When Worlds Collide The peopling of North America

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "When Worlds Collide The peopling of North America"

Transcription

1 When Worlds Collide The peopling of North America Why not Columbia? 16 th century explorer Amerigo Vespucci wrote to the Medici family about the wonders of the New World The letter was re-published throughout Europe Shortly after, many began to refer to the new world as America Nomenclature The word Indian was applied by Columbus, who thought the natives he encountered were the people of the East Indies Native american has problems First Peoples is slightly better Peoples in Motion Various peoples migrated to North America long before Europeans Ice age: Laurentide Glaciation Water in glaciers = Ergo, lower sea levels Areas now submerged were dry land Different Geographies Light blue areas were dry land at the last glacial maximum : dry land between Siberia & Alaska, now underwater miles wide, it was home to generations of people Thought to be the principal route of migration to North America Other routes are likely, but probably not as heavily used Polynesians, Easter Island Solutrean Hypothesis Chinese navigators 1

2 Peoples in Motion Probably arrived in three waves First perhaps 20-25,000 years ago Middle a few thousand years later Last after 7,000 B.C. See: peopling-the-arctic/ Settling the Americas Migration patterns led the people southward into warmer climates. Most tribes lived by hunting & gathering Those who settled along the coast used boats made from animal skins for fishing Great Extinction & the Rise of Agriculture Earliest migrants found a number of large animal species Clovis-type spear point Folsom point the Rise of Agriculture Native lives were transformed by agriculture after 4000 B.C. (maybe earlier) Neolithic hunter-gatherer societies gradually adapted to permanent villages About 3,500 years ago Sex-segregated jobs within communities American Cornucopia Maize was one of the most important crops in the Americas Bred from wild grasses in central Mexican highlands Pumpkins & squash; chilies, beans, tomatoes, potatoes, peanuts all new types of crops the old world had never seen 2

3 The Three Sisters various types of maize were bred for different climates & soil types Beans were grown with the maize so the vines could climb the stalks beans also regenerated the soil, which helped the maize,, & were known as the Three Sisters Milpas A milpa was a field where crops (usually maize, beans, & squash) were planted all together Normally 2 years of planting & 8 lying fallow Milpas are still used throughout mesoamerica Chinampas In other locations, floating gardens called Chinampas were constructed using dredged soil from lakes & ponds on a mat of twigs Maize was planted & grew quite well Chinampas were fertile enough for three years of planting Terrace farming Terrace farming was used in regions where flat level land was not available (e.g., Incan empire) Stone walls would hold soil fill & allow farming on a stair stepped mountainside Domesticated Animals Early American populations had domesticated animals, but no large draft animals Llamas guinea pigs Muscovy duck Turkeys Dogs 3

4 Sedentary Cultures None of the most advanced cultures were migratory No individual ownership of land among any Indian society Despite increasing sophistication, Indian societies remained Stone Age Three distinct cultures Adena Ohio Hopewell Mississippian North American Mound Builders Adena Culture several related Pre-Columbian Native American societies known as early Woodland Period flourished ~1000 BC to 200 BC notable for agriculture, pottery, art, & trading network (from Great Lakes to the Gulf Coast) mostly in midwest (Ohio R. valley) shared a complex burial & ceremonial system Ohio Hopewell Several related cultures flourished in Ohio R. valley ~200 BCE to 500 CE (Middle Woodland period) related populations connected by network of trade routes: the Hopewell Exchange System Traded from southeastern US to the Canadian shores of Lake Ontario received exotic materials from all over the US shark and grizzly bear teeth, pearls, sea shells, copper, and small quantities of silver created some of the Americas finest craftwork & artwork: more varied than the Adena 4

5 Ohio Hopewell Burial mounds were large, feet high sometimes oriented to sun or stars graves contained necklaces, carvings, ceremonial pottery, ear plugs, & pendants Presumed to have religious significance circa 500 A.D. Hopewell trade ended, mound building stopped, art no longer produced numerous theories, but no one really knows why Mississippian Culture mound-building peoples flourished in the Midwest, East, & Southeast ~800 C.E. to 1500 C.E. Flat-top pyramid mounds usually square, rectangular, or occasionally circular Atop were houses, temples, burial buildings, etc. Maize-based agriculture Corn plus beans, squash, etc. Widespread trade networks From the Rockies to the Atlantic, & the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico institutionalized social inequality i.e., a stratified social structure some high-born, some low settlement hierarchy a major center (with mounds), surrounded by smaller, less important settlements lacked writing or stone structures if available, they could work metal (e.g. copper nuggets) 5

6 didn't smelt iron or make bronze Some scholars divide Mississippian cultures into three phases Middle Mississippian ( C.E.) considered the high point Featured complex chiefdoms major urban centers (Cahokia, Moundville) widespread religious art & belief systems Cahokia Cahokia was the largest city north of Mesoamerica Its largest mound was some 10 stories high Late Mississippian (after ~1400) characterized by warfare, political turmoil, & population movement Cahokia broke up (circa ) It was wracked by floods & earthquakes & finally lost its population By 1500, most populations were dispersed or under stress Further Information Moundville (Ala.) Archaeological Park ua.edu/ Hopewell Culture NHP (Ohio) 6

