Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 5

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 5"

Transcription

1 Famil: Aacardiaceae Taxo: Spodias purpurea 'Wild Tpe' Som: Spodias cirouella Tussac Commo Name: Hog plum Purple mombi Red mombi Spaish plum Jocote Questioaire : curret Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Chuck Chimera Desigatio: EVALUATE Data Etr Perso: Chuck Chimera WRA Score Is the species highl domesticated? =-3, =0 102 Has the species become aturalized where grow? =1, = Does the species have weed races? =1, = Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If islad is primaril wet habitat, the (0-low; 1-itermediate; 2- High substitute "wet tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" high) (See Appedix 2) 202 Qualit of climate match data (0-low; 1-itermediate; 2- High high) (See Appedix 2) 203 Broad climate suitabilit (evirometal versatilit) =1, =0 204 Native or aturalized i regios with tropical or subtropical climates =1, =0 205 Does the species have a histor of repeated itroductios outside its atural rage? =-2,?=-1, =0 301 Naturalized beod ative rage = 1*multiplier (see Appedix 2), = questio Garde/ameit/disturbace weed =0, = 1*multiplier (see Appedix 2) 303 Agricultural/forestr/horticultural weed =0, = 2*multiplier (see Appedix 2) 304 Evirometal weed =0, = 2*multiplier (see Appedix 2) 305 Cogeeric weed =0, = 1*multiplier (see Appedix 2) 401 Produces spies, thors or burrs =1, =0 402 Allelopathic =1, =0 403 Parasitic =1, =0 404 Upalatable to grazig aimals =1, = Toxic to aimals =1, =0 406 Host for recogized pests ad pathoges =1, =0 407 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humas =1, =0 408 Creates a fire hazard i atural ecosstems =1, =0 409 Is a shade tolerat plat at some stage of its life ccle =1, =0 Prit Date: 3/19/2012 podias purpurea 'Wild Tpe' (Aacardiaceae Page 1 of 8

2 410 Tolerates a wide rage of soil coditios (or limestoe coditios if ot a volcaic islad) =1, =0 411 Climbig or smotherig growth habit =1, =0 412 Forms dese thickets =1, =0 501 Aquatic =5, =0 502 Grass =1, =0 503 Nitroge fixig wood plat =1, =0 504 Geophte (herbaceous with udergroud storage orgas -- bulbs, corms, or tubers) =1, =0 601 Evidece of substatial reproductive failure i ative habitat =1, =0 602 Produces viable seed =1, = Hbridizes aturall =1, = Self-compatible or apomictic =1, = Requires specialist polliators =-1, =0 606 Reproductio b vegetative fragmetatio =1, = Miimum geerative time (ears) 1 ear = 1, 2 or 3 ears = 0, >3 4+ ears = Propagules likel to be dispersed uitetioall (plats growig i heavil trafficked =1, =-1 areas) 702 Propagules dispersed itetioall b people =1, = Propagules likel to disperse as a produce cotamiat =1, = Propagules adapted to wid dispersal =1, = Propagules water dispersed =1, = Propagules bird dispersed =1, = Propagules dispersed b other aimals (exterall) =1, = Propagules survive passage through the gut =1, = Prolific seed productio (>1000/m2) =1, = Evidece that a persistet propagule bak is formed (>1 r) =1, = Well cotrolled b herbicides =-1, =1 804 Tolerates, or beefits from, mutilatio, cultivatio, or fire =1, = Effective atural eemies preset locall (e.g. itroduced biocotrol agets) =-1, =1 Desigatio: EVALUATE WRA Score 5 Prit Date: 3/19/2012 podias purpurea 'Wild Tpe' (Aacardiaceae Page 2 of 8

3 Supportig Data: Miller, A./Schaal, B.. Domesticatio of a Mesoamerica Cultivated Fruit Tree, Spodias purpurea. Proceedigs of the Natioal Academ of Scieces. 102(36): WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. NA WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. NA Miller, A./Schaal, B.. Domesticatio of a Mesoamerica Cultivated Fruit Tree, Spodias purpurea. Proceedigs of the Natioal Academ of Scieces. 102(36): Miller, A./Schaal, B.. Domesticatio of a Mesoamerica Cultivated Fruit Tree, Spodias purpurea. Proceedigs of the Natioal Academ of Scieces. 102(36): Jaick, J./Paull, R.E.. The ecclopedia of fruit & uts. Cabi Publishig, Walligford, UK [Is the species highl domesticated? No] "Fruits of wild jocotes are usuall bright red (A.M., persoal observatio). The are smaller ad more acidic tha the cultivated fruits, with cosiderabl less flesh surroudig the seed. Ulike cultivated populatios wild jocotes reproduce from seed ad ative populatios are age-structured with a variet of juveile ad mature idividuals preset. The cotrast i morpholog ad method of reproductio betwee wild ad cultivated jocotes idicates that S. purpurea is a species that has bee altered geeticall durig the course of domesticatio. Durig this process, humas have selected for trees that bear large, flesh, sweet fruits, ad that ca be reproduced easil from cuttigs." [This assessmet is for the wild tpe of S. purpurea. The cultivated form is highl domesticated] [Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) 2-High] "Toda, wild jocote populatios are foud i the fragmeted tropical dr forests of Mexico ad Cetral America (36)." [Qualit of climate match data? 2-High] "Toda, wild jocote populatios are foud i the fragmeted tropical dr forests of Mexico ad Cetral America (36)." [Broad climate suitabilit (evirometal versatilit)? Yes] "Natural populatios of red mombi i Mexico ad Cetral America are foud i both dr ad wet areas, icludig a wide rage of semi-deciduous forests. It has bee cultivated from 0 to 2000 m elevatio with a average aual precipitatio varig from 300 to 1800 mm." [Tolerates dr ad wet areas, with a potetial elevatio rage that exceeds 1000 m] Morto, J.F.. Fruits of warm climates. J.F. Morto, Miami, FL [Native or aturalized i regios with tropical or subtropical climates? Yes] "The tree is tropical, ragig from sea-level to 5,500 or 6,000 ft (1,700-1,800 m) i Mexico ad Cetral America; to 2,500 ft (760 m) i Jamaica, i either dr or humid regios. It flowers but does ot fruit i Israel; is cold sesitive i Florida." Pimeta-Barrios, E./Ramírez-Herádez, B.C.. Pheolog, Growth, ad Respose to Light of Ciruela Mexicaa (Spodias purpurea L., Aacardiaceae). Ecoomic Bota. 57(4): Miller, A./Schaal, B.. Domesticatio of a Mesoamerica Cultivated Fruit Tree, Spodias purpurea. Proceedigs of the Natioal Academ of Scieces. 102(36): Little, Jr. E.L./Wadsworth, F.H.. Commo trees of Puerto Rico ad the Virgi Islads. Agriculture Hadbook No USDA Forest Service, Washigto, D.C Lim, T.K.. Edible Medicial ad No- Medicial Plats. Volume 1, Fruits. Spriger, Wiggis, I.L./Porter, D.M./Aderso, E.F.. Flora of the Galápagos Islads. Staford Uiversit Press, Staford, CA Morto, J.F.. Pestiferous spread of ma orametal ad fruit species i South Florida. Proceedigs of the Florida State Horticultural Societ. 89: Liogier, A.H./ Martorell, L.F.. Flora of Puerto Rico ad adjacet islads: a sstematic sopsis. La Editorial, UPR, Sa Jua, Puerto Rico [Native or aturalized i regios with tropical or subtropical climates? Yes] "The stud was performed i a subtropical area of Paso de Guadalupe, muicipalit of Ixtlahuaca del Rio, Jalisco, Mexico, located at 40 km ortheast of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico at '42"N2, 0?50'29'W, elevatio 819 m. This is oe of the importat cultivatio regios of S. purpurea i Jalisco, where approximatel6 0 ha are uder cultivatio. Both wild ad cultivated populatios grow o rock slopes i shallow, ifertile soils (Castro 1977) classified as regosols, with a slightl alkalie ph (Galva 1988; Rzedowski 1978)." [Native or aturalized i regios with tropical or subtropical climates? Yes] "Toda, wild jocote populatios are foud i the fragmeted tropical dr forests of Mexico ad Cetral America (36)." [Does the species have a histor of repeated itroductios outside its atural rage? Yes] "Plated ad aturalized throughout West Idies except Bahamas. Native of tropical cotietal America ad widel distributed from cetral Mexico to Peru ad Brazil, spread through cultivatio. Plated i souther Florida. Also itroduced ito the Old World tropics." [Does the species have a histor of repeated itroductios outside its atural rage? Yes] "It is ow cultivated patropicall for its edible fruit." [Likel refers to domesticated tpe] [Naturalized beod ative rage? Yes] "i the Galapagos it is a escape from cultivatio." [Naturalized beod ative rage? Yes] "Spodias purpurea L. Purple Mombi. Tropical America. Naturalized i disturbed sites, o shell mouds," [Naturalized beod ative rage? Yes] "O hillsides ad roadsides, ofte plated for its fruits ad for shade, Puerto Rico; aturalized i the West Idies, a ative to Mexico ad Peru to Brazil, itroduced ito Florida ad the Old World tropics." Prit Date: 3/19/2012 podias purpurea 'Wild Tpe' (Aacardiaceae Page 3 of 8

