Previously Used Scientific Names: Myrica floridana (Chapman) A.W. Wood
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1 Common Name: CORKWOOD Scientific Name: Leitneria floridana Chapman Other Commonly Used Names: none Previously Used Scientific Names: Myrica floridana (Chapman) A.W. Wood Family: Leitneriaceae (corkwood) or Simaroubaceae (quassia) Rarity Ranks: G3/S1 State Legal Status: Threatened
2 Federal Legal Status: none Federal Wetland Status: OBL Description: Deciduous shrub or small tree occurring in colonies. Stem up to 20 feet (6 meters) tall, solitary, unbranched, reddish with small corky patches (lenticels) and conspicuous leaf scars. Leaves 2-6¾ inches (5-17 cm) long and ¾ - 2 inches (2-5) wide, alternate, with entire margins, clustered and often drooping at the top of the stem; mature leaves are hairless above and hairy beneath, with wrinkled, veiny surfaces. Leaf stalks ¾ - 1½ inches (2-4 cm) long. Flowers very small, borne in erect catkins on last year s wood before leaves emerge; male and female flowers usually on separate plants. Female catkins ⅜ - ¾ inch (1-2 cm) long, dark red; male catkins ¾ - 2 inches (2-5 cm) long, yellow-brown. Fruits up to 1 inch (1-2.5 cm) long, leathery, one-seeded, flat on one side and rounded on the other, yellow turning to brown, in clusters. Similar Species: Unbranched saplings of swamp bay (Persea palustris) and tupelo (Nyssa ogechee, N. aquatica) may resemble corkwood but lack the wrinkled, veiny leaf surfaces. Swamp bay leaves are spicy smelling. Related Rare Species: Corkwood is the only species in its genus and the only genus in the family Leitneriaceae, although some botanists place corkwood in the large, tropical family, Simaroubaceae (the quassia family). Habitat: Freshwater or tidal swamps and marshes, especially sawgrass-cabbage palm marshes; river floodplains and levees. Life History: Corkwood spreads primarily by producing buds on shallow roots, often forming large colonies of genetically identical clones. Corkwood is usually dioecious its male and female flowers are on separate plants and pollen is dispersed by wind. Because of habitat fragmentation, female and male colonies may become widely separated, thus reducing the chance of sexual reproduction. When fruits are produced, they are probably dispersed by animals. The wood of this shrub is lighter than cork, with a specific gravity of 0.21 (balsa wood has a specific gravity of 0.12); it has been used for fishnet floats and bottle stoppers. Survey Recommendations: Plants flower February March, but are identifiable all year by fruits, corky bark, leaf scars, and overall wandlike appearance. Range: South Georgia, north Florida, east Texas, east Arkansas, and southeast Missouri. The pollen record indicates that corkwood was once widespread throughout the southeastern U.S. but has persisted in only these few, widely scattered areas. Threats: Ditching, draining, and filling wetlands; alteration of hydrology in streams and rivers. Georgia Conservation Status: Three populations are currently known, all on conservation lands. The population in Dougherty County has not been seen in more than 80 years.
3 Conservation and Management Recommendations: Protect wetlands from ditching, draining, clearing, and logging. Protect floodplains from changes in stream flow and flooding regimes. Selected References: Chafin, L.G Field guide to the rare plants of Georgia. State Botanical Garden of Georgia and University of Georgia Press, Athens. Channell, R.B. and C.E. Wood, Jr The Leitneriaceae in the southeastern United States. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 43: Day, J.W Autecology of Leitneria floridana. Dissertation, Mississippi State University, Starkville. Fernando, E.S. and C.J. Quinn Picramniaceae, a new family, and a recircumscription of Simaroubaceae. Taxon 44: Godfrey, R.K Trees, shrubs, and woody vines of northern Florida and adjacent Georgia and Alabama. University of Georgia Press, Athens. Godfrey, R.K. and A.F. Clewell Polygamodioecious Leitneria floridana (Leitneriaceae). Sida 2: Nelson, G Shrubs and woody vines of Florida. Pineapple Press, Sarasota, Florida. NatureServe NatureServe Explorer. Arlington, Virginia. Sharma, J., J.A. Schrader, and W.R. Graves Ecology and phenotypic variation of Leitneria floridana (Leitneriaceae) in disjunct native habitats. Castanea 73(2): Sharma, J. and W.R. Graves Germination of Leitneria floridana seeds from disjunct populations. HortScience 39: Weakley, A.S Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, Georgia, and surrounding areas. University of North Carolina Herbarium, Chapel Hill. Author of Species Account: Linda G. Chafin Date Compiled or Updated: L. Chafin, Sept. 2007: original account K. Owers, Feb. 2010: added pictures