7 Southwestern American Cultures The Hohokam Lived in central Arizona, approx. 1 st century C.E C.E. Sophisticated irrigation Manufactured cotton cloth & distinctive red pottery Declined around 1450 C.E., likely due to water shortages Anasazi The Anasazi lived in New Mexico & Colorado, ~100 C.E. to ~1500 C.E. Cliff-dwelling people Flourished for centuries, then began to decline in last quarter of 13th century Likely ancestors of modern Pueblo Indian tribes Mogollon The Mogollon lived in modern Az, NM, & northern Mexico ~200 C.E. to ~1450 C.E. Noted for large, partially underground Kivas Decline began in 12th century, collapsed by the middle of the 15th century Mesoamerica: Cycles of Cultures MesoAmerica: area from Central Mexico to El Salvador Includes cultures of the Maya, Aztec, and Olmec Initially, small settlements of around 1,000 people The Olmecs The Olmecs thrived ~ BCE Appear to have been hierarchical & dominated by Priest-Kings Jaguars played a significant role in their religious beliefs 7

8 The Olmecs practiced ritual blood letting & fierce games, loser dies The Olmecs language is uncertain Even the name Olmec is Nahuatl for rubber people What they called themselves, who knows The Olmecs died out around 200 bce, probably due to climate change, soil exhaustion, or war Toetihuacan Toetihuacan: in mountains outside of present-day Mexico City Zapotecan-speaking peoples established a large religious center with temples & decorated tombs at Teotihuacán had a substantial population In the center of Teotihuacán were pyramids built of sundried bricks & faced with stone by 450 C.E., population ~200,000 Larger than most cities in Europe known for brightly painted murals Governed by senate, not Monarch Suddenly destroyed around A.D. 550; reasons unclear The Aztecs and Tenochtitlan Aztecs: a warrior culture based in Central Mexico Waged perpetual war to gain captives for religious ceremonies Made many enemies among peoples of Mesoamerica Tenochtitlán: Aztec capital, in the middle of Lake Texcoco Lake Texcoco partially freshwater, partially brackish Aztecs built roads (causeways) across lake to Tenochtitlán Parts of lake were floating gardens called chinampas Very productive, multiple harvests per year 8

9 The City of Tenochtitlán Tenochtitlán was the largest Aztec city nearly 60,000 households with a possible total of 250,000 people On the central square stood the temple of Huitzilopochtli, which dominated the city skyline The city maintained a busy marketplace where individuals bought & sold a wide variety of items According to Cortés, nearly 60,000 people came daily Aztec Culture Aztecs demanded tribute from surrounding areas Neighboring peoples required to provide food, raw materials (gold, silver, turquoise, feathers) At time of European contact, ruled by Moctezuma (also called Montezuma) Religion & War in Aztec Society war was an article of religious faith Their religion devotion to it gave them advantages over more peaceful groups The polytheistic religion included the warrior god Huitzilopochtli The Aztec believed the sun needed human blood to be kept moving human sacrifice was a sacred duty Most victims were prisoners of war or hostages for sacrifice Priests who seemed able to understand omens had great power & respect Social Distinctions Among Aztecs Aztec society focused on violence When a male child was born, the umbilical cord was buried with arrows & a shield As they grew up, boys were trained in using spears, bows & arrows 9

10 Aztec warriors were raised to live on little food & sleep, & to accept pain without complaint Male status was based on his success as a warrior Women had lower status & were restricted to domestic duties Slaves were used extensively for road & temple construction & menial work Take-aways All societies in the Americas prior to 1492 are Pre- Columbian Some Exhibited a very high level of sophistication & accomplishment Calendars, astronomy, mathematics Take-aways Even so, pre-columbian peoples as of 1492 were Paleolithic (did not have iron or steel) did not use wheels, except on toys Often fought over food resources Had no immunity to European diseases 10

Slide 1. Slide 2. Slide 3

Slide 1. Slide 2. Slide 3 Slide 1 Student Handouts, Inc. www.studenthandouts.com Slide 2 Paleo-Indians Paleo from palaios ( ancient in Greek) Indians from Columbus mistake Beringia Ice sheet across the Bering Strait that connected

More information

The Native American Experience

The Native American Experience The Native American Experience NATIVE PEOPLE AND GROUPS The First Americans Archaeologists believe that migrants from Asia crossed a land bridge between Siberia and Alaska sometime between 13,000 and 3,000

More information

SSWH8 The student will demonstrate an understanding of the development of societies in Central and South America.

SSWH8 The student will demonstrate an understanding of the development of societies in Central and South America. SSWH8 The student will demonstrate an understanding of the development of societies in Central and South America. a. Explain the rise and fall of the Olmec, Mayan, Aztec, and Inca empires. Olmecs were

More information

9/12/16. Lesson 2-1 Notes: Early People

9/12/16. Lesson 2-1 Notes: Early People 9/12/16 Lesson 2-1 Notes: Early People Lesson Objectives Identify possible explanations of how people came to live in the Americas. Explain how early peoples in the Americas lived, hunted, and farmed.

More information

MAYANS. The Mayans lived on the Yucatan Peninsula (in brown, right). This civilization flourished between 300 and 900 CE.

