Transcription

1 Danuta J. Mozdyniewicz 1 and Herbert Sixta 2, 3 * 1 (M9NG>=>AOO>A=7DN(+9EO(&N8+P(QE=>A8>7?>7(R=7S(T-P(U.U.(!@AOP(QDC=7@6 2 (!>AO@A?(Q&P(V>7FC=76W>(1P(UXT.(!>AO@A?P(QDC=7@6 3 (Y>G67=N>A=(9H(Z97>C=([79<DB=C(,>B:A9E9?;P(Q6E=9(\A@I>7C@=;(RB:99E(9H(RB@>AB>(6A<(,>B:A9E9?;P( ( ]D97@N@>:>A=@>(1P([S^S()9L(1T3..P("CG99P _(:>78>7=SC@L=6`66E=9Sa Abstract,:>(G79<DB=@9A(9H(B>EEDE9C>(a87>C(8;(=:>(I@CB9C>(G79B>CC(:6C(8>>A(FA9bA(H97(N97>(=:6A(6(B>A=D7;P(8D=(C=@EE(C9N>( 6CG>B=C(67>(A9=(CDHaB@>A=E;(DA<>7C=99<S(,:>(B6789:;<76=>C(@A(=:>(GDEG(67>(>LG9C><(=9(I67;@A?(B9A<@=@9AC(<D7@A?( =:>(N6ADH6B=D7@A?(G79B>CCS(%A(=:>(a7C=(C=>G(=:>(C=79A?(6EF6E@A>(=7>6=N>A=(E>6<C(=9(DA<>C@768E>(E9CC(7>6B=@9ACS(,:>( 8>:6I@9D7(9H(B>EEDE9C>(@A(6EF6E@A>(>AI@79AN>A=(b6C(CD8c>B=(9H(C>I>76E(C=D<@>C(6A<(6(ADN8>7(9H(F@A>=@B(N9<>EC( <>CB7@8@A?(B>EEDE9C>(<>?76<6=@9A(b>7>(CD??>C=><S(%A(6(ADN8>7(9H(@AI>C=@?6=@9AC(=:>(>LG>7@N>A=C(b>7>(G>7H97N><( 9L;?>A(9A(B>EEDE9C>(<>?76<6=@9AP(aA6E(8E>6B:><(8>>B:(d?J86C><(6B@<(CDEa=>(GDEG(b6C(=7>6=><(b@=:(C9<@DN(:;<- 79L@<>(6=(e.f*(@A(=:>(G7>C>AB>(6A<(68C>AB>(9H(67?9A(H97(=@N>(G>7@9<C(DG(=9(T3(:9D7CS(,:>(7>CDE=C(CD??>C=(=:6=( 9L;?>AJ@A@=@6=><(:9N9E;=@B(<>?76<6=@9A(G6=:b6;CP(C@N@E67E;(=9(=:9C>(9BBD77@A?(<D7@A?(=:>(6?@A?(G79B>CCP(67>(7>- CG9AC@8E>(H97(=:>(6<<@=@9A6E(gJB>EEDE9C>(H97N6=@9A(@A(=:>(G7>C>AB>(9H(9L;?>A(6=(E9A?(C=>>G@A?(=@N>S(%A(=:>(B6C>(9H( C:97=(C=>>G@A?(=7>6=N>A=CP(6C(9BBD7@A?(<D7@A?(@A<DC=7@6E(G79B>CC>CP(=:>(@AKD>AB>(9H(6@7J9L;?>A(9A(=:>(;@>E<(E9CC( 6A<(*^Y(H97N6=@9A(@CP(:9b>I>7P(A>?E@?@8E>S Keywords: Dissolving pulp, viscose pulp, steeping, alkaline degradation, air exclusion Introduction,:>(I@CB9C>(G79B>CC(@C(C=@EE(=:>(<9N@A6=@A?(G79B>CC(H97( =:>( N6ADH6B=D7>( 9H( N6AJN6<>( B>EEDE9C>( a87>cs(,:>( 8796<(a>E<(9H(6GGE@B6=@9AC(6A<(=:>(G9CC@8@E@=;(9H(G79- G>7=;( 6<cDC=N>A=( B9A=7@8D=>( =9( =:>( <9N@A6AB>( 9H( =:>( I@CB9C>(a87>CS(QE=:9D?:(=:>(G79B>CC(:6C(8>>A(6GGE@><( H97(N97>(=:6A(6(B>A=D7;P(HD7=:>7(@NG79I>N>A=C(7>?67- <@A?(;@>E<(@AB7>6C>(6A<(=:>(6GGE@B6=@9A(9H(8;JG79<DB=C( C>>N( =9( 8>( G9CC@8E>S( YD7@A?( =:>( N6ADH6B=D7@A?( G79- B>CC( =:>( =:>( GDEG( 67>( >LG9C><( =9( C=79A?E;(6EF6E@A>(B9A<@=@9AC(<D7@A?(I@CB9C>(G7>G676=@- 9A(6A<(C=79A?E;(6B@<@B(B9A<@=@9AC(<D7@A?(=:>(7>?>A>76- =@9A(G79B>CCS(,:>(C=>>G@A?(9H(GDEG(b@=:(6(e(d(C9<@DN( :;<79L@<>(6hD>9DC(C9ED=@9A(6HH>B=C(=:>(B9AI>7C@9A(9H( A>B>CC67;( =9( >ACD7>( 6(?99<( 6BB>CC@8@E@=;( H97( =:>( L6A=:6=@9A(7>6B=@9AS([676EE>E(=9(=:>(B:6A?>(9H(=:>(B7;C- =6E(C=7DB=D7>(:>N@B>EEDE9C>C(6A<(C:97=JB:6@A(B>EEDE9C>( 67>( <@CC9EI><S(,:>( b>ee( N@L><( CED77;( 9H( 6EF6E@( 6A<( GDEG(@C(<>b6=>7><(=9(98=6@A(6EF6E@(B>EEDE9C>(G7@97(=9(=:>( 6?@A?( G79B>CC( b:>7>( =:>( <>?7>>( 9H( G9E;N>7@C6=@9A(@C( 6<cDC=><(=9(=:>(7>hD@7><(E>I>E(@A(=:>(aA6E(G79<DB=(i0jS( V:@E>(Y[(7><DB=@9A(<D7@A?(6?@A?(@C(G>7H97N><(DA<>7( B9A=79EE68E>(B9A<@=@9AC(DA=@E(6(=67?>=(I6ED>(@C(7>6B:><P( =:>( <>?76<6=@9A( 7>6B=@9AC( <D7@A?( C=>>G@A?( B6DC>( DA- <>C@768E>(;@>E<(E9CC>CS(%A(=:>(B6C>(9H(6?@A?P(=:>(B:6@A( BE>6I6?>(9H(6EF6E@(B>EEDE9C>(b6C(C:9bA(=9(H9EE9b(6(76- <@B6E( B:6@A( N>B:6A@CN( b@=:( 6=N9CG:>7>( I9EI><( i3js( QC( 6E7>6<;( N>A=@9A><P( 6EF6E@( B>EEDE9C>( 1.3

