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1 International Plant Protection Convention Draft ISPM: Revision to Annex 1 and Annex 2 to ISPM 15 (Regulation of wood packaging material in international trade) A&B [1]Draft revision of Annex 1 (Approved treatments associated wit wood packaging material) and Annex 2 (Te mark and its application) to ISPM 15 (Regulation of wood packaging material in international trade): inclusion of te pytosanitary treatment Sulpuryl fluoride fumigation and Revision of te dielectric eating section ( A&B) [2]Status box [3]Tis is not an official part of te standard and it will be modified by te IPPC Secretariat after adoption. [4]Date of tis document [5] [6]Document category [7]Draft revision of Annexes 1 and 2 to ISPM 15 (Regulation of wood packaging material in international trade) [8]Current document stage [9]From Standards Committee (SC) November 2017 to CPM-13 (2018) [10]Major stages for te pytosanitary treatment Sulpuryl fluoride fumigation [35]Steward s istory [11] Sulfuryl fluoride fumigation of wood packaging material treatment ( ) submitted [12] Tecnical Panel on Pytosanitary Treatments (TPPT) reviewed treatment [13] Revised text considered by Tecnical Panel on Forest Quarantine (TPFQ) [14] Furter revised text submitted to TPPT [15] TPFQ discussion [16] TPPT reviewed treatment [17] Amended text considered by TPFQ [18] Text updated and recommended to SC [19] TPFQ discussion [20] SC e-decision [21] SC via e-discussion returned to TPPT [22] TPPT revised text based on SC comments [23] TPPT reviewed treatment [24] TPFQ discussion [25] TPPT reviewed treatment [26] TPPT recommended treatment to SC for approval for consultation [27] SC approved for consultation via e-decision [28] SC agreed to split Sulfuryl fluoride fumigation of wood packaging material ( ) into two separate topics: Sulfuryl fluoride fumigation of insects in debarked wood ( A) and Sulfuryl fluoride fumigation of nematodes and insects in debarked wood ( B) and recommended to CPM to include a new topic: Revision of dielectric eating section (Annex 1 (Approved treatments associated wit wood packaging material) to ISPM 15 (Regulation of wood packaging material in international trade)) [29] TPFQ reviewed te draft treatment Sulfuryl fluoride fumigation of nematodes and insects in debarked wood ( B) for inclusion to ISPM 15 ( A) [30] SC reviewed and approved draft revision to ISPM 15 in relation to topics A and B for consultation. [31] Consultation for draft ISPMs [32] TPFQ inputs to te draft and steward [33] SC-7 asked te TPPT to better assess te treatments [34] SC Second consultation Steward revised te draft based on consultation comments SC revised in meeting and approved te draft for adoption by CPM [36] SC: Mr Greg WOLFF (CA, Lead Steward) [37] SC: Mr Tomas SCHRODER (DE, Lead Steward) [38] SC: Mr Piotr WLODARCZYK (PL, Lead Steward) [39] SC: Ms Marina ZLOTINA (US, Lead Steward) [40] SC: Mr Ezequiel FERRO (AR, Assistant steward) International Plant Protection Convention Page 1 of 10

2 A&B Draft ISPM: Revision to Annex 1 and Annex 2 to ISPM 15 [41]Major stages for te revision of te dielectric eating section [42] TPFQ reviewed draft treatment for Heat treatment of wood using dielectric eating ( ) and suggested canges to te dielectric eating section of Annex 1 to ISPM 15 [43]Secretariat notes [44] Tis document combines two topics: [45]Inclusion of te pytosanitary treatment Sulpuryl fluoride fumigation of wood packaging material in Annexes 1 and 2 to ISPM 15 [46]Revision of dielectric eating section (Annex 1 (Approved treatments associated wit wood packaging material) to ISPM 15 (Regulation of wood packaging material in international trade)) ( B) [47]Grey text was not open for comments and was only canged for consistency wit te revised text, indicated in black. Edited Te text will be formatted after adoption. [48]Tis revised Annex 1 was adopted by te XXt Session of te Commission on Pytosanitary Measures in [mont] [year]. [49]Te annex is a prescriptive part of te standard. [50]ANNEX 1: Approved treatments associated wit wood packaging material (2013) [51]Te approved treatments may be applied to units of wood packaging material or to pieces of wood tat are to be made into wood packaging material. [52]Use of debarked wood [53]Irrespective of te type of treatment applied, wood packaging material must be made of debarked wood. For tis standard, any number of visually separate and