btf{ g} gepsf u'0f:t/lxg kz'k+iflsf cf}ifwl cfoft

Transcription

1 s[lif x/]s If0f x/]s lbg dfq s[lif ;dfrf/sf] nflu ;fktflxs ;fn kmfu'g ( ut] cfotaf/ 1 jif{ kmfu'g ( ut] cfotaf/ ( Feb. 21, 2016 d"no?=!). btf{ g} gepsf u'0f:t/lxg kz'k+iflsf cf}ifwl cfoft ) gof+ ;+ljwfg hf/l x'g' cl3nnf] lbg $@ hgf sd{rf/l dfu ub} { ;"rgf k sfzg ) ===================== ) of] 3f+; ufo{e};l dfq xf]og e]8f afv f,a+u'/,xf+; s'v'/f nufotsf kz'k+iflx?sf ;d]t kf]if0fo'qm cfxf/. ) of] 3f+;sf sf/0f kz'k+iflsf] cfxf/sf nflu ul/g] vr{sf] %) k ltzt 36\g]. ) k[i7 # df ;SsnL lrlst;ssf gssnl sfd ) k[i7 # df

2 s[lif ;fktflxs ;fn kmfu'g ( ut] cfotaf/ 2 k b]z cg';f/ s[lif ptkfbg Û s[lif ljsf; a' +b] ;fj{hlgs u/]/kl5 s[lifdf gof+ s]xl 5nfª\ dg] { xf] egg] b]lvpsf] epklg ljutdf tof/ ul/psf] sfo{qmd, ljlgof]hg ul/psf] ah]6 tyf s[lif ljsf; dgqfnosf] ljefhg kzrft rfn' cfly{s aif{df dgqfnon] ;fj{hlgs u/]s]f k ltj4tf k"/f xf]nf / egg]df z+sf pahg yfn]sf] 5. g]kfnsf] s[lif If]qsf] ljsf; ug{sf nflu rfn' cfly{s aif{b]lv g} Ps a:t' tyf b'o{ afnldf x/]s lhnnfnfo{ cftelge{/ agfpg] of]hgf cg'?k lhnnf lhnnf x' +b} If]qLo :t/df ;d]t of]hgfsf nflu k6s k6s ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox? jlr epsf] sfo{qmdn] klg w]/} s'/f t l;sfo{ ;s]s]f 5. t/ ljutdf ul/psf ceof; nfu" epsl epgg\ jf To;nfO{ s;/l sfof{gjog ug' { kb{yof] egg] ljifodf dgqfnosf] Wofg upsf] b]lv+b}g. ut aif{ l7s} o;} ;do cyf{t rfn' cfly{s aif{sf nflu of]hgf th' {df ug{sf nflu epsf sfo{qmdn] ;f]r cg'?k k ult ug{ ;Sof] ls ;s]g jf To;nfO{ lhnnfaf6 epsf] dfu adf]lhd sfof{gjog ug{ ;lsof] ls ;lspg egg] ljifodf udel/df?kdf ;f]rg' cfjzos 5. clxn] d"nssf] k fb]lzs?kdf l;df+sg k"0f{?kdf ;DkGg eo{ g;s]s]f cj:yfdf clxn] g} k b]z cg'?ksf] s[lif pkh ptkfbg ug] { pb]zo lnp/ sfo{qmd agfp+bf eljiodf To;n] gsf/ftds ;Gb]z kf] hfg] xf] ls < ;/sf/n] clxn] slt k b]z agfpg] egg] ljifodf 6'ª\f] gnufo{ ;s]sf] cj:yfdf s[lif ljsf; dgqfnon] d'n'snfo{ ;ft k b]zdf ljefhg u/l ;f]xl cg'?k s[lif afnl ptkfbgsf nflu sfo{ of]hgf tof/ ubf{ To;af6 s:tf] kmnsf] cfzf ug{ ;lspnf < st} s[lif ljsf; dgqfnodf a;]/ u fld0f e]usf ls;fgx?nfo{ nlift u/l agfo{g] of]hgfn] ;fy{s?kdf xfl;n ug] { b]lvpg eg] < k Zg lrgxsf] 3]/fleq a;]/ of]hgf agfpg] egbf xfd f] /fli6«o w/ftn cg'?k ls;fgx?sf] dfusf cfwf/df clxno} b]lv sfo{qmd th' {df ug] { xf] eg] g]t[tj k+lqmn] efif0f u/]h:t} xfdl sldtdf Ps b'o{ a:t' jf afnldf cftdlge{/ x'g ;SYof} + ls < clxn] s[lif ljsf; dgqfno dftxtsf sfof{nox?n] u/]sf sfo{qmdx? x]g] { xf] eg] slxn] e"sdk t slxn] gfsfjgblsf] axfgf ub}{ w]/} sfo{qmdx? ;DkGg x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g. of] kl/l:yltdf k b]z cg'?k s[lif ptkfbgdf nfug' slqsf] plrt xf]nf < a? ljutdf kf+raif{leq d'n'snfo{ cftdlge{/agfpg vf]lhpsf] a:t' jf afnlsf] ptkfbgdf hf]8 lbg] ls < cfkm\g} ;"rgf g]kfnsf] klxnf] s[lif ;fktflxssf sf kdf k sflzt s[lif ;fktflxsdf tkfo sf If]qdf ep u/]sf s[lif If]q; u ;DalGwt ;"rgf ;dfrf/ jf n]v /rgfx 5g\ eg] xfdlnfo{ lalxaf/leq k7fpg'x'g cg'/f]w ul/g5. ;Dks{ s[lif ;fktflxs, afuahf/ Od]n M sajnepal@gmail.com web: kz' k+5ldf x'g] tgfa df;' tyff df;'hgo ptkfbgsf] u'0f:t/df kfg] { k efj df;'sf] u'0f:t/m lhljt kz' k+iflx?df df+;k]zl hgo ;fdfgo ultljlw x'g tlgdf UnfO{sf]hgsf] cfjzostf kb{5. :j:yo tyf k z:t cfxf/f ug]{ hgfj/df df+;k]lzx?df UnfOsf]hgsf] dfqf prrtd x'g5. kz'k+ifl jw kl5 of] UnfOsf]hg Nofsl6s Pl;8df kl/0ft x'g5 h:sf sf/0f df+;k]zl tyf kz'k+iflsf] lhp c//f] x'g5. jw u/]sf] kz'af6 df;'hgo tof/ ubf{ Nofsl6s Pl;8sf] cfjzostf k5{ h;n] df;'nfo{ :jflbnf] d'nfod, sdnf] agfpg d2t u5{. ;fy} df;' nfdf] ;do ;+ro u/l /fvg klg ;lsg5, u'0f:t/ klg lju b}g, tyf df;'sf] :jefljs /+u klg ;'/lift x'g5. olb kz' k+ifl 9'jfgL ubf{, tgfj u :t x'g kxu] jf jw ug{' cl3 g} tgfj u :t x'g kxu] eg] To:tf kz'k+lifsf] df+;k]zlaf6 UnfOsf]hg lgv{g hfg5. To:tf kz'k+lifaf6 k fkt x'g] df;'df o:sf] tx clg dfqf 36]/ hfg5. h:sf] sf/0fn] df;'sf] u'0f:t/df c;/ k ofp5. sdnf] lynlyn] df;' o:tf] df;' ;'+u'/ j+u'/ k hftl jw ug{ s]lx l5g cufl8, 9'jfgL ;fwgjf6 cf]/fnbf, ;dftg vf]hbf, vf]/df x'nbf, jw cl3 j]xf]; ubf{, c;lhnf] eo, plk mg], bf}8\g], efug], jf tl;{g uo{ tgfj u :t ep b]lvg5. o:n] ubf{ olt j]nf a+u'/x?sf] z/l/sf] df+;k]zl x'g] h}ljs /;folgs s[of k s[ofsf sf/0f df+;k]zldf ;+lrt UnfOsf]hg l56\6} lju x x'g] u5{ h:sf sf/0f To:tf kz'af6 k fkt x'g] df;' kmf]; f] x'g'sg ;fy}, tl df;'df cldnokgsf] dfqf j9]/ hfg5 / g/fd f] :jfbsf] klg. o:tf cj:yfsf] kz'af6 k fkt df;'af6 k fkt x'g], s'g} klg df;'hgo kl/sf/ jgfpg jf k zf]wg u/l /fvg klg ;lsgg, k foh;f] df;' v]/ hfg] x'g5. To;}n] jw ug{' cl3 j+u'/ k hftlx?nfo{ jw ug{' cl3 sldtdf Ps 306f cf/fd ug{ lbg'sf ;fy}, jw ub{fsf] j]nf e\mofª6fª, em'g6'ªu jf b}f8fpg] gug]{ xf] eg] of] ;d:ofaf6 d'qml kfo{g5. sfnf], s8f, ;'Vvf df;' o:tf] cj:yf e]8f, v;l, jf]sf, /f+uf, s'v'/f tyf slxn] sf+lx j+u'/sf] df;' tof/ jw ubf{ b]lvg5. df;' sfnf] ;'Vvf / s8f vfnsf] b]lvg5. 9'jfgLsf] j]nf kz' k+ifl tgfj u :t x'g k'u] jf 9'jfgL ;fwgaf6 cf/fnbf s'6\g] lk6\g], bf}8fpg] jf jw ug]{ j]nf c;lhnf] n/l n8fpg], af+wg], d'g6fpg] ubf{ ol kz'k+iflsf] z/l/df epsf] UnfOsf]hg vr{ ep/ hfg5, h:n] ubf{ jw u/]kl5 tof/ u/lg] df;'df Nofs/Ls Pl;8sf] dfqf Go"g x'g] u5{. h:sf sf/0f df;', sfnf], s8f, ;'Vvf b]lvg5. o:tf] df;' Go"g u'0f:t/sf] dflgg5, ctoflws /+u sfnf] b]lvg] x'fbf pkef]qmfx?n] dg k/fpfb}gg\ / rf8} ljlu G5 klg. o:n] jw ug'{ clw kx'k+lif tgfj u :t, rf]6 u :t jf lj/fdl lyp egg] ;+s]t klg u5{. To;}n] jw ug]{ ul/g] kz'k+ifl jw ug'{ cl3 tgfj d'tm, 8f= s]bf/ sfsl{ rf]6k6sx?af6 d'tm clg :j:yo x'g} k5{.o:sf nflu jw:yn, gzf 6'6\k'm6\ ep/ /ut z/l/sf] jwzfnf tyf df;' k;ndf jw s'g} efu s'g} c+u jf ;+k'0f{ ul/g] kz' k+iflnfo{ z/l/df r'lxp/ hfg ;S5. 306f cf/fd ug{ lbg' k5{. To;f] To:tf kz'x?af6 k fkt x'g] df;' epdf cf];f/ k;f/ jf 9'jfgLsf vfg of]uo x'+b}g\g. s ddf tgfj u :t x'g k'u]sf sf/0fx? M kz'sf] d+f;k]zl vr{ e{sf]!