Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Project Sheet

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Jason Gaines
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1 Page 1 of 4 Project Name: White Grub & Root Weevil Efficacy New Ongoing Completed X Duration if ongoing or completed: , 2010, 2012 Project Description: White grubs and root weevils are cryptic pests in that most of their life cycles are spent below the surface of the soil feeding on plant roots. Often times, the adults are only visible during mating periods unless growers epose the roots to determine the cause of unthrifty plants. Preventative applications are timed for during peak adult flights since materials tend to be more efficacious on younger instars. This project arose from the need to screen a wider array of materials to broaden the available MOA. Research Project Abstract (if available): Abstract from 2017, Borer, Weevil & White Grub Efficacy Summary Collectively, managing coleopteran insects can be challenging because the adult and larval stages may both cause damage and sometimes occur on different hosts or on different plant parts. While organophosphates, pyrethroids, and neonicotinoids can provide good to ecellent control of coleopteran insects, not all products work equally well in all situations. Treatments for borers are very different than treatments targeting white grubs. Developing newer classes of chemistry are important to reduce the environmental consequences and to minimize the development of resistance. Starting with the 2004 Annual Workshop, screening a number of products to manage coleopteran insects became one of the high priority projects for entomology. From 2005 through 2016, 66 products representing 43 different active ingredients were tested for management of adult and larval stages of coleopteran insects. In addition,10 products representing 10 active ingredients were evaluated for lepidopteran clearwing borers in 2008 and 2009.These products represented both biological and chemical tools. Some products were already registered but more data were needed or they were considered standards to measure the level of efficacy achieved with other materials. Other products were in development but have not yet been registered with the EPA. While a number of coleopteran and lepidopteran species were tested, only enough eperiments were able to be completed on the coleopteran species black vine weevil, Japanese beetle, oriental beetle, Sri Lankan weevil, and viburnum leaf beetles to recommend actions to register or amend labels for these pests. Target Species (Phytotoicity, or common and Latin name of arthropod, pathogen, weed): Weevil (Otiorhynchus sulcatus) Strawberry Rootworm (Paria fragariae ssp. Fragariae) (Anomala orientalis) Target Crops (list tested crops if ongoing or completed project) Arborvitae (Thuja sp.) Azalea (Rhododendron sp.) Dogwood, Kousa (Cornuskousa) Holly (Ile sp.) Lilac, Common (Syringa vulgaris) Lilac (Syringachinensis) Oak, White (Quercus alba) Rhododendron (Rhododendron sp.) Rose (Rosa sp.) Spruce, White; Cat (Picea glauca) Stonecrop (Sedum spurium) Strawberry (Non-Bearing) (Fragaria sp.) Turf (Turf) Yew (Taus media) Yew (Taus sp.) Target Product(s)(list tested products or numbered compounds if ongoing or completed project) A16901B 45WG Celero 16WSG Hachi-Hachi Safari 20SG Met52 Acelepryn 1.67 Discus Heacide Safari 2G NI-CH001 Arena 50WDG Dylo 80 Mach 2 Liquid TalstarFlowable Ornazin 3%EC AzaGuard Flagship 0.22G Marathon 1% G Insecticide/Miticide Orthene TTO 97 BAS 320i Flagship 25WG Marathon 60WP Talstar NG Precise Acephate BotaniGard ES Grandevo Marathon II TickE EC

2 Product Registration and Research Status Fully Screened (also includes standards) Generally & Generally But NOT for Specific Insects& Discus Safari 20SG * Safari 2G Flagship 0.22G Flagship 25WG * Marathon 1% granular Marathon 60WP Marathon II Orthene Talstar Partially Screened through IR-4 1 Page 2 of 4 Need Data Across Species? Grandevo Met52 * for Specific Insects but NOT Not yet registered or A16901B 45WG Hachi-Hachi Heacide NI-CH001 Ornazin TickE No longer available for development Acelepryn * BAS 320i Celero 16WSG * * IR-4 Data contributed to registration decision either adding pest to label or not pursuing further research 1 At least one species screened fully Mach 2 Liquid Area Characteristic Pro Con A new active ingredient is available in new IRAC class Many IRAC classes are currently available for growers Regulatory concerns Availability & effectiveness of alternative Not many options management tools Grubs challenging for Christmas tree growers especially on sandy soil (Pacific North West) Need for mating disruption products for beetles (oriental beetle MD is working well) Damage potential of target Performance and crop safety of proposed products (from other systems) Compatibility with IPM, resistance management programs Economics Geographic distribution Manufacturer interest in labeling products Other

