Our commitment to our customers

Transcription

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2 Our commitment to our customers As a key player in Canada s food and agriculture industry, we are keenly aware of the trust placed in us to provide quality product that will contribute to the successes of our customers. It is our commitment to continue earning that trust every day, by pursuing excellence in all we do be it our approach to safety and quality assurance, the environment, innovation or service to our customers. We want to work with our customers to understand your needs and respond with products and service that exceed your expectations.

3 Table of Contents Part I: Seed Industry Overview 2 1. Species, Kinds or Types of Crops Subject to Variety Registration 2 2. Number of Varieties Registered by Crop Kind, Crop Kinds or Species Subject to Canada s Seed Certification System 7 4. Acres in Pedigreed Seed Production in Canada 2014 Inspected Acreage Number of Seed Growers in Canada 12 Part II: The Seed Sector s Contribution to the Canadian Economy Canadian Seed Sector by the Numbers Private Sector Investment Private Sector Investment in Plant Breeding and Research by Crop, Private Sector Investment, Plant Breeding and Research Private Sector Employment Associated with Plant Breeding and Research, 2007 vs Value of Seed Purchases by Canadian Farmers, Use of Certified Seed for Selected Crop Types 16 Part III: International Trade of Seed Trade in Seed: July-June Crop Year Seed Exports: July-June Crop Year Seed Exports: July-June Crop Year (detailed) Top 10 Crops Exported (by value) for Total Seed Imports to Canada Seed Imports: July-June Crop Year (detailed) Top 10 Crops Imported (by value) for Part IV: International Seed Statistics Exports of Seed for Sowing by Country (2012) (over $ US 100 million) Imports of Seed for Sowing by Country (2012) (over $ US 100 million) 27 Part V: Useful Links Government International Seed Sector Partners National Value Chain Partners Programs 28 Part VI: About the Canadian Seed Trade Association What is the CSTA? Mission Statement Core Values 29

4 2 Part I: Seed Industry Overview Canada s fertile soil and various climatic zones enable seed producers to grow more than 50 different crops. Seed Sector Value Chain Round Table, 2014 Table 1 Species, Kinds or Types of Crops Subject to Variety Registration (Source: Seeds Regulations, Schedule III) Species, Kind or Type Scientific Name PART I Barley, six-row, two-row Hordeum vulgare L. subsp. vulgare Bean, faba (small-seeded) Vicia faba L. Bean, field Phaseolus vulgaris L. Buckwheat Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Canola, oilseed rape, rapeseed Brassica rapa L. subsp. campestris (L.) A.R. Clapham or B. napus L. var. napus (= B. napus L. var. oleifera Delile) or B. juncea (L.) Czern. Flax (oilseed) Linum usitatissimum L. Lentil (grain type) Lens culinaris Medik. Mustard, brown, oriental, Indian Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. Mustard, white (= yellow) Sinapis alba L. Oat (grain type) Avena sativa L., A. nuda L. Pea, field (commodity type) Pisum sativum L. Rye (grain type) Secale cereale L. Tobacco (flue-cured) Nicotiana tabacum L. Triticale (grain type) Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus Wheat, common Triticum aestivum L. Wheat, durum Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn. (= T. durum Desf.) Wheat, spelt Triticum aestivum L. subsp. spelta (L.) ell. (= T. spelta L.)

5 Part I: Seed Industry Overview 3 Species, Kind or Type Scientific Name PART II Safflower Carthamus tinctorius L. PART III Alfalfa (forage type) Medicago sativa L. Bird s foot trefoil Lotus corniculatus L. Bromegrass, meadow Bromus riparius Rehmann Bromegrass, smooth Bromus inermis Leyss. Canarygrass, annual Phalaris canariensis L. Canarygrass, reed Phalaris arundinacea L. Clover, alsike Trifolium hybridum L. Clover, red Trifolium pratense L. Clover, sweet (white blossom) Melilotus albus Medik. Clover, sweet (yellow blossom) Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. Clover, white Trifolium repens L. Fescue, meadow (forage type) Festuca pratensis Huds. Fescue, red (forage type) Festuca rubra L. subsp. rubra Fescue, tall (forage type) Festuca arundinacea Schreb. Lupin, lupine (grain and forage types) Lupinus spp. Orchardgrass Dactylis glomerata L. Potato (commercial production) Solanum tuberosum L. Ryegrass, annual (forage type) Lolium multiflorum Lam. Ryegrass, perennial (forage type) Lolium perenne L. Soybean (oilseed) Glycine max (L.) Merr. Sunflower (non-ornamental) Helianthus annuus L. Timothy, common (forage type) Phleum pratense L. Wheatgrass, beardless Pseudoroegneria spicata (Pursh) Á. Löve (= Agropyron spicatum (Pursh) Scribn. & J. G. Smith f. inerme (Scribn. & J.G. Smith) Beetle)