MAYANS. The Mayans lived on the Yucatan Peninsula (in brown, right). This civilization flourished between 300 and 900 CE. MAYANS The Mayans lived on the Yucatan Peninsula (in brown, right). This civilization flourished between 300 and 900 CE. The Mayans had one of the most advanced civilizations in the Americas. They built

More information

North American Native Americans

North American Native Americans North American Native Americans Introduction While the civilizations of the Maya, Aztec, and Inca were flourishing in Mesoamerica and South America, distinct civilizations were also emerging in North America.

More information

Lesson 1: Migration to the Americas

Lesson 1: Migration to the Americas Lesson 1 Summary Lesson 1: Migration to the Americas Use with pages 54 57. Vocabulary Ice Age a long period of extreme cold glacier a thick sheet of ice migrate to move theory an explanation for something

More information

Prof. Ruthie García Vera Historia de Estados Unidos. Ancient Cultures of North America

Prof. Ruthie García Vera Historia de Estados Unidos. Ancient Cultures of North America Prof. Ruthie García Vera Historia de Estados Unidos Ancient Cultures of North America Three groups dominate the oldest period of North American prehistory: The Hohokam The Anasazi The Mound Builders *the

More information

Ancient Civilizations of North America. Prof. Ruthie García Vera Historia de Estados Unidos

Ancient Civilizations of North America. Prof. Ruthie García Vera Historia de Estados Unidos Ancient Civilizations of North America Prof. Ruthie García Vera Historia de Estados Unidos Three groups dominate the oldest period of North American prehistory: The Hohokam The Anasazi The Mound Builders

More information

2.1 Why and how did humans first come to north America?

2.1 Why and how did humans first come to north America? 2.1 Why and how did humans first come to north America? Objective you are going to analyze 10 native cultures of North and South America. The Many Native groups in America had a wide variety of beliefs

More information

Early Civilizations of Middle America. Chapter 2, Section 1

Early Civilizations of Middle America. Chapter 2, Section 1 Early Civilizations of Middle America Chapter 2, Section 1 The Mayas and the Aztecs Map pg. 39 What color represents the Mayas? The Aztecs? What are the current day locations? Were the two civilizations

More information

The First Americans. Lesson 1: The Search for Early Peoples. All images found in this PPT were found at Google.

The First Americans. Lesson 1: The Search for Early Peoples. All images found in this PPT were found at Google. The First Americans Lesson 1: The Search for Early Peoples All images found in this PPT were found at Google. A. Over the Land 1. During Ages a. long, hard b. skin shelters with fires inside c. summers

More information

Before Contact with Europeans

Before Contact with Europeans Before Contact with Europeans Introduction Migration to the Americas Early migrations from northern Asia to Alaska occurred 35,000 to 15,000 years ago Some contact with Polynesians possible Geography Great

More information

The World before the Opening of the Atlantic BEGINNINGS 1500

The World before the Opening of the Atlantic BEGINNINGS 1500 The World before the Opening of the Atlantic BEGINNINGS 1500 What you will Learn Buffalo graze on the plains in South Dakota. Millions of these animals used to roam lands from Canada to Texas. In this

More information

The Civilizations of America

The Civilizations of America The Civilizations of America advanced societies were developing in isolation in the Americas While classical civilizations were developing in the Mediterranean & Asia Text Title During the Neolithic Revolution,

More information

Name Class Date. Down 1. The Maya built these buildings to. 2. The Aztec leader killed by the. 4. He and his troops conquered the

Name Class Date. Down 1. The Maya built these buildings to. 2. The Aztec leader killed by the. 4. He and his troops conquered the Name Class Date The Early Americas BIG IDEAS 1. The Maya developed a civilization that thrived in Mesoamerica from about 250 until the 900s. 2. The strong Aztec Empire, founded in central Mexico in 1325,

More information

THREE WORLDS MEET CHAPTER 1 SECTION 1: PEOPLING THE AMERICAS SECTION 2: NORTH AMERICAN SOCIETIES AROUND Mitten CSHS AMAZ History Semester 1

THREE WORLDS MEET CHAPTER 1 SECTION 1: PEOPLING THE AMERICAS SECTION 2: NORTH AMERICAN SOCIETIES AROUND Mitten CSHS AMAZ History Semester 1 THREE WORLDS MEET CHAPTER 1 SECTION 1: PEOPLING THE AMERICAS SECTION 2: NORTH AMERICAN SOCIETIES AROUND 1492 Mitten CSHS AMAZ History Semester 1 Peopling the Americas Three Worlds Meet Main Idea - In ancient

More information

Student Handout #4: Era 3 Societies around the World. The Olmec:

Student Handout #4: Era 3 Societies around the World. The Olmec: Student Handout #4: Era 3 Societies around the World As you read about four different societies below, think about your claims related to empires from Student Handout #3. What are important features for

More information

Grade 6 Chapter 6 Social Studies Notes

Grade 6 Chapter 6 Social Studies Notes Grade 6 Chapter 6 Social Studies Notes Lesson 1 1. The geography of the Americas gave rise to complex cultures. a. They came from northern Asia and followed game across a land bridge to what is now called

More information

Ancient Mayans. KP Classroom

Ancient Mayans. KP Classroom Ancient Mayans The Mayans were an ancient American group of people that lived in areas of Central America and Mexico from 1500 BC until around 900 AD. Because the Mayans were untouched by other people

More information

WESTERN HEMISPHERE CIVILIZATIONS. Isolation from Eastern Hemisphere

WESTERN HEMISPHERE CIVILIZATIONS. Isolation from Eastern Hemisphere THE AMERICAS WESTERN HEMISPHERE CIVILIZATIONS Isolation from Eastern Hemisphere c. 250 CE c. 900 CE Heirs of Olmecs Ceremonial center at Kaminaljuyu (held a relationship with Teotihuacan) Large cities

More information

Basic parts of a friendly letter: Heading, greeting, body, closing, and signature

Basic parts of a friendly letter: Heading, greeting, body, closing, and signature Name Grading Criteria Basic parts of a friendly letter: Heading, greeting, body, closing, and signature (10 points) Ideas: 1. Why should your family give you more resources to explore the area and civilization?