4 Wager, W.L./Herbst, D.R./Lorece, D.H.. Flora of the Hawaiia Islads website. Smithsoia Ist., Washigto, D.C. iaflora/idex.htm [Naturalized beod ative rage? No evidece i Hawaiia Islads] Nelso, G.. The Trees of Florida. 2d Editio. Pieapple Press Ic, Sarasota, FL Lim, T.K.. Edible Medicial ad No- Medicial Plats. Volume 1, Fruits. Spriger, [Naturalized beod ative rage? Yes] "Naturalized i Florida i Collier Cout ad the Kes." [Naturalized beod ative rage? Yes] "It has also aturalised i some coutries, icludig the Philippies, Galapagos ad Nigeria." Radall, R.P.. Global Compedium of Weeds - Spodias purpurea. ea/ [Garde/ameit/disturbace weed? Possibl] Listed as a weed, but evidece of impacts was ot foud WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Agricultural/forestr/horticultural weed? No] No evidece WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Evirometal weed? No] No evidece Radall, R.P.. Global Compedium of Weeds - Idex [Olie Database] Jaick, J./Paull, R.E.. The ecclopedia of fruit & uts. Cabi Publishig, Walligford, UK Orwa, C./Mutua, A./Kidt, R./Jamadass, R./Simos, A.. Agroforestree Database:a tree referece ad selectio guide versio 4.0. World Agroforestr Cetre, ( Morikawa, C.I.O./Miaura, R./Tapia Y Figueroa, M.D.L./Regifo Salgado, E.L./Fujii, Y.. Screeig of 170 Peruvia plat species for allelopathic activit b usig the Sadwich Method. Weed Biolog ad Maagemet. 12: Jaick, J./Paull, R.E.. The ecclopedia of fruit & uts. Cabi Publishig, Walligford, UK [Cogeeric weed? Potetiall] Spodias ctherea, Spodias dulcis, Spodias mombi, Spodias piata listed as aturalized or weeds. [Produces spies, thors or burrs? No] "Spodias purpurea is a small deciduous tree, 3-15 m high, with gre ad usuall smooth bark. A rather thick ad trasparet exudate exudes from cuts ad bruises. The imparipiate leaves are 6-28 cm log ad 5-27-foliolate with a cm rachis. The leaflets are usuall 3-6 cm log ad cm wide, elliptic to oblaceolate. The axillar ifloresceces are 1-10 cm log, few-flowered, usuall produced at older ad defoliate odes. The petals are usuall red to purple, mm log at athesis. The fruit is a drupe, which is oblog to obovoid or subglobose cm log ad cm wide. Whe ripe, the fruit is usuall red but sometimes ellowish or orage. The mesocarp is flesh ad juic, ad the edocarp is cm log." [Allelopathic? Ulikel] "Soil improver: A seasoal variatio occurs i leaf litter compositio. N, Calcium ad Magesium levels were adequate whereas P ad K levels were below the optimal rage." [Allelopathic? Ukow. Related S. mombi shows allelopathic potetial] "Peru is oe of the 20 botaicall extremel diverse coutries i the world, with > flowerig plats, of which 30% are edemic. So far, o sstematic research has bee coducted o the screeig of the allelopathic plats. I this stud, the allelopathic activit of 170 species from 61 families of Peruvia plats that were collected from the three mai regios of Peru the Costa (Pacific coastlie), the Sierra (Adea moutais), ad the Selva (Amazoia raiforest) was evaluated. The allelopathic activit was determied b the Sadwich Method, which ca evaluate the activit of leaf leachates. The species that were foud to be highl ihibitor i this screeig, uder the criterio of >90% ihibitio of the radicle of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) seedligs, were Aristeguietia ballii ad Diplostephium foliosissimum (Asteraceae) ad Spodias mombi (Aacardiaceae). All of these species are ative plats from Peru. This stud gives a strog clue regardig the potetial of isolatig potet allelochemicals from these plats i the future." [Parasitic? No] "Spodias purpurea is a small deciduous tree, 3-15 m high, with gre ad usuall smooth bark." [Aacardiaceae] Morto, J.F.. Fruits of warm climates. J.F. Morto, Miami, FL [Upalatable to grazig aimals? No] "Leaves ad fruits: The leaves are readil grazed b cattle ad the fruits are fed to hogs." Lim, T.K.. Edible Medicial ad No- [Upalatable to grazig aimals? No] "Cattle eat the leaves." Medicial Plats. Volume 1, Fruits. Spriger, Wagstaff, D.J.. Iteratioal poisoous plats checklist: a evidece-based referece. CRC Press, Boca Rato, FL [Toxic to aimals? No] No evidece Prit Date: 3/19/2012 podias purpurea 'Wild Tpe' (Aacardiaceae Page 4 of 8

5 Orwa, C./Mutua, A./Kidt, R./Jamadass, R./Simos, A.. Agroforestree Database:a tree referece ad selectio guide versio 4.0. World Agroforestr Cetre, ( Lim, T.K.. Edible Medicial ad No- Medicial Plats. Volume 1, Fruits. Spriger, Jaick, J./Paull, R.E.. The ecclopedia of fruit & uts. Cabi Publishig, Walligford, UK Orwa, C./Mutua, A./Kidt, R./Jamadass, R./Simos, A.. Agroforestree Database:a tree referece ad selectio guide versio 4.0. World Agroforestr Cetre, ( [Toxic to aimals? No] "Fodder: Shoot, leaf ad seed are used as fatteig feed for pigs ad cattle." [Toxic to aimals? No] "Cattle eat the leaves." [No evidece] [Host for recogized pests ad pathoges? No] "Diseases, Pests ad Weeds: No importat diseases ad pests have bee recorded. Fruit flies ma cause serious damage to ripe fruit." [Host for recogized pests ad pathoges? No] "The mite Brevipalpus salasi produces a irregular ellowig of the leaves ad a slight scal appearace to fruits of this plat. Parasitizig fruit flies (Aastrepha spp.) dwell o S. purpurea. Agroforestr" [Isigificat pest] Morto, J.F.. Fruits of warm climates. J.F. Morto, Miami, FL [Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humas? No] "I the Philippies, it is said that eatig a large quatit of the fruits o a empt stomach ma cause stomachache." Wagstaff, D.J.. Iteratioal poisoous plats checklist: a evidece-based referece. CRC Press, Boca Rato, FL [Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humas? No] No evidece Heirich, A./Hurka, H.. Species richess ad compositio durig slvigeesis i a tropical dr forest i orthwester Costa Rica. Tropical Ecolog. 45(1): Orwa, C./Mutua, A./Kidt, R./Jamadass, R./Simos, A.. Agroforestree Database:a tree referece ad selectio guide versio 4.0. World Agroforestr Cetre, ( Orwa, C./Mutua, A./Kidt, R./Jamadass, R./Simos, A.. Agroforestree Database:a tree referece ad selectio guide versio 4.0. World Agroforestr Cetre, ( [Creates a fire hazard i atural ecosstems? No] "I Cetral America most species of adult trees are fire itolerat ad fire-created habitats are uatural, though athropogeic fires are a major blockage to secodar wood successio (Budowski 1966; Jaze 1988 a & b)." [No evidece that Spodias purpurea icreases fire hazards] [Creates a fire hazard i atural ecosstems? No] No evidece [Is a shade tolerat plat at some stage of its life ccle? No] "Is a light demadig species i dr areas with shallow soils." Morto, J.F.. Fruits of warm climates. J.F. Morto, Miami, FL [Tolerates a wide rage of soil coditios? Yes] "The tree is foud growig aturall o a great diversit of soils throughout Lati America sad, gravel, heav cla loam, or limestoe." Jaick, J./Paull, R.E.. The ecclopedia of fruit & uts. Cabi Publishig, Walligford, UK Lim, T.K.. Edible Medicial ad No- Medicial Plats. Volume 1, Fruits. Spriger, Pimeta-Barrios, E./Ramírez-Herádez, B.C.. Pheolog, Growth, ad Respose to Light of Ciruela Mexicaa (Spodias purpurea L., Aacardiaceae). Ecoomic Bota. 57(4): Little, Jr. E.L./Wadsworth, F.H.. Commo trees of Puerto Rico ad the Virgi Islads. Agriculture Hadbook No USDA Forest Service, Washigto, D.C Gargiullo, M.B./Maguso, B.L/Kimball, L.D.. A field guide to plats of Costa Rica. Oxford Uiversit Press US,, NY Gargiullo, M.B./Maguso, B.L/Kimball, L.D.. A field guide to plats of Costa Rica. Oxford Uiversit Press US,, NY [Tolerates a wide rage of soil coditios? Yes] "The tree is able to grow ormall o rock substrates, slopes or differet soil tpes icludig those of little agricultural value due to a wide phsiological ad aatomical plasticit (Pimeta- Barrios ad Ramirez-Heradez 2003)." [Tolerates a wide rage of soil coditios? Yes] "It is adaptable to a wide rage of soils - from sad, gravel, heav cla loam, loams to calcareous soils." [Climbig or smotherig growth habit? No] "Spodias purpurea is a small deciduous tree, growig to 3 m tall, with a welldefied truk ad umerous braches." [Forms dese thickets? No] "Plated ad aturalized throughout West Idies except Bahamas. Native of tropical cotietal America ad widel distributed from cetral Mexico to Peru ad Brazil, spread through cultivatio. Plated i souther Florida. Also itroduced ito the Old World tropics." [Aquatic? No] "Tree or large shrub 4-15 m, ofte with multiple truks " "Habitat: Wet to seasoall dr forests." [Terrestrial] [Grass? No] "Tree or large shrub 4-15 m, ofte with multiple truks " [Aacardiaceae] Prit Date: 3/19/2012 podias purpurea 'Wild Tpe' (Aacardiaceae Page 5 of 8