clearly distinct small pieces of bark may remain if tey are: [54]- less tan 3 cm in widt (regardless of te lengt) or [55]- greater tan 3 cm in widt, wit te total surface area of an individual piece of bark less tan 50 square cm. [56]For metyl bromide and sulpuryl fluoride treatments, te removal of bark must be carried out before treatment as te presence of bark on te wood may affect treatment efficacy. For eat treatment, te removal of bark may be carried out before or after treatment. Wen a dimension limitation is specified for a certain type of eat treatment (e.g. dielectric eating), any bark must be included in te dimension measurement. [57]Heat treatment [58]Various energy sources or processes may be suitable to acieve te required treatment parameters. For example, conventional steam eating, kiln-drying, eat-enabled cemical pressure impregnation and dielectric eating (microwave, radio frequency) may all be considered eat treatments provided tey meet te eat treatment parameters specified in tis standard. [59]NPPOs sould ensure tat treatment providers monitor te treatment temperature at a location likely to be te coldest, wic will be te location taking te longest time to reac te target temperature in te wood, to ensure tat te target temperature is maintained for te duration of treatment trougout te batc of wood being treated. Te point at wic a piece of wood is te coldest may vary depending on te energy source or process applied, te moisture content and te initial temperature distribution in te wood. [60]Wen using dielectric eating as a eat source, te coldest part of te wood during treatment is usually te surface. In some situations (e.g. dielectric eating of wood of large dimensions tat as been frozen and until te wood as tawed) te core may be te coldest part of te wood. [61]Heat treatment using a conventional steam or dry kiln eat camber (treatment code for te mark: HT) Page 2 of 10 International Plant Protection Convention

3 Draft ISPM: Revision to Annex 1 and Annex 2 to ISPM A&B [62]Wen using conventional eat camber tecnology, te fundamental requirement is to acieve a minimum temperature of 56 C for a minimum duration of 30 continuous minutes trougout te entire profile of te wood (including its core). [63]Tis temperature can be measured by inserting temperature sensors in te core of te wood. Alternatively, wen using kiln-drying eat cambers or oter eat treatment cambers, treatment scedules may be developed based on a series of test treatments during wic te core temperature of te wood at various locations inside te eat camber as been measured and correlated wit camber air temperature, taking into account te moisture content of te wood and oter substantial parameters (suc as species and tickness of te wood, air flow rate and umidity). Te test series must demonstrate tat a minimum temperature of 56 C is maintained for a minimum duration of 30 continuous minutes trougout te entire profile of te wood. [64]Treatment scedules sould be specified or approved by te NPPO. [65]Treatment providers sould be approved by te NPPO. NPPOs sould consider te following factors tat may be required for a eat camber to meet te treatment requirements:. [66]- Te eat camber is sealed and well insulated, including insulation in te floor. [67]- Te eat camber is designed in a manner tat permits uniform flow of air around and troug te wood stack. Wood to be treated is loaded into te camber in a manner tat ensures adequate air flow around and troug te wood stack. [68]- Air deflectors in te camber area and spacers in te stack of te wood are used as required to ensure adequate air flow. [69]- Fans are used to circulate air during treatment, and air flow from tese fans is sufficient to ensure te core temperature of te wood is maintained at te specified level for te required duration. [70]- Te coldest location witin te camber is identified for eac load and temperature sensors are placed tere, eiter in te wood or in te camber. [71]- Were te treatment is monitored using temperature sensors inserted into te wood, at least two temperature sensors are recommended. Tese temperature sensors sould be suitable for measuring wood core temperature. Te use of multiple temperature sensors ensures tat any failure of a temperature sensor is detected during te treatment process. Te temperature sensors are inserted at least 30 cm from te end of a piece of wood and penetrate to te centre of te wood. For sorter boards or pallet