6 4 Part I: Seed Industry Overview Species, Kind or Type Wheatgrass, crested Wheatgrass, intermediate Wheatgrass, northern Wheatgrass, pubescent Wheatgrass, Siberian Wheatgrass, slender Wheatgrass, streambank Wheatgrass, tall Wheatgrass, Western Wildrye, Altai Wildrye, Dahurian Wildrye, Russian Scientific Name Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn. or A. desertorum (Fisch. ex Link) Schult. Elytrigia intermedia (Host) Nevski subsp. intermedia (= Agropyron intermedium (Host) Beauv.) Elymus lanceolatus (Scribn. & J.G. Sm.) Gould subsp. lanceolatus (= Agropyron dasystachyum (Hook.) Scribn.) Elytrigia intermedia (Host) Nevski subsp. intermedia (= Agropyron trichophorum (Link) Richter) Agropyron fragile (Roth) P. Candargy subsp. sibiricum (Willd.) Melderis (= Agropyron sibiricum (Willd.) Beauv.) Elymus trachycaulus (Link) Gould ex Shinners (= Agropyron trachycaulum (Link) Malte ex H.F. Lewis) Elymus lanceolatus (Scribn. & J.G. Sm.) Gould subsp. lanceolatus (= Agropyron riparium Scribn. & Smith) Elytrigia elongata (Host) Nevski (= Agropyron elongatum (Host) P. Beauv.) Pascopyrum smithii (Rydb.) Á. Löve (= Agropyron smithii Rydb.) Leymus angustus (Trin.) Pilg. (= Elymus angustus Trin.) Elymus dahuricus Turcz ex Griseb. Psathyrostachys juncea (Fisch.) Nevski (= Elymus junceus Fisch.)

7 Part I: Seed Industry Overview 5 Table 2 Number of Varieties Registered by Crop Kind, 2014 (Source: Canadian Food Inspection Agency, List of Varieties which are Registered in Canada, December 31, 2014) Crop Kind and Crop Kind and Number of Registered Varieties Number of Registered Varieties Alfalfa 253 Synthetic Hybrid Barley 264 Six-row Spring Forage Type Six-Row Spring Hulless Six-Row Spring Two-Row Spring Forage Type Two-Row Spring Hulless Two-Row Spring Hulless Two-Row Waxy Spring Winter Bean, Faba 13 Beans, Field 169 Black Type Cranberry Type Great Northern Type Manteca Type Pea (Navy) Type Pink Type Pinto Type Red Kidney Type Red Mexican Type White Kidney Type Yellow Type Yellow Eye Type Bromegrass, Meadow 7 Bromegrass, Smooth 14 Buckwheat 8 Canarygrass 7 Canarygrass, Reed 6 Clover, Alsike 4 Clover, Red 41 Single cut Double cut Clover, White 14 Low-growing Tall-growing Clover, Sweet, Yellow Blossom 2 Fescue, Meadow 7 Fescue, Red 1 Fescue, Tall 24 Flax, Oilseed 31 Lentil 57 Lupin, Field 3 Mustard 16 Sinapis alba L. (= Brassica hirta) white/yellow Brassica juncea L. a) Oriental (yellow) b) Indian (brown) Oat 131 Hulless Spring Orchardgrass 49

8 6 Part I: Seed Industry Overview Crop Kind and Number of Registered Varieties Field Peas 122 Spring a) Yellow b) Green Winter a) Green Potato 258 Rape Colza (Canola) 376 Brassica napus L. a) Spring b) Spring Hybrid c) Winter Type d) Winter Hybrid Type Brassica rapa L. a) Spring Brassica juncea Canola quality a) Spring b) Spring Hybrid Rapeseed, Spring 6 Brassica napus Spring Hybrid Rye 12 Spring Winter Ryegrass, Annual 20 Ryegrass, Perennial 20 Safflower 2 Soybean, Oilseed 1022 Sunflower 80 Hybrid a) Oilseed Crop Kind and Number of Registered Varieties b) Non-oilseed Open-pollinated Timothy 58 Tobacco, Flue-cured 14 a) Flue-cured b) Hybrid flue-cured Trefoil, Bird s foot 11 Triticale 22 Spring Winter Wheat 345 Spring Winter Spring Spelt Winter Spelt Wheat, Durum 28 Wheatgrass, Beardless 1 Wheatgrass, Crested 7 Diploid Tetraploid Wheatgrass, Intermediate 2 Wheatgrass, Northern 1 Wheatgrass, Pubescent 1 Wheatgrass, Slender 2 Wheatgrass, Steambank 1 Wheatgrass, Tall 1 Wheatgrass, Western 1 Wildrye, Altai 3 Wildrye, Dahurian 2 Wildrye, Russian 4