= /utn] gzf ntkltpsf] df;' UnfOsf]hg k'gm ;f]wegf{ x'g pkef]tmfn] dg k/fpfb}g\g / ;sf];\. jw ul/g] kz'af6 k fkt :jf:yosf nful pko'tm x'g] df;'df UnfOsf]hgsf] dfqf klg dflgb}g. prrtd x'g' k5{ h:n] ubf{ o:tf kz'sf] df;' df;'hgo tof/ ubf{, df;' k ;f]wg ubf{ s'g} lsl;dsf kl/sf/ jgfpg Tof] df;'df Nofsl6s Pl;8 jf k ;f]wg u/l ;+ro klg ug} oy]i7 tof/ x'g ;sf]; To:tf ;lsgg. 306f kl5 hf+r ubf{ #= o:tf df;' rf8} ;8\g] ung] df;'sf] lk=pr= ^=@ jf sd x'g' x'g5g\, /utn] nt\kltpsf] df;' k5{. of] dfqf o;egbf a9l klxn] g} lhjf0f'af6 k b'lift t epdf o:n] ;+s]t u5{ ls df;'sf] x'g5 g}, yk k b'if0fsf] 8/ klg. >f]tsf kz' jw ug{' cl3 lst To;}n] df;' lgl/if0fsf s ddf tgfj u :t oft rf]6 u :t jf To:tf df;' k dfl0ft ul/g' x'+b}g. lj/fdl lyp. 5fnfsf] u'0f:t/ M df+;k]zldf Nofsl6s P;L8sf] h'g;'s} k hfltsf] kz' jw pkl:ytln] df;' sf+6 5f+6 ubf{ ul/psf] ep klg tlgaf6 k fkt jw:yn, jwzfnf jf df;' x'g] 5fnf prr u'0f:t/ tyf k;ndf lhjf0f' hgo ;+s d0f df;' rf]6k6s d'tm x'g' k5{. h:n] x'g Go"lgs/0f u5{. gq ol lhjf0f' ubf{ tlgaf6 d'nojfg df;' ljufg]{, df;'af6 b'u{gw 5fnfhGo ;fdfu L ptkfbg ug{ cfpg], leh]sf] h:tf] b]lvg] jf ;lsg5. lrklrk] cj:yfdf k'øfp+5. obl jw cl3 5fnf s;/l lju g ;S5 M o;/l df;' k b'if{0f u/fpg] lhjf0f' hyfefjl 5fnfdf g} rf]6k6s df;'hgo ljifqml u/fpg] vfnsf x'g] u/l lrgx nufpdf, kz'nfo{ ep To:tf df;' pkef]u ug]{ 9'ªufn] lxsf{pdf, ;'O/f]n] 3f]r]df, hgdfgd lj/fdl kg{ ;S5g, nln] lxsf{pdf sf+8]tf/df df+;k]zldf Nofsl6s P;L8sf] pkl:ytln] df;' sf+6 5f+6 ubf{ jw:yn, jwzfnf jf df;' k;ndf lhjf0f' hgo ;+s d0f df;' x'g Go"lgs/0f u5{. gq ol lhjf0f' df;' ljufg] {, df;'af6 b'u{gw cfpg], leh]sf] h:tf] b]lvg] jf lrklrk] cj:yfdf k' ofp5. obl o;/l df;' k b'if0f u/fpg] lhjf0f' df;'hgo ljiffqml u/fpg] vfnsf ep To:tf df;' pkef]u ug] { hgdfgd lj/fdl kg{ ;S5g, ;fy} dx+uf] pkrf/ vr{ klg ug' { kg] { x'g5. ;fy} dx+uf] pkrf/ vr{ klg ug'{ kg]{ x'g5. 9'jfgLsf s d\df kz'nfo{ nln] lxsf{pg], 9'ªufn] xfgg] jf kz'x? Ps cfk;df h'2f l;ªn] rf]6 k'øfpg] ;fy} 9'jfgL ;fwgdf epsf wf/lnf ltvf wft'sf efu;+u 7f]lSsg k'u] jf r]lkkp/ a:g' k/] lrknlp/ n8] kz'sf] z/l/df ljlegg vfn] rf]6 k6s jf ;'Dnf j:g ;S5. of] eg]sf] dflysf 36gf, b'3{6gf x'+bf ;fgf] ;'Dnf j:g'sf ;fy} 7"n} rf]6k6ssf ;fy} hlpsf xf8x? ef+lrrg klg ;S5. h:sf sf/0f To; 7fp+df jflx/ gb]lvg] u/l df+;k]zl /ut ;+rf/ ug{ clnempdf jf l;ªn] rf]6 k'øfpdf, sf]rfsf]r x'g] u/l 9'jfgL u/]df jf pko'tm lsl;dsf] jfxgdf 9'jfgL gu/]df, jw ug]{ a]nfdf hgfj/nfo{ hyfefjl ptt]lht u/]df cfkm}+ rf]6 u :t x'g ;S5g\. hgfj/nfo{ hyfefjl lxsf{pdf jf anu/l x'tofpdf, k5f/]df, jw cl3 jf jw kl5 kz'nsf] hlp ef'o{df n5f/ k5f/ u/]df 5fnf lju g ;S5. lo gx'g lbg kz'k+lif 9'jfgL ubf{ kz' snof0fsf jf/] Wofg k'øfpg] xf] eg] ol ptkfbgsf] d'no prr /fvg ;lsg5.

3 { { { { s[lif ;fktflxs btf{ g} gepsf u'0f:t/lxg kz'k+iflsf cf}ifwl cfoft u/l ljqml ljt/0f ) ljz]if s[lif Jo"/f], lj/f6gu/ s]xl ;ftf cufl8 dfq kz'k+ifl cf}ifwlsf] cfoft Pj+ ljqml ljt/0f ug]{ Pu f]e]6x?sf] 5ftf ;+u7gdf?kdf :yflkt kz'k+ifl cf}ifwl Joj;foL ;+3sf] bzf}+ dxflwa]zg sfe ]sf] w'lnv]ndf ejotfsf ;fy ;DkGg eof]. ;f] ;Dd]ngn] cf}ifwl Joj;fo ug] {x?sf] g]t[tj klg rog u of]. w'lnv]nsf] Ps l/;f]6{df ejo?kdf ;DkGg epsf] elgpsf] ;f] ;Dd]ngdf lhnnfb]lv s]gb ;Dddf kz' cf}ifwlsf] cfoft tyf ljqml ljt/0f ug] { Joj;foLx?df dfq xf]og d'n'ssf ugo]dfgo] Pj+ ;/sf/l hflu/] kz' lrlst;sx?b]lv lghl lsnlgs ;~rfng ug]{ kz'lrlst;sx? ;Ddsf] pkl:ylt lyof]. ;f] sfo{qmddf kz'k+iflsf cf}ifwl Joj;fonfO{ dof{lbt / kf/blz{tf agfpg] lgrf]8 klg lgsfnof]. gof+ lgjf{lrt kbflwsf/lx?n] To;sf nflu k ltj4tf klg ;fj{hlgs u/]. t/ lj8djgf dfgj :jf:yo;+u k ToIf ;/f]sf/ /fvg] kz' cf}ifwlx? cfoftb]lv ljqml ljt/0f;dd clxn] dgnfubf] lsl;dn] eo{/x]sf] b]lvg5. h;sf sf/0f s]xl ;doleq} ljs/fn ;d:of ptkgg x'g] ;+s]t b]lvpsf] s]xl kz'lrlst;s Pj+ cf}ifwl Joj;foLx?n] g} :jlsf/ ub}{ 5g\. ljz]if u/l hgdfg;n] x/]s lbg k of]u ug] { kz'hgo kbfy{df ;d]t k efj kg]{ lsl;dn] clxn] b]zsf ljlegg gfsfaf6 cf}ifwl Joj:yf ljefudf :jls[t gepsf kz'hgo cf}ifwl wdfwd u}/sfg"gl?kdf lelq/x]sf 5g\. k"jf{~rn If]qsf] d]rl eg;f/ tyf hf]uagl eg;f/af6 g]kfndf btf{ g} gepsf kz'k+iflsf cf}ifwlx? cfoft eo{/x+bf klg ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfo cf}ifwl Joj:yf ljefu sfgdf t]n xfn]/ al;/x]sf] b]lvg5. To:tf cf}ifwl cfoft ug] {x?df g]kfndf kz'k+iflsf cf}ifwl cfoft ug] { Pp6f lu/f]x g} ;+nug epsf] gfd gatfpg] zt{df sf7df8f}+df kz'cf}ifwl Jofkf/ ul//x]sf Ps Joj;foLn] s[lifnfo{ atfp. tl Joj;foLsf cg';f/ cj}wflgs?kdf btf{ gepsf u'0f:t/xlg cf}ifwl cfoft ug] {x?df sf7df8f} +df kz' cf}ifwlx?sf] 7"nf] dfqfdf sf/f]af/ ug] { Joj;foLx?n] g} ;f] If]qdf ;fgf] sfof{no v8f u/]/ eg;f/ clws[tx?nfo{ k nf]egdf kf/l cf}ifwl leq\ofpg] ul/psf] atfp. Ps ;o egbf a9l kz'k+iflsf cf}ifwl cfoft u/l b]ze/ ljqml ljt/0f ug] Pu f]e]6x?sf] ;j}sf] cj:yf p:t} /x]s]f egb} sltkon] t gllt lgod ldrb} Pu f]e]6 ;~rfng ul//x]s]f ;d]t pgn] æk"jf{~rn If]qsf] d]rl eg;f/ tyf hf]uagl eg;f/af6 g]kfndf btf{ g} gepsf kz'k+iflsf cf}ifwlx? cfoft eo{/x+bf klg ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfo cf}ifwl Joj:yf ljefu sfgdf t]n xfn]/ al;/x]sf] b]lvg5. EofnL Pu f] e]6 O6x/L, e]6/lg/l d]l8l;g jn8{ lj/f6gu/, Pu f] e]6]/lg/l ;Knfo;{ lj/f6gu/n] t v'n] cfd g} To:tf btf{ gepsf cf}ifwlx? ljqml ljt/0f ul//x]s]f b]lvg5.æ v'nf;f u/]. EofnL Pu f] e]6 O6x/L, e]6/lg/l d]l8l;g jn8{ lj/f6gu/, Pu f] e]6]/lg/l ;Knfo;{ lj/f6gu/n] t v'n] cfd g} To:tf btf{ gepsf cf}ifwlx? ljqml ljt/0f ul//x]s]f b]lvg5. o:tf btf{ gepsf u'0f:t/xlg kz'k+ifl cf}ifwl eg;f/af6 s;/l ;xh?kdf cfp5 egg] k Zgdf lj/f6gu/sf Ps Pu f]e]6 ;~rfns eg5g\, æb]z oxl xf] s'/f ldnfpkl5 h] klg Nofpg ;lsg5. hfjf] kz'k+ifl cf}ifwl s] 7"nf] ef] /Æ. pgs} egfo{nfo{ pb[t ug] { xf] eg] eg;f/sf k d'vnfo{ cfly{s k efjdf kf/]kl5 To:tf cf}ifwlx?sf] eg;f/ ;d]t glt/l lelqg] v'nf;f epsf] 5. d'n'se/sf sltko Pu f]e]6x?df clxn] To:tf cf}ifwlx? e]l6g] u/]sf 5g\. o; ljifodf d]rl / hf]uagl eg;f/ sfof{nosf k d'vx? af]ng rfx+b}gg\. kz'cf}ifwl s;/l leqg5g\ btf{ geo{ s;/l up egg] ljifodf pglx? eg5g\ h;n] Nofof] To;}n] ;f]wg';\ 7f8f] hjfkm lbg] u/]sf 5g\ < ;f] ;DjGwdf kz'k+ifl cf}ifwl Joj;foL ;+3sf cwoifn] o;af/] cfkm" cgle1 /x]sf] atfp+b} o;sf] lhdd]jf/l kz' ;]jf ljefu / cf}ifwl Joj:yf ljefun] g} lng' kg]{ atfp+5g\. ol b'o{ ;+:yfn] g} kz'k+ifl cf}ifwlsf] P]g lgod agfpg] b]lv cg'udg ;d]t ug] { clwsf/ epsfn] cg'udgdf s8fo{ ug'{ kg]{ atfp+5g\. xfdl Joj;foL kz'k+ifl cf}ifwl Joj;fonfo{ dof{lbt / kf/blz{ s;/l agfpg] egg]df nflu /x]sf] wf/0ff JoQm ub{5g\. cf}ifwl Joj;fo btf{b]lv cfoft ug{];ddsf] clwsf/ af]s]/ a;]sf] cf}ifwl Joj:yf ljefudf aa/dxndf upsf] tlg aif{ otf s'g} klg gof+ cf}ifwl btf{ epsf] b]lv+b}g. ljefudf kz'k+iflsf nflu btf{ epsf cf}ifwlsf] ljj/0f dfug ;fn;dd btf{ epsf] lni6 lbg] afx]ssf] s]xl sfd x' ;fn kl5 btf{ epsf kz'k+iflsf cf}ifwlx? ljj/0f dfubf csf]{ xktf cfpg';\ egb} 6fg]{ u/]/sf 5g\. kz'k+ifldf s'g} dxfdf/l km}lnof] eg] ;j}egbf a9l lhdd]jf/ lng' kg] ;/sf/l sfof{no kz' ;]jf ljefusf dxflgb] {zs 8f s]zjk ;fb k ]dlsf cg';f/ ljefun] lkm8 ;lknd]06 afx]s c? cf}ifwl cfoft ug{ Ohfht lbg] clwsf/ gepsf] atfp+5g\. cf}ifwlsf] ;Dk"0f{ lhdd]jf/l cf}ifwl Joj:yf ljefun] g} ug]{ x'+bf kz'k+iflsf] cf}ifwl ljqml ljt/0f ug]{, cfoft ug{sf nflu :jls[t lbg] lgsfosf?kdf P]gn] g} cf}ifwl Joj:yf ljefu tf]s]sf] atfp+5g\. kz'k+iflsf] cf}ifwl cfoft ug]{b]lv ljqmlsf nflu Pu f]e]6 ;~rfngsf nflu :jls[t ug]{ clwsf/ cf}ifwl Joj:yf ljefu;+u epsf] / cg'udg ug]{ lhdd]jf/l kz' ;]jf ljefusf] /x]sf]n] sfg"gl?kdf g} ldnbf] gb]lvpsf] k ]dlsf] egfo{ /x]sf] 5. kz'k+iflsf cf}ifwl dfgj :jf:yo;+u k ToIf ;/f]sf/ /fvg] ljifo epsf]n] o;sf nflu a]un} gllt agfp/ sfof{gjo ug{ tkm{ kz' ;]jf ljefu nflu/x]s]f k ]dlsf] egfo{ 5. emfkfdf l;+rfosf nflu k}tfln; nfv emfkf. l;+rfo{ ljgf s[lif ptkfbgdf a[l4 gx'g] s'/fnfo{ dwogh/ ub} { lhnnff s[lif ljsf; sfof{non] s[lif ptkfbg x'g] If]qx?nfO{ nlift u/l rfn' cfjdf ;fgf l;frfo cfof]hgfdf? $% nfv $% xhf/ vr{ ug] epsf] 5.l;+rfO{sf nflu lhnnf s[lif sfof{non] cg'bfg lbg] epkl5 lhnnf el/sf ls;fgx?af6 df]6/ af]l/ªsf nflu *^, kdk;]6sf nflu!&, Ogf/ af]l/ªsf nflu ^, ;tx l;frfosf nflu!! / kfok lj:tf/sf nflu b'o{ j6f lgj]bg k/]sf] lyof]. cg'bfg ljt/0f ug{sf nflu s[lif ljsf; ;ldltsf] ;efklt :yfglo ljsf; clwsf/l v]d/fh cf]emfsf] cwoiftfdf a;]sf] a}7sn] af]l/ª kdk;]6sf nflu!% hgfnfo{? %) xhf/sf b/n] tyf af]l/ª df]6/sf nflu $$ hgfnfo{? $) xhf/ b/n] cg'bfg lbg] lg0f{o ;d]t u/]sf] 5. ;tx l;frfo kfok vl/b ;ft hgfnfo{? Ps nfvsf b/n], Ogf/ af]l/ª b'o{ hgfnfo{? &) xhf/sf b/n], Ogf/ af]l/ª 3/ lgdf{0f df]6/sf] nflu b'o{ j6fsf nflu? () xhf/, ;xsf/ldf? b'o{ nfv *% xhf/ / ;xsf/l of]hgfdf b'o{ j6fdf? *$ xhf/ cg'bfg lbg] lg0f{o epsf] 5. cg'bfgn] kdk;]6 af]l/ªaf6 ^) laufxf, df]6/ laufxf, ;tx l;frfoaf6 rf/ xhf/ laufxf / Ogf/ af]l/ªaf6 #) laufxf v]tldf l;frfo ;'ljwf k'ug] jl/i7 s[lif ljsf; clws[t d]3gfy ltdn;]gfn] hfgsf/l atfpsf ;fn kmfu'g ( ut] cfotaf/ # ;SsnL kz' lrlst;ssf gssnl sfd sf7df8f} +. kz' lrlst;fno lqk'/]zj/df s/lj Ps bzsb]lv sfof{no k d'vsf?kdf c f hdfo{/x]sf kz' lrlst;s an/fd yfkfn] u/]sf st{ 'tx? ;fj{hlgs epkl5 cqflnp/ pgl ;dfrf/ k sfzg ug] { ;dfrf/ k sfzg u[xdfly afu] {lgë u of] egb} ljlegg vfn] cf/f]k nufo /f]os/fo{ ug{ yfn]sf 5g\. ljutdf s[lif ljsf; dgqfno dftxtdf /x]sf] ;f] lrlst;fno clxn] kz'k+ifl ljsf; dgqfno dftxtdf /x]sf] epklg sfof{nosf] af]8{ ;d]t pgn] km]g{ ;s]sf 5}gg\. k};f eg]kl5 x'?ss} x'g] kz' lrlst;s yfkfn] cfkm\g} dgqfnosf] gfd ;d]t km]g{ geofpg'nfo{ s] egg] < kz' lrlst;fnonfo{ cfkm\g} k foe]6 lsnlgs h:tf] agfo{ hyfefjl ug{ yfn]kl5 pgl dftxtsf sd{rf/l lbss eo{;s]sf] atfp+5g\. cl3nnf] ;ftf pgsf st' {t s[lif ;fktflxsdf k sfzg epkzrft pgl cg]s axfgf agfp+b} klqsfnfo{ wdsofpg yfn]sf 5g\. tt\kzrft pgsf] ljifodf yk cg';gwfg ug] { qmddf yk pgsf st' {t km]nf k/]sf 5g\. pgn] cfkm\gf] kbsf] b'?kof]u u/l g]kfndf btf{ gepsf kz'cf}ifwl d'n'sdf ;+s6 k/]sf] egb} ef/tlo sdkgln] ptkfbg u/]sf] kz' cf}ifwl leqofpgsf nflu eg;f/ sfof{nodf k7fpsf] pgsf] x:tfif/ epsf] kqsf] rnfgl gdj/ / sfof{nodf /x]sf] rnfgl gdj/df km/s kq e]l6pkl5. kz' lrlst;f If]qnfO{ abgfd ub} { ;]jfu fxlnfo{ sfof{nodf g} wdsofpg] an/fd yfkf o:tf kz' lrlst;s x'g\ h;n] ufo{ e};lsf nflu k of]u x'g] cf}ifwl s's'/nfo{ k of]u ub} { cfo{/x]sf 5g\. pgn] jl/u~h eg;f/ sfof{nonfo{ kz' lrlst;fnosf k d'v 8f an/fd yfkfn] g]kfndf btf{ gepsf cf}ifwlx? cfoft ug{sf nflu kz'k+iflsf] cf}ifwl cfoft ug] { Ps Jofkfl/s ;+:yfnfo{ g]kfn leqofpg ;xh agfo{lbg egb} eg;f/ sfof{no df3 * ut] kqfrf/ u/]sf] b]lvg5. g]kfndf btf{ g} k sf/sf s/f]8f} + d"no a/fa/sf cf}ifwl cfoft ug{ yfkfn] lsg kqfrf/ u/] < of] vf]hlsf] ljifo ag]sf] 5. pgn] n]v]sf] kqdf % xhf/ yfg OGh]S;gb]lv % nfv yfg;ddsf kz' cf}ifwl leq\ofpgsf nflu kq sf6]sf 5g\. h'g kq ;d]t xfdln] k sfzg u/]sf 5f} +. cem /dfo{nf] s'/f t s] xf] eg] pgsf] k ltzt z]o/ epsf] :6f/ e]6 s]o/ nlntk'/af6 ptkflbt lkm8 ;lknd]06 ufo{ e};lnfo{ k of]u ug] { epklg cfkm\gf] lsnlgs / kz' lrlst;fno lqk'/]zj/ dftxtsf k fljlws dfkm{t hj{h:tl?kdf s's'/nfo{ k of]u ub} { ;]jfu fxlnfo{ cfly{s ef/ ykg] / cfkm" df]6fpg] sfo{ ub} { cfo{/x]sf 5g\. sfof{no kl/;/ leq} klg b'o{j6f sfof{no agfpsf pgn] g]dkn]6 ;d]t cfkm"a:g] sf]7} lkr5] /fvg nufpsf 5g\. lghfdtl sd{rf/lx?n] cgoq s'g} 7fp+df yk sfd ug' kg] { epsf jf lghl sdkgldf sfd ug{sf nflu ;d]t sfof{noaf6 :jls[t lng' kg] { k fjwfgnfo{ ;d]d ntofp+b} cfo{/x]sf 5g\. obkl o:tf] unt s'/fsf] jf:tljstf n'sfpg] sfo{df yfkf, kz' lrlst;sb]lv kz' ;]jf ljefusf tftsflng dxflgb{ ]zs 8f g/axfb'/ /hjf/ ;Dd ldn]sf] b]lvg5. /fhonfo s/ 5Ng], gssnl sfuhft egfo{ eg;f/ 5Ng] / b]zdf btf{ g} gepsf cf}ifwl cfoft ug{ cg'dtl lbg] kz' lrlst;fnosf k d'vnfo{ /fhon] sfjf{xl ug' {sf] ; f k df]zg u/]kl5 kz'k+ifl cf}ifwl Joj;fodf sfd ug] { JolQmx? tlg5ss k/]sf 5g\. 8f an/fd yfkf ljutbzaif{b]lv kz' lrlst;fnoaf6 cgt ;?jf epsf 5}gg\. pgn] ljutb]lv clxn];dd u/]sf st{ 'taf6 jfss epsf kz' ;]jf ljefusf pgs} s]xl ;xsdl{x? yfkf slxno} g;' g] atfp+5g\. ;/sf/l kbdf a;]/ u/]sf] kblo b'?kof]usf] e08fkmf]/ epkl5 pgl cqfln+b} pgl;+u} lst] { sfo{df ;+nug Ps Jofkf/LnfO{ ] kmf]g u/l cfkm" ev{/ pk;lrj -k f=_ af6 ;x;lrjdf a9'jf epsf]n] cfkm\gf] lj?4 ;dfrf/ n]vg] kqsf/nfo{ wdsofpg ;xof]u ;d]t dfu]sf lyp. ;f] sf] lel8of] /]s8{ ;d]t s[lifnfo{ k fkt epsf] 5. yfkfn] kz' lrlst;fnodf a;]/ u/]sf] kbsf] b'?kof]u lj?4 clvtof/df ;d]t ph'/l k/]s]f atfopsf] 5.