More information

EARLY AMERICAS. Ice age and the Olmec

EARLY AMERICAS. Ice age and the Olmec EARLY AMERICAS Ice age and the Olmec LAND BRIDGE Beringia- Land bridge that connects Asia and America. Large glaciers during the Ice Age locked up water so that it was possible to walk across on land Animals

More information

Cities and Empires:Great Civilizations of

Cities and Empires:Great Civilizations of Cities and Empires:Great Civilizations of Mexico, Central America, and South America Guiding Question: What civilizations in Mexico, Central America, and South America predated the arrival of Europeans?

More information

Georgia s Prehistoric Cultures

Georgia s Prehistoric Cultures Georgia s Prehistoric Cultures Objective: I will be able to describe the growth of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact. B.C.-A.D. or B.C.E.-C.E.?????

More information

Plain Local 5 th Grade Social Studies SLO

Plain Local 5 th Grade Social Studies SLO Plain Local 5 th Grade Social Studies SLO Early Civilizations of Western Hemisphere 1. Short Answer: Describe two reasons why the Mayans designed their cities using this layout. Use the picture below to

More information

Chapter 7 The Settlement of the Americas and the Pacific Islands

Chapter 7 The Settlement of the Americas and the Pacific Islands Chapter 7 The Settlement of the Americas and the Pacific Islands p81 The Earliest Americans Three to four waves of migrants, 30,000-10000 BCE First Amerindian group from probably from northeast Asia Ancestors

More information

Peoples and Civilizations of the Americas

Peoples and Civilizations of the Americas Peoples and Civilizations of the Americas 600-1500 Teotihuacan Teotihuacan was a large Mesoamerican city at the height of its power in 450 600 c.e. The city had a population of 125,000 to 200,000 inhabitants

More information

Government city-states

Government city-states Government All Maya people shared the same religious beliefs, had the same social structure, and used the same written language. However, they lived in different city-states (a Maya city and the land it

More information

Lesson 3 - North American Peoples. What Makes a Culture Unique?

Lesson 3 - North American Peoples. What Makes a Culture Unique? Lesson 3 - North American Peoples What Makes a Culture Unique? Early Native American groups of North America adapted to their environments Advanced cultures developed in parts of North America long before

More information

WARM-UP: HUNTER- GATHERERS. What is a hunter-gatherer? Who hunts? Who gathers? What is hunted? What is gathered? How will you get these things?

WARM-UP: HUNTER- GATHERERS. What is a hunter-gatherer? Who hunts? Who gathers? What is hunted? What is gathered? How will you get these things? WARM-UP: HUNTER- GATHERERS What is a hunter-gatherer? Who hunts? Who gathers? What is hunted? What is gathered? How will you get these things? PALEOLITHIC & NEOLITHIC REVOLUTION Societies Begin HOMOSAPIENS

More information

Chapter 1 Worlds Apart

Chapter 1 Worlds Apart 1 Chapter 1 Worlds Apart Practice Test 1. Africans primarily came to early European settlements in America A) voluntarily. B) to find employment. C) as slaves. D) looking for trading partners. 2. What

More information

List any questions that you have pertaining about the Economics Unit we just finished.

List any questions that you have pertaining about the Economics Unit we just finished. Unit 2: Native American Cultures Do now Beringia Native American Cultures Exit slip The Arrival of Men (worksheet) I can explain the Beringia Land Theory. American Heritage: Native Americans 21:52 By:

More information

Aztecs arrived in the Valley of Mexico in 1100s (central Mexico, including present day Mexico City).

Aztecs arrived in the Valley of Mexico in 1100s (central Mexico, including present day Mexico City). Part One Aztecs arrived in the Valley of Mexico in 1100s (central Mexico, including present day Mexico City). They wandered about looking for a home site until 1325. Aztecs finally settled on an island

More information

Cultures of North America

Cultures of North America Cultures of North America Focus Question: How did geography influence the development of cultures in North America? AD Sep 7 5:50 PM Mississippian Mound Builders 12 areas in Mississippi Mississippian Mound

More information

Score / Name: P: CHAPTER 1 BELLWORK

Score / Name: P: CHAPTER 1 BELLWORK Score / Name: P: CHAPTER 1 BELLWORK Lesson 1 The First Americans: Migration to the Americas (Pages 1-4 in the Red Book) Reminder: Rephrase the question to form your answer. By the end of this lesson you

More information

North American Societies

North American Societies Name CHAPTER 16 Section 1 (pages 441 445) North American Societies BEFORE YOU READ In the last section, you read about diverse societies in Africa. In this section, you will read about diverse societies