9 Part I: Seed Industry Overview 7 Table 3 Crop Kinds or Species Subject to Canada s Seed Certification System (Source: Seeds Regulations, Schedule II) Kind or Species Scientific Name Alfalfa Medicago sativa L. Alkaligrass, weeping Puccinellia distans (L.) (Jacq.) Parl. Barley, six-row, two-row Hordeum vulgare L. subsp. vulgare Bean, field Phaseolus vulgaris L. Bean, horse, tick and faba Vicia faba L. Bean, mung Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek var. radiata Bromegrass, meadow Bromus riparius Rehmann Bromegrass, smooth Bromus inermis Leyss. Bromegrass, sweet Bromus carinatus Hook. & Arn. Buckwheat, common Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Buckwheat, tartarian Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn. Canarygrass Phalaris canariensis L. Canarygrass, reed Phalaris arundinacea L. Canola, oilseed rape, rapeseed Brassica rapa L. subsp. campestris (L.) A.R. Clapham or B. napus L. var. napus (= B. napus L. var. oleifera Delile) or B. juncea (L.) Czern. Chickpea Cicer arietinum L. Clover, alsike Trifolium hybridum L. Clover, crimson Trifolium incarnatum L. Clover, Persian Trifolium resupinatum L. Clover, red Trifolium pratense L. Clover, subterranean Trifolium subterraneum L. Clover, sweet (white blossom) Melilotus albus Medik. Clover, sweet (yellow blossom) Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. Clover, white Trifolium repens L. Corn, field Zea mays L. subsp. mays Cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walpers subsp. unguiculata Fescue, Chewing s Festuca rubra L. subsp. fallax ( uill.) Nyman (= F. rubra L. var. commutata Gaudin) Fescue, fine-leaved Festuca filiformis Pourr. (= F. tenuifolia Sibth.) Fescue, hard Festuca brevipila R. Tracey (= F. longifolia auct. pl.) Fescue, meadow Festuca pratensis Huds. Fescue, red and creeping red Festuca rubra L. subsp. rubra

10 8 Part I: Seed Industry Overview Kind or Species Scientific Name Fescue, sheep Festuca ovina L. Fescue, tall Festuca arundinacea Schreb. Flax, oilseed Linum usitatissimum L. Foxtail, creeping Alopecurus arundinaceus Poir. Foxtail, meadow Alopecurus pratensis L. Kale, forage Brassica oleracea L. var. sabellica L. or B. oleracea L.var. viridis Lentil Lens culinaris Medik. Lupin, lupine (grain & forage types) Lupinus spp. Medick, black Medicago lupulina L. Milk-vetch, cicer Astralagus cicer L. Mustard, black Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch Mustard, brown, oriental, Indian Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. Mustard, white (= yellow) Sinapis alba L. Oat Avena sativa L., A. nuda L. Oatgrass, tall Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) P. Beauv. ex J. Presl & C. Presl Orchardgrass Dactylis glomerata L. Pea, field Pisum sativum L. Peanut Arachis hypogaea L. Redtop Agrostis gigantea Roth Rye Secale cereale L. Ryegrass, annual Lolium multiflorum Lam. Ryegrass, intermediate Lolium hybridum Hausskn. Ryegrass, perennial Lolium perenne L. Sainfoin Onobrychis viciifolia Scop. Sorghum Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench Soybean Glycine max (L.) Merr. Sudan grass Sorghum drummondi (Steud.) Millsp. & Chase (= S. sudanense (Piper) Stapf) Sunflower (non-ornamental) Helianthus annuus L. Timothy, common Phleum pratense L. Timothy, dwarf Phleum bertolonii DC. Tobacco (flue-cured and burley types) Nicotiana tabacum L. Trefoil, Bird s foot Lotus corniculatus L. Triticale Triticosecale spp.