2 Figure 1. Cellulose reactions during alkaline steeping. @9AC( 67>( DC><( 6C( B6=6E;C=C( =9( 6BB>E>76=>( @C( E9CC( G79<DB=C( 9H( =:>( 6A:;<79?EDB9C>( 9H( C=68E>( 6=( =:>( R>I>76E( b>7>( G>7H97N><( =:>( 6A<( 6=( b6c=>( i1.p( 11jS(,:>7>8;( 9H( 9A( =:>( B6789:;<76=>( 9H( 6( Experimental [\![(,'"Q,d"#, Q(,*Z( 8E>6B:><( 8>>B:( d?j86c><( CDEa=>( GDEG( b6c( DC><( H97( =:>( <7;( C:>>=C( b>7>( DN( 6=( 6( GDEG( =9( 9H( 1mT.S(,:>( =7>6=N>A=C( b>7>( 6( 79DA<J89==9N( K6CF( 6( 6A<( 6( =:>7N9N>=>7S(,:>( E;>( b6c( G7>:>6=><( =9( e.f*( 6A<( 6<<><( =9( =:>( GDEG( DA<>7( 9H( =:>( =:>( =>NG>76=D7>( 9H( =:>( Z97( =:>( =:>( b6c( KDC:><( 67?9A( 8>H97>( =:>( =:>( Z'Q*,%^#(R"[Q'Q,%^# QH=>7( =:>( =67?>=><( b6c( 7>6B:><P( =:>( EDE9C>( b>7>( G>7H97N><( =9( =:>( R*Q#J*d( 1em--( N>=:9<S(,:>( 6N9DA=( =:>( 9H( 6A( >hd6e( I9EDN>( 9H( 2 SO 4 m+ 2^(1m32(=9(=:>(E;>(DA<>7(I@?979DC(C=@7-7@A?S(Z97(hD6A=@=6=@I>(6A6E;C@C(=:>(G7>B@G@=6=>(b6C(aE- =>7><(=:79D?:(6(.SUe(oN(B>EEDE9C>(aE=>7S(,9(98=6@A(E67-1.U