More information

Beginning of Man Stone Age Vocabulary

Beginning of Man Stone Age Vocabulary Beginning of Man Stone Age Vocabulary Paleolithic Era DEF: Old Stone Age CONNECT: Stone Age time tools were poorly made of stone Neolithic Era DEF: New Stone Age CONNECT: time tools were carefully made

More information

Settling the Americas

Settling the Americas Settling the Americas The First Settlers About 800,000 years ago, water froze and formed glaciers that covered most of the Northern Hemisphere. That frigid period in Earth s history is known as the Ice

More information

Religions of the Boyne City and the Charlevoix County area

Religions of the Boyne City and the Charlevoix County area Religions of the Boyne City and the Charlevoix County area The Mound Builders The Mound Builders is a term used to describe First Nation's cultures that built earthen burial mounds and other earthworks

More information

Chapter 1 The First Americans. Section 1 Early Peoples

Chapter 1 The First Americans. Section 1 Early Peoples Chapter 1 The First Americans Section 1 Early Peoples How did the first people arrive? By A.D. 1500, millions of Native Americans lived on the continents of North & South America. One theory was that these

More information

Name Period. Maya, Aztec & Inca Civilizations Latin America Notes. The Maya

Name Period. Maya, Aztec & Inca Civilizations Latin America Notes. The Maya Name Period Maya, Aztec & Inca Civilizations Latin America Notes Class Objective: The Maya From. is known as the of Mayan civilization. Mayan Geography Central America: Rugged terrain, hilly Tropical Climate

More information

Chapter 5. Early Society in East Asia. 2011, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter 5. Early Society in East Asia. 2011, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Chapter 5 Early Society in East Asia 2011, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 The Yellow River Huang He Deposits fertile, light-colored soil Periodic flooding: China s sorrow 2011,

More information

The Aztec Empire: The Last Great Native Civilization in Mesoamerica

The Aztec Empire: The Last Great Native Civilization in Mesoamerica The Aztec Empire: The Last Great Native Civilization in Mesoamerica By History.com, adapted by Newsela staff on 08.20.17 Word Count 665 Level 790L An Aztec dancer poses for a photo during a ceremony celebrating

More information

Maya, Inca, Aztec. Notes

Maya, Inca, Aztec. Notes Maya, Inca, Aztec Notes Directions Ok. This homework is on you. ANYTHING YOU ADD TO YOUR NOTES MUST BE DONE IN A DIFFERENT COLORED WRITING UTENSIL 1. Reread the text and compare it to the information powerpoints;

More information

Civilizations of Middle America LEARNING TARGETS

Civilizations of Middle America LEARNING TARGETS Civilizations of Middle America LEARNING TARGETS I can find out what Mayan civilization was like Learn and explain how the Aztecs built their empire Show what kind of society they created Explain what

More information

The Americas. Aztec Golden age lasted between Inca -Golden age lasted between Maya -Golden age spanned between 300A.D. -900A.D.

The Americas. Aztec Golden age lasted between Inca -Golden age lasted between Maya -Golden age spanned between 300A.D. -900A.D. The Americas Aztec Golden age lasted between 1440-1521 Inca -Golden age lasted between 1438-1532 Maya -Golden age spanned between 300A.D. -900A.D. Inca Geography -Sentered in Cuzco, Peru. -Stretched along

More information

They built a magnificent city called Tenochtitlan (now Mexico City).

They built a magnificent city called Tenochtitlan (now Mexico City). Aztecs arrived in the Valley of Mexico in 1100s (central Mexico, including present day Mexico City). They built a magnificent city called Tenochtitlan (now Mexico City). Diorama of Tenochtitlan This was

More information

The Earliest Americans. Chapter 1 Section 1

The Earliest Americans. Chapter 1 Section 1 The Earliest Americans Chapter 1 Section 1 Terms to Know Migration a movement of people or animals from one region to another Environments--climates and landscapes that surround living things Culture--

More information

CIVILIZATIONS OF EARLY CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA

CIVILIZATIONS OF EARLY CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA CIVILIZATIONS OF EARLY CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA STANDARD 6-4.3: COMPARE THE CONTRIBUTIONS AND THE DECLINE OF THE MAYA, AZTEC, AND INCA CIVILIZATIONS IN CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA, INCLUDING THEIR FORMS

More information

Mesopotamia: Land Between the Rivers. Mesopotamia

Mesopotamia: Land Between the Rivers. Mesopotamia Mesopotamia: Land Between the Rivers Mesopotamia The many people of Mesopotamia 1. Sumerians (ancient Sumer s city-states) (3000 B.C. - 1800 B.C.) 2. Babylonians (Babylonian Empire) (1800 B.C. - 1200 B.C.