11 Part I: Seed Industry Overview 9 Kind or Species Scientific Name Vetch, crown Securigera varia (L.) Lassen (= Coronilla varia L.) Wheat, common Triticum aestivum L. Wheat, durum Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn. (= T. durum Desf.) Wheatgrass, beardless Pseudoroegneria spicata (Pursh) Á. Löve (= Agropyron spicatum (Pursh) Scribn. & J. G. Smith f. inerme (Scribn. & J.G. Smith) Beetle) Wheatgrass, crested Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn. or A. desertorum (Fisch. ex Link) Schult. Wheatgrass, intermediate Elytrigia intermedia (Host) Nevski subsp. intermedia (= Agropyron intermedium (Host) Beauv.) Wheatgrass, northern Elymus lanceolatus (Scribn. & J.G. Sm.) Gould subsp. lanceolatus (= Agropyron dasystachyum (Hook.) Scribn.) Wheatgrass, pubescent Elytrigia intermedia (Host) Nevski subsp. intermedia (= Agropyron trichophorum (Link) Richter) Wheatgrass, Siberian Agropyron fragile (Roth) P. Candargy subsp. sibiricum (Willd.) Melderis (= A. sibiricum (Willd.) Beauv.) Wheatgrass, slender Elymus trachycaulus (Link) Gould ex Shinners (= Agropyron trachycaulum (Link) Malte ex H.F. Lewis) Wheatgrass, streambank Elymus lanceolatus (Scribn. & J.G. Sm.) Gould subsp. lanceolatus (= Agropyron riparium Scribn. & Smith) Wheatgrass, tall Elytrigia elongata (Host) Nevski (= Agropyron elongatum (Host) P. Beauv.) Wheatgrass, Western Pascopyrum smithii (Rydb.) Á. Löve (= Agropyron smithii Rydb.) Wildrye, Altai Leymus angustus (Trin.) Pilg. (= Elymus angustus Trin.) Wildrye, Dahurian Elymus dahuricus Turcz ex Griseb. Wildrye, Russian Psathyrostachys juncea (Fisch.) Nevski (= Elymus junceus Fisch.)

12 10 Part I: Seed Industry Overview Table 4 Acreage in Pedigreed Seed Production in Canada 2014 Inspected Acreage (Source: Canadian Seed Growers Association, 2014) 4(a) East and Central Canada (acres) Nova New Crop Kind PEI Scotia Brunswick Quebec Ontario Alfalfa Barley 443 1,912 10,545 4,303 Bean 3,038 Bird s foot Trefoil Bromegrass Buckwheat Canarygrass Chickpea Clover Hybrid Corn 19,161 Faba Bean Fescue Flax 47 Hemp Hybrid Canola Lentil Mustard Oats ,366 13,486 4,108 Peas 429 Rape Rye Ryegrass Soybeans , ,258 Timothy Triticale Wheat ,474 24,220 Wheatgrass Minor Crops 141 TOTAL 2, ,015 94, ,924

13 Part I: Seed Industry Overview 11 Table 4 Acreage in Pedigreed Seed Production in Canada 2014 Inspected Acreage (Source: Canadian Seed Growers Association, 2014) 4(b) Western Canada and International Crop Kind Manitoba Sask. Alberta B.C. International 2014 Alfalfa 13,089 15,628 27,602 56,319 Barley 7,405 23,732 43, ,313 Bean ,032 Bird s foot Trefoil 3, ,910 Bromegrass 665 1,202 3, ,372 Buckwheat Canarygrass Chickpea 2, ,508 Clover ,285 2,494 Hybrid Corn 19,161 Faba Bean 438 4,345 6,210 10,993 Fescue 3, ,952 1,420 10,230 Flax 7,113 24,685 7,493 39,338 Hemp 2,443 3,195 3,926 9,690 Hybrid Canola 16 52,823 10,103 62,942 Lentil 21,259 1,126 22,385 Mustard 425 2,055 2,480 Oats 11,005 9,955 4, ,718 Peas 3,796 34,082 25, ,354 Rape Rye 3, ,067 5,659 Ryegrass 14, ,714 Soybeans 123,061 9, ,416 Timothy 16,906 4,924 16,272 3,169 41,271 Triticale ,317 4,264 Wheat 97, ,616 68, ,626 Wheatgrass 175 1,570 3,215 4,959 Minor Crops ,763 TOTAL 311, , ,331 7,094 10,103 1,171,776

14 12 Part I: Seed Industry Overview Table 5 Number of Seed Growers in Canada (Source: Canadian Seed Growers Association, 2014) Year PEI NS NB QC ON MB SK AB BC Canada ** 25 3, , , , , , , ,532 ** Does not include Hybrid Canola Contract Growers which accounted for 203 accounts in 2014.

15 Part II: The Seed Sector s Contribution to the Canadian Economy 13 Seed is the critical first link in the agri-food value chain. It s the starting point for growing crops that produce food, feed and other bioproducts for both domestic and export markets. Seed Sector Value Chain Round Table, 2014 Canadian Seed Sector by the Numbers (Source: Canadian Seed Sector Profile Seed Sector Value Chain Round Table, 2014) $5.61 billion = Estimated total economic impact (direct and indirect) of the Canadian seed industry $2.58 billion = Estimated total economic impact (direct and indirect) of pedigreed seed production on farms in Canada $3.82 billion = Estimated total economic impact (indirect) of Canadian seed processing, marketing and distribution $450 million = Approximate seed exports in ,420 jobs = Implied employment effects of seed industry $101.5 million = Forecasted research and development expenditure by 2017 Private Sector Investment (Source: CSTA Member Investment Survey, 2012) $101.3 million in plant breeding, research and variety development in Canada in 2012, an increase of more than 78% from % of 2012 private sector investment was in three crops: canola, corn and soybeans 8% of 2012 private sector investment was in cereal plant breeding, research and variety development Companies forecast that in 2017, more than 13% of combined investments will be in cereal plant breeding, research and variety development