blocks, temperature sensors are also inserted in te piece of wood wit te largest dimensions in a manner tat ensures te temperature at te core is measured. Any oles drilled in te wood to place te temperature sensors are sealed wit appropriate material to prevent interference in temperature measurement by convection or conduction. Special attention sould be paid to external influences on te wood suc as nails or metal insertions tat may lead to incorrect measurements. [72]- Were te treatment scedule is based on monitoring camber air temperature and is used for treatment of different wood types (e.g. specific species and sizes), te scedule takes into account te species, moisture content and tickness of te wood being treated. At least two temperature sensors are recommended for monitoring te air temperature in te camber treating wood packaging according to treatment scedules. [73]- If te air flow in te camber is routinely reversed during treatment, a greater number of temperature sensors may be needed to account for a possible cange in te location of te coldest point. [74]- Temperature sensors and data recording equipment are calibrated in accordance wit te manufacturer s instructions at a frequency specified by te NPPO. [75]- Temperatures are monitored and recorded during eac treatment to ensure tat te prescribed minimum temperature is maintained for te required period of time. If te minimum temperature is not maintained, corrective action needs to be taken to ensure tat all wood is treated according to eat treatment requirements (30 continuous minutes at 56 C); for example, te treatment is restarted or te treatment time extended and, if necessary, te temperature raised. During te treatment period, te frequency of temperature readings is sufficient to ensure tat treatment failures can be detected. [76]- For te purpose of auditing, te treatment provider keeps records of eat treatments and calibrations for a period of time specified by te NPPO. International Plant Protection Convention Page 3 of 10

4 A&B Draft ISPM: Revision to Annex 1 and Annex 2 to ISPM 15 [77]Heat treatment using dielectric eating (treatment code for te mark: DH) [78]Were dielectric eating is used (e.g. microwaves or radio waves) is used, wood packaging material composed of wood not exceeding 20 cm 1 wen measured across te smallest dimension of te piece or te stack must be eated to acieve a minimum temperature of 60 C for 1 continuous minute trougout te entire profile of te wood (including its surface). Te prescribed temperature must be reaced witin 30 minutes from te start of te treatment 2.Treatment providers using dielectric eating must verify tat teir scedules acieve specified treatment parameters (taking into account te moisture content of te wood, its size and density, and te frequency of microwaves or radio waves). [79]Treatment scedules sould be specified or approved by te NPPO. [80]Treatment providers sould be approved by te NPPO. NPPOs sould consider te following factors tat may be required for a dielectric eating camber to meet te treatment requirements:. [81]- Irrespective of weter dielectric eating is conducted as a batc process or as a continuous (conveyor) process, te treatment is monitored in te wood were te temperature is likely to be te coldest (normally on te surface) to ensure te target temperature is maintained. For measuring te temperature, at least two temperature sensors are recommended to ensure tat any failure of a temperature sensor is detected. [82]- Te treatment provider as initially validated tat te wood temperatures reac or exceed 60 C for 1 continuous minute trougout te entire profile of te wood (including its surface). [83]- For wood exceeding 5 cm in tickness, dielectric eating at 2.45 GHz requires bidirectional application or multiple waveguides for te delivery of microwave energy to ensure uniformity of eating. [84]- Temperature sensors and data recording equipment are calibrated in accordance wit te manufacturer s instructions at a frequency specified by te NPPO. [85]- For te purpose of auditing, te treatment provider keeps records of eat treatments and calibrations for a period of time specified by te NPPO. [86]Metyl bromide treatment (treatment code for te mark: MB) [87]NPPOs are encouraged to promote te use of alternative treatments approved in tis standard 13. Use of metyl bromide sould take into account te CPM recommendation on te replacement or reduction of te use of