More information

hapter 3 Lesson 1: The Earliest Texan

hapter 3 Lesson 1: The Earliest Texan hapter 3 Lesson 1: The Earliest Texan Immigrating to Texas Various theories that historians believed early people came to Texas: 1. Sailed from the Eastern Hemisphere 2. Traveled across the North Atlantic

More information

February 10, Study Guide

February 10, Study Guide Epic Epic Epic Study Guide "Hands down, this is the best study guide I've ever seen," - Abraham Lincoln Bonjour! I wish I were alive today so that I myself might be able to complete this study guide. Au

More information

December 11, Study Guide

December 11, Study Guide Epic Epic Epic Study Guide "Hands down, this is the best study guide I've ever seen," - Abraham Lincoln Bonjour! I wish I were alive today so that I myself might be able to complete this study guide. Au

More information

Study Guide: Sunshine State Standards

Study Guide: Sunshine State Standards Study Guide: Chapter 1, Section 1 For use with textbook pages 16 19 EARLY PEOPLES KEY TERMS archaeology The study of ancient peoples (page 17) artifact Ice Age Objects left behind by early peoples, such

More information

Ancient Cultures of North America. Prof. Ruthie García Vera AP US History

Ancient Cultures of North America. Prof. Ruthie García Vera AP US History Ancient Cultures of North America Prof. Ruthie García Vera AP US History Arctic/Subarctic Peoples Inuit living in the arctic region are descendants of a prehistoric hunting society that spread across Canada

More information

Competition for a Continent Why did early French and English efforts at colonization falter?

Competition for a Continent Why did early French and English efforts at colonization falter? 1 2 3 Worlds Apart Native American Societies before 1492 How did the precontact histories of Native Americans, especially in the centuries just before 1492, shape their encounters with Europeans? West

More information

Were the Aztecs really that brutal? Basic Introduction to the Aztecs. The Aztecs

Were the Aztecs really that brutal? Basic Introduction to the Aztecs. The Aztecs Basic Introduction to the Aztecs The Aztecs Were the Aztecs really that brutal? found their city. Who were they? The Aztecs were a very successful ancient civilisation who lived in what is now central

More information

Civilizations of the Americas

Civilizations of the Americas Copyright 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved. Chapter 7, Section World History: Connection to Today Chapter 7 Civilizations of the

More information

Assessment: From Hunters and Gatherers to Farmers

Assessment: From Hunters and Gatherers to Farmers Name Date Assessment: From Hunters and Gatherers to Farmers Mastering the Content Select the letter next to the best answer. 1. What change began the Neolithic Age, about 8000 B.C.E.? A. trading B. hunting

More information

Unit 1 A New World Rising Grade 5 Social Studies/ELA Curriculum Lesson 3: Great Civilizations Emerge in the Americas.

Unit 1 A New World Rising Grade 5 Social Studies/ELA Curriculum Lesson 3: Great Civilizations Emerge in the Americas. Aztec Religion One of the most important aspects of Aztec religion was the sun. The Aztecs called themselves the "People of the Sun". They felt that in order for the sun to rise each day the Aztecs needed

More information

The First Civilizations Unit 1. Ancient and Classical Civilizations AP World History

The First Civilizations Unit 1. Ancient and Classical Civilizations AP World History The First Civilizations Unit 1. Ancient and Classical Civilizations AP World History Essential Question How did the first civilizations form and what were their achievements? Specific Objectives " Identify

More information

made it seem like a bad location at first glance)

made it seem like a bad location at first glance) Early Americas ! Yucatan Peninsula (modern day Guatemala)! Dense rainforest blocked out the sun (which made it seem like a bad location at first glance)! Swamps and sinkholes provided the Maya with a

More information

The First People. The Big Idea Prehistoric people learned to adapt to their environment, to make simple tools, to use fire, and to use language.

The First People. The Big Idea Prehistoric people learned to adapt to their environment, to make simple tools, to use fire, and to use language. The First People The Big Idea Prehistoric people learned to adapt to their environment, to make simple tools, to use fire, and to use language. Main Ideas Scientists study the remains of early humans to

More information

Note Taking Study Guide UNDERSTANDING OUR PAST

Note Taking Study Guide UNDERSTANDING OUR PAST SECTION Note Taking Study Guide UNDERSTANDING OUR PAST Focus Question: What have scholars learned about the ancestors of humans, and how have they done so? A. As you read Studying the Historical Past and

More information

Kingdoms & Trading States of Medieval Africa

Kingdoms & Trading States of Medieval Africa Kingdoms & Trading States of Medieval Africa Early Societies in West Africa 500-1600 CE Table of Contents Background Africa s Four Climate Zones Africa s Four Vegetation Zones Africa s Vegetation Map Early

More information

First Humans of Utah NOTES #1

First Humans of Utah NOTES #1 First Humans of Utah NOTES #1 History History is the study of the past. It deals with written records or accounts. PREHISTORIC: Term used referring to people who lived before white explorers and missionaries

More information

Aztec and Inca Review

Aztec and Inca Review Aztec and Inca Review Why take the risk? The Spanish took the great risk of exploring unknown land because: They wanted to obtain more gold and silver. They wanted to claim more land. They wanted to spread

More information

World Civilizations: Latin America Spring 2016 Mesoamerica Before Europeans Initial Migration Earliest human like creature in Africa 2 million years

World Civilizations: Latin America Spring 2016 Mesoamerica Before Europeans Initial Migration Earliest human like creature in Africa 2 million years World Civilizations: Latin America Spring 2016 Mesoamerica Before Europeans Initial Migration Earliest human like creature in Africa 2 million years ago 1 million years ago: first migration out of Africa

More information

The study of past societies through an analysis of what people have left behind.