4 s[lif ;fktflxs ;fn kmfu'g ( ut] cfotaf/ 4 ls;fgx?sf nflu hfgsf/l ls;fgx?sf nflu s[lif ;Nnfx!= ds} -lxpb]_ jfnl M ) ds} /f]k]sf] $) $% lbg kl5 l;+rfo{ shl o'l/of dn k lt s fsf b/n] 6k8]«; ug'{ pko'qm ux' ) ux' v]tlaf6 /fd f] ptkfbg lngsf nflu l;+rfo{ ;'ljwfsf] pknawtf x]/l! % k6s;dd l;+rfo{ ug'{ kb{5. #= d';'/f] M ) lxp+b] aiff{ kl5 ;fk]lift cfb }tf *%Ü egbf 306f;Dd d';'/f] afnlsf kftx? lr;f] eo{/x]df / * 306f;Dd!) ) ;]ln;o; egbf sd tfkqmd eo{ /x]sf] v08df d';'/f] afnldf :6]Dkm}nd 89'jf /f]u cfpg ;S5. To;sf/0f afnlnfo{ of] /f]uaf6 arfpg ;dodf g} 9';Lgf;s ljiffbl u fd k lt ln6/ kfgldf ld;fo{ &!) lbgsf] km/sdf 5g'{ pko'qm x'g5. ) af]6 cf]onfpg] /f]usf] /f]syfdsf] u fd j]leli6g jf 8]/f];fn-sfj]{G8flhd_ k lt ln6/ kfgldf 3f]n]/ c/x/sf] af]6 lehg] u/l 5s{g' pko'qm x'g5. ) d';'/f]sf] km]b sf6\g] sl/fsf] Joj:yfkgsf] nflu PdPn k lt ln6/ kfgldf ld;fo{ ;f+emkv 5g'{kb{5. ;fy{ sf+rf] dn k of]u ug'{ x'+b}g. / plrt l;+rfo{sf] Joj:yf ug'{ kb{5. $= c/x/ M ) sf];fdf nfug] ujf/f] -k8 af]//_ sl/f Joj:yfkgsf] nflu!) u fd e]nl k lt ln6/ kfgldf ld;fo{ agfpsf] 3f]ndf HaNPV -x]nl LE sf]!=% ldln xfn]/ ;f+emfsf] ;dodf :k ] ug' {kb{5 jf Jofs6]l/of hgo - al=6l_ Bt -8fO{ k]n, afof] n]k_ # u fd k lt ln6/ kfgldf ld;fp/ ;f+emfsf] ;dodf :k ] ug' {kb{5. jf Snf]/fg6«flglnk f]n -sf]/fh]g_!*=% O;L )=$ ldln k lt ln6/ kfgldf ld;fo{af]6 lehg] u/l :k ] ug' {kb{5. ^ kmnkm"n afnl ) Joj;flos?kdf cf+k, lnrl,sfutl, c+u'/, cdjf v]tl ug'{ epsf s[ifsx?n] cfjzostf cg';f/ sf+65f+6 ug'{ /fd f] x'g5. sf+65f+6 ul/psf xf+ufx?sf] 3fpdf!)Üaf]8f]{ k]i6 nufpg' kb{5. x/]s lj?jfsf] d"n sf08df ;]dl hlt dfly;dd!)ü af]8f]{k]i6 nufpg] pko'qm ;do xf]. ) ;j} hftsf kmnkm"ndf ;j} k sf/sf k f+ufl/s tyf /f;folgs dnvftsf] l;kmfl/; dfq lbg] pko'qm ;od oxl xf]. dnvfbdf d"n sf08af6 sdtldf lkm6 6f9f x'g] u/l s'n];f] agfo{ /fvl df6f]n] k'/l l;+rfo{ ug'{ kb{5. l;+rfo{sf] ;'ljwf gepsf s[ifsx?n] dnvfb /fvl ;s]kl5 v/, k/fn, kft, kltª\u/, ;'s]sf] a:t'x?sf] 5fk f] lbg' pko'qm x'g5. ) cfufdl xktf x':;' klg nflu/xg] x'+bf o;} aif{ sfutl v]tl z'? ug'{ epsf s[ifsx?n] sfutlsf kft / slnnf d'gfnfo{ t';f/f]af6 hf]ufpg af+;sf] ef6fnfo{ pn6f] c+u ]hl -^_ cfsf/df uf8]/ k/fnn] 5f]Kg' kb{5. ) cf+kdf dfnkmd] {;g b]lvpsf 5g\ eg] /f]ul slnnf xf+ufx? sf65f+6 u/]/ hnfpg' kb{5. ;fy}! u fd Pg P P -GofKyflng Pl;l6s Pl;8_ k lt % ln6/ kfgldf 3f]nL af]6sf] kft lehg] u/l 5g' { kb{5. Pg P P 3f]n tof/ ubf{ c+wof/f]df ug' { kb{5 cgoyf ;"o{sf] ls/0fn] xdf] {gsf] c;/ lg:t]h ul/lbg5. ) s]/f v]tl ug' { epsf s[ifsx?n] s]/fnfo{ lr;f]af6 x'g] Iflt sd lbgsf] km/sdf xnsf l;+rfo{ ug' { pko'qm x'g5. ) s]/fsf] u'ef] ;'Sg] ;d:ofsf] Joj:yfkgsf] nflu u fd k lt ln6/ kfgldf ld;fo{ k To]s &!) lbgsf] km/sdf # $ k6s 5g' { kb{5. o;f] ubf{ klg lgogq0f gepdf s[lif ljsf; sfof{nodf ;Dks{ ug' { kb{5. ^ cfn' M cfn' e08f/0f ljlw M cfn'nfo{ cwof/f], ;'Vvf / lr;f] -5f]6f] ;dosf nflu!) ) ;]ln;o; egbf sd / nfdf] ;dosf] nflu tyf alp e08f/0fsf] nflu! $ ) ;]ln;o;df_ 7fpFdf sf7sf afs;, Knfli6ssf qm]6 of ofsdf lkm+hfp/ # tx;dd ldnfp/ /fvg' kb{5. o;/l /fvbf b'o{ txsf] jlrdf klqsf cf]5\ofp/ /fvg'kb{5. nfdf] ;do;dd e08f/0f ug'{kg]{ cfn'nfo{ cwof/f] ;'Vvf / lr;f] sf]7fdf!)!% ) xktf;dd grnfo{sg /fvgfn] af]qmf aflsng5 / bfgfdf /x]sf] /f]usl/fn] Iflt gk' ofpsf, rf]6k6s gnfu]sf bfgf e08f/0f ug'{kb{5 t/ o:tf bfgfnfo{ lk mhdf / l8klk mhdf, cgo kmnkm"nsf] glhs e08f/0f ug'{ x'+b}g. / e08f/ ug'{ l7s cl3 kfgln] kvfng' klg x'+b}g. t/sf/l afnlx? M uf]ne] +8fsf] 89'jf M o;sf] Joj:yfkgsf] nflu 89'jf k sf]k cf+sng ug{ lkmn8 lgl/if0f ug'{ kb{5. olb sd 89'jf k sf]k sd 5 eg] d]gsf]h]j &%Ü u fd k lt ln6/ kfgldf 3f]n]/ :k ] ug]{. olb 89'jfsf] k sf]k a9l g} 5 eg] ls nfls;n Pd=h]8 &@Ü k ltzt 8An' kl=sf] u fd k lt ln6/ kfgldf 3f]n]/ :k ] ug]{. ) sfpnl, agbf nufpsf] $% %) lbg eo{;s]sf] epdf &!) u fd o"l/of -! rdrf_ af]6sf] jl/kl/ 3]/f agfo{ /fvl k'g'{ kb{5. bf]; f] 6k8«]; ul/;s]kl5 l;+rfo{ u'g{ kb{5. ) lxp+b] t/sf/l afnlsf] h/f s'lxg] /f]usf] Joj:yfkg ug{ sfjf]{g8folhd-a]leli6g_%)ü 8An' lk=sf]! u fd k lt ln6/ kfgldf 3f]nL :k ]o/af6 af]6 km]blehg] u/l 5g'{ kb{5. ) v';f{glsf] kmn nflu;s]sf] cj:yfdf kft tyf kmndf nfug] yf]kn] /f]u -;sf{:kf]/f / PGy fsgf]h /f]u_ nfug ;Sg] x'gfn] a]leli6g %)Ü 8An'= u fd k lt ln6/ kfgldf 3f]nL kft tyf kmn lehg] u/l 5g' { kb{5. ) kmn lbg] uf]ne]8f / e] +8] v';f{glnfo{ c? afnl egbf cln al9 vfbttjsf] cfjzostf x'g] epsf]n] klxnf] afnl l6lkpsf] lbgsf] km/sdf o'l/f dn!) u fd k lt af]6sf] b/n] 6k8«]; ug'{ kb{5. o:t} u/l ;'Id vfb ttj h:t} dln6kn]s; l6«kn]s; Pu PdPn k lt ln6/ kfgldf 3f]n]/ af]6df :k ] ug' { kb{5. cgo ) ;fk]lifs cfb {tf 36a9 eo{/xg] x'gfn] 3/df e08f/0f ul/psf] vfbfgg tyf alpnfo{ /f]u tyf sl/faf6 arfpg ;do ;dodf x]/rf ug' { pko'qm x'g5. ) v]taf/ldf b]lvg] ;j} sl/fx? xflgsf/s x+'b}gg\. t;y{ sl/f b]lvg] ljlqs} ljiffblsf] k of]u gu/f}+. ldqhlj sl/fx? h:t} dfs'/f, ufo{g] sl/f, ;ft yf]kn], vk6] sl/f, af?nf, gd:g] sl/f- k ]O8\u d]g6l8_ b]lvpdf ltglx?sf] ;+/If0f / ;Dj4{g u/f}+. ) df}/l 3f/df /f]u, ;'n;'n] / /fg' ep gepsf] lgoldt cjnf]sg ug' { kb{ {5. lr;f] a9\g] qmd hf/l epsf]n] df}/l 3f/nfO{ rf/}lt/af6 Knfli6sn] a]/]/ /fvg' kb{5. df}/lsf] rfsfx?df dx 5 ls 5}g elg cjnf]sg ubf{ olb dx 5}g eg] lrgl rf:gl -!)) u fd kfgldf!) u fd lrgl pdfng] / kl5 ;]nfpsf] 3f]n_ agfp/ cfjzostf cg';f/ v'jfpg' kb{5. afnl ;+/If0f!= nfxl -PkmL8_ M )! efu ufo{sf] ux' t / $ efu kfgl ld;fo{ /fte/l /fv]/ nfxl nfu]sf] 7fp df lehg] u/l ef]nlkn6 cg's"n df};ddf 5s{g' /fd f] x'g5. ) dfnflyog %) ld=ln= k lt ln6/sf] b/n] kfgldf ld;fo{ nfxl nfu]sf] 7fpFdf lehg] u/l cg's"n d};ddf 5s{g' pko'qm x'g5. ) gof kfn'jfdf nfxl, lnkm dfo{g/, ;'n;'n] nfug] epdf ;jo{ jf P6\;f] t]n!% ld=ln= k lt ln6/ kfgldf ld;fo{!% lbgsf] km/sdf 5g' { pko'qm x'g5. 3_ kz'kfng M ) s'v'/fdf ljkm/ /f]u nfug glbg ^ b]lv * xktfsf s'v'/fnfo{ kv]6fsf] leql efudf tof/ kf/]sf] vf]kdf rf]jn]/ l;of]n] # $ k6s vf]k lbg' kb{5. ) s'v'/fsf] l;=cf/=l8 lgdf]lgofsf] nflu 6fO{nf]lg 6f6f{/]6 gfds cf}ifwl e]6]l/gl/og cg'ejl k fljlwssf] ;Nnfxdf ;kmf kfgldf 3'n]/ $ % lbg;dd vfg lbg' kb{5. ) lk=lk= cf/ /f]u nfug glbg # dlxgfegbf dflysf e]8f afv fdf ;f] /f]u lj?4sf] EoflS;g nufpg' pko'qm x'g5. hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf sf/0f s[lif If]q k efljt lj/f6gu/g. s[lif ljsf; dgqfnocgtu{tsf] hnjfo' k sf]k ;d'tyfg lgdf{0f cfof]hgfsf] s[lif JoJf:yfkg ;"rgf k 0ffnL ljifos lj/f6gu/df Pslbg] sfo{zfnf uf]i7ldf ;DkGg u/]sf] 5. cgt/f{li6"o lj1sf] cg';gwfgsf cfwf/df hnjfo'' kl/jt{gsf] gsf/ftds c;/ kl//x]sf / kg{ ;Sg] b]zx sf] ;"rldf g]kfn rf}yf] :yfgdf kg] { hnjfo' lj1x n] ;f] uf]li7df hfgsf/l u/fpsf x'g\. hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf sf/0f dg;'gl xfjfkfglsf] k efjdf x'g] cltj[li6 tyf cgfj[li6, cl:y/ ef}ule{s agf]6, ljsf;sf k"jf{wf/sf sdl, s[lifdf lge{/ cy{joj:yfnufotsf sf/0fn] hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] ;Gbe{df g]kfn a9l k efljt x'g] u/]sf] 5. cfof]hgfn] hnjfo' k sf]kaf6 s[lif If]qdf x'g;sg] hf]lvd Ifltx nfo{ Go"gLs/0f ug{ ;/sf/sf] Ifdtfsf] clej[l4 ug] {, af9l / ;' 'Svfsf] ] hf] ]lvdsf] c;/ kg{ ;Sg] s[ifs ;d' 'bfodf ;ts{tf / ;xof] ]u ug] {nufotsf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul//x]s]f 5. cfof]hgfn] d'n'ssf] cltk lhnnfnfo{ 5gf]6 u/l )&! ;fndf cf7 lhnnf / o; rfn' cfjdf yk cf7 lhnnfdf sfo{qmd ;''? ul/psf] / cfufdl jif{b]]lv yk gf} lhnnfdf sfo{qmd ;'? ul/g] hgfpsf] 5. df};dsf ;fy} s[lif / kz';dagwl ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{sf nflu g]kfn 6]lnsd;Fu cfof]hgfn] ;Demf}tf u/l?!)) sf] Dff}Hbft;lxt kffr xhf/ %)) df]afon kmf]g, l;dsf ;fy} k ltdlxgf!% PdaLsf] 8f6fa}Fs lgmz'ns kdf 5gf]6df k/]sf k To]s lhnnfsf %) hgf s[ifs cu'jfnfo{ pknaw u/fog]5 ;d]t ;f] sfo{qmddf atfoof]. ;f] cj;/df hnjfo' k sf]k ;d'tyfg lgdf{0f cfof]hgfsf lgb]{zs lzjggbgk ;fb ;fxn] hnjfo'sf sf/0f #$ lhnnfdf vfb c;'/lift /x]sf] / ut jif{!* xhf/ $&) x]s6/ v]tlof]uo hldg 8'afgdf k/]sf] / rfn' cfjdf Ps nfv #% xhf/ ($@ x]s6/ hldgdf v8]/l k/]sf] hfgsf/l u/fpsf 5g\. ISO k dfl0ft g]kfnsf] klxnf] PsLs[t s[lif Joj;fo >Lgu/ ljut!