metyl bromide as a pytosanitary measure (CPM, 2008). [88]Wood packaging material containing a piece of wood exceeding 20 cm in cross-section at its smallest dimension must not be treated wit metyl bromide. [89]Te fumigation of wood packaging material wit metyl bromide must be in accordance wit a scedule specified or approved by te NPPO tat acieves te minimum concentration-time product 24 (CT) over 24 ours at te temperature and final residual concentration specified in Table 1. Tis CT must be acieved trougout te profile of te wood, including its core, altoug te concentrations would be is measured in te ambient atmospere. Te minimum temperature of te wood and its surrounding atmospere must not be less tan 10 C and te minimum exposure time must not be less tan 24 ours. Monitoring of gas concentrations must be carried out at a minimum at 2, 4 and 24 ours from te beginning of te treatment. In te case of longer exposure times and weaker concentrations, additional measurement of te gas concentrations sould be recorded at te end of fumigation. [90]If te CT is not acieved over 24 ours, corrective action needs to be taken to ensure te CT is reaced; for example, te treatment is restarted or te treatment time extended for a maximum of 2two ours witout adding more metyl bromide to acieve te required CT (see te footnote to Table 1). 1 Contracting parties to te IPPC may also ave obligations under te Montreal Protocol on Substances tat Ddeplete te Ozone Layer (UNEP, 2000). 2 Te CT utilized for metyl bromide and sulpuryl fluoride treatments in tis standard is te sum of te products of te concentration (g/m 3 ) and time () over te duration of te treatment. Page 4 of 10 International Plant Protection Convention

5 Draft ISPM: Revision to Annex 1 and Annex 2 to ISPM A&B [91]Table 1.: Minimum required CT over 24 ours for wood packaging material fumigated wit metyl bromide [92]Temperature ( C) [93]Minimum required CT (g /m 3 ) over 24 [94]Minimum final concentration (g/m 3 ) after 24 # [95]21.0 or above [96]650 [97]24 [98] [99]800 [100]28 [101] [102]900 [103]32 [104]# In circumstances wen te minimum final concentration is not acieved after 24 ours, a deviation in te concentration of ~5% is permitted provided additional treatment time is added to te end of te treatment to acieve te prescribed CT. [105]One example of a scedule tat may be used for acieving te specified requirements is sown in Table 2. [106]Table 2.: Example of a treatment scedule tat acieves te minimum required CT for wood packaging material treated wit metyl bromide (initial doses may need to be iger in conditions of ig sorption or leakage) [107]Temperature ( C) [108]Dosage (g/m 3 ) [109]Minimum concentration (g/m 3 ) at: [110] [111] [112]2 [113]4 [114]24 [115]21.0 or above [116]48 [117]36 [118]31 [119]24 [120] [121]56 [122]42 [123]36 [124]28 [125] [126]64 [127]48 [128]42 [129]32 [130]Treatment providers sould be approved by te NPPO. NPPOs sould consider te following factors tat may be required for metyl bromide fumigation to meet te treatment requirements:. [131]- Fans are used as appropriate during te gas distribution pase of fumigation to ensure equilibrium is reaced, and tey are positioned to make certain te fumigant is rapidly and effectively distributed trougout te fumigation enclosure (preferably witin te first our of application). [132]- Te fumigation enclosure is not loaded beyond 80% of its volume. [133]- Te fumigation enclosure is well sealed and as gas tigt as possible. If fumigation is to be carried out under seets, tese are made of gas-proof material and sealed appropriately at te seams and at floor level. [134]- Te fumigation site floor is impermeable to te fumigant; if it is not, gas-proof seets are laid on te floor. [135]- Te use of a vaporizer to apply metyl bromide ( ot gassing ) in order to fully volatilize te fumigant prior to its entry into te fumigation enclosure is recommended. [136]- Metyl bromide treatment is not carried out on stacked wood packaging material exceeding 20 cm in crosssection at its smallest dimension. Terefore, stacked wood packaging material may need separators to ensure adequate metyl bromide circulation and penetration. [137]- Te concentration of metyl bromide in te air space is always measured at a location furtest from te insertion point of te gas as well as at oter locations trougout te enclosure (e.g. at front bottom, centre middle and back top) to confirm tat uniform distribution of te gas is reaced. Treatment time is not calculated until uniform distribution as been reaced. International Plant Protection Convention Page 5 of 10