6 Pimeta-Barrios, E./Ramírez-Herádez, B.C.. Pheolog, Growth, ad Respose to Light of Ciruela Mexicaa (Spodias purpurea L., Aacardiaceae). Ecoomic Bota. 57(4): Gargiullo, M.B./Maguso, B.L/Kimball, L.D.. A field guide to plats of Costa Rica. Oxford Uiversit Press US,, NY Miller, A./Schaal, B.. Domesticatio of a Mesoamerica Cultivated Fruit Tree, Spodias purpurea. Proceedigs of the Natioal Academ of Scieces. 102(36): Miller, A./Schaal, B.. Domesticatio of a Mesoamerica Cultivated Fruit Tree, Spodias purpurea. Proceedigs of the Natioal Academ of Scieces. 102(36): Miller, A.J.. Characterizatio of a Domesticated Tree Lieage (Spodias purpurea, Aacardiaceae) Based onuclear ad Chloroplast Sequece Data. Joural of the Torre Botaical Societ. 135(4): Bullock, S.H.. Breedig Sstems i the Flora of a Tropical Deciduous Forest i Mexico. Biotropica 17(4): (4): Uribe-Mu, C.A./Quesada, M.. Prefereces, patters ad cosequeces of brach removal o the dioecious tropical tree Spodias purpurea (Aacardiaceae) b the isect borer Ocideres albomargiata chamela (Cerambcidae). Oikos. 112: Bullock, S.H.. Wid Polliatio of Neotropical Dioecious Trees. Biotropica. 26(2): Kubitzki, K. (ed.). The Families ad Geera of Vascular Plats. Vol. X. Flowerig Plats. Eudicots: Sapidales, Cucurbitales, Mrtaceae. Spriger, Little, Jr. E.L./Wadsworth, F.H.. Commo trees of Puerto Rico ad the Virgi Islads. Agriculture Hadbook No USDA Forest Service, Washigto, D.C [Nitroge fixig wood plat? No] "Ciruela mexicaa (Spodias purpurea L.) belogs to the famil Aacardiaceae tribe Spodiadeae, which has approximatel 17 geera" [Geophte (herbaceous with udergroud storage orgas -- bulbs, corms, or tubers)? No] "Tree or large shrub 4-15 m, ofte with multiple truks " [Evidece of substatial reproductive failure i ative habitat? No] "Fruits of wild jocotes are usuall bright red (A.M., persoal observatio). The are smaller ad more acidic tha the cultivated fruits, with cosiderabl less flesh surroudig the seed. Ulike cultivated populatios, wild jocotes reproduce from seed ad ative populatios are age-structured with a variet of juveile ad mature idividuals preset." [Produces viable seed? Yes] "Fruits of wild jocotes are usuall bright red (A.M., persoal observatio). The are smaller ad more acidic tha the cultivated fruits, with cosiderabl less flesh surroudig the seed. Ulike cultivated populatios, wild jocotes reproduce from seed ad ative populatios are age-structured with a variet of juveile ad mature idividuals preset." [Hbridizes aturall? Yes. Presumabl] "I this stud, data support souther Mesoamerica as a regio where hbridizatio betwee Spodias purpurea ad S. mombi ma be occurrig, ad/or where lieage sortig is icomplete. Two lies of evidece suggest ogoig hbridizatio betwee S. purpurea ad S. mombi i souther Mesoamerica: first, i this regio, smpatric Spodias purpurea ad S. mombi idividuals share some of the same chloroplast ad uclear alleles." "Secod, two Spodias idividuals collected i souther Mesoamerica carr the uclear sequece of S. mombi ad the chloroplast sequece of S. purpurea" [Self-compatible or apomictic? No] "Appedix I. Floristic list with life form, floral sexualit, famil, ad species" [Spodias purpurea = d, dioecious"] [Self-compatible or apomictic? No] "I Mexico, S. purpurea is a commo dioecious tree of the tropical dr forest (Bullock 1992)." [Requires specialist polliators? No] "Lozao (1986) suggested that Spodias mombi L. is wid-polliated o the basis of floral morpholog; however, I cosider the morphologicall similar Spodias purpurea L. at Chamela to be etomophilous." [Floral morpholog suggests isect polliatio] "Aacardiaceae are primaril etomophilous, but some exceptios are foud." "Flowers pedicellate, articulate; calx slightl imbricate or apert; (4)5- lobed; corolla valvate, (4)5(6) parted, cucullate; white, cream-colored, purple, or red; adroecium diplostemoous, sometimes i two whorls of uequal legth; filamets filiform or subulate; athers dorsifixed; pistillodes ad stamiodes reduced; disk glabrous or papillose, aular ad lobed; carpels (3 )5; stlodia (3 )5; stigmas capitate to spathulate; ovules apical." [Geeric descrptio of Spodias] [Reproductio b vegetative fragmetatio? Yes] "Grow commol as livig feceposts, tlie trees are easil propagated from cuttigs ad seeds." Morto, J.F.. Fruits of warm climates. J.F. Morto, Miami, FL [Reproductio b vegetative fragmetatio? Probabl Yes] "The purple mombi, icludig its ellow form, is grow ver easil ad quickl b settig large cuttigs upright i the groud. It is oe of the trees most used to create "livig feces"." Jaze, D.H.. Spodias mombi is culturall deprived i mega-faua-free forest. Joural of Tropical Ecolog. 1(2): Little, Jr. E.L./Wadsworth, F.H.. Commo trees of Puerto Rico ad the Virgi Islads. Agriculture Hadbook No USDA Forest Service, Washigto, D.C [Miimum geerative time (ears)? 4+] "S. mombi become fruit-bearig trees as oug as 20 ears of age, rage from 5-30 m i height whe fruit-bearig, ad are most frequetl oticed as pioeer members of primar ad secodar successio i old fields ad road- sides" [Specifics ukow for S. purpurea, but presumabl will take at least 4 or more ears to reach maturit] [Propagules likel to be dispersed uitetioall (plats growig i heavil trafficked areas)? Potetiall] "I fece rows, alog highwas, ad ear homes i the coastal regios, commoest ad largest ad i a arrow strip alog the base of the souther side of the Cordillera of Puerto Rico. Probabl aturalized rather tha ative." [Although seeds are primaril adapted for vertebrate dispersal] Prit Date: 3/19/2012 podias purpurea 'Wild Tpe' (Aacardiaceae Page 6 of 8