$ aif{b]lv ls;fgx?nfo{ s[lif k]zfdf cfly{s?kn] ;d[4 agfpgsf] nflu cfjzos kg]{ u'0f:t/lo n]o;{ / a f]on/ rnnf, df5fsf] e"/f, df5fsf] t}l/g] bfgf / kz'k+iflsf bfgf ptkfbg Pj+ ljqml ljt/0f ub}{ cfo{/x]sf] >Lgu/ Pu f] kmfd{n] cfo{p; cf] k dfl0ft k fkt ug{ ;kmn epsf] 5. PsLs[t s[lif Joj;fo ub}{ cfo{/x]sf] g]kfnsf] klxnf] s[lif kmfd{df?kdf >Lgu/n] cfkmnfo{ :yflkt u/fpg ;kmn epsf] 5. ISO k dfl0ft PsLs[t s[lif Joj;fodf ;lqmo >Lgu/ Pu f] kmfd{sdf] lhdd]jf/l cem yk epsf] 5. kz'k+ifl / df5fsf] bfgf ptkfbgdf gjlgtd\ k ljlwsf ;fy cgt/f{li6«o :t/df bfgfsf] ;"q lgwf{/0fdf Vofltk fkt tyf cg'ejl lj1x?sf] k ToIf lgu/fgldf prr u'0f:t/sf] k"0f{?kn] ;Gt'nt bfgf ptkfbg ug] { sfo{qmddf lg/gt/ lqmofzln /x]s} sf/0f >Lgu/n] ISO k dfl0ft xfl;n ug{ ;kmn epsf] 5. cfkm\gf] :yfkgf sfnb]lv g} ls;fgx?nfo{ cfjzos kg] { k fljlws ;xof]u, tflnd tyf k/fdz{ lgmz'ns pknaw u/fp/ ls;fgx?nfo{ k ltikwl{ / ;kmn agfpg] sfddf klg kmfd{ lqmofzln ep/ nflu/x]s]f b]lvg5. b]zsf] cfly{s a[l4 b/ a9fpgsf nflu s[lifsf] Jofj;flos/0f ug'{sf] ljsnkg g/x]sf] egb} >Lgu/n] s[lif dfkm{t ls;fgx?nfo{ hfu?s / bif agfpg] sfo{df k ltj4 ep/ nfu]sf] b]lvg5. ISO k dfl0ft >Lgu/n] ljutdf u'0f:t/lo tyf :j:y a f]on/ rnnfx?, u'0f:t/lo tyf :j:y n]o;{ rnnfx?, ;'gf}nf] bfgf ;Gt'lnt cfxf/, k+iflx?sf] u'0f:t/lo k]n]6 bfgf, o;}u/l ufo{, e};l / a+u'/sf] u'0f:t/lo k]n]6 bfgf, g]kfnsf] klxnf] cgt/f{li6«o PS6';g k ljlwaf6 ptkflbt df5fsf] t}l/g] bfgf, :j:y, tfhf tyf u'0f:t/lo pkef]uo a:t' uf]n8]g k f]8s6;\sf ;fy{ ahf/ Joj:yfkgsf sfo{x? ;d]t ub}{ cfo{/x]sf] 5.

5 s[lif ;fktflxs pktosfsf rf/} gfsfdf ljiffbl r]shf+r sf7df8f}+. t/sf/l tyf vfb afnldf k of]u x'g] ljiffblnfo{ Go"lgs/0f ug{sf nflu ls;fgx? dfem hfgsf/l u/fp+b} cfo{/x]sf] s[lif ljsf; dgqfno afnl ;+/If0f lgb]{zgfnon] cj pktosf k j]z ug]{ rf/} gfsfdf ljiffbl r]shf+r z'? u/]sf] 5. sf7df8f} + pktosfdf leqg] clwsf+z t/sf/l tyf vfb afnldf ljiffbl k of]usf] dfqf ctolws e]l6pkl5 cl3nnf] aif{ c;f/df sfnldf6l t/sf/l ahf/df ljiffbl hf+r s]gb :yfkgf kzrft sfnldf6ldf leqg] t/sf/l tyf kmnkm"ndf ljiffbl k of]u ul/psf] gcfpkl5 pkef]qmfx?n] cgoq ahf/df hfg] u'gf;f] ub}{ cfo{/x]sf 5g\. pkef]qmfx?sf] u'gf;f] k z:t ;'lgpkl5 sf7df8f}+ pktosf leqg] rf/} gfsf yfgsf]6, sfe ]sf] huftl, blif0fsfnl, ssgldf afnl ;+/If0f lgb] {zgfno / vfb k ljlw tyf u'0f lgogq0f ljefusf] ;+o'qm cfof]hgfdf ut ;f]daf/b]lv pktosf leqg] t/sf/l a:t' b]lv vfb a:t';dd ljiffbl k o]fu ul/psf r]shf+r ug]{ z'? u/]sf] xf]. u'0f:t/xlg vfb a:t' leqg /f]sgsf nflu o:tf] 58\s] ljiffbl r]shf+r ug]{ sfo{sf] yfngl ul/psf] afnl ;+/If0f lgb]{zgfnosf sfo{qmd lgb]{zs 8f= l8nnl/fd zdf{n] atfpsf 5g\. pkef]qmfx?sf] :jf:yonfo{ Wofgdf /fvb} sfnldf6ldfq geo{ pktosf leqg] s'g} klg t/sf/l a:t' jf vfb a:t'x? u'0f:t/lotsf nflu cfkm"x?n] ;+o'qm?kdf kxn u/]sf] atfp. 58\s] ljiffbl r]shf+rsf ;do ;+slnt gd"gfx?df ljiffblsf] dfqf gepsf] kfopsf] ;d]t zdf{n] atfp. rf/}gfsfdf ljiffbl hf+r tyf u'0f:t/ r]shf+r ul/g] epkl5 pkef]qmfx?n] u'0f:t/lo vfbfgg pkef]u ug{ kfpg] epsf ;fn kmfu'g ( ut] cfotaf/ g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgdf yf?sf] clwsf/ g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgdf yf?sf] xs clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd Joj:yf ul/psf] 5. ) jul{o, hftlo, If]qLo, eflifs, wfld{s, lje]b cgto ug]{. ) ;dfg'kflts ;dfj]zl / ;xeflutfd"ns l;4fgtsf cfwf/df ;dtfd"ns ;dfhsf] lgdf{0f ug]{. ) df}lns xs tyf dfgj clwsf/sf d"no / dfgotf ;'lglzrt ug]{ /fhosf] /fhgllts p2]zo x'g]. ) ;fdfgo sfg"gsf] k of]udf ptklq, wd{, j0f{, hft, hflt, ln+u, efiff jf If]q, j}rfl/s cf:yf jf cgo s'g} cfwf/df e]befj gul/g]. ) ;fdflhs jf ;f+:s[lts b[li6n] lk5l8psf yf nufot gful/ssf] ;+/If0f, ;zqmls/0f jf ljsf;sf nflu sfg"g adf]lhd ljz]if Joj:yf ug]{. ) g]kfndf a;f]af; ug{ ] k To]s g]kfnl ;d'bfonfo{ sfg"g adf]lhd cfkm\gf] dft[efiffdf lziff kfpg] / To;sf nflu ljbfno tyf z}lifs ;+:yf vf]ng] / ;~rfng ug{] xs x'g]. ) g]kfndf a;f]af; ug{ ] k To]s g]kfnl;d'bfonfo{ cfkm\gf] efiff, lnlk, ;+:s[lt, ;f+:s[lts ;Eotf / ;Dkbfsf] ;+jw{g / ;+/If0fug{] xs x'g]. ) ;fdflhs kn] k5fl8 k/]sf yf? ;d]tnfo{ ;dfj]zl l;4fgtsf cfwf/df /fhosf] lgsfodf ;xeful x'g kfpg] ;fdflhs Gofosf] xs x'g]. ) d'qm sdxn/l, e"ldxlg, ;'s'daf;lx sf] klxrfg u/l a;f]af;sf nflu 3/ 38]/L tyf hlljsf]kfh{gsf nflu s[lifof]uo hdlg jf /f]huf/lsf] Joj:yf ub}{ k'gm:yfkgf ug]{. ) ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf]?kdf Ps yf? cfof]usf] Joj:yf ul/psf]. ) /fhosf] ;+/rgf ubf{ ;dfgtfdf cfwfl/t ;dtfd"ns ;dfh, ;dfj]zl k ltlglwtj / klxrfgsf] ;+/If0f ug] {. ) /fi6«klt / pk/fi6«klt km/s km/s ln+u jf ;d'bfosf] x'g]. ) ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k 0ffnL adf]lhd x'g] k ltlglw ;ef / k b]z ;efsf] lgjf{rgsf nflu /fhgllts bnn] pdd]bjf/l lb+bf ;dfj]zl cfwf/df ug]{. ) ;+j}wflgs cfof]usf]?kdf /fli6«o ;dfj]zl cfof]usf] Joj:yf ul/psf]. ) g]kfnl ;]gfdf yf? ;d]tsf] k j]z ;dfgtf / ;dfj]zl l;4fgtsf] cfwf/df ul/g]. ) g]kfnl /fhb"t / ljz]if k ltlglw;dfj]zl l;4fgtsf] cfwf/df lgo'lqm ul/g]. ) ;+j}wflgs c+u / lgsfosf kbdf ;dfj]zl l;4fgtsf] cfwf/df lgo'lqm ul/g]. ) hg;+vofsf] 3gTj, ef}uf]lns ljlzi6tf, k zf;lgs Pj+ oftfoftsf] ;'udtf, ;fd'bflos tyf ;f+:s[lts kifnfo{ ;d]t Wofg /fvb} sfo{ ug{sf nflu lgjf{rg If]q lgwf{/0f x'g]. g]kfn ;/sf/ sfg"g, Gofo tyf ;+;blo dfldnf dgqfno g]kfn ;/sf/ ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ k ljlw dgqfno ;"rgf ljefu ljiffbl k of]u Go"lgs/0f cleofgdf snfsf/ cf] dfo{ ne;+u} lkmndl ls/f] sf7df8f}+. s'g} a]nf lttf] ;To 6]lnlkmNddf cf] dfo{ ne sf?kdf rlr{t snf/sf lji0f'eqm k'm+ofn ls;fg / pkef]qmfx?nfo{ ljiffbl k of]u ;DjlGw hgr]tgf clea[l4 ug]{ cleofgdf h'6]sf 5g\. ls;fgx?nfo{ ljiffbl k of]u / To;af6 dfgj :jf:yodf x'g] c;/x?sf] af/]df hgr]tgf clea[l4 ug{sf nflu oltv]/ lhnnfsf ls;fga:tldf k'u]/ kmls{psf] atfp. sfe ]sf] kfrvfn tfdf3f6df co{of / cftyf egb}?gr] :j/df snf/sf cf] dfo{ nenfo{ b]v]kl5 kffrvfnaf;l crdd g} k/]sf lyp. pglx? lji0f'eqm km'+ofn g} h:t} c? g} sf]xl xf] ls egg] cfz+sf JoQm ub}{ lyp t/?+b} d~rdf b]lvpsf snfsf/ c? gep/ g]kfn 6]lnlehgsf kbf{df bz{snfo{ x+;fp+b} cfo{/x]sf pg} lji0f'eqm km'+ofn g} lyp. cf+vfe/l cf+z' lnp/ plepsf] b]lvpkl5 pgnfo{ dfof ug]{ bz{s pgnfo{ s] ef] eg]/ ;f]wg] egbf klg cf] dfo{ ne egb} x'l6ë ub}{ lyp. gf6s ljiffbl ljif xf] cf}ifwl xf]ogdf clego ul//x]sf cf]dfo{ ne /f]o{/x]sf] b]v]kl5 kffrvfnaf;l em'ldp/ ;f]wb} lyp s] ef] af tkfo{nfo{ < lji0f'eqm km'+ofn egb} lyp ot} b'vof] pt} b'vof] wfdln] klg l7s kfl/lbpg /f]utn] ;tfof] egb} lyp. Tof] egfo{ jf:tljsdf?kdf egbf klg t/sf/l af/ldf ljiffbl k of]u ug]{ ls;fgsf?kdf plep/ clejoqm ul//x]sf lyp. cf] dfo{ ne /f]o{/xfbf csf{ snfsf/ nf]s af Pj+ lkmndl ls/f]sf?kdf lrlgpsf snfsf/ ;Gtf]if vgfn klg d~rdf b]lvp. ljlegg 6]lnlkmNd Pj+ ;"rgfd"ns 6]lnlj1fkgdf xf+:o snfsf/?kdf lrlgpsf vgfnn] ls;fgx?n] s;/l ljiffbl k of]u ul//x]sf 5g\ egg] tyonfo{ phfu/ ul//x]sf lyp. ls;fg s} e"ldsfdf b]lvpsf ;Gtf]ifn] bz{snfo{ k]6ldrl ldrl xf;fpsf lyp. s';'d gf6\o ;d"xsf cwoif ;d]t /x]sf snfsf/ lji0f'eqm km'+ofnsf] g]t[tjdf xj a f]8sfl:6ën] ;+of]hg u/]s]f ;f] gf6s s[lif ljsf; dgqfno, afnl ;+/If0f lgb]{zgfnosf] cfof]hgfdf sfe ], wflbª / lrtjgsf ^ :yfgdf d~rg epsf] lyof]. ljiffbl ljif xf] cf}ifwl xf]ogú zlif{ssf] gf6s t/sf/l afnldf ljiffbl a9l k of]u ug]{ lhnnfsf?kdf ljutdf kl/lrt epsf] sfe ], wflbª / lrtjgsf ls;fg / pkef]qmfx?nfo{ nlift u/l k b{zg ul/psf] lyof]. clxn] ljiffbl k of]u sdl x'g yfn]sf] epklg ls;fg Pj+ pkef]qmfx?nfo{ ljiffbl k of]un] dfgj :jf:yodf k' ofpg] xfgl gf]s;fglsf af/]df ;8s gf6ssf dfwodaf6 hgr]tgf clea[l4 ug]{ sfo{df snfsf/x?sf] 6f]nL tl lhnnfdf k'u]sf lyp. km'+ofns} n]vg tyf lgb]{zgdf k b{zg ul/psf] ;f] gf6sn] ljiffbl k of]un] SofG;/, d[uf]nfsf] /f]u, dlxnfx?df x'g] affemf]kg, a ]g 6\o"d/ ;Ddsf /f]u nfug ;Sg] epsfn] /f;folgs ljiffbl k of]u ug{ gx'g] ;Gb]z gf6sn] lbpsf] lyof]. gf6sdf xf+:o snfsf/x?sf] afx'notf /x]sf] lyof]. snfsf/x? lji0f'eqm km'+ofnsf] ;fydf ;Gtf]if vgfn, z'lznf cof{n, /fh' l3ld/], h+u kxf8l, ;/Ltf /fhf]kfwofo, /d]z wdnf nufotsf snfsf/x?n] cleog u/]sf lyp. ;8s gf6s x]/]kl5 lhnnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no tfdf3f6 ;]jf s]gb sf k d'v /fd]zj/ >]i7n] gf6s jf:tljstf;+u d]n vfg] epsf] / ljutdf kffrvfn s} 36gf h:tf] b]lvg] u/l k :t't ul/psfn] bz{sx?n] cgo If]qdf klg gf6s k b{zgsf nflu cfu x u/]sf] atfp. lrtjgsf] gf6s k b{zgdf eg] lhnnf s[lif sfof{nosf k d'vb]lv sd{rf/l Pj+ lrtjgaf;l cf] dfo{ nesf km\ofgx? xf+:o snfsf/ lji0f'eqm k'm+ofnsf] clego;+u /dfp+b} pgl+;u kmf]6f] lvrfpg]x?sf] el8 g} nfu]sf] b]lvgyof]. %