The study of past societies through an analysis of what people have left behind. The study of past societies through an analysis of what people have left behind. Artifacts are those things that people left behind, they can include: Tools and Weapons Pottery Jewelry Art and Sculpture

More information

7th Grade US History Standard #7H117 Do Now Day #17

7th Grade US History Standard #7H117 Do Now Day #17 Course: US History/Ms. Brown Homeroom: 7th Grade US History Standard #7H117 Do Now Day #17 Aims: SWBAT read and analyze a map locating representative Native American populations SWBAT compare how geography

More information

netw rks Where in the world? When did it happen? The First Americans Lesson 1 Migration to the Americas ESSENTIAL QUESTION GUIDING QUESTIONS

netw rks Where in the world? When did it happen? The First Americans Lesson 1 Migration to the Americas ESSENTIAL QUESTION GUIDING QUESTIONS Lesson 1 Migration to the Americas ESSENTIAL QUESTION What are characteristics that make up a culture? GUIDING QUESTIONS 1. Who were the first Americans and how did they live? 2. How did agriculture change

More information

GEOGRAPHY OF THE FERTILE CRESENT

GEOGRAPHY OF THE FERTILE CRESENT GEOGRAPHY OF THE FERTILE CRESENT The Land Between the Rivers: The first civilization in the fertile crescent was Mesopotamia. It was located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. In Sumer, as in Egypt,

More information

The Stone Ages and Early Cultures 5,000,000 years ago 5,000 years ago

The Stone Ages and Early Cultures 5,000,000 years ago 5,000 years ago The Stone Ages and Early Cultures 5,000,000 years ago 5,000 years ago Section 1 P. 28-34 Prehistory - the time before writing Archaeologists & anthropologists do the research Hominids - early ancestors

More information

Name AP World Summer Institute Assignment, 2015 Ms. Scalera. 1.) Define: bipedalism, primary source and Paleolithic Age.

Name AP World Summer Institute Assignment, 2015 Ms. Scalera. 1.) Define: bipedalism, primary source and Paleolithic Age. Name AP World Summer Institute Assignment, 2015 Ms. Scalera This assignment requires the use of the text AP World History: An Essential Course book, 2 nd Edition by Ethel Wood. Directions: you will need

More information

EQ: How did the Age of Exploration lead to the colonization of North Carolina? Warm Up: Get your NOTEBOOK and copy down the EQ before class begins.

EQ: How did the Age of Exploration lead to the colonization of North Carolina? Warm Up: Get your NOTEBOOK and copy down the EQ before class begins. EQ: How did the Age of Exploration lead to the colonization of North Carolina? Warm Up: Get your NOTEBOOK and copy down the EQ before class begins. Avatar Finding similarities in 1492 and 2015 Copy under

More information

Paleolithic Era to Mesopotamian City-States

Paleolithic Era to Mesopotamian City-States Paleolithic Era to Mesopotamian City-States Before History Prehistory = the period before written records. Archaeological information Archaeology = the study of structures of past societies by analyzing

More information

The First People 5 million-5,000 years ago. Picture source: humanorigins.si.edu

The First People 5 million-5,000 years ago. Picture source: humanorigins.si.edu The First People 5 million-5,000 years ago Picture source: humanorigins.si.edu Terms to Know Prehistory Hominid Ancestor Tool Paleolithic Era Society Hunter-gatherers GROUP 1 STARTS HERE What you will

More information

EARLY AMERICAS. Ice age and the Olmec

EARLY AMERICAS. Ice age and the Olmec EARLY AMERICAS Ice age and the Olmec LAND BRIDGE Beringia- Land bridge that connects Asia and America. Large glaciers during the Ice Age locked up water so that it was possible to walk across on land Animals

More information

Chapter 1 Reading Guide/Study Guide Section One Early Humans (pages 19 25

Chapter 1 Reading Guide/Study Guide Section One Early Humans (pages 19 25 Due Date: I. PREHISTORY 1. Define prehistory: A. Archaeology and Anthropology 1. Define archaeology: Chapter 1 Reading Guide/Study Guide Section One Early Humans (pages 19 25 Name: 2. Define artifacts:

More information

Creating America (Survey)

Creating America (Survey) Creating America (Survey) Chapter 1: The World in 1500, Beginnings to 1500 Section 1: Crossing to the Americas Main Idea: Ancient peoples came from Asia to the Americas and over time developed complex

More information

Stone Age & Archaeology. Unit Review

Stone Age & Archaeology. Unit Review Stone Age & Archaeology Unit Review 1. Archaeologists: What is an Archaeologist? What do they use to study the past? Archaeology is the study of the past based on what people left behind. Archaeologists

More information

PREHISTORY THE ORIGINS OF LIFE AND HUMANKIND

PREHISTORY THE ORIGINS OF LIFE AND HUMANKIND TASK 1: How do you understand the term Prehistory? What does the prefix pre- mean? When does history start then? THE ORIGINS OF LIFE AND HUMANKIND There are three theories explaining the origins of life

More information

CIVILIZATION IN AFRICA NUBIAN Necklace B.C.