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5 Fruit Female catkin
Common Name: GEORGIA ALDER. Scientific Name: Alnus maritima (Marshall) Muhlenberg ex Nuttall ssp. georgiensis Schrader & Graves
Common Name: GEORGIA ALDER Scientific Name: Alnus maritima (Marshall) Muhlenberg ex Nuttall ssp. georgiensis Schrader & Graves Other Commonly Used Names: seaside alder Previously Used Scientific Names:
Previously Used Scientific Names: Kalmia angustifolia var. carolina (Small) Fernald
Common Name: CAROLINA BOG LAUREL Scientific Name: Kalmia carolina Small Other Commonly Used Names: Carolina bog myrtle, Carolina wicky, Carolina lamb-kill, Carolina sheep-laurel Previously Used Scientific
Common Name: ELLIOTT S CROTON. Scientific Name: Croton elliottii Chapman. Other Commonly Used Names: none. Previously Used Scientific Names: none
Common Name: ELLIOTT S CROTON Scientific Name: Croton elliottii Chapman Other Commonly Used Names: none Previously Used Scientific Names: none Family: Euphorbiaceae (spurge) Rarity Ranks: G2G3/S2S3 State
Common Name: TRAILING MEADOWRUE. Scientific Name: Thalictrum debile Buckley. Other Commonly Used Names: southern meadow-rue
Common Name: TRAILING MEADOWRUE Scientific Name: Thalictrum debile Buckley Other Commonly Used Names: southern meadow-rue Previously Used Scientific Names: Thalictrum arkansanum Boivin, Thalictrum texanum
Common Name: GEORGIA ROCKCRESS. Scientific Name: Arabis georgiana Harper. Other Commonly Used Names: none. Previously Used Scientific Names: none
Common Name: GEORGIA ROCKCRESS Scientific Name: Arabis georgiana Harper Other Commonly Used Names: none Previously Used Scientific Names: none Family: Brassicaceae/Cruciferae (mustard) Rarity Ranks: G1/S1
Common Name: AMERICAN MOUNTAIN-ASH
Common Name: AMERICAN MOUNTAIN-ASH Scientific Name: Sorbus americana Marshall Other Commonly Used Names: American rowan Previously Used Scientific Names: Pyrus microcarpa (Pursh) Sprengel, Pyrus americana
Common Name: BUTTERNUT
Common Name: BUTTERNUT Scientific Name: Juglans cinerea Linnaeus Other Commonly Used Names: white walnut, oilnut Previously Used Scientific Names: Wallia cinerea (Linnaeus) Alefeld Family: Juglandaceae
Common Name: ALABAMA WARBONNET. Scientific Name: Jamesianthus alabamensis Blake & Sherff. Other Commonly Used Names: Jamesianthus
Common Name: ALABAMA WARBONNET Scientific Name: Jamesianthus alabamensis Blake & Sherff Other Commonly Used Names: Jamesianthus Previously Used Scientific Names: none Family: Asteraceae/Compositae (aster)
Common Name: VARIABLE-LEAF INDIAN-PLANTAIN. Scientific Name: Arnoglossum diversifolium (Torrey & Gray) H.E. Robinson. Other Commonly Used Names: none
Common Name: VARIABLE-LEAF INDIAN-PLANTAIN Scientific Name: Arnoglossum diversifolium (Torrey & Gray) H.E. Robinson Other Commonly Used Names: none Previously Used Scientific Names: Cacalia diversifolia
Common Name: PONDSPICE
Common Name: PONDSPICE Scientific Name: Litsea aestivalis (Linnaeus) Fernald Other Commonly Used Names: none Previously Used Scientific Names: Laurus aestivalis Linnaeus, Litsea geniculata (Walter) G.
Common Name: VIRGINIA SPIRAEA. Scientific Name: Spiraea virginiana Britton. Other Commonly Used Names: Appalachian spiraea
Common Name: VIRGINIA SPIRAEA Scientific Name: Spiraea virginiana Britton Other Commonly Used Names: Appalachian spiraea Previously Used Scientific Names: none Family: Rosaceae (rose) Rarity Ranks: G2/S1
Previously Used Scientific Names: Ophrys smallii (Wiegand) House, Listera reniformis Small
Common Name: APPALACHIAN TWAYBLADE Scientific Name: Listera smallii Wiegand Other Commonly Used Names: kidney-leaf twayblade, Small s twayblade Previously Used Scientific Names: Ophrys smallii (Wiegand)
Common Name: AWNED MEADOWBEAUTY. Scientific Name: Rhexia aristosa Britton. Other Commonly Used Names: awnpetal meadowbeauty
Common Name: AWNED MEADOWBEAUTY Scientific Name: Rhexia aristosa Britton Other Commonly Used Names: awnpetal meadowbeauty Previously Used Scientific Names: none Family: Melastomataceae (meadowbeauty) Rarity
Previously Used Scientific Names: Helianthus X verticillatus E.E. Watson
Common Name: WHORLED SUNFLOWER Scientific Name: Helianthus verticillatus Small Other Commonly Used Names: Previously Used Scientific Names: Helianthus X verticillatus E.E. Watson Family: Asteraceae/Compositae
Previously Used Scientific Names: Benzoin melissifolium (Walter) Nees von Esenbeck
Common Name: PONDBERRY Scientific Name: Lindera melissifolia (Walter) Blume Other Commonly Used Names: pond spicebush, jove s fruit Previously Used Scientific Names: Benzoin melissifolium (Walter) Nees
Previously Used Scientific Names: Cypripedium daultonii Soukop (nomen nudum), C. furcatum Rafinesque.
