Leaves Flowers Fruit Other Alternate Young lvs 3-5 lobed Adult lvs (on vertical structures) ovate, Both entire Long petioles Prominent veins

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1 Sciadopitys verticillata (SCIADOPITYACEAE) Japanese umbrella pine Japan Linear, 3-5 long Revolute margins Whorled (verticellate) in 10+ Lvs thick and grooved (looks like two fused needles on underside) Upper yellowish-green & glossy Woody cones ~ 3 long Evergreen tree to 130 ft. Slow growth Verticillate means whorled (Formerly placed in Taxiodiaceae, Cupressaceae) Davidia involucrata (CORNACEAE) dove or handkerchief tree S. W. China Alternate, simple Distinctly cordate 2-5½ long Acuminate tip Serrate Long-petioled Upper glabrous Under densely pubescent vivid green Andromonaceous (male & bi-sexual flws) Infl rounded clusters of one bisexual flower (functionally female) surrounded by many male flowers Flower has 2 large pendulous unequal, white, bracts, largest one ~ 3 in long Hedera hibernica (ARALIACEAE) Atlantic ivy (English ivy) Europe Page 1 of 6 Nut w/ 3-5 seeds, fleshy covering that disintegrates Fleshy covering is green Alternate Young lvs 3-5 lobed Adult lvs (on vertical structures) ovate, Both entire Long petioles Prominent veins Branched infl. (umbellate raceme) Only adult plant flowers (when upright) after 15 to 20 years Flowers in the fall Berry, blackish, round Fruits in the spring Deciduous tree to 60 ft Bark orange-brown, scaly ~ 10 years old before flowering involucrata refers to the bracts (involucre is a whorl of bracts under an inflorescence) Formerly in Nyssaceae Low shrub or vine Creeps on ground or climbs trees Highly invasive, seeds spread by birds, then plant spreads vegetatively *The taxonomy is confusing and much of what is invading here is called Hedera helix but is actually Hedera hibernica

2 Cotoneaster coriaceus (ROSACEAE) China Broad-elliptic 1 ¼ - 2 ¼ long ¾ - 1 ¼ wide ~Mucronate at apex Upper dull green Lower-whitish, pubescent 6-9 prominent vein pairs Flat topped infl. (corymbs) 2-3 wide Hairy White Red pome ~ persist through winter Semi-evergreen shrub Slender arching branches Largest leaves within genus Slightly invasive Formerly Cotoneaster lacteus Coriaceus means leathery Stachyurus (STACHYURACEAE) Himalayas, E. Asia Linear-lanceolate to ovate Acuminate apex Serrate Can be up to 6 in long Stipules Bell shaped flowers on stiff pendulous spikes from axils Sepals 4 Petals 4, yellow, cream or pink Stamens 8 in two whorls w/1 style Berries with persistent style and many seeds Shrubs or small spreading trees to 15 ft Wide, open branching Deciduous or partial-evergreen Stiff twigs Flowers before leaves very early usually in February Quercus (FAGACEAE) oak Pinnately veined Lvs w/petioles ~serrate, dentate ~ deciduous, pinnately lobed ~evergreen species with spines on margin and/or tip Male flws in slender pendulous catkins 6 stamens surrounded by tufts of hairs Female on short stalks, 1 per cupule (sepal cup w/ 3 styles), subtended by an involucre of bracts Acorn in cup Cup either smooth, scaly or w/soft spines (involucre collection of bracts) Deciduous or evergreen Trees or shrubs up to 100 ft Rounded buds Wind pollinated Very important timber trees Divided into black or red oaks (leaves with "bristle tips" on apex or lobes) or white (lobes rounded) Red and white oak terms refer to wood color Page 2 of 6