16 14 Part II: The Seed Sector s Contribution to the Canadian Economy Table 1 Private Sector Investment in Plant Breeding and Research by Crop, 2012 (Source: Canadian Seed Trade Association, 2012) Crop (projected) $CDN % $CDN % $CDN % Canola 41,900, ,800, ,540, Corn 4,800, ,540, ,150, Soybeans 3,900, ,570, ,520,000 9 Other Oilseeds 1,250, ,000 1 Cereals: 3,300, ,378, ,511, Wheat 6,160, ,120, Barley 1,680, , Other Cereals 538, , Forages 500, , , Pulse Crops 235, , Special Crops 1,000, , , Vegetables Other 1,600, , ,000 0 TOTAL 57,000, ,314, ,551,250 Table 2 Private Sector Investment, Plant Breeding and Research (Source: CSTA Member Surveys ) Crop Kind 1987 % Total 2001 % Total 2007 % Total 2012 % Total Canola Corn Soybeans Other Oilseeds N/A - N/A - N/A Cereals Forages Pulse Crops N/A - N/A - N/A - N/A - Special Crops Garden Seed Other TOTAL

17 Part II: The Seed Sector s Contribution to the Canadian Economy 15 Table 3 Private Sector Employment Associated with Plant Breeding and Research, 2007 vs (Source: CSTA Member Surveys 2007 and 2012) Employment Category % change Plant Breeders and Technicians Sales Production Processing Seasonal Staff Other (support etc) TOTAL 986 1, Table 4 Value of Seed Purchases by Canadian Farmers, (Source: Statistics Canada) ,390,626, ,531,361, ,773,180, ,974,762, ,062,835,390 Total Value of Seed Purchases ($ millions)

18 16 Part II: The Seed Sector s Contribution to the Canadian Economy Table 5 Use of Certified Seed for Selected Crop Types (Certified Seed s Percentage of the Seed Required to Plant the Crop) (Source: CSTA Member Surveys and Statistics Canada) Crop Kind Western Canada Spring Wheat Winter Wheat Durum Wheat Barley Oats Flax Ontario Winter Wheat Spring Wheat

19 Part III: International Trade of Seed 17 Canadian seed exports have increased markedly since 2009/10. In 2012/13, Canadian seed exports were valued at approximately $450 million. Seed Sector Value Chain Round Table, 2014 Table 1 Trade in Seed: July-June Crop Year (Source: Statistics Canada, CATSNET Analytics) Year Exports ($Cdn) Imports ($Cdn) Balance ($Cdn) ,086, ,343,389-52,257, ,747, ,023,042-4,275, ,248, ,143,549 24,104, ,917, ,710,786-26,793,599 Table 2 Seed Exports: July-June Crop Year (Source: Statistics Canada, CATSNET Analytics) $ Cdn Kg ,086, ,542, ,747, ,316, ,248, ,849, ,917, ,514,707

20 18 Part III: International Trade of Seed Table 3 Seed Exports: July-June Crop Year (Source: Statistics Canada, CASNET Analytics) (Differences may exist due to rounding) $ Cdn/Quantity $ Cdn/Quantity $ Cdn/Quantity Product Description (000 s)/(kg/t) (000 s)/(kg/t) (000 s)/(kg/t) Pea seeds, dried, shelled, for sowing (Kilogram) 14,504 29,388 18,498 39,882 34,405 76,628 Chickpea seeds dried, shelled, for sowing (Kilogram) 2,897 3,055 3,887 4,306 2,932 3,748 Beans, Vigna mungo, Hepper/ Vigna rad Wilczek for sowing (Kg) Beans small red (Adzuki) dried, shelled for sowing (Kilogram) 1,257 1, ,822 1,622 Navy/white pea bean seeds dried, shelled for sowing (Kilogram) ,157 2,754 3,064 3,507 Kidney bean seeds for sowing, dried, shelled, nes (Kilogram) 2,316 2,289 3,506 2,871 3,945 3,138 Bean seeds for sowing, nes, dried, shelled (Kilogram) 43,968 44,967 45,602 46,368 53,914 48,329 Lentil seeds for sowing, dried, shelled (Kilogram) 9,745 10,985 10,423 11,871 15,284 18,954 Broad bean & horse bean for sowing, dried, shelled (Kilogram) ,010 1,958 Leguminous vegetable seeds for sowing, dried, shelled, w/n skinned/ split,nes (Kilogram) Rye seed (Metric Ton) 14, Rye seed used for sowing (Metric Ton) 7, , , Barley seed (Metric Ton) Barley seed used for sowing (Metric Ton) 4, , , Oats, seed (Kilogram) 2,614 6, Oats, seed for sowing (Kilogram) 2,481 8,411 4,422 12,172 4,146 12,923 Yellow dent corn seed (Kilogram) 65,112 17, ,999 21, ,739 17,466 Maize (corn) seed, o/t yellow dent, nes (Kilogram) 4,176 1,127 12,548 2,864 13,607 6,888