3 Figure 2. Treatment of the pulp and the residuals.?>7( H97( =:>( =:>( b6c( 6A<( =:>( b6c:><( b6=>7( C>I>76E( b6c( H7>>O>( C=79A?( ae=76=>( =:>( C9ED8E>( G79<DB=C( <>A9=><( 6C( 6N9DA=( 9H( =:>( Results and 3S1k( L;E6A( 6A<(.STk( 6A<(N6AA6A(B9A=>A=(<>B7>6C><(=9(.STk(6A<(.S1kP(7>- 6A<( 6=( E>I>E( =:79D?:9D=( =:>( <9>C( A9=( C:9b( =:>( G7>C>AB>( 9H( 9L;?>AS( Q( 7>N67F68E>( b6c( <>=>B=><( 6H=>7( 0.(:9D7C( 9H( C=>>- =:>(G7>C>AB>(9H(9L;?>AS(QC(6(B9AC>hD>AB>(9H(G>7N6- B6DC>C( @A=9( =:>( 6A<( =:DC( 6A( >E>I6=><( G7>I>A=><( 8;( 67?9A( =9( >ACD7>( 6=N9CG:>7>S(,:>7>8;( =:>( @C( 6EN9C=( =:>( G7>C>AB>( 9H( Figure 3. Decrease of the cellulose yield loss in presence and absence of the inert gas. 1.e

4 6=><(8;(=:>(G7>C>AB>(9H(9L;?>AS(( 9L;?>A(/,(p(e.f*q(!mR(p(T.m12S =9( <D>( =9( =:>( 6( 7>CDE=P( =:>( B>EEDE9C>( E>6<C( =9( e2( 6A<( 9H( C9ED8E>( G79<DB=C( b6c( 8;( =:>( 9H( =9=6E( 7>N9I6E( 9H( =:>( @A( 89=:( N>6CD7>N>A=C( b6c( <>aa><( 6C( 7>CDE=C( TS( %=( C:9bC( 9H( =:>( B9A=>A=( 9H( =:>( njb>eede9c>( 9A( <>B7>6C>( =:>( C:97=( B>EEDE9C>( 9H( =:>( njb>eede9c>( =9=6E( 6N9DA=( 9H( =:>( C9ED8E>( gjb>eede9c>( Figure 4. Comparison of the gravimetrically determined cellulose yield loss and the corresponding intrinsic viscosity loss of!"#$%#&#'#%(!#)$*+,*$-'$*%#.#'/#$01$(-%2034&#'$56$7$89$:;<$=>?$ Figure 5. Intrinsic viscosity and carboxyl group content of the regenerated pulp as a function of the treatment time in *%#.#'/#$01$(-%2034&#'C$56$7$89:;<$=>?$7$@9>ABC Figure 6.$ 6D;$ (')$ ;DE$ /0'!#'!.$ 01$!"#$ %#.-)+(,$,4#$ (!$ 89:;<$ FG$ (')$ H$ 2$ 1%(/!-0'.$ 0I!(-'#)$ (1!#%$ *%#/-*-!(!-0'$ J-!"$ H K?D L :H K D$5A>MBC 1.T

5 d?j86c><( GDEG( =9( 67>( H97( =:>( 7>I>6E><( =:6=( =:>( Acknowledgments [8]S( EDE(*:>N(,>B:A9E(1me15J05 [1.]S(]6A(!99A(!'P( &E6DC( dqp(!6d8>(qp( R=6EE9A>( RS( [11]S(&E6DC(dQP(]6A(!99A(!'P(QB:6=O(RP(*:9<D76(QP( 9H( G79<DB=CS( QA6E( QB=6(3-Xm111J00 CDGG97=( b6c( 8;( =:>( =:>( 9H( E9b>7( DGG>7( 6EC9( >LG7>CC( =9( =:>( r9:6aa>c( M>GE>7( References [1]S( 9H( B>EEDE9C>m( 1S( 9H( =:>( C=7DB=D7>( 9H( [2]S( [3]S( [4]S( 9A( =:>( 9H( UTm50TJ3. [5]S( YP( *9E>( "+P( #RS( 1-U-S(,:>( [6]S( )^P( Q876:6NCC9A( )P( +9EN8>7?( MS( 1-eUS( t8>7( <>A( I9A( [7]S( C>S(r(*:>N(R9BmUe..JT 1.5