3 Quercus rubra (FAGACEAE) red oak E. North America Oblong, by 4-6 (larger than Q. kelloggii) 7-11 lobed, about halfway to middle, depth of sinuses fairly regular Lobes with bristle tips Ends of lobes pointed rather than rounded - narrow down at the end Long petiole, Dark green above, pale or gray below Male flws in slender pendulous catkins 6 stamens surrounded by tufts of hairs Female on short stalks, 1 per cupule (sepal cup w/ 3 styles) Acorn, ovoid ¾ - 1 long Short stalked Flat, thick, saucer-like cup Cup encloses 1/3 of nut Pinus sylvestris (PINACEAE) Scot s pine Europe, temperate Asia Needles in fascicles 2 per fascicle Short (1-2 long) Blue-green or grayish green ~ twisted Woody scales spirally arranged Scale tip flat to pyramidal Scale has small prickle Deciduous tree to 100 ft Branchlets dark red to chestnut Bark has distinct flat gray areas w/ ridges & furrows Old trunks brown-black w/fissures Lvs pink-reddish when opening and red in fall Very important timber tree Rubra = red Quercus rubra-stick it to ya! (pointed lobes-bristle tips) Evergreen tree from ft Bark orange-red Irregular peeling Lower branches die early Pinus strobus (PINACEAE) eastern white pine Newfoundland to Georgia Needles in fascicles 5 per fascicle 2-5 ½ long Lvs very soft, slender Serrulate Bluish-green Page 3 of 6 Female cones narrow cylindrical ~ Curved Long (4-8 inches) Scales thin, rounded and flat yellow-brown, no prickle, but resinous Evergreen tree to 90 ft Largest NE conifer Bark gray, smooth when young, furrowed when older, Very similar to P. monticola (western white pine) Susceptible to white pine blister rust (Ribes alternate host)

4 Eucalyptus (MYRTACEAE) Eucalyptus Australia, Philippines, Paupa New Guinea Opposite ~Alternate when mature Sickle to ovoid Entire margins Evergreen Waxy leaf surface Often blue or gray in appearance Aromatic oils Apetalous flowers covered by a cup shaped membrane with a lid that is thrown off as flowers expand Infl- umbels located in leaf axils Many showy white, yellow or red stamens Grevillea victoriae (PROTEACEAE) royal grevillea Australia Dry capsule containing many small seeds Linear to lanceolate Entire margin Dark green above, pale below Cluster of red-orange flowers No petal 4 sepals joined at base and tube-like, orange & fuzzy Sepals roll back to expose prominent style 4 stamens, attached to tips of sepals Woody capsule Shrubs, small multi stemmed trees or large trees Often peeling or exfoliating bark E. regnans is the tallest angiosperm in the world. The tallest specimen, named Centurion measures at 326 feet Survive and coppice after fires Very invasive in California Eucalyptos = well covered in Greek Evergreen shrub Several cultivars are hardy here Does not like wet soil Hummingbird pollinated Gaultheria shallon (ERICACEAE) salal W. North America Broadly ovate, sort of lemonshaped, dull and rough texture Finely & sharply serrate Short-petioled leathery Infl multi branches (panicles) Urn-shaped 5-merous, Stamens 10 White w/pink tinges Red to purple-black colored berry Edible Often w/persistent style Small evergreen shrub 5-6 ft high Spreads by suckering New shoots often red Popular bouquet green Page 4 of 6

5 Enkianthus campanulatus (ERICACEAE) Japan Alternate, looks whorled in 2 layers Obovate to elliptic 1-3 long Finely serrate Under: Brown & hairy on veins Infl drooping branched infl. (racemes) (5-15 flws), Perfect Urn-shaped or bell-shaped, 5 lobes Stamens 10, Style 1 Calyx lobe broadly lanceolate Pale yellow w/pink stripes Capsule w/persistent style Vaccinium ovatum (ERICACEAE) evergreen huckleberry British Columbia to California Ovate (0.5-1 in. long) ~ 2-ranked on horizontal branchlets Serrulate New growth red Upper-glossy green Under paler green Infl short branched clusters Urn-shaped flws. w/ 5-lobes White or pink Berry, round, black Edible Shrub to 10 ft, nice structure Deciduous Many varieties flw color varies. Good fall color (yellow, red, orange) Slow growing "Enkianthus" means pregnant flower, "campanulatus" means bell-shaped Evergreen shrub to 10 ft. Branchlets reddish, pubescent Nandina domestica (BERBERIDACEAE) heavenly bamboo India, China, Japan Alternate Tri-pinnately compound Leaflets sessile Entire Petioles swollen at base Infl divided upright, up to 1 ft long 3-merous, white Anthers huge, yellow Page 5 of 6 Globose Bright red or white berry ¼-1/2 in Shrub to 5 ft Stems glabrous Compact, cut-leaf, reddish cultivars available Nandina is a Latinized form of the Japanese name, domestica = domesticated Somewhat invasive in the southeast US