21 Part III: International Trade of Seed $ Cdn/Quantity $ Cdn/Quantity $ Cdn/Quantity Product Description (000 s)/(kg/t) (000 s)/(kg/t) (000 s)/(kg/t) Grain sorghum (Kilogram) Grain, sorghum, seed for sowing (Kg) Buckwheat (Kilogram) 2,968 4,027 2,603 3,490 2,746 3,517 Millet, used for sowing (Kilogram) , Soya beans, for sowing (Kilogram) , Soya beans, seed for sowing, whether or not broken (Kilogram) 8,129 7,946 35,573 34,658 37,423 37,438 Linseed (including solin), for sowing (Kilogram) ,033 4,837 9,052 13,408 Low erucic acid rape or colza seeds for sowing (Kilogram) 17,165 10,848 18,038 2,427 13,703 4,376 Rape or colza seeds, o/t low erucic acid, for sowing, w/n broken (Kilogram) Sunflower seeds, for sowing (Kilogram) ,148 1,113 3,896 3,925 Cotton seeds, for sowing, whether or not broken (Kilogram) Hemp seeds, whether or not broken (Kilogram) 10,477 1,045 21,049 1,880 30,102 2,519 Sugar beet seeds, for sowing (Kilogram) Seeds, lucerne (alfalfa), for sowing, certified (Kilogram) 16,685 3,607 20,054 4,414 26,970 5,874 Seeds, lucerne (alfalfa), for sowing, o/t certified (Kilogram) 16,996 3,844 19,833 4,192 28,998 5,459 Seeds, Red clover, double cut, for sowing (Kilogram) Seeds, Red clover, nes, for sowing (Kg) 2,684 1,425 2,317 1,393 3,865 2,120 Sweet clover seeds, for sowing (Kg) 1, , , Alsike clover seeds, for sowing (Kg) 2,195 1,188 2,314 1,027 2, White clover seeds, for sowing (Kg) Seeds, clover nes, for sowing (Kg) Seeds, creeping red fescue, for sowing, certified (Kilogram) 9,947 6,373 4,868 2,736 2,783 1,348 Seeds, creeping red fescue, for sowing, o/t certified (Kilogram) 8,396 5,901 13,828 8,651 17,698 8,656

22 20 Part III: International Trade of Seed $ Cdn/Quantity $ Cdn/Quantity $ Cdn/Quantity Product Description (000 s)/(kg/t) (000 s)/(kg/t) (000 s)/(kg/t) Seeds, tall fescue, for sowing (Kg) 2,257 1,615 1, , Seeds, meadow fescue, for sowing (Kg) ,766 Seeds, fescue nes, for sowing (Kg) Kentucky blue grass seeds, for sowing (Kilogram) , Seeds, rye grass, annual, for sowing (Kg) 1,804 1,108 1,285 1, Seeds, rye grass, perennial, for sowing (Kilogram) 18,661 12,354 12,792 7,840 10,611 5,225 Seeds, Bromegrass, meadow, for sowing (Kilogram) 1, , , Seeds, Bromegrass, smooth, for sowing (Kilogram) 2, , Seeds, Bromegrass, nes, for sowing (Kilogram) Seeds, Wheatgrass, crested, for sowing (Kilogram) 2, ,482 1,076 2, Seeds, Wheatgrass, nes, for sowing (Kilogram) 2, , , Seeds, bent grass, for sowing (Kg) Seeds, Bird s foot trefoil, for sowing (Kilogram) 5, , , Seeds, Orchardgrass, for sowing (Kg) Seeds, Timothy grass, for sowing, certified (Kilogram) 9,248 3,544 10,035 3,431 10,674 3,702 Seeds, Timothy grass, for sowing, o/t certified (Kilogram) Seeds, Wild rye, for sowing (Kilogram) , , Seeds of forage plants, for sowing, nes Kilogram) 12,236 4,446 12,331 4,019 13,856 4,255 Seeds, flower, for sowing (Kilogram) Seeds, vegetable, nes for sowing (Kilogram) 1, , TOTAL by Kilogram 327, , , , , ,136 TOTAL by Metric Ton 25, , ,536 82