7 Miller, A./Schaal, B.. Domesticatio of a Mesoamerica Cultivated Fruit Tree, Spodias purpurea. Proceedigs of the Natioal Academ of Scieces. 102(36): [Propagules dispersed itetioall b people? Possibl, but domesticated tpe ietioall dispersed] "Jocotes are cultivatedt hroughoutt he tropics ad subtropicsf or their fruits, which are eate fresh, sold i local markets, ad made ito jams ad beverages (34, 35). The majorit of trees are foud i backard gardes ad livig feces, although some formal cultivatio exists i orchards (39)." "Fruits of wild jocotes are usuall bright red (A.M., persoal observatio). The are smaller ad more acidic tha the cultivated fruits, with cosiderabl less flesh surroudig the seed. Ulike cultivated populatios, wild jocotes reproduce from seed ad ative populatios are age-structured with a variet of juveile ad mature idividuals preset. The cotrast i morpholog ad method of reproductio betwee wild ad cultivated jocotes idicates that S. purpurea is a species that has bee altered geeticall durig the course of domesticatio. Durig this process, humas have selected for trees that bear large, flesh, sweet fruits, ad that ca be reproduced easil from cuttigs." Educatioal Cocers For Huger [Propagules likel to disperse as a produce cotamiat? No] "This heav Orgaizatio (ECHO). Fruitig Trees, Shrubs ad producig tree has become a favorite at ECHO. The pleasat smell of the fruit Herbaceous Plats - M. ca be oted ma feet awa. The 1- to 2 ich log oval or oblog fruits have a fairl large seed." [Ulikel, as fruit is harvested for food] WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Propagules likel to disperse as a produce cotamiat? No] No evidece Miller, A./Schaal, B.. Domesticatio of a Mesoamerica Cultivated Fruit Tree, Spodias purpurea. Proceedigs of the Natioal Academ of Scieces. 102(36): Kubitzki, K. (ed.). The Families ad Geera of Vascular Plats. Vol. X. Flowerig Plats. Eudicots: Sapidales, Cucurbitales, Mrtaceae. Spriger, Vozzo, J.A.. Tropical Tree Seed Maual. USDA Forest Service, Washigto, D.C Miller, A./Schaal, B.. Domesticatio of a Mesoamerica Cultivated Fruit Tree, Spodias purpurea. Proceedigs of the Natioal Academ of Scieces. 102(36): Wehcke, E.V./Numa Valdez, C./Domíguez, C.A.. Seed Dispersal ad Defecatio Patters of Cebus capucius ad Alouatta palliata: Cosequeces for Seed Dispersal Effectiveess. Joural of Tropical Ecolog. 20: Madujao, S./Gallia, S./Sachez-Rojas, G. et al.. Habitat Use b White-tailed Deer i a Tropical Forest. Pp i i James C. devos, Jr., ed. Proc. of the 1997 Deer/Elk Workshop, Rio Rico, AZ. Arizoa Game & Fish Departmet, Phoeix Vozzo, J.A.. Tropical Tree Seed Maual. USDA Forest Service, Washigto, D.C Godiez-Alvarez, H.. Polliatio ad seed dispersal b lizards: a review. Revista Chilea de Historia Natural. 77: Miller, A./Schaal, B.. Domesticatio of a Mesoamerica Cultivated Fruit Tree, Spodias purpurea. Proceedigs of the Natioal Academ of Scieces. 102(36): [Propagules adapted to wid dispersal? No] "Fruits of wild jocotes are usuall bright red (A.M., persoal observatio)." [Propagules water dispersed? Potetiall] "Water dispersal has bee reported or purported for species of three geera, Magifera, Poupartiopsis, ad Spodias." [Ukow for S. purpurea] [Propagules bird dispersed? Yes] "Drupes ad berries with bright color (red, pik, white, black, blue, purple, orage, ellow, or greeish ellow), membraaceous or slightl coriaceous exocarp, flesh mesocarp, water, rich i sugars, poor i lipids ad proteis, ad fast-rottig are highl appreciated b birds (Leve 1987, Moermod ad Deslow 1985, Sorese 1983, Va der Pijl 1972, Va Roosmale 1985, White 1974). Examples iclude Aacardiaceae (Spodias, Tapirira), " [Propagules bird dispersed? Yes] "Fruits of wild jocotes are usuall bright red (A.M., persoal observatio)." [Propagules dispersed b other aimals (exterall)? Potetiall] "Appedix I. Pricipal fruit species i the diet of Cebus capucius ad Alouatta palliata, durig the stud. Overlap i food plats b the two species of moke = 30%." [S. purpurea seeds spat out b howlers ad white-faced mokes; could potetiall be exterall dispersed] [Propagules survive passage through the gut? Yes] "Fruits from the S. purpurea are a importat source of water for the deer at the ed of the dr seaso because there are few of water sources." "Leaves ad twigs were the most importat plat parts i the aual diet, but i the dr seaso fruits ad flowers, particularl fruits of red mombi (Spodias purpurea), costituted 30% of its diet." [Propagules survive passage through the gut? Yes] "The followig are fruits ad seeds commol cosumed ad dispersed b mammals: Aacardiaceae (Spodias), " [Propagules survive passage through the gut? Yes] "Quatit ad qualit compoets of seed dispersal b lizards. Quatit: (1) lizard abudace, (2) fruit removal ad/or hadlig time, (3) umber of seeds per scat, (-) ot evaluated. Qualit: (1) seed germiatio after gut passage ad/or passage time through the digestive tract, (2) habitat use b lizards, (-) ot evaluated" [Spodias purpurea dispersed b lizards] [Propagules survive passage through the gut? Yes] "Fruits of wild jocotes are usuall bright red (A.M., persoal observatio)." [Seeds are presumabl adapted for iteral dispersal] Prit Date: 3/19/2012 podias purpurea 'Wild Tpe' (Aacardiaceae Page 7 of 8

8 Kubitzki, K. (ed.). The Families ad Geera of Vascular Plats. Vol. X. Flowerig Plats. Eudicots: Sapidales, Cucurbitales, Mrtaceae. Spriger, Pimeta-Barrios, E./Ramírez-Herádez, B.C.. Pheolog, Growth, ad Respose to Light of Ciruela Mexicaa (Spodias purpurea L., Aacardiaceae). Ecoomic Bota. 57(4): Rico-Gra, V./Garciá-Fraco, J.G.. Vegetatio ad Soil Seed Bak of Successioal Stages i Tropical Lowlad Deciduous Forest. Joural of Vegetatio Sciece. 3(5): [Propagules survive passage through the gut? Yes] "The major seed dispersers of flesh-fruited species are birds (e.g., Metopium, Rhus, Schius, Searsia, Toxicodedro), bats (e.g., Aacardium, Atrocaro, Camposperma, Magifera, Spodias, Thrsodium), ad primates (e.g., Aacardium, Atrocaro, Magifera, Pseudospodias, Sclerocara, Sorideia, Spodias, Trichoscpha). I additio to these, there are also reports i the literature of the followig aimal dispersers: elephats ad rumiats (e.g., Atrocaro, Pseudospodias), deer (e.g., Aacardium, Rhus, Spodias), ad cootes, coatis, foxes, peccaries, reptiles, ad tapirs (e.g., Spodias) (Gautier-Hio et al. 1985; Mitai et al. 1994; Fragoso 1997; Altrichter et al. 1999; Li et al. 1999; Birkishaw 2001; Poulse et al. 2001)." [Prolific seed productio (>1000/m2)? Ulikel] "There is a sigle sto seed i each fruit, although the seed ma be frequetl empt because the fertilized embro sac does ot alwas develop (Avitia 1996)." [Ulikel give relativel large, sigle-seeded drupes] [Evidece that a persistet propagule bak is formed (>1 r)? Ukow] "Table 1. Abudace values for wood plats with dbh > 1.0 cm. p = preset; * = i seed bak" [S. purpurea ot documeted i seed bak] WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Well cotrolled b herbicides? Ukow] No iformatio o herbicide efficac or chemical cotrol of this species Little, Jr. E.L./Wadsworth, F.H.. Commo trees of Puerto Rico ad the Virgi Islads. Agriculture Hadbook No USDA Forest Service, Washigto, D.C [Tolerates, or beefits from, mutilatio, cultivatio, or fire? Yes] "Grow commol as livig feceposts, tlie trees are easil propagated from cuttigs ad seeds." Morto, J.F.. Fruits of warm climates. J.F. Morto, Miami, FL [Tolerates, or beefits from, mutilatio, cultivatio, or fire? Yes] "The purple mombi, icludig its ellow form, is grow ver easil ad quickl b settig large cuttigs upright i the groud. It is oe of the trees most used to create "livig feces"." WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Effective atural eemies preset locall (e.g. itroduced biocotrol agets)? Ukow] Prit Date: 3/19/2012 podias purpurea 'Wild Tpe' (Aacardiaceae Page 8 of 8

cut nut 101 Is the species highly domesticated?