6 s[lif Nepal's First Agriculture weekly Feb ;fktflxs 21, 2016, ;fn kmfu'g Sunday ( ut] cfotaf/ 6 Govt introduces plan to make country self-reliant on egg, milk Kathmandu : The government has introduced a plan to make the country self-reliant on egg, meat and milk production. Minister for Livestock Development Shanta Manawi made public a 40-point commitment paper prepared by the Ministry in this regard after 33 days of the creation of the new ministry in the cabinet. At present, yearly consumption of milk by per person is 64 liters in Nepal against the international minimum consumption of 91 litters. Likewise, one person consumes 11 kilograms meat in Nepal annually and 32 eggs against the international minimum consumption of 14 kilograms meat and 48 eggs. According to the commitment letter released by the ministry, Nepal produces 1,734 metric tonnes milk, 330,000 metric tonnes of meat and 900 million eggs annually. To achieve the target, Nepal should increase production of milk by 35 percent, meat by 25 percent and eggs by 45 percent. Likewise, the commitments have stated effectively implementing the drive to provide subsidy in agriculture and livestock farms, establish fodder resource centres, focus on the production of vaccines and check quality of meat among others. Digital platform will be launched on April 14 : Naredra Modi SEHORE (MP): A digital platform for enabling farmers to sell their produce at a better rate anywhere in the country will be launched on April 14, Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced here today as he resolved to ensure doubling of the farmers' income by Modi, who unveiled guidelines for the recentlylaunched Prime Minister's Crop Insurance Scheme at a rally here, said this was one of the various initiatives of his government aimed at ensuring the welfare of the farmers who have been in distress due to vagaries of weather. Besides the Crop Insurance Scheme, he spoke about Soil Health Card scheme, PM's Irrigation Scheme, Organic farming, ensuring adequate availability of urea and ethanol-blending programme to help the sugarcane farmers and also pitched for 'Start-Up' initiatives in agriculture sector. He pushed for more and more use of modern technology and equipment along with traditional wisdom of farming to boost the agriculture sector, not only to meet the domestic needs but also cater to the demands from abroad. "We want to integrate technology in the agriculture sector. There should be a mix of progressive farming and age-old wisdom," the Prime Minister said. Noting that the farmers do not get adequate price for his produce despite working hard as he has no choice but to sell in the nearby mandis, he said the government has decided to address this by adopting a digital mechanism. "We are setting up a National Agriculture Market, a virtual and digital platform, in the coming days...on April 14, the birth anniversary of B R Ambedkar, we will launch the online platform," Modi said at the rally which was attended by union ministers Sushma Swaraj, Radha Mohan Singh, Chief Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan besides others. He said this platform will enable the farmers, using a mobile phone, to sell their produce anywhere in the country, wherever they can get a better price. At the rally, the Prime Minister said all states as well as agriculture community should take a pledge to double the farmers' income by 2022, the 75th year of the country's Independence. "We will do whatever is required achieve this." Under the e-agri platform, the government is working towards integrating all the 585 wholesale mandis of the country by 2018 in a phased manner, for which Rs 200 crore have been earmarked as of now. In the first phase, 200 mandis will be integrated by this March-end while another 200 will be connected to the online platform in 2017 and the rest by The Centre has received proposals from states like Karnataka, Gujarat, Telangana and Maharashtra for developing necessary infrastructure in wholesale markets. A strategic partner for implementing the national agri e-market has also been identified. While talking about the Crop Insurance Scheme launched recently, the Prime Minister took a dig at his detractors, saying "even those who never stop attacking Modi and try various means to project him (Modi) as antifarmer have not dared to criticise this programme". At the 'Kisan Kalyan Mela', he said the earlier Crop Insurance Schemes were such that the farmers did not have trust and only 20 per cent of them took the policies. Targeting at least 50 per cent coverage of farmers under this Nepali paper industry established in Tanahun Tanahun, : A local resident Santosh Sigdel has set up a Nepali paper industry at Shuklagandaki Municipality-3 in Tanahun, in an attempt to promote local products. The industry has been established with an investment of Rs. 10 million. Sigdel said that the factory spreading over 10 ropani of land around 11 months ago is doing well, while providing job opportunities to many locals. He said that 2,000 to 3,000 thousand bundles of papers are produced on a daily basis. While talking about the market, where local products are struggling to find their way, he said that there is demand for the products from local market and neighbouring districts like Chitwan, Kaski, Gorkha and Lamjung. The paper is made from the peels of local trees like 'Babiyo' and 'Argeli' among others. Lake conservation for irrigation facility Dang : The locals at Rampur VDC in Dang district have united for the conservation of a lake for irrigating the lands in the nearby areas. The locals have worked together for the job after the productivity of the land was reduced for lack of irrigation facility. Currently, they are working for the conservation of Bhotedaha (lake) and wetland areas to irrigate as high as 40 bigha land. Rammani Pandey, a local resident, said that locals have done commercial vegetable farming and have grown seasonal crops by using the water of the wetland and lake. The locals were given Rs 300,000 each from the Transformation for Lake Conservation and District Soil Conservation Office for the conservation bids. Chairman of community forests users' group, Tilakram Poudel, said that the wells in the villages have also seen water level coming up after the lake conservation. scheme, Modi said the new programme addresses all the apprehensions of the farmers, has no cap on claims and has a cap of 2 per cent on premium unlike the premium of up to 14 per cent in earlier schemes. Contending that welfare of farmers has been top priorit of all BJP governments, Modi said, "The first attempt of crop insurance was made by the Atal Bihari Vajpayee government. Then the government changed and some alterations were made to that scheme. Because of that the (UPA) government benefitted but led to mistrust among the farmers. "The result was that farmers started running away from this scheme. Despite natural calamities, they were not willing to take this insurance policy and not more than 20 per cent farmers associated with it." He said his government's effort has been to create trust in the insurance scheme by addressing all their apprehensions. "I have an expectation from you (farmers). At least, try it once, repose faith in this new scheme, at least once... More and more farmers should take this policy. Today, only 20 per cent of farmers have taken this policy, can it be raised to 50 per cent? If more number of farmers take this policy, it will mean more financial burden on the government. Despite this, I urge you all to associate with this scheme," he said. He said earlier the farmers would get compensation only when 50 per cent crop was damaged due to natural calamity but the norms have been relaxed and compensation will be given even if the damage is caused to 1/3rd of the crop area.