23 Part III: International Trade of Seed 21 Table 4 Top 10 Crops Exported (by value) for 2014 (Source: Statistics Canada, CATSNET Analytics) % Total Product Description 2014 Exports 1 Wheat, nes and meslin (Metric Ton) 5,759,405, % 2 Rape/colza seeds, low erucic acid, for oil extraction, w/n broken (Kilogram) 5,099,332, % 3 Durum wheat (Metric Ton) 2,192,016, % 4 Soya beans, other than seed for sowing, whether or not broken, for oil extraction (Kilogram) 1,303,805, % 5 Peas, nes, yellow, dried, shelled, whether or not skinned (Kilogram) 1,079,108, % 6 Lentils, red, dried, shell, whether or not skin/split, nes (Kilogram) 866,829, % 7 Soya beans, o/t seed for sowing, whether or not broken, o/t for oil extraction (Kilogram) 624,553, % 8 Oats, other than seed for sowing (Kilogram) 537,475, % 9 Lentils, green, incl. French green (dark speckled), dried, shell, w/n skin/ split, nes (Kilogram) 535,642, % 10 Barley, other than seed for sowing (Metric Ton) 489,921, % Table 5 Total Seed Imports to Canada (Source: Statistics Canada, CATSNET Analytics) $ Cdn Kg ,343, ,123, ,023, ,827, ,143, ,412, ,710, ,795,731

24 22 Part III: International Trade of Seed Table 6 Seed Imports: July-June Crop Year (Source: Statistics Canada, CATSNET Analytics) (Differences may exist due to rounding) $ Cdn/Quantity $ Cdn/Quantity $ Cdn/Quantity Product Description (000 s)/(kg/t) (000 s)/(kg/t) (000 s)/(kg/t) Sweet corn seed dried but not further prepared (Metric Ton) 5, , ,185 8 Peas, seed, in packages <=500g (Kg) Peas, seeds for sowing, in packages >500g (Kilogram) Chickpea (garbanzos) seeds for sowing, dried, shelled (Kilogram) Bean seeds for sowing, Vigna radiata, in pack >500g, dried, shelled (Kilogram) ,442 1,048 Bean seeds for sowing, small red (Adzuki) dried, shelled (Kilogram) Navy/white pea beans, seed, dried, shelled, w/n skinned (Kilogram) 2,191 1,254 2,065 1,067 3,455 1,646 Kidney bean seeds, nes, dried, shelled, w/n skinned (Kilogram) 2,935 1,487 5,371 2,647 7,099 3,745 Beans, seeds for sowing, nes (Kilogram) 6,103 1,991 6,494 2,143 8,362 3,028 Lentils, seeds for sowing (Kilogram) 2,253 3,521 2,296 1,341 2,032 3,945 Broad beans and horse beans, seed, in packages >500g (Kilogram) Broad bean and horse bean seeds for sowing, dried, shelled, nes (Kilogram) Leguminous vegetable seed, nes, in packages >500g (Kilogram) 3,359 2,469 2,871 2,192 3,172 2,382 Leguminous vegetables, seeds for sowing, nes, in packages <=500g (Kg) Durum wheat, seed, within access commitment (Metric Ton) Durum wheat, seed for sowing, within access commitment, nes (Metric Ton) Durum wheat, seed for sowing, over access commitment (Metric Ton) Wheat seed within access commitment, nes (Metric Ton) Wheat and meslin, o/t durum wheat seed for sowing, within access commitment, nes (Metric Ton) Wheat and meslin, o/t durum wheat seed for sowing, over access commitment, nes (Metric Ton) Rye (Metric Ton)