cut nut 101 Is the species highly domesticated? Famil: Lecthidaceae Taxo: Barrigtoia edulis Som: Butoica edulis (Seem.) Miers Huttum edule (Seem.) Britte Commo Name: cut ut Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Patti Clifford

More information

101 Is the species highly domesticated?

101 Is the species highly domesticated? Famil: Taxo: Agavaceae Dracaea margiata 'Tricolor' Som: Commo Name: Variegated Dracaea Tricolor Dracaea Raibow Red-margied Dracaea Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Patti

More information

Patti Clifford Data Entry Person: Patti Clifford WRA Score 1

Patti Clifford Data Entry Person: Patti Clifford WRA Score 1 Famil: Rubiaceae Taxo: Ixora pavetta Som: Ixora arborea Roxb. ex Sm. Ixora parviflora Vahl Commo Name: small-flowered ixora torch tree torchwood Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved

More information

Patti Clifford Data Entry Person: Patti Clifford WRA Score 11

Patti Clifford Data Entry Person: Patti Clifford WRA Score 11 Famil: Aoaceae Taxo: Aoa reticulata Som: Aoa lutesces Saff. Commo Name: ox-heart bullock's-heart custard-apple Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Patti Clifford Desigatio:

More information

Patti Clifford Data Entry Person: Patti Clifford WRA Score 5

Patti Clifford Data Entry Person: Patti Clifford WRA Score 5 Famil: Mrtaceae Taxo: Acca sellowiaa Som: Feijoa sellowiaa (O. Berg) O. Berg Orthostemo sellowiaus O. Berg (basiom) Commo Name: guavastee pieapple-guava Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved

More information

101 Is the species highly domesticated?

101 Is the species highly domesticated? Famil: Caricaceae Taxo: Carica petagoa Som: Vascocellea heilborii (V. M. Badillo) V. M Carica chrsopetala Heilbor Carica heilborii othovar. chrsopetala (H Vascoella petagoa Heilbor Commo Name: babaco chamburo

More information

101 Is the species highly domesticated?

101 Is the species highly domesticated? Famil: Clusiaceae Taxo: Mammea americaa Som: Mammea emargiata Moc. & Sessé ex Chois Commo Name: mammee-apple mamm-apple tropical-apricot Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor:

More information

Patti Clifford Data Entry Person: Patti Clifford WRA Score 6

Patti Clifford Data Entry Person: Patti Clifford WRA Score 6 Famil: Taxo: Apocaceae Acokathera schimperi (A. DC.) Beth. & Hook. f. ex Schweif. Som: Acokathera ouabaio Cathel. ex L. Lewi Carissa schimperi A. DC. (basiom) Commo Name: arrow-poiso-tree commo-poisobush

More information

Assessor Approved Data Entry Person: Assessor WRA Score 0. Designation: L Status:

Assessor Approved Data Entry Person: Assessor WRA Score 0. Designation: L Status: Famil: Mrtaceae Taxo: Szgium samaragese Som: Eugeia javaica Lam. Jambosa javaica (Lam.) K.Schum. & Lauterb Mrtus samaragesis Blume Eugeia samaragesis (Blume) O.Berg Commo Name: wax jambu Semarag rose apple

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 1

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 1 Famil: Arecaceae Taxo: Actiorhtis calapparia Som: Areca calapparia Blume (basiom) Commo Name: calappa palm piag peawar Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Chuck Chimera Desigatio:

More information

101 Is the species highly domesticated?

101 Is the species highly domesticated? Famil: Chrsobalaaceae Taxo: Licaia platpus Som: Moquilea platpus Hemsl. (basiom) Commo Name: Sasapote moke apple Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Chuck Chimera Desigatio:

More information

lucmo lúcuma 101 Is the species highly domesticated? (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High high) (See Appendix 2) 202 Quality of climate match data

lucmo lúcuma 101 Is the species highly domesticated? (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High high) (See Appendix 2) 202 Quality of climate match data Famil: Sapotaceae Taxo: Pouteria lucuma Som: Achras lucuma Ruiz & Pav. (basiom) Lucuma obovata Kuth Commo Name: lucmo lúcuma Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Chuck Chimera

More information

Patti Clifford Data Entry Person: Patti Clifford WRA Score 20

Patti Clifford Data Entry Person: Patti Clifford WRA Score 20 Famil: Mrtaceae Taxo: Szgium jambos Som: ) Eugeia jambos L. (basiom) Commo Name: jambos Malabar-plum rose-apple Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Patti Clifford Desigatio:

More information

Patti Clifford Data Entry Person: Patti Clifford WRA Score 7

Patti Clifford Data Entry Person: Patti Clifford WRA Score 7 Famil: Cucurbitaceae Taxo: Sechium edule Som: Chaota edulis Jacq. [= Sechium edule subsp Sicos edulis Jacq. [ Sechium edule subsp. e Commo Name: chaote cho-cho vegetable-pear Questioaire : curret 20090513

More information

Osa. 101 Is the species highly domesticated?

Osa. 101 Is the species highly domesticated? Famil: Rubiaceae Taxo: Osa pulchra Som: Hitoia pulchra D. R. Simpso (basiom) Commo Name: Osa Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Chuck Chimera Desigatio: L Data Etr Perso:

More information

101 Is the species highly domesticated?

101 Is the species highly domesticated? Famil: Taxo: Fabaceae Saraca thaipigesis Som: Commo Name Yellow Saraca Yellow Ashoka Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Chuck Chimera Desigatio: L Data Etr Perso: Chuck Chimera

More information

101 Is the species highly domesticated?

101 Is the species highly domesticated? Famil: Apocaceae Taxo: Telosma cordata Som: Asclepias cordata Burm. f. (basiom) Pergularia odoratissima (Lour.) Sm. Telosma odoratissima (Lour.) Coville Commo Name: Chiese violet Fragrat telosma Pakalaa

More information

Patti Clifford Data Entry Person: Patti Clifford WRA Score -3

Patti Clifford Data Entry Person: Patti Clifford WRA Score -3 Famil: Fabaceae Taxo: Saraca decliata Som: Joesia decliata Jack (basiom) Saraca cauliflora Baker Commo Name red saraca Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Patti Clifford Desigatio:

More information

101 Is the species highly domesticated?

101 Is the species highly domesticated? Famil: Arecaceae Taxo: Dpsis pembaa Som: Chrsalidocarpus pembaus H.E. Moore Commo Name: pemba palm Mpapidi Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Chuck Chimera Desigatio: L Data

More information

101 Is the species highly domesticated?

101 Is the species highly domesticated? Famil: Arecaceae Taxo: Dpsis laceolata Som: Chrsalidocarpus laceolata Becc. Commo Name: ivovowo palm Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Chuck Chimera Desigatio: L Data Etr

More information

Assessor. 101 Is the species highly domesticated? high) (See Appendix 2) 202 Quality of climate match data

Assessor. 101 Is the species highly domesticated? high) (See Appendix 2) 202 Quality of climate match data Famil: Arecaceae Taxo: Dpsis cabadae Som: Chrsalidocarpus cabadae H. E. Moore Commo Name: cabada palm Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Assessor Desigatio: L Data Etr Perso:

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 4

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 4 Desigatio = Evaluate Famil: Rutaceae Taxo: Melicope elleraa Som: Euodia elleraa F. Muell. Commo Name: Saruwa Pik Flowered Doughwood Evodia Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor:

More information

101 Is the species highly domesticated?

101 Is the species highly domesticated? Famil: Arecaceae Taxo: Areca vestiaria Som: Areca herici Furtado Areca lagloisiaa Potztal Areca leptopetala Burret Areca paiculata (Miq.) Scheff. Commo Name: orage crowshaft palm piag merah red piag Questioaire

More information

Family: Apocynaceae. Synonym(s): Status: Assessor Approved

Family: Apocynaceae. Synonym(s): Status: Assessor Approved Taxo: Willughbeia agustifolia Family: Apocyaceae Commo Name(s): kubal madu pitabu serapit Syoym(s): Acylocladus rufesces (Dyer ex Hook.f.) Kutze Chilocarpus brachyathus Pierre Urularia rufesces (Dyer ex

More information

Assessor. high) (See Appendix 2) 202 Quality of climate match data high) (See Appendix 2) 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility)