7 s[lif ;fktflxs ;fn kmfu'g ( ut] cfotaf/ 7 a} +s tyf ljqlo ;+:yfn] ls;fgdfly 7uL u/]sf] cf/f]k lrtjg. /fli6«o Jofj;flos kz'kfng tyf b"w ptkfbs s[ifs ;dfh g]kfnn] ax'd'vl df]8]naf6 g]kfndf kz'kfng tyf b"w ptkfbgsf] If]qdf ljsf; u/l /fi6«nfo{ ;du s[lifdf cftdlge{/ agfpg ;lsg] atfpsf] 5. kz'sf] sdkf]i6 dn k of]u u/l cuf{lgs vfbfgg, kmnkm"n, t/sf/l ptkfbgaf6 d'gfkmf lno{ b"w ptkfbgsf] If]qdf kmf:6 6\of{sdfkm{t ljsf; ug{ ;lsg] /fli6«o Jofj;flos kz'kfng tyf b"w ptkfbs s[ifs ;dfh g]kfnsf s]gb Lo cwoif cfggb Go'/]n] atfpsf 5g\. /fhon] s[ifsnfo{ ;xl ;Daf]wg ug{ ;s] cfufdl tlg jif{leq d'n's s[lifdf cftdlge{/ agg] cwoif Go'/]n] 7f]s'jf ;d]t u/]sf 5g\. g]kfndf b"w ptkfbs If]qn] s'n u fx:yo ptkfbgsf] gf} k ltzt If]q cf]u6]sf] atfp+b} pgn] Jofj;flos kz'kfng tyf b"w ptkfbgsf] Jofks ;kmntfsf] ;Defjgf /x]sf] atfp. pgn] kf r lhnnf Ps s[lif ptkfbgnfo{ k of]u u/l lzlift o'jf zlqmn] b]z}df sdfpg] jftfj/0f tof/ ug{ /fhonfo{ cfu x u/].g]kfn /fi6«a}+s, ljlegg a}+s tyf ljqlo ;+:yfx?, ljlegg pbf]ul, ;+3;+:yf tyf g]kfnsf /fhg}lts bnx?n] s[lif k];fnfo{ ;sf/ftds b[li6sf]0faf6 x]g{;s] d'n's ljsf;sf] ultdf bu'g] { pgsf] egfo lyof]. g]kfn ;/sf/n] s[lif aldf sfo{qmd nfu" u/l s]xl xf};nf k bfg u/]sf] ep klg a}+s tyf ljqlo ;+:yfn] cfkm"x?dfly 7uL u/]sf] cwoif Go'/]n] cf/f]k nufp. a} +s ljqlo ;+:yfn] g]kfn /fi6«a}+ssf] cfb]zcg'?k ;/sf/sf] lg0f{osf cfwf/df ;j{;'ne s[lif a'6jn. /Ëlj/ËL ljlegg hftsf df5f, To;sf] ;+u} /flvpsf] k ToIf df5f an5ldf km;fpg ;lsg] /f]dfgrs v]n gjnk/f;ldf hf/l klzrdf~rn :tl/o cf}bf]ula Jofkf/ d]nfdf hfg] hf] sf]xlsf] klg o;n] tfgg ;S5. d]nfdf k'j{ ;f+;b b]j]gb /fh kf08], o'jf Joj;foL /d]z kf}8]n / lhnnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{no gjnk/f;ln] ltg j6f 5' f 5' } df5f kf]v/l lgdf{0f u/]sf 5g\. s[lqd?kdf lgdf{0f ul/psf] df5f kf]v/ldf lhnnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{non] ljlegg k hftldf df5f kb{zgsf] nflu /fv]sf] 5 eg] o'jf Joj;foL /d]z kf}8]nn] Ho'bf] df5f ljlqm ;+u} d]nfdf cfpg] bz{sx?nfo{ k ToIf df5f dfg] {-nfo{e lkml;ë_sf] Joj:yf u/]sf 5g\. d]nfdf cfpg] ls;fgx?nfo{ df5f kfng ;DaGwL cfjzos k/fd;{ / tflndsf] ;d]t Joj:yf ul/psf] Jofkfl/s d]nf s[lif k]lelnog ;+of]hs uf]kfn kf08]n] hfgsf/l lbp. pgsf cg';f/ lhnnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{nosf] dt;o ljsf; k fljlws 6f]nLn] cfjzos k/fd;{ k bfg ug] { ul/psf] 5. gjnk/f;l pbf]u afl0fho ;+3sf] cfof]hgfdf ;'gjndf hf/l d]nfdf ls;fgsf! ;o %) k s[ltsf s[lif hgo j:t' k b{zgsf] nflu /flvpsf] 5. s]/fsf] dmd, s]/fsf] ksf}8f, Rofpsf] dmd, Rofpsf] kfsf}6fsf] cltl/qm ;+;f/sf] ;a}egbf 7'nf] r/f cli6«hsf] ljlegg kl/sf/x? / cli6«h r/f ;d]t k b{zgdf /flvpsf] 5. d]nfdf kb{zgdf /flvpsf] s[lifhgo a:t' k lt:kfwf{sf cfwf/df ls;fgnfo{ k'/:s[t ug] { of]hgf ;d]t d]nf cfof]hs ;ldltn] agfpsf] 5. s[lif k]lelnog ;+of]hs kf08] eg5gg ls;fgx?nfo{ s[lifhgo ptkfbgsf] k lt:kwf{sf] cfwf/df k'/:s[t ug] { of]hgf ;d]t cuf8l a9fpsf 5f}. Ú s[lif k]lelnog ;+of]hs uf]kfn kf08] klg o'jf pbdlsf]?kdf cfkm'nfo{ peofpg] sf]zl; u/]sf] atfp5g\. pgl eg5g shf{ k lqmofdf ls;fgnfo{ ;xeful agfpg' kg]{df cwoif Go'/]sf] hf]8 5. a} +s tyf ljqlo ;+:yfn] s[ifsnfo{ b'mv lbg], sldzglagf C0f glbg] k j[lqsf] ljsf; epsfn] ls;fg ;+s6df k/]sf] s[ifs ;dfh g]kfnsf s]gb Lo ;b:o vu/fh kf7sn] cf/f]k nufp. g]kfndf Jofj;flos kz'kfng b"w ptkfbg ug]{ kmfd{x?sf] ;+/If0f gep b]zsf] cfly{s pgglt x'g g;sg] atfpfb} ;b:o kf7sn] b]z}el/sf Jofj;flos kz'kfns ls;fgx?, b"w ;xsf/lx?, b"w pbf]ux?nfo{ ;sf/ftds ;xof]u ug{;d]t ;a} lgsfox?;fu cfu x u/]sf 5g\. o;}alr oxl r}q!@ ut] /fli6«o Jofj;flos kz'kfng tyf b"w ptkfbs s[ifs ;dfh g]kfnsf] /fli6«o ;fwf/0f ;ef lrtjgdf x'g]epsf] 5. ;fwf/0f ;efsf] tof/l yflnpsf] s]gb sf cwoif Go'/]n] hfgsf/l lbp. gjnk/f;l d]nfdf df5fsf] cfsif{0f d}n] klg s[lif kmd{ :yfkgf u/l s[lif sd{nfo{ cuf8l a9fpsf] 5'.Ú ;f];fo{6l kmd{ P8 Plu snr/ sdkgl :yfkgf u/l clxn] afv f kfng sfo{cuf8l a9fpsf] egb} pgn] gjnk/f;l lhnnf o'jf pbdlx? s[lif If]qdf al9 nfu]sf] lhnnf epsf] atfp5g\. s[lif If]qdf o'jfx?sf] nufj /fd f] /x]sf] egb} pgn] g]kfn pbf]u afl0fho dxf;+3sf] Ps lhnnf Ps ptkfbg, Ps ufp Ps ptkfbg cleofgnfo{ ;fy{stf lbg cufdl lbgdf df5f kfng If]qdf pbf]u afl0fho ;+3n] nufgl ug] { of]hgf ;d]t cuf8l a9fopsf] pgn] hfgsf/l lbp. gjnk/f;l lhnnfdf $% lj3f ;Dd huuf ef8fdf lnp/ s[lif k f0ffnl ckgfpg] s[ifsx? /x]sf] egb} ;+of]hs kf08]n] df5f, kz'kfngdf gjnk/f;l lhnnfdf nufgl /fd f] epsf] / ;f]xl cg'kftdf ptkfbg ;d]t /fd f] epsf] pbf]u afl0fho ;+3 gjnk/f;lsf dxf;lrj ul/l/fh kf08] atfp5g\. To:t} :yflgo srrf kbf{yx?af6 ptkflbt ;dfg ;d]t d]nfdf k b{zgldf /flvpsf] 5. d]nfdf ldq /fi6«ef/t,kfls:tfg / a+ufb]zsf Jokf/Lx? ;d]t ;xeflutf /x]sf] 5. pglx?n] 5fnfhGo j:t' / v]nf}gfsf] ;dfg lalqm u/]sf] ;lrjfnon] hfgsf/l lbpsf] 5. s[i0f vgfn kz' ;]jf sfof{nodfly ;]jfu fxlsf] cf/f]k kf ry/, kmfu'g. lhnnf kz';]jf sfof{no kf ry/ dftxtdf /x]sf kz';]jf s]gb x n] k efjsf/l ;]jf lbg g;s]sf] u'gf;f] ;]jfu fxln] u/]sf 5g\. ;]jf s]gb Ú elgp klg ;]jf s]gb n] ;]jf lbg g;s]sf] u'gf;f] ;/f]sf/jfnfx n] u/]sf x'g\. lhnnf kz';]jf sfof{no kf ry/n] xfn} lkmlbddf cfof]hgf u/]sf] jflif{s of]hgf th' {df uf]i7ldf ;xeful lhnnfl:yt /fhgllts bnsf k d'v tyf k ltlglwx, kz' ljsf;;fu ;DalGwt ;+:yfsf k d'v tyf k ltlglwx, ljlegg ufp af6 cfpsf kz'kfnsx n] o:tf] u'gf;f] u/]sf x'g\. æ;dod} kz'sf] pkrf/ x'g g;sbf csfndf kz'sf] Hofg uo/x]sf] 5Æ ;]jf s]gb sf] ;]jf k efjsf/l gepsf] u'gf;f] ub}{ g]skf -Pdfn]_ kffry/sf ;lrj tlj]gb /fh rfkfufo{+n] eg] æ;]jf s]gb df epsf k fljlwsx af]nfpfbf gcfpg] / cfoxfn] klg l9nf] u/l cfpg] x' bf ljz]iftm arrf hgdfpg g;s]/ kz'sf] csfndf Hofg uo/x]sf] 5.