CIVILIZATION IN AFRICA NUBIAN Necklace B.C. CIVILIZATION IN AFRICA NUBIAN Necklace 1700 1550 B.C. overview - How and why did Civilization emerge? Archaeological record demonstrates that early humans practiced nomadism for many thousands of years

More information

Name Date Period. Social Studies Midterm Review Packet. Exam Date: Room#

Name Date Period. Social Studies Midterm Review Packet. Exam Date: Room# Name Date Period Social Studies Midterm Review Packet Exam Date: Room# Part 1: Five Themes of Geography Directions: Write the theme of geography on the line next to the correct definition or example. relative

More information

World History I SOL WH1.2 Mr. Driskell

World History I SOL WH1.2 Mr. Driskell World History I SOL WH1.2 Mr. Driskell A. Modern people are called homosapiens, meaning wise man. B. Homo-sapiens first existed in East Africa, several hundred thousand years ago. C. Home-sapiens spread

More information

WHI.02: Early Humans

WHI.02: Early Humans WHI.02: Early Humans WHI.2 The student will demonstrate knowledge of early development of humankind from the Paleolithic Era to the agricultural revolution by a) explaining the impact of geographic environment

More information

The Cradle of Civilization- Mesopotamia and the Fertile Crescent

The Cradle of Civilization- Mesopotamia and the Fertile Crescent The Cradle of Civilization- Mesopotamia and the Fertile Crescent Marshall High School Mr. Cline Western Civilization I: Ancient Foundations Unit Two AB The code consisted of over 200 acts and their required

More information

Prehistory Evolution of Man. AP World History Chapter 1a

Prehistory Evolution of Man. AP World History Chapter 1a Prehistory Evolution of Man AP World History Chapter 1a Development of Hominids Animals adapt themselves to environment Hominids adapt environment to themselves Use of tools Language Complex cooperative

More information

Unit 1: Geography of Georgia/Georgia s Beginnings Lesson 3: Prehistoric Peoples Study Presentation

Unit 1: Geography of Georgia/Georgia s Beginnings Lesson 3: Prehistoric Peoples Study Presentation Georgia Studies Unit 1: Geography of Georgia/Georgia s Beginnings Lesson 3: Prehistoric Peoples Study Presentation Lesson 3: Prehistoric Peoples ESSENTIAL QUESTION What were the major characteristics and

More information

How did the Neolithic Revolution transform human societies?

How did the Neolithic Revolution transform human societies? How did the Neolithic Revolution transform human societies? The history of the universe is greater than the history of humanity. This Cosmic History or Big History dates back to the Big Bang (around13.7

More information

Danger Cave. Much of what we don t about Utah s prehistoric people

Danger Cave. Much of what we don t about Utah s prehistoric people Danger Cave Much of what we don t about Utah s prehistoric people comes from Danger Cave. Danger Cave is in the West Desert near Wendover. Danger Cave Artifacts such as; beetle wings, textiles, leather

More information

Early People. The American Indians Chapter 3

Early People. The American Indians Chapter 3 Early People The American Indians Chapter 3 Introduction Utah s History is story of many different kinds of people. The American Indians first arrived in Utah around 12,000 B.C.E., which converts to 14,000

More information

Unit 3. Early Humans and the Agricultural Revolution 8000 B.C. to 2000 B.C.

Unit 3. Early Humans and the Agricultural Revolution 8000 B.C. to 2000 B.C. Unit 3 Early Humans and the Agricultural Revolution 8000 B.C. to 2000 B.C. The Beginning of Humans http://www.becominghuman.org/node/interactivedocumentary The Stone Age Old Stone Age Paleolithic Age 2,500,000

More information

CHAPTER ELEVEN The Americas on the Eve of Invasion

CHAPTER ELEVEN The Americas on the Eve of Invasion CHAPTER ELEVEN The Americas on the Eve of Invasion World Civilizations, The Global Experience AP* Edition, 5th Edition Stearns/Adas/Schwartz/Gilbert *AP and Advanced Placement are registered trademarks

More information

early human history and Central & South America Jeopardy

early human history and Central & South America Jeopardy early human history and Central & South America Jeopardy What You Need To Know Every team will be chosen by Joe with the intention of mixing girls and boys and grade levels. Teams can choose a name if

More information

Chapter 20. Worlds Apart: The Americas and Oceania. 2011, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

Chapter 20. Worlds Apart: The Americas and Oceania. 2011, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Chapter 20 Worlds Apart: The Americas and Oceania 1 States and Empires in Mesoamerica and North America n Societies had limited or no contact with Africa, Asia, Europe q Brief presence of Scandinavians

More information

Unit 2 Fertile Crescent Mesopotamia Unit Test Review

Unit 2 Fertile Crescent Mesopotamia Unit Test Review Unit 2 Fertile Crescent Mesopotamia Unit Test Review Mesopotamia - Fertile Crescent Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Early

More information

Chapter 2 NOTES. RPC: What role did the Nile River play in the development of Egyptian civilization?

Chapter 2 NOTES. RPC: What role did the Nile River play in the development of Egyptian civilization? Chapter 2 NOTES Lesson 1 Classifying: Use the following graphic organizer to identify people's social roles in Egyptian society. Upper: pharoah, nobles, priests. Middle: merchants,artisans,scribes,tax

More information

Name: Date: Period: Chapter 11 Reading Guide The Americas on the Eve of Invasion p

Name: Date: Period: Chapter 11 Reading Guide The Americas on the Eve of Invasion p Name: Date: Period: Chapter 11 Reading Guide The Americas on the Eve of Invasion p.244-264 INTRODUCTION p.244 1. Where does the term Indian, as applied to Native Americans, come from? 2. Did Indians see

More information