25 Part III: International Trade of Seed $ Cdn/Quantity $ Cdn/Quantity $ Cdn/Quantity Product Description (000 s)/(kg/t) (000 s)/(kg/t) (000 s)/(kg/t) Rye seed, for sowing (Metric Ton) Barley, seed, within access commitment (Metric Ton) Barley seed, for malting purposes, within access commitment (Metric Ton) 0 0 3, Barley seed, o/t malting purposes, within access commitment, nes (Metric Ton) Oats, seed (Metric Ton) Oats, seed for sowing (Metric Ton) , , Maize (corn), seed, yellow dent (Metric Ton) 114, , , Maize (corn), seed, except yellow dent (Metric Ton) 15, , ,483 9 Grain sorghum (Metric Ton) Grain sorghum, seed for sowing (Metric Ton) Buckwheat seed (Metric Ton) , Millet seed (Kilogram) Millet seed for sowing (Kilogram) Soya beans, for sowing (Kilogram) 1,138 1, Soya beans, seed for sowing (Kilogram) 13,906 9,454 12,714 10,064 11,465 6,694 Ground nuts, seed for sowing (Kilogram) Linseed (Metric Ton) 7, , , Low erucic acid rape or colza seeds, for sowing (Kilogram) 13,618 4,474 31,000 7,707 24,718 7,949 Rape or colza seeds, for sowing, nes (Kg) 1, Sunflower seeds, for sowing (Kilogram) 2, , , Cotton seeds, for sowing (Kilogram) 1,327 4,129 3,673 8,963 2,495 5,830 Hemp seeds, for sowing (Kilogram) Sugar beet seeds, for sowing (Kilogram) 4, , , Lucerne (alfalfa) seeds for sowing (Kg) 8,573 1,732 6,742 1,233 7,029 1,368 Red clover seeds, for sowing (Kg) 2, ,286 1,292 2, Sweet clover seeds, for sowing (Kg) White clover seeds, for sowing (Kg) , , Clover seeds, nes, for sowing (Kilogram) Creeping red fescue seeds, for sowing (Kg) 7,434 4,142 9,164 5,383 10,479 5,198 Meadow fescue seeds, for sowing (Kg) Chewing fescue seeds, for sowing (Kg) Tall fescue seeds, for sowing (Kilogram) , ,112 1,006 Fescue seeds, nes, for sowing (Kilogram) 1, , , Kentucky blue grass seeds, certified, for sowing (Kilogram) 2,794 1,297 4,211 1,777 3,496 1,352 Kentucky blue grass seeds, o/t certified, for sowing (Kilogram) 7,340 3,589 8,510 3,778 10,409 3,743

26 24 Part III: International Trade of Seed $ Cdn/Quantity $ Cdn/Quantity $ Cdn/Quantity Product Description (000 s)/(kg/t) (000 s)/(kg/t) (000 s)/(kg/t) Annual rye grass seeds, for sowing (Kg) 1,998 1,947 2,335 2,326 2,896 2,466 Perennial rye grass seeds, for sowing (Kg) 8,515 5,539 9,938 5,812 14,291 6,730 Bent grass seeds, for sowing (Kilogram) 1, , , Meadow bromegrass seeds, for sowing (Kilogram) Smooth bromegrass seeds, for sowing (Kilogram) Bromegrass seeds, except meadow and smooth, for sowing (Kilogram) Wheatgrass seeds, for sowing (Kilogram) Bluegrass seeds (other than Kentucky), for sowing (Kilogram) Orchardgrass seeds, for sowing (Kg) Bird's foot trefoil seeds, for sowing (Kg) Beet seeds, for sowing, except sugar beet (Kilogram) Timothy grass seeds, certified, for sowing (Kilogram) Timothy grass seeds, o/t certified, for sowing (Kilogram) Forage plant seeds, nes, for sowing (Kg) 2, ,858 1,215 4,062 1,034 Flower seeds, for sowing, in packages less than 25g (Kilogram) 7, , , Flower seeds, for sowing, in packages of 25g or more (Kilogram) 7, , , Tomato seeds, for sowing, in bulk or in packages exceeding 500g (Kilogram) 9, , , Onion seeds, for sowing, in bulk or in packages exceeding 500g (Kilogram) 6, , , Cabbage seeds, for sowing, in bulk or in packages exceeding 500g (Kilogram) Cauliflower seeds, for sowing, in bulk or in packages exceeding 500g (Kg) 1, Lettuce seeds, for sowing, in bulk or in packages exceeding 500g (Kilogram) 1, , , Carrot seeds, for sowing, in bulk or in packages exceeding 500g (Kilogram) 4, , , Radish seeds, for sowing, in bulk or in packages exceeding 500g (Kilogram) 1, , , Cucumber seeds, for sowing, in bulk or in packages exceeding 500g (Kg) , Celery seeds, for sowing, in bulk or in packages exceeding 500g (Kilogram) Parsley seeds, for sowing, in bulk or in packages exceeding 500g (Kilogram)

27 Part III: International Trade of Seed $ Cdn/Quantity $ Cdn/Quantity $ Cdn/Quantity Product Description (000 s)/(kg/t) (000 s)/(kg/t) (000 s)/(kg/t) Spinach seeds, for sowing, in bulk or in packages exceeding 500g (Kilogram) , , Broccoli seeds, for sowing, in bulk or in packages exceeding 500g (Kilogram) 1, , , Parsnip seeds, for sowing, in bulk or in packages exceeding 500g (Kilogram) Pumpkin seeds, for sowing, in bulk or in packages exceeding 500g (Kilogram) 3, , , Turnip seeds, for sowing, in bulk or in packages exceeding 500g (Kilogram) Vegetable seeds, nes, for sowing, in bulk or in packages exceeding 500g (Kg) 11,801 1,174 12,873 1,419 17,829 1,313 Tomato seeds, for sowing, in pack of >=25g but <=500g, >=$5.50 per 500g (Kilogram) 12, , , Onion seeds, for sowing, in pack of >=25g but <=500g, