Unit Objectives. Describe the impact of farming on the development of early civilizations. Analyze the development of Egypt s empire

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1 Unit Objectives Describe the impact of farming on the development of early civilizations Analyze the development of Egypt s empire Describe the important events in the history of Israel

2 Chapter 1 Test Vocabulary Words Jericho Mud Brick Hittites Empire Mesopotamia Epic Artifacts Paleolithic Irrigation Nebuchadnezzar

3 Chapter 1 Test What was the climate like in Mesopotamia? Know what life was like in Sumer. What did Hammurabi write? What are historians? What is cuneiform? Where was the center of the Chaldean empire?

4 Chapter 1 Test Essay Questions Why do some historians consider the farming revolution to be the most important event in human history? Describe some of the military accomplishments of the Assyrians.

5 Early Humans Cause and Effect Diagram Digging through the garbage of history. The earliest people where Nomads that hunted animals and gathered berries and plants. They were called Hunter/Gathers. Paleolithic time period Why do you think early people chose stones to make their tools? How were flakes created?

6 Early Humans According to the map on page 13, what crops were grown in North America? On which two continents did barley and wheat grow? Look at the chart on page 14 comparing Neolithic and Paleolithic Ages. How did the work of men change between the ages? What advances were made in tool making? How did the Paleolithic and Neolithic Ages differ? Go back and work on the cause and effect diagram.

7 Early Humans Main Ideas Early humans were nomads who moved around to hunt animals and gather food (Hunter gathers). They built shelters and used fire to survive. In time the developed language and art. Paleolithic people adapted to their environment and invented many tools to help them survive. During the farming revolution, people began to grow crops and domesticate animals, which allowed them to settle in villages.

8 Mesopotamian Civilization Sequencing Diagram Into what body of water do the Tigris and the Euphrates Rivers flow? Why were river valleys important? Why do you think the region of Mesopotamia was so well suited for the growth of civilization?

9 Mesopotamian Civilization What was a Ziggurat and what was its purpose? What technology did the people of Mesopotamia use to help them grow their crops? What is a city-state? Who were artisans? How did Mesopotamians control the flow of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers?

10 Mesopotamian Civilization What kind of written language did the Sumerians use? Who created the first empire? Who was Hammurabi and what did he create? Were Hammurabi s laws fair or were they cruel? What advancements in science and math did the Sumerians develop? Complete sequence diagram.

11 Mesopotamian Civilization Main Ideas In time, farming villages developed into civilizations with governments, art, religion, writing, and social class divisions. The first city-states developed in Mesopotamia. Many important ideas and inventions, including writing, the wheel, the plow, and a number system based on 60, were developed in the region of Mesopotamia. The Sumerian city-states lost power when they were conquered by outsiders. Several empires, including the Babylonian Empire, took control of Mesopotamia.

12 The First Empires Who were the Assyrians? Why were their armies so strong? Using the map on page 28. What major rivers were part of the Assyrian Empire? What geographical features may have kept the Assyrians from expanding their empire to the north and south? Why were the Assyrian soldiers considered brutal and cruel?

13 The First Empires Who were the Chaldeans? Who was Nebuchadnezzar? What were the Hanging Gardens of Babylon? What advancements occurred during the Chaldean empire? Why did the Chaldean empire fall?

14 The First Empires Main Ideas Using cavalry and foot soldiers armed with iron weapons, the Assyrians created a large empire that included all of Mesopotamia and extended into Egypt. The Chaldeans built a large empire that included Babylon, the largest and richest city in the world at that time. The Chaldeans also developed the first calendar with a seven-day week.