Common Name: SOUTHERN LADY S-SLIPPER Scientific Name: Cypripedium kentuckiense C.F. Reed Other Commonly Used Names: Kentucky lady s-slipper, ivory-lipped lady s-slipper Previously Used Scientific Names:
Other Commonly Used Names: trailing spiny-pod, sandhill spiny pod
Common Name: TRAILING MILKVINE Scientific Name: Matelea pubiflora (Decaisne) Woodson Other Commonly Used Names: trailing spiny-pod, sandhill spiny pod Previously Used Scientific Names: Edisonia pubiflora
Common Name: FLORIDA TORREYA. Scientific Name: Torreya taxifolia Arnott. Other Commonly Used Names: stinking-cedar, gopherwood
Common Name: FLORIDA TORREYA Scientific Name: Torreya taxifolia Arnott Other Commonly Used Names: stinking-cedar, gopherwood Previously Used Scientific Names: Tumion taxifolium (Arnott) Greene Family:
Common Name: ALABAMA LEATHER FLOWER. Scientific Name: Clematis socialis Kral. Other Commonly Used Names: none. Previously Used Scientific Names: none
Common Name: ALABAMA LEATHER FLOWER Scientific Name: Clematis socialis Kral Other Commonly Used Names: none Previously Used Scientific Names: none Family: Ranunculaceae (buttercup) Rarity Ranks: G1/S1
Other Commonly Used Names: Fremont s virgins-bower, Fremont s clematis, Fremont s curly-heads
Common Name: FREMONT S LEATHER FLOWER Scientific Name: Clematis fremontii S. Watson Other Commonly Used Names: Fremont s virgins-bower, Fremont s clematis, Fremont s curly-heads Previously Used Scientific
Common Name: PORTER S REED GRASS. Scientific Name: Calamagrostis porteri A. Gray ssp. porteri. Other Commonly Used Names: Porter s reed bent
Common Name: PORTER S REED GRASS Scientific Name: Calamagrostis porteri A. Gray ssp. porteri Other Commonly Used Names: Porter s reed bent Previously Used Scientific Names: Calamagrostis porteri A. Gray
Previously Used Scientific Names: Portulaca teretifolia ssp. cubensis (Urban) Ortega
Common Name: GRIT PORTULACA Scientific Name: Portulaca biloba Urban Other Commonly Used Names: grit purslane Previously Used Scientific Names: Portulaca teretifolia ssp. cubensis (Urban) Ortega Family:
Previously Used Scientific Names: Clinopodium ashei (Weatherby) Small, Satureja ashei Weatherby
Common Name: ASHE S SAVORY Scientific Name: Calamintha ashei (Weatherby) Shinners Other Commonly Used Names: Ohoopee wild basil, Ashe s calamint, Ashe s wild savory Previously Used Scientific Names: Clinopodium
Common Name: RELICT TRILLIUM. Scientific Name: Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman. Other Commonly Used Names: none. Previously Used Scientific Names: none
Common Name: RELICT TRILLIUM Scientific Name: Trillium reliquum J.D. Freeman Other Commonly Used Names: none Previously Used Scientific Names: none Family: Trilliaceae (Trillium) or Melanthiaceae (bunchflower)
Common Name: RADFORD S SEDGE. Scientific Name: Carex radfordii L.L. Gaddy. Other Commonly Used Names: none. Previously Used Scientific Names: none
Common Name: RADFORD S SEDGE Scientific Name: Carex radfordii L.L. Gaddy Other Commonly Used Names: none Previously Used Scientific Names: none Family: Cyperaceae (sedge) Rarity Ranks: G2/S1? State Legal
Other Commonly Used Names: spreading false foxglove, spreading yellow false foxglove
SPREADING YELLOW FOXGLOVE Scientific Name: Aureolaria patula (Chapman) Pennell Other Commonly Used Names: spreading false foxglove, spreading yellow false foxglove Previously Used Scientific Names: Dasystoma
Other Commonly Used Names: Chattahoochee toadshade, mimic trillium, deceptive trillium
Common Name: CHATTAHOOCHEE TRILLIUM Scientific Name: Trillium decipiens J.D. Freeman Other Commonly Used Names: Chattahoochee toadshade, mimic trillium, deceptive trillium Previously Used Scientific Names:
Previously Used Scientific Names: Isotria affinis (C.F. Austin) Rydberg, Pogonia affinis C.F. Austin ex A. Gray
Common Name: SMALL WHORLED POGONIA Scientific Name: Isotria medeoloides (Pursh) Rafinesque Other Commonly Used Names: none Previously Used Scientific Names: Isotria affinis (C.F. Austin) Rydberg, Pogonia
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Monitoring the Spread of Magnolia kobus within the Royal Botanical Gardens Nature Sanctuaries. Katherine Moesker October 14, 2015
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United States Department of Agriculture. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Developed by Jimmy Carter Plant Materials Center
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