Æ sfo{qmddf ;xeful g]skf -qmflgtsf/l dfcf]jfbl_sf ;lrj ljzfn /;fonln] kz';]jf s]gb x df k fljlws gx' bf u}/;/sf/l k fljlwsx v6fpg'k/]sf] / pglx n] dxfuf] z'ns lng] u/]sf] cfkm"n] kfpsf] atfp. æafv f, e]8f, ;' u'/nufot kz'sf] pkrf/df kz'sf] d"nohlt g} pkrf/ z'ns nfug] epkl5 ls;fgn] a? kz' g} d/f];\ egg yfn]sf 5g\Æ /;fonln]eg]. sfo{qmddf ;xeful s[ifsn] kz';]jf sfof{nodf k fljlws gx'bf ;/sf/l ;]jfaf6 jl~rt x'g'k/]sf] u'gf;f] u/]. æufo{, afv fnufot kz'sf nflu gfdn]sf] ;fdfgo cf}iflw klg ;/sf/l ;]jf s]gb af6 kfpg ;lspsf] 5}gÆ lhnnfsf] lndafaf6 cfpsf Ps ls;fgn] sfo{qmddf u'gf;f] u/].;xefulx n] lhnnf kz';]jf sfof{no kffry/;fusf] ;dgjodf pgglt kl/of]hgfn] s[lqd uef{wfgsf nflu k fljlwsx ptkfbg u/] klg s[lqd uef{wfgsf] ;]jf k efjsf/l x'g g;s]sf] atfp. s[lqd uef{wfgsf] ;]jf pknaw x'g;s] kz'kfns ls;fgn] 7"nf] /fxtsf] cg'e"lt ug]{ pglx sf] ts{ lyof]. o:t} ;xefulx n] kz';]jf sfof{non] cfufdl jif{sf] of]hgf th'{df ubf{ kz'kfngnfo{ Jofj;flos agfpg]tkm{ Wofg k' ofpg'kg]{df hf]8 lbp. ;/sf/l tyf lghl a}+s tyf ljqlo ;+:yfx n] kz'kfngdf ;:tf] Aofhb/df C0f k jfx ug]{ epklg To;sf] kof{kt hfgsf/l ls;fgn] k fkt ug{ g;s]sf] pglx n] atfp. ;:tf] Aofhb/df C0f k jfx ug]{, pggt hftsf kz'sf] kfngsf nflu k fljlws ;xof]u ug]{ / ;]jfs]gb sf] ;]jf k efjsf/l x'g] xf] eg] kz'kfng qmdzm Jofj;flos x'fb} hfg] ;xefulx sf] egfo lyof]. bf]; f] /fli6«o s[lif ofgqls/0f k bz{gl sf]xnk'/df x'g] sf7df8f} +. s[lifdf ofgqls/0f k4lt ckgfcf} +, s[ifssf] pgglt u/f} +Ú gf/fsf ;fy ut];dd bf]; f] /fli6"o s[lif ofgqls/0f affs]sf] sf]xnk'/df x'g] epsf] 5. s[lif ljefu cgtu{tsf] s[lif OlGhlgol/ª lgb] {zgfno / g]kfn s[lif d]l;g/l Joj;foL ;+3sf] ;+o'qm cfof]hgfdf x'g nflu/x]sf] ;f] k bz{gldf Ps xhf/egbf a9l s[lif cf}hf/, pks/0f tyf ogqx? k bz{gl tyf laqmlsf nflu /flvg]5 sf7df8f} +df cfof]lht kqsf/ ;Dd]ng dfkm{t hfgsf/l u/fopsf] 5. of] k b{zgl s[lif ptkfbg tyf ptkfbstj a9fpg s[lif ogqsf] e"ldsf dxtjk"0f{ x'g] ls;fgx?nfo{ hfgsf/l u/fpg] /x]sf] cfof]hs dwo]sf Ps uf}td dxh{gn] atfpsf 5g\. s[lif ogq, pks/0f tyf ;]jfsf] cfgtl/s ahf/ k j4{g, s[lif ogq pkof]udf j[l4, ogqsf Jofkf/L tyf s[ifsalr ;dgjo, Jofj;flos r]tgf clej[l4 tyf cfw'lgs pks/0faf/] hfgsf/l u/fpg] p2]zo ;f] k b{zglsf] /x]sf] s[lif OlGhlgol/ªsf lgb] {zgfnosf k d'v dw';'bg a:goftn atfp. k bz{gldf s[ifsnfo{ pkof]ul x'g] ds} 5f]8fpg], df5fsf] stnf x6fpg] d]l;gb]lv 7"nf y ];/ d]l;g;dd k bz{gl tyf laqmlsf nflu /flvg] atfopsf] 5. s[lif ptkfbg a[lå ug{sf nflu ;b}j k of]u ug' {xf];\ n'lda sf] emf]n dn All Nepalese Tea & Coffee Center,Kupondol, Phone: ,

8 s[lif ;fktflxs s[lif ;fktflxs ;fn kmfu'g ( ut] cfotaf/ 8 :jr5 df;'sf nflu df;'hf+r P]g sfof{gjog tkm{ lqmofzln 5f} + lh=k =sf=sf7df8f}+ b=g+= )^ )^( &) ;fn kmfu'g ( ut] cfo{taf/ /fds[i0f ;'j]bl k d'v lhnnf clwsf/l lhnnf k zf;g sfof{on,sf7df8f} + ) sf7df8f} + pktosf leq kl5nnf] ;dodf vfb :jr5tfsf s'/f p7l /x]sf] 5 s;/l lng' epsf] 5 < Jff:tjdf d"nolt/l ;s]kl5 :j:yo rlh kfpg' clwsf/ xf]. d}n] o;af/] ctogt ;+j]bgzln ep/ xfdln] ;/f]sf/jfnf ;lxt To;nfO{ 5nkmndf klg NofPsf 5f} / lgoldt cg'udg ug]{ ;+ogq agfpsf 5f}. ;f]xl ;+ogq dfkm{t ahf/ cg'udgsf] sfo{ cufl8 a9fo{ /x]sf 5f}. If]qut lx;fan] vfbsf] s'/f ul//xfbf kz'hgo a:t' jf df;' vfbfggsf] s'/f klg cfp5 h:t} s[lif ljsf; sfof{no klg 5 To:t} lhnnf kz';]jf sfof{no klg 5 pxffx?n] klg cfk\mgf] If]qaf6 k of;/t x'g'x'g5 pxfx?;fu klg ;dgjodf eo/x]sf] 5 / xfdln] klg lhnnftxaf6 ;ldlt u7g u/]/ cg'udgsf] kf6f]nfo{ ;'b[9 ul//x]sf 5f}. ) kl5nnf] ;dodf x]g] { xf] eg] df;' hf r sfof{gjog gx'+bf u'0f:t/lo df;' pkef]qmfx?n] kfo{/x]sf 5}gg\ lg < clxn] d oxf j6f df;' k;n 8]9 dlxgfdfqsf] cjlwdf hffr eo{;s]sf] 5. To;df e]6]/lg/l ;lxt g} hffrdf upsf 5f}. To;df klg 7"nf] kl/0ffddf af;l df;'x? /flvpsf] km]nf k/]kl5 sf/jfxl klg u/]sf 5f}. To;}n] gful/sn] :j:ys/ df;' pkef]u ug{ kfpg] clwsf/nfo{ ;'/lift ug{ :jr5tf, ;/;kmfo{sf ;fy} tf}ndf klg xfdl ctogt} ;+j]bgzln epsf 5f}+. df;' hf+r sfof{gjogsf nflu ahf/df cg'udgnfo{ tlj tf lbpsf] 5. ) P]g;+u} clxn] df;'sf nflu aw ul/psf hgfj/ slt ;'/lift lyp jf lypgg\ egg] s'/fsf] ax; klg rng yfn]sf] 5 lg, awzfnf Jojl:yt ug]{ ls hgfj/sf] :jf:yo s:tf] lyof] Tof] klg x]g] { < xf] jf:tljs?kdf b'j} tkm{nfo{ plqs} hf]8bf/?kdf x]g' { kg] { x'g5. To;}sf nflu xfdln] :j:y kz' xf] ls xf]og eggsf nflu yfgsf]6df Sjf/]G6fO{gnfO{ ;zqm agfpb} 5f} cem 6«sdf Nofpbf cltg} b'mv lbp/ NofPsf] klg b]lvpsf] 5. To;nfO{ /fd f];fu Joj:yfkg ug{ vf]lh/x]sf 5f}. csf]{ kz'awzfnf klxnfb]lv e"sdkn] 3/ 5}g Û wfg ;'/lift ug{ 7fp 5}g /fli6«o?kdf ax;df cfo{ ;s]sf] s'/f xf]. Tof] klg Tolt Jojl:yt x'g ;ls/x]sf] cj:yf 5}g. o;sf nflu sf7df8f} + dxfgu/kflnsfn] klg jwzfnf Jojl:yt ug{sf nflu ;lqmo ep/ nflu/x]s]f cj:yf 5. xfdln] lgodlt?kdf 5nkmn ul//x]sf 5f} +. aw ug{ NofPsf kz' aw ug' { cufl8 klg :j:y x'g'k of] / aw kzrft s;/l :j:y df;' pkef]qmfx?nfo{ pknaw u/fpg ;lsg5 / To;sf nflu s]s] ug'{ kb{5 egg] s'/fdf xfd f] Wofg s]lgb t epsf] 5. To;}sf nflu sfg"gsf] sfof{gjo u/fpg] kifdf xfdl nflu k/]sf 5f}+. ) df;'hgo sfof{gjog ;d:of kl//x]sf] 5. pkef]qmf, Jofkf/L / ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox?n] klg rf;f] lbo{/x]sf 5}gg\. of] cj:yfdf k zf;gnfo{ P]g sfof{gjog ug{ s]xl uf xf] t x'g5 xf]nf lg < o;sf nflu ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox? ;+j]bgzln x'g' egbf klxnf t pkef]qmf cfk}m g} ;r]t x'g'k5{. s:tf] rlh vfg x'g] / s:tf] rlh vfg gx'g] ce}m klg Wofg glbo{/x]sf] kfpsf] 5'. xfdln] hgr]tgfsf s'/fx? Jofks?kdf hgtfdf Nofpg ;s]sf 5}gf} To;df xfdl nfu]sf 5f} +. lzlift 7fp+ egb}df ;j} ;r]t epsf] x'+b}g. gb]lvg] lsl;dn] vfog] df;' h:t} s'g} k;nx?df ksfp/ lbpsf] df;' :j:y lyof] ls lypg To;sf] cj:yf s] lyof] / clxn] xfdln] b]v]sf] cj:yfdf Tof] s:tf] 5 egg] s'/fsf] klg t klxrfg x'g' k of]. To;}n] ol s'/fx? xfdln] r]tgf k}mnfpg' kg]{ x'g5. df;' hgo a:t'df kz' ;]jf ljefu dftxt, vfbfggsf] s'/fnfo{ s[lif ljefu Pj+ vfb k ljlw u'0f lgogq0f ljefu dfkm{t hgr]tgf clea[l4 ug{ nflu /x]sf 5f}+. ) ljz]if u/l /]i6'/]g6 / kf6l{ Kofn];x?n] a9l d'gfkmf cfh{g ug{sf] nflu u'0f:t/lxg df;' k of]u ul//x]sf 5g\ egg] u'gf;f] klg ;'lgg5 lg < xfd f] tkm{af6 cg'udg ug}{ k5{ To;nfO{ cln ;'b[9 agfp/ n}hfg] xf]. cg'udgsf a]nf To:tf] k]mnf k/] s8f sfjf{xl ub{5f}. To;sf nflu pkef]qmf klg ;r]t x'g' kb{5. kf6l{ Kofn];x?df cfof]hs klg ;r]t x'g] x'g'k5{. s'g 7fpFdf s:tf] vfbfgg jf df;'hgo kbfy{ ljlqm ljt/0f u5{ s'g kf6l{ Kofn];n] s:tf] vfgf lbg5 egg] s'/fdf cfof]hs klg clnslt ;r]t x'g'k5{. cfkm"n] vfg / Vjfpg nflu/x]s]f vfbfgg :j:ys/ 5 ls 5}g egg] s'/fsf] Wofg lbg'k5{. z+sf nfu]df k zf;gnfo{ hfgsf/l klg lbg' kb{5. ) ljutsf lbgnfo{ x]g]{ xf] eg] u'0f:t/xlg vfb kbfy{ ljqml ug]{nfo{ cfh kqmfp u of] ef]nl 5fl8lbof], sfg'gl bfo/df NofPsf] h:tf] dfq b]lvg5 lg < ljutdf To:tf] eof] egg] s'/f ;~rf/ dfwodx?df cfpg] u/]sf 5g\. t/ d /xfbf;dd s'g}klg b'ljwf g/xf];. d}n] ;dgjosf] kf6f]nfo{ ;'b[9 agfpg] k of; ul//x]sf] 5'. vfb k ljlw tyf u'0f lgogq0f ljefu / lhnnf k zf;g sfof{no b'o{j6f lgsfo alr klg ;dgjo k efjsf/l?kn] eo{/x]sf] 5. / bfo/ epsf] d'2fdf slx st}af6 klg To:tf] l:ylt ;[hgf x'g lbgg of] d]/f] k ltj4tf klg xf]. h;n] untl u/]sf] 5 untl ug] { lgsfo jf kbflwsf/l jf Jofkf/L hf] xf] Tof] g} sfg'gsf] eflubf/ x'g5. 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