3 Page 3 of 4 IR-4 Efficacy Trials to Date Average rating on a scale of 1 5 with 1 = 0 to about 50% efficacy (not effective) and 5 = 95 to 100 efficacy (very effective); minimum to maimum rating; number of trials (See table on net page). For product/insect combinations that are blank, IR-4 has not screened this combination. indicates that this insect species or genera is listed on the label. A rating of 2 or lower is considered unacceptable efficacy (red tet). A rating of 3 or higher is considered commercially acceptable (black tet). Nonlabeled, completed product/insect combinations (3 or more trials) with an average rating of 3 or higher are highlighted with green tet. For insect/product combinations that are blank, IR-4 has not screened this combination. Table 1 of 2. Acelepryn (aka DPX-E2Y45) 1.67 (Chlorantraniliprole) AzaGuard (Azadirachtin) beetlegone! tlc (Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. galleriae Strain SDS-502) BotaniGard ES (BioWorks) (Beauveria bassiana Strain GHA) Cyclaniliprole (IKI-3106) 50SL (Cyclaniliprole) Discus (Imidacloprid + cyfluthrin) DPX-HGW86 (Cyantraniliprole) Flagship 25WG (Thiamethoam) Hachi-Hachi EC (Tolfenpyrad) Hachi-Hachi SC (Tolfenpyrad) Lyn EC 5.0 (Pyrethrins) MBI-203 WDG (Chromobacterium subtsugae) Ony (Bifenthrin) Safari 20SG (Dinotefuran) Scimitar CS (Lambda-cyhalothrin) TriStar 30SG (Acetamiprid) Venerate (MBI 206 F) (Burkholderia rinojensis strain A396) Xpectro OD (Pyrethrins + Beauveria bassiana Strain GHA) Peachtree Borer (Synanthedon eitiosa) Sri Lankan Weevil (Myllocerus undatus) 3.0 (3-3) n1 Table 2 of 2. A16901B 45WG (Cyantraniliprole + thiamethoam) Acelepryn (aka DPX-E2Y45) 1.67 (Chlorantraniliprole) Weevil - grubs (Otiorhynchus sulcatus - grubs) 3.4 (1-5) n8 (Anomala orientalis) 4.5 (4-5) n2 4.2 (3-5) n6 Strawberry Rootworm (Paria fragariae ssp_ Fragariae)

4 Weevil - grubs (Otiorhynchus sulcatus - grubs) (Anomala orientalis) Arena 50WDG (Clothianadin) AzaGuard (Azadirachtin) BAS 320i (Metaflumizone) 5.0 (5-5) n5 2.3 (1-5) n3 BotaniGard ES (BioWorks) (Beauveria bassiana Strain GHA) 1.0 (1-1) n2 Celero 16WSG (Clothianidin) 4.0 (1-5) n4 3.0 (3-3) n2 Discus (Imidacloprid + cyfluthrin) Dylo 80 SP (Dimethyl (2,2,2-trichloro-1- hydroyethyl) phosphonate) Flagship 0.22G (Thiamethoam) Flagship 25WG (Thiamethoam) 2.7 (1-5) n3 1.8 (1-3) n4 3.3 (1-5) n8 Page 4 of 4 Strawberry Rootworm (Paria fragariae ssp_ Fragariae) Grandevo (MBI 203 DF) (Chromobacterium subtsugae NRRL B-30655) Hachi-Hachi EC (Tolfenpyrad) Heacide (Rosemary Oil) Mach 2 Liquid (Halofenazide) Marathon 1% granular (Imidacloprid) 3.0 (3-3) n1 Marathon 60WP (Imidacloprid) Marathon II (Imidacloprid) Met52 (Metarhizium anisopliae strain F52) NI-CH001 (NI-CH001) Ornazin 3%EC (Azadirachtin) Orthene TTO 97 (Valent) (Acephate) Precise Acephate (Acephate) Safari 20SG (Dinotefuran) Safari 2G (V G) (Dinotefuran) Talstar Flowable Insecticide/Miticide (Bifenthrin) Talstar NG (Bifenthrin) Tank Mi: AzaGuard + TerraClean 5.0 (Azadirachtin +) TickE EC (Metarhizium anisophliae) 1.2 (1-2) n5 3.4 (1-5) n (1-5) n3 5.0 (5-5) n3