6 A&B Draft ISPM: Revision to Annex 1 and Annex 2 to ISPM 15 [138]- Wen calculating metyl bromide dosage, compensation is made for any gas mixtures (e.g. 2% cloropicrin) to ensure tat te total amount of metyl bromide applied meets required dose rates. [139]- Initial dose rates and post-treatment product andling procedures take account of likely metyl bromide sorption by te treated wood packaging material or associated product (e.g. polystyrene boxes). [140]- Te measured or expected temperature of te product or te ambient air immediately before or during treatment (wicever is te lowest) is used to calculate te metyl bromide dose. [141]- Wood packaging material to be fumigated is not wrapped or coated in materials impervious to te fumigant. [142]- Temperature and gas concentration sensors and data recording equipment are calibrated in accordance wit te manufacturer s instructions at a frequency specified by te NPPO. [143]- For te purposes of auditing, te treatment provider keeps records of metyl bromide treatments and calibrations for a period of time specified by te NPPO. [144]Sulpuryl fluoride treatment (treatment code for te mark: SF) [145]Wood packaging material containing a piece of wood exceeding 20 cm in cross-section at its smallest dimension must not be treated wit sulpuryl fluoride. Wood packaging material wit a moisture content iger tan 75% (dry basis) must not be treated wit sulpuryl fluoride. [146]Te fumigation of wood packaging material wit sulpuryl fluoride must be in accordance wit a scedule specified or approved by te NPPO tat acieves te minimum CT 2 over 24 or 48 ours at te target temperature and final residual concentration specified in Table 3. Tis CT must be acieved trougout te profile of te wood, including its core, altoug te concentration is measured in te ambient atmospere. Small increases in te treatment time (not more tan two ours) may be permitted to acieve te required CT if te minimum final concentration is not reaced. Te minimum temperature of te wood must not be lower tan 20 C and te minimum exposure time must not be less tan te time stated for eac temperature in Table 3. Monitoring of gas concentration must be carried out at a minimum of 2, 4, 24 and, wen appropriate, 48 ours from te beginning of te treatment. In te case of longer exposure times and weaker concentrations, additional measurements of te gas concentrations sould be recorded at te end of fumigation. [147]If te CT is not acieved witin a single 24 or 48 our period (even if te minimum final concentration is acieved), corrective action sould be taken. Te treatment time may be extended for a maximum of two ours witout adding more sulpuryl fluoride, or it may be restarted. [148]Table 3. Minimum required CT over 24 or 48 ours for wood packaging material fumigated wit sulpuryl fluoride [149]Temperature ( C) [150]Minimum required CT (g /m 3 ) [151]Minimum final concentration (g/m 3 ) [152]30 or above for 24 [153]1 400 [154]41 [155]20 or above for 48 [156]3 000 [157]29 [158] [159] If te minimum final concentration is not acieved after 24 or 48 ours by te end of te treatment, a deviation in te concentration of ~5% is permitted, provided additional treatment time is added at te end of te treatment to acieve te prescribed CT. [160]One example of a scedule tat may be used for acieving te specified requirements is sown in Table 4. [161]Table 4. Example of a treatment scedule tat acieves te minimum required CT for wood packaging material treated wit sulpuryl fluoride (initial dosage may need to be iger in conditions of ig sorption or leakage) [165]Minimum concentration (g/m 3 ) at: Page 6 of 10 International Plant Protection Convention

7 Draft ISPM: Revision to Annex 1 and Annex 2 to ISPM A&B [162]Tempera ture ( C) [163]Minim um required CT (g /m 3 ) [164]Dos age (g/m 3 ) [169]0. 5 [170]2 [171]4 [172]12 [173]24 [174]36 [175]48 [176]30 or above [177]1 400 [178]82 [179]87 [180]7 8 [181]7 3 [182]58 [183]41 [184]n/ a [185]n/ a [186]20 or above [187]3 000 [188]120 [189]12 4 [190]1 12 [191]1 04 [192]82 [193]58 [194]41 [195]29 [196] n/a, Not applicable. [197]Treatment providers sould be approved by te NPPO. NPPOs sould consider te following factors tat may be required for sulpuryl fluoride fumigation to meet te treatment requirements. [198]Fans are used as appropriate during te gas distribution pase of fumigation to ensure equilibrium is reaced, and tey are positioned to make certain tat te fumigant is rapidly and effectively distributed trougout te fumigation enclosure (preferably witin te first our of application). [199]Te fumigation enclosure is not loaded beyond 80% of its volume. [200]Te fumigation enclosure is well sealed and as gas tigt as possible. If fumigation is to be carried out under seets, tese must be made of gas-proof material and sealed appropriately at te seams and at floor level. [201]Te fumigation site floor is eiter impermeable to te fumigant or gas-proof seets are laid on te floor. [202]Wood stacks need separators at least every 20 cm to ensure adequate sulpuryl fluoride circulation and penetration. [203]Wen calculating sulpuryl fluoride dosage, compensation is made for any gas mixtures (e.g. carbon dioxide) to ensure tat te total amount of pure fumigant applied meets te requirements prescribed in te standard. [204]Te concentration of sulpuryl fluoride in te air space is always measured at a location furtest from te insertion point of te gas as well as at oter locations trougout te enclosure (e.g. at front bottom, centre middle and back top) to confirm tat uniform distribution of te gas is reaced. Treatment time is not calculated until uniform distribution as been reaced. [205]Initial dosage and post-treatment product andling procedures take into account likely sulpuryl fluoride sorption by te treated wood packaging material or associated product. [206]Te measured temperature of te product or te ambient air (wicever is lower) is used to calculate te sulpuryl fluoride dosage, and te temperature of te product must be at least 20 C (including at te wood core) trougout te duration of te treatment. [207]Wood packaging material to be fumigated is not wrapped or coated in materials impervious to te fumigant. [208]Temperature and gas concentration sensors and data recording equipment are calibrated in accordance wit te manufacturer s instructions at a frequency specified by te NPPO. Instruments used for measuring te concentration of sulpuryl fluoride may be affected by altitude, water vapour, carbon dioxide or temperature. Tese instruments need to be calibrated specifically for sulpuryl fluoride. International Plant Protection Convention Page 7 of 10

8 A&B Draft ISPM: Revision to Annex 1 and Annex 2 to ISPM 15 [209]For te purpose of auditing, te treatment provider keeps records of sulpuryl fluoride treatments and calibrations for a period of time specified by te NPPO. [210]Personnel applying fumigation treatment sould follow te label requirements for use of sulpuryl fluoride. [211]Adoption of alternative treatments and revisions of approved treatment scedules [212]As new tecnical information becomes available, existing treatments may be reviewed and modified, and alternative treatments or a new treatment scedule for wood packaging material may be adopted by te CPM. If a new treatment or a revised treatment scedule is adopted for wood packaging material and incorporated into tis ISPM, material treated under te previous treatment and/or scedule does not need to be re-treated or re-marked. Page 8 of 10 International Plant Protection Convention

9 Draft ISPM: Revision to Annex 1 and Annex 2 to ISPM A&B Tis revised Annex 2 was adopted by te XXt Session of te Commission on Pytosanitary Measures in [mont] [year]. [213] ANNEX 2: Te mark and its application Te annex is a prescriptive part of te standard. [214]A mark indicating tat wood packaging material as been subjected to approved pytosanitary treatment in accordance wit tis standard 35 comprises te following required components: [215]- te symbol [216]- a country code [217]- a producer/treatment provider code [218]- a treatment code using te appropriate abbreviation according to Annex 1 (HT, DH, MB or SF). [219]Symbol [220]Te design of te symbol (wic may ave been registered under national, regional or international procedures, as eiter a trademark or a certification/collective/guarantee mark) must resemble closely tat sown in te examples illustrated below and must be presented to te left of te oter components. [221]Country code [222]Te country code must be te International Organization for Standards (ISO) two-letter country code (sown in te examples as XX ). It must be separated by a ypen from te producer/treatment provider code. [223]Producer/treatment provider code [224]Te producer/treatment provider code is a unique code assigned by te NPPO to te producer of te wood packaging material or treatment provider wo applies te marks or te entity oterwise responsible to te NPPO for ensuring tat appropriately treated wood is used and properly marked (sown in te examples as 000 ). Te number and order of digits and/or letters are assigned by te NPPO. [225]Treatment code [226]Te treatment code is an IPPC abbreviation as provided in Annex 1 for te approved measure used and sown in te examples as YY. Te treatment code must appear after te combined country and producer/treatment provider codes. It must appear on a separate line from te country code and producer/treatment provider code, or be separated by a ypen if presented on te same line as te oter codes. [227]Treatment code [229]HT [228]Treatment type [230]Heat treatment [231]DH [233]MB [235]SF [232]Dielectric eating [234]Metyl bromide [236]Sulpuryl fluoride 3 At import, countries sould accept previously produced wood packaging material carrying a mark consistent wit earlier versions of tis standard. International Plant Protection Convention Page 9 of 10

10 A&B Draft ISPM: Revision to Annex 1 and Annex 2 to ISPM 15 [237]Application of te mark [238]Te size, font types used, and position of te mark may vary, but its size must be sufficient to be bot visible and legible to inspectors witout te use of a visual aid. Te mark must be rectangular or square in sape and contained witin a border line wit a vertical line separating te symbol from te code components. To facilitate te use of stencilling, small gaps in te border, te vertical line, and elsewere among te components of te mark, may be present. [239]No oter information sall be contained witin te border of te mark. If additional marks (e.g. trademarks of te producer, logo of te autorizing body) are considered useful to protect te use of te mark on a national level, suc information may be provided adjacent to but outside of te border of te mark. [240]Te mark must be: [241]- legible [242]- durable and not transferable [243]- placed in a location tat is visible wen te wood packaging is in use, preferably on at least two opposite sides of te wood packaging unit. [244]Te mark must not be and drawn. [245]Te use of red or orange sould be avoided because tese colours are used in te labelling of dangerous goods. [246]Were various components are integrated into a unit of wood packaging material, te resultant composite unit sould be considered as a single unit for marking purposes. On a composite unit of wood packaging material made of bot treated wood and processed wood material (were te processed component does not require treatment), it may be appropriate for te mark to appear on te processed wood material components to ensure tat te mark is in a visible location and is of a sufficient size. Tis approac to te application of te mark applies only to composite single units, not to temporary assemblies of wood packaging material. [247]Special consideration of legible application of te mark to dunnage may be necessary because treated wood for use as dunnage may not be cut to final lengt until loading of a conveyance takes place. It is important tat sippers ensure tat all dunnage used to secure or support commodities is treated and displays te mark described in tis annex, and tat te marks are clear and legible. Small pieces of wood tat do not include all te required elements of te mark sould not be used for dunnage. Options for marking dunnage appropriately include: [248]- application of te mark to pieces of wood intended for use as dunnage along teir entire lengt at very sort intervals (NB: were very small pieces are subsequently cut for use as dunnage, te cuts sould be made so tat an entire mark is present on te dunnage used.) [249]- additional application of te mark to treated dunnage in a visible location after cutting, provided tat te sipper is autorized in accordance wit section 4. [250]Te examples below illustrate some acceptable variants of te required components of te mark tat is used to certify tat te wood packaging material tat bears suc a mark as been subjected to an approved treatment. No variations in te symbol sould be accepted. Variations in te layout of te mark sould be accepted provided tat tey meet te requirements set out in tis annex. Page 10 of 10 International Plant Protection Convention

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