Assessor. high) (See Appendix 2) 202 Quality of climate match data high) (See Appendix 2) 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) Famil: Arecaceae Taxo: Borassus flabellifer Som: Borassus tuicatus Lour. Pholidocarpus tuicatus (Lour.) H.Wedl. Borassus flabelliformis L. Borassus sudaicus Becc. Commo Name: doub palm palmra palm todd

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 5

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 5 Famil: Fabaceae Taxo: Acacia isuavis Som: Acacia peata subsp. isuavis (Lace) I.C. Ni Commo Name pak la Cha-om Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Chuck Chimera Desigatio:

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 1

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 1 Famil: Oxalidaceae Taxo: Averrhoa bilimbi Som: NA Commo Name: Bilimbi Cucumber tree Tree sorrel Zibelie Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Chuck Chimera Desigatio: EVALUATE

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 8

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 8 Famil: Acathaceae Taxo: Justicia spicigera Som: Jacobiia spicigera (Schlechtedal) L.H. Bail Justicia ghiesbreghtiaa (Misapplied) Commo Name: Mexica idigo Yaxa Mohitli Mexica hoesuckle Firecracker bush

More information

101 Is the species highly domesticated?

101 Is the species highly domesticated? Famil: Apocaceae Taxo: Strophathus gratus Som: Roupellia grata Wall. & Hook. (basiom) Commo Name: Climbig oleader Spider tresses Poiso arrow vie Strophathus glabre du Gabo Questioaire : curret 20090513

More information

101 Is the species highly domesticated?

101 Is the species highly domesticated? Famil: Arecaceae Taxo: Ceroxlo alpium Som: Ceroxlo adicola Humb. & Bopl. Ceroxlo ferrugieum Adré Commo Name: Wax palm palmier à cire palma cera Adea Wax Palm Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: HPWRA OrgData WRA Score 5

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: HPWRA OrgData WRA Score 5 Famil: Arecaceae Taxo: Euterpe oleracea Som: Euterpe badiocarpa Barb. Rodr. Commo Name: assai palm cabbage palm açaí Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Chuck Chimera Desigatio:

More information

langsat langsep longkong lanzones 101 Is the species highly domesticated?

langsat langsep longkong lanzones 101 Is the species highly domesticated? Famil: Meliaceae Taxo: Lasium domesticum Som: Aglaia domestica (Corrêa ex Jack) Pellegr. Aglaia dookoo Griff. Aglaia aquea (Jacq.) Kosterm. Aglaia itricatoreticulata Kosterm. Aglaia sepalia (Kosterm.)

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 9

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 9 Desigatio = High Risk Famil: Moraceae Taxo: Dorsteia cotrajerva Som: Dorsteia alexiteria L. Dorsteia houstoii L. Dorsteia maculata Lem. Commo Name: sakewort herbe aux serpets cotrahierba Questioaire :

More information

Family: Urticaceae. Synonym(s): Status: Assessor Approved

Family: Urticaceae. Synonym(s): Status: Assessor Approved Taxo: Pourouma cecropiifolia Family: Urticaceae Commo Name(s): Amazo grape sacha uvillas Syoym(s): Assessor: Chuck Chimera Status: Assessor Approved Ed Date: 10 Mar 2016 WRA Score: -6.0 Desigatio: L Ratig:

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 1

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 1 Famil: Apocaceae Taxo: Madevilla boliviesis Som: Dipladeia boliviesis Hook. f. (basiom) Commo Name: white dipladeia white madevilla Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Chuck

More information

Patti Clifford Data Entry Person: Patti Clifford WRA Score 21

Patti Clifford Data Entry Person: Patti Clifford WRA Score 21 Famil: Taxo: Commeliaceae Commelia commuis Som: Commo Name: Asiatic dais Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Patti Clifford Desigatio: H(HPWRA) Data Etr Perso: Patti Clifford

More information

101 Is the species highly domesticated?

101 Is the species highly domesticated? Desigatio = Low Risk Famil: Solaaceae Taxo: Brufelsia latifolia Som: Fraciscea latifolia Pohl (basiom) Brufelsia boodora (Vell.) J.F. Macbr. Commo Name: Yesterda, Toda ad Tomorrow Kiss Me Quick Questioaire

More information

101 Is the species highly domesticated?

101 Is the species highly domesticated? Famil: Malvaceae Taxo: Durio zibethius Som: NA Commo Name: Duria Stikfrucht Durião durió Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Chuck Chimera Desigatio: L Data Etr Perso: Chuck

More information

Family: Malvaceae. Synonym(s): Status: Assessor Approved

Family: Malvaceae. Synonym(s): Status: Assessor Approved Taxo: Chirathodedro Family: Malvaceae Commo Name(s): devil's had tree Mexica hadplat Syoym(s): Cheirostemo plataoides Humb. & Bopl. mokey had tree Assessor: Chuck Chimera Status: Assessor Approved Ed Date:

More information

Assessor: Data Entry Person: HPWRA OrgData WRA Score 1

Assessor: Data Entry Person: HPWRA OrgData WRA Score 1 Famil: Sapidaceae Taxo: Schleichera oleosa Som: Schleichera trijuga Willd. Commo Name: Celo oak lactree Macassar oiltree Mala lactree Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: HPWRA

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 2

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 2 Famil: Covolvulaceae Taxo: Ipomoea batatas Som: Covolvulus batatas L. [ Ipomoea batatas va Ipomoea apiculata M. Martes & Galeotti [ Commo Name: sweet potato 'Uala kuumara Questioaire : curret 20090513

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 2

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 2 Desigatio = Evaluate Famil: Ericaceae Taxo: Vacciium cormbosum L. hbrid Som: NA Commo Name: Souther highbush Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Chuck Chimera Desigatio: EVALUATE

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 16

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 16 Famil: Portulacaceae Taxo: Talium paiculatum Som: Portulaca paiculata Jacq. (basiom) Portulaca pates L. Talium pates Juss. Commo Name: fameflower pik bab's breath jewels of Opar Questioaire : curret 20090513

More information

Assessor. 101 Is the species highly domesticated?

Assessor. 101 Is the species highly domesticated? Famil: Araceae Taxo: Philodedro bipiatifidum Som: Philodedro ludii Warm. Philodedro selloum K. Koch Commo Name: cut-leaf philodedro tree philodedro selloum self-header baaa-de-macaco Questioaire : curret

More information

101 Is the species highly domesticated?

101 Is the species highly domesticated? Famil: Verbeaceae Taxo: Alosia citrodora Som: Alosia triphlla (L'Hér.) Britto Lippia citrodora Kuth Lippia triphlla (L'Hér.) Kutze Verbea triphlla L'Hér. Zappaia citrodora Lam. Commo Name: lemo verbea

More information

101 Is the species highly domesticated?

101 Is the species highly domesticated? Famil: Mrtaceae Taxo: Pliia edulis Som: Mrciaria edulis (Vell.) Skeels Eugeia edulis Vell. Commo Name: Cambucá Cambuca-verdadeiro Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Chuck

More information

101 Is the species highly domesticated?

101 Is the species highly domesticated? Famil: Malvaceae Taxo: Abelmoschus maihot Som: Abelmoschus midaaesis Warb. ex Perkis Abelmoschus puges (Roxb.) Voigt Hibiscus maihot L. Hibiscus puges Roxb. Hibiscus tetraphllus Roxb. ex Horem. Commo Name:

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 4

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 4 Famil: Boragiaceae Taxo: Cordia mooica Som: Gerascathus mooicus (Roxb.) Borhidi Cordia ovalis Commo Name: sadpaper saucer-berr sot berr Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor:

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 12

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 12 Famil: Phllathaceae Taxo: Phllathus reticulatus Som: Kirgaelia reticulata (Poir.) Baill. Commo Name: Potato bush Roast potato plat Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Chuck

More information

101 Is the species highly domesticated?

101 Is the species highly domesticated? Famil: Araliaceae Taxo: Polscias odosa Som: Aralia odosa Blume (basiom) Commo Name: jie jie a ag she Malapapaa Dog-boe Tree Kahili Tree Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor:

More information

101 Is the species highly domesticated?

101 Is the species highly domesticated? Famil: Sapidaceae Taxo: Aesculus califorica Som: Calothrsus califorica Spach (basiom) Commo Name: Califoria buckee Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Chuck Chimera Desigatio:

More information

101 Is the species highly domesticated?

101 Is the species highly domesticated? Famil: Oleaceae Taxo: Jasmium gradiflorum Som: Jasmium floribudum R. Br. ex Frese. Commo Name roal jasmie Spaish jasmie Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Chuck Chimera Desigatio:

More information

TAXON: Cordyline banksii Hook. f. SCORE: 0.0 RATING: Low Risk

TAXON: Cordyline banksii Hook. f. SCORE: 0.0 RATING: Low Risk Taxo: Cordylie baksii Hook. f. Family: Asparagaceae Commo Name(s): forest cabbage tree Syoym(s): Termialis baksii (Hook. f.) Kutze ti gahere Assessor: Chuck Chimera Status: Assessor Approved Ed Date: 6

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 6

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 6 Famil: Lauraceae Taxo: Laurus obilis Som: NA Commo Name: ba ba laurel ba leaf laurel Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Chuck Chimera Desigatio: EVALUATE Data Etr Perso:

More information

TAXON: Annona hypoglauca Mart. SCORE: 2.0 RATING: Low Risk

TAXON: Annona hypoglauca Mart. SCORE: 2.0 RATING: Low Risk Taxo: Aoa hypoglauca Mart. Family: Aoaceae Commo Name(s): ahuaracatoco Syoym(s): Aoa tessmaii Diels aoilla chirimoya guaábaa sacha majagua de aparo sacha-aoa wild cherimoya wild soursop Assessor: Chuck

More information

Assessor Data Entry Person: Assessor WRA Score 8

Assessor Data Entry Person: Assessor WRA Score 8 Famil: Poaceae Taxo: Cmbopogo ardus Som: Adropogo cofertiflorus Steud. Adropogo ardus L. (basiom) Cmbopogo afroardus Stapf Cmbopogo cofertiflorus (Steud.) Stapf Cmbopogo ardus var. cofertiflorus (Steud

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 13

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 13 Famil: Cucurbitaceae Taxo: Momordica charatia Som: Momordica charatia var. abbreviata Ser. Momordica zelaica Mill. Momordica muricata Willd. Commo Name bitter melo bitter gourd balsam-apple momordique

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 1

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 1 Famil: Arecaceae Taxo: Arega tremula Som: Arega midoresis Becc. Carota tremula Blaco (basiom) Saguerus midoresis (Becc.) O. F. Cook Wallichia tremula (Blaco) Mart. Commo Name: Philippies dwarf sugar palm

More information

Family: Apocynaceae. Synonym(s): Status: Assessor Approved

Family: Apocynaceae. Synonym(s): Status: Assessor Approved Taxo: Picralima itida (Stapf) T. Family: Apocyaceae Commo Name(s): akuamma ashati obéro Syoym(s): Picralima klaieaa Pierre Picralima macrocarpa A.Chev. [Ivalid] Taberaemotaa itida Stapf Assessor: Chuck

More information

Patti Clifford Data Entry Person: Patti Clifford WRA Score 9

Patti Clifford Data Entry Person: Patti Clifford WRA Score 9 Famil: Acathaceae Taxo: Thubergia fragras Som: Flemigia gradiflora Roxb. Ex Rottler Thubergia volubilis Pers. Commo Name white thubergia white lad Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score -3

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score -3 Famil: Taxo: Solaaceae Brufelsia americaa Som: Commo Name lad-of-the-ight Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Chuck Chimera Desigatio: L(Hawai'i) Data Etr Perso: Chuck Chimera

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 3

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 3 Famil: Taxo: Arecaceae Howea forsteriaa Som: Commo Name Ketia palm Setr palm Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Chuck Chimera Desigatio: EVALUATE Data Etr Perso: Chuck Chimera

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 6

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 6 Famil: Fabaceae Taxo: Iga lauria Som: Iga fagifolia (L.) Willd. ex Beth. Mimosa fagifolia L. Mimosa lauria Sw. (basiom) Commo Name: guama pois doux sack sac bea sweet-pea Spaish oak Questioaire : curret

More information

101 Is the species highly domesticated?

101 Is the species highly domesticated? Famil: Taxo: Cactaceae Rhipsalis baccifera Som: Casstha baccifera Solad. ex J. Mill. Commo Name: mistletoe cactus Rhipsalis cassutha Gaert. Nopalillo-mal ojo Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor

More information

Assessor Data Entry Person: Assessor WRA Score 3

Assessor Data Entry Person: Assessor WRA Score 3 Famil: Moraceae Taxo: Artocarpus itidus Som: Artocarpus ligaesis Merr. Artocarpus parvus Gagep. Artocarpus sampor Gagep. Commo Name: ma hat hug kwai muk kwai muk Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 18

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 18 Famil: Verbeaceae Taxo: Clerodedrum chiese Som: Clerodedrum fragras Willd. Clerodedrum philippium Schauer Crptathus chiesis Osbeck (basiom) Commo Name: Chiese glor bower fragrat clerodedrum fragrat glor

More information

Protium glabrum Question number Question Answer Score 1.01 Is the species highly domesticated? n 0

Protium glabrum Question number Question Answer Score 1.01 Is the species highly domesticated? n 0 Australia/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for United States. Data used for analysis published in: Gordon, D.R. and C.A. Gantz. 2008. Potential impacts on the horticultural industry of screening

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 4

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 4 Famil: Taxo: Euphorbiaceae Sauropus adrogus Som: Commo Name star gooseberr katuk Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Chuck Chimera Desigatio: EVALUATE Data Etr Perso: Chuck

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 1

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 1 Famil: Fabaceae Taxo: Ormosia moosperma Som: Ormosia dascarpa A. B. Jacks. Sophora moosperma Sw. (basiom) Commo Name: ecklace tree bead tree jumb bea jumb tree Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor

More information

Cupania cinerea Question number Question Answer Score 1.01 Is the species highly domesticated? n 0

Cupania cinerea Question number Question Answer Score 1.01 Is the species highly domesticated? n 0 Australia/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for United States. Data used for analysis published in: Gordon, D.R. and C.A. Gantz. 2008. Potential impacts on the horticultural industry of screening

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: HPWRA OrgData WRA Score 11

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: HPWRA OrgData WRA Score 11 Famil: Oleaceae Taxo: Olea europaea ssp cuspidata Som: Olea africaa Mill. Olea chrsophlla Lam. Olea cuspidata Wall. ex G. Do (basiom) Olea europaea subsp. africaa (Mill.) P. S. G Olea ferrugiea Role Olea

More information

101 Is the species highly domesticated?

101 Is the species highly domesticated? Famil: Taxo: Solaaceae Brufelsia australis Som: Commo Name Yesterda-Toda-Ad-Tomorrow Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Chuck Chimera Desigatio: L Data Etr Perso: Chuck Chimera

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 7

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 7 Famil: Hdrageaceae Taxo: Philadelphus karwiskaus Som: Philadelphus scades Moore Commo Name Mexica Mock Orage evergree mock orage philadelphus Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor:

More information

Assessor Data Entry Person: Assessor WRA Score 14

Assessor Data Entry Person: Assessor WRA Score 14 Famil: Asparagaceae Taxo: Yucca aloifolia Som: Dracaea leeaa Regel Yucca serrulata Haw. Yucca ucataa Egelm. Sarcoucca aloifolia (L.) Lidig. Commo Name: aloe ucca Spaish baoet dagger plat Questioaire :

More information

Cocculus laurifolius (cocculus)

Cocculus laurifolius (cocculus) Australia/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for Florida. Data used for analysis published in: Gordon, D.R., D.A. Onderdonk, A.M. Fox, R.K. Stocker, and C. Gantz. 28. Predicting Invasive Plants in

More information

Cyclanthera pedata (wild cucumber)

Cyclanthera pedata (wild cucumber) Australia/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for Florida. Data used for analysis published in: Gordon, D.R., D.A. Onderdonk, A.M. Fox, R.K. Stocker, and C. Gantz. 28. Predicting Invasive Plants in

More information

Chrysophyllum venezuelanense Question number Question Answer Score 1.01 Is the species highly domesticated? n 0

Chrysophyllum venezuelanense Question number Question Answer Score 1.01 Is the species highly domesticated? n 0 Australia/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for United States. Data used for analysis published in: Gordon, D.R. and C.A. Gantz. 2008. Potential impacts on the horticultural industry of screening

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 1

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 1 Famil: Phllathaceae Taxo: Bridelia isulaa Som: Bridelia isulaa var. subuda Briedelia peagiaa Hook.f. Briedelia miutiflora Hook.f. Bridelia icobarica Chakrab. & Vasudeva Ra Commo Name Gre Birch Prickl Bridelia

More information

Mangifera griffithii Question number Question Answer Score 1.01 Is the species highly domesticated? n 0

Mangifera griffithii Question number Question Answer Score 1.01 Is the species highly domesticated? n 0 Australia/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for United States. Data used for analysis published in: Gordon, D.R. and C.A. Gantz. 2008. Potential impacts on the horticultural industry of screening

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 19

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 19 Famil: Poaceae Taxo: Setaria sphacelata Som: Chaetochloa aurea (Hochst. ex A. Brau) Hitc Paicum sphacelatum Schumach. Setaria almaspicata de Wit Setaria aceps Stapf Setaria aurea Hochst. ex A. Brau Setaria

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 12

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 12 Famil: Poaceae Taxo: Leptochloa paicea Som: Eleusie filiformis Pers. Eleusie mucroata Michx. Festuca filiformis Lam. Leptochloa atteuata (Nutt.) Steud. Leptochloa filiformis (Pers.) P. Beauv. Leptochloa

More information

EVA LUATION OF JACKFRUIT GENOTYPES FOR YI ELD AND QUALITY ATTRIBUTES UNDER EASTERN INDIAN CONDITION

EVA LUATION OF JACKFRUIT GENOTYPES FOR YI ELD AND QUALITY ATTRIBUTES UNDER EASTERN INDIAN CONDITION ~ ~ The Orissa Joural of Horticulture Vol. 31 ( 1) 2003 EVA LUATION OF JACKFRUIT GENOTYPES FOR YI ELD AND QUALITY ATTRIBUTES UNDER EASTERN INDIAN CONDITION Mathura Rai, Vishal Nath, Bikash Das, Ashok Rai

More information

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 6

Chuck Chimera Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 6 Fail: Sterculiaceae Taxo: Brachchito populeus So: Poeciloderis populea Schott & Edl. (basio Sterculia diversifolia G. Do Coo Nae: bottletree bottelboo kurrajog whiteflower kurrajog Questioaire : curret

More information

Thespesia populnea (portia tree)

Thespesia populnea (portia tree) Australia/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for Florida. Data used for analysis published in: Gordon, D.R., D.A. Onderdonk, A.M. Fox, R.K. Stocker, and C. Gantz. 28. Predicting Invasive Plants in

More information

Sw. Moraceae. Brosimum alicastrum. LOCAL NAMES English (ramon tree,bread nut); Italian (capomo); Spanish (ramon,masico,capomo)

Sw. Moraceae. Brosimum alicastrum. LOCAL NAMES English (ramon tree,bread nut); Italian (capomo); Spanish (ramon,masico,capomo) LOCAL NAMES English (ramon tree,bread nut); Italian (capomo); Spanish (ramon,masico,capomo) BOTANIC DESCRIPTION Brosimum alicastrum trees grow to heights of 20-40 m; trunk may attain a diameter of 1-1.5

More information

Australia/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for Florida.

Australia/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for Florida. Australia/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for Florida. Data used for analysis published in: Gordon, D.R., D.A. Onderdonk, A.M. Fox, R.K. Stocker, and C. Gantz. 2008. Predicting Invasive Plants

More information

Suitable Trees for Fort Wayne Streets

Suitable Trees for Fort Wayne Streets Suitable Trees for Fort Waye Streets Street trees ca add iterest, beauty, ad value to a city's forestry ladscape. There's othig quite like drivig dow ay city's oldest thoroughfare lied with large, historic

More information

(Sprengel) Skeels Myrtaceae. Eugenia dombeyi

(Sprengel) Skeels Myrtaceae. Eugenia dombeyi LOCAL NAMES English (Brazil eugenia,brazil cherry); French (jambosier du Bresil,cerisier du Brésil,bois de nèfle); Portuguese (grumixameira,grumixama); Spanish (grumichama) BOTANIC DESCRIPTION Eugenia

More information

Australia/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for United States.

Australia/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for United States. Australia/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for United States. Data used for analysis published in: Gordon, D.R. and C.A. Gantz. 2008. Potential impacts on the horticultural industry of screening

More information

Artocarpus heterophyllus (jackfruit)

Artocarpus heterophyllus (jackfruit) Australia/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for Florida. Data used for analysis published in: Gordon, D.R., D.A. Onderdonk, A.M. Fox, R.K. Stocker, and C. Gantz. 28. Predicting Invasive Plants in

More information

Record your answers to all the problems in the EMCF titled Homework 4.

Record your answers to all the problems in the EMCF titled Homework 4. Math 1311 Homework 4 (Sectio 2.4 & Sectio 2.6) Record your aswers to all the problems i the EMCF titled Homework 4. 1. Solve usig the crossig-graphs method: 12 x + 3x = 9 x + 3. Roud your aswer to two

More information

Predicting Persimmon Puree Colour as a Result of Puree Strength Manipulation. Andrew R. East a, Xiu Hua Tan b, Jantana Suntudprom a

Predicting Persimmon Puree Colour as a Result of Puree Strength Manipulation. Andrew R. East a, Xiu Hua Tan b, Jantana Suntudprom a Predictig Persimmo Puree Colour as a Result of Puree Stregth Maipulatio. Adrew R. East a, Xiu Hua Ta b, Jataa Sutudprom a a Istitute of Food, Nutritio ad Huma Health, Massey Uiversity, Private Bag 11 222,

More information

Australia/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for United States.

Australia/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for United States. Australia/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for United States. Data used for analysis published in: Gordon, D.R. and C.A. Gantz. 2008. Potential impacts on the horticultural industry of screening

More information

GUIDE TO THE GENERA OF LIANAS AND CLIMBING PLANTS IN THE NEOTROPICS

GUIDE TO THE GENERA OF LIANAS AND CLIMBING PLANTS IN THE NEOTROPICS GUIDE TO THE GENERA OF LIANAS AND CLIMBING PLANTS IN THE NEOTROPICS ANACARDIACEAEAE By Pedro Acevedo-Rodríguez (5 Jun 2017) A predominantly pantropical family, extending to temperate regions, mostly of

More information

! " Alternatives to Ash: Native Trees for Southern Wisconsin" Compiled by the UW Madison Arboretum! January, 2014!

!  Alternatives to Ash: Native Trees for Southern Wisconsin Compiled by the UW Madison Arboretum! January, 2014! " Alternatives to Ash: Native Trees for Southern Wisconsin" Compiled by the UW Madison Arboretum January, 2014 The UW Madison Arboretum recommends planting native tree species to replace ash trees (Fraxinus

More information

Strychnos toxifera Question number Question Answer Score 1.01 Is the species highly domesticated? n 0

Strychnos toxifera Question number Question Answer Score 1.01 Is the species highly domesticated? n 0 Australia/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for United States. Data used for analysis published in: Gordon, D.R. and C.A. Gantz. 2008. Potential impacts on the horticultural industry of screening

More information

Bojer Fabaceae - Papilionoideae. Crotalaria trichotoma. LOCAL NAMES English (West Indian rattlebox,curare pea)

Bojer Fabaceae - Papilionoideae. Crotalaria trichotoma. LOCAL NAMES English (West Indian rattlebox,curare pea) LOCAL NAMES English (West Indian rattlebox,curare pea) BOTANIC DESCRIPTION is an erect annual or short-lived perennial herb, up to 2.7 m tall, stem ribbed, appressed puberulous. Leaves trifoliate, without

More information

Portulaca grandiflora -- Texas

Portulaca grandiflora -- Texas Plant Risk Evaluator -- PRE Evaluation Report Portulaca grandiflora -- Texas 2017 Farm Bill PRE Project PRE Score: 15 -- Evaluate this plant further Confidence: 70 / 100 Questions answered: 20 of 20 --

More information

Fruit Ripening and Quality Relationships. Stages of Fruit Development. Informal polling via Socrative

Fruit Ripening and Quality Relationships. Stages of Fruit Development. Informal polling via Socrative Fruit Ripeig ad Quality Relatioships Iformal pollig via Socrative Dowload the Socrative app o your phoe (Socrative for studet), or coect via the website (www.socrative.com) Joi (as a studet) with the room

More information

Del. Rutaceae. Teclea nobilis. LOCAL NAMES Amharic (atesa); English (small fruited teclea); Luganda (mubio)

Del. Rutaceae. Teclea nobilis. LOCAL NAMES Amharic (atesa); English (small fruited teclea); Luganda (mubio) LOCAL NAMES Amharic (atesa); English (small fruited teclea); Luganda (mubio) BOTANIC DESCRIPTION is an unarmed evergreen shrub or tree (3-)5-12 m high or much taller in rain forest; bark smooth or grey;

More information