5 Registered and Eperimental Products for White Grub & Root Weevil Control Page 1 of 1 Efficacy Soil Applied Insecticides* (active ingredients) IRAC Class Registered Use Site(s) REI Asiatic Garden ** Weevil European Chafer ** Japanese May/June ** Acephate 97, Precise, etc. (acephate) 1B G, N 24 h? P? P?? Azatin, AzaGuard, Molt-X, etc. (azadirachtin) 18B G, I, N, S 4 h????? P BotaniGard, Naturalis L, etc. (Beauveria bassiana) M G, I, N, S 4 h? P???? Discus Tablet (cyfluthrin+imidacloprid) 3A + 4A N 12 h? P??? P Duraguard, Dursban (chlorpyrifos) 1B G, N 24 h?????? Ecotrol (rosemary and peppermint oils)? G, N 0 h?????? Flagship 25WG (thiamethoam) 4A G, L, N, S 12 h P P-F P-E P-E E P-E Grandevo DF - G, N 4 h P? G G? P Marathon, Merit etc. (imidacloprid) 4A G, I, N 12 h P-E P G-E G-E P-E F-E Millenium (Steinernema carpocapsae) - G, I, N 0 h?????? Safari 20SG (dinotefuran) 4A G, N 12 h? P-E? P-E? P-E Scimitar GC (lambda-cyhalothrin) 3A G, N, S 24 h?????? Talstar, etc. (bifenthrin) 3A G, I, N 12 h? P-E? P? E Eperimental Products A16901B (cyantraniliprole+thiamethoam) A TBD 12 h????? F-E Acelepryn,DPX-E2Y45 (chlorantraniliprole) 28 TBD 4 h G-E P-E P-E P-E E P-E Arena, Celero (clothianidin) 4A TBD 12 h E P-E P-E P-E P P-E BAS 320i (metaflumizone) 22B TBD?? E? P? P-E Hachi-Hachi EC (tolfenpyrad) 21A TBD 12 h? P??? Heacide (rosemary oil) - TBD 0 h????? P Mach 2 (halofenozide) 18 TBD 12 h? P F-E P-E P F-E Met 52, Tick E (Metarhizium anisopliae F52) - TBD 4 h? P? P? P NI-CH001 - TBD?????? P Venerate, MBI-206 (Burkholderia sp. strain A396) - G, N 4 h?????? Registered Use Sites: G = Greenhouse; L = Lath House; I = Indoors; N = Nursery; S = Shade House; TBD = To Be Determined Application Method: D = Drench; S = Spray Efficacy: P = Poor (< 70% control); F = Fair (70% to 85% control); G = Good (85% to 95% control), E = Ecellent (>95% control) of larvae approimately 1-4 months after application. Efficacy ratings taken from the 2014 IR-4, Borer, Weevil & White Grub efficacy summary, and 47 AMT turf trials. * Soil applied through Drench, Soil incorporation, Broadcast and irrigated, etc. ** Efficacy data only from AMT turf trials. Information presented is based on the best data available on October 2, 2017.

Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Project Sheet

Ornamental Horticulture Program Research Project Sheet http://ir4.rutgers.edu/ornamental/ornamentalprojectinformationsheets.cfm Page 1 of 7 Project Name: Thrips Efficacy New Ongoing Completed Duration if ongoing or completed: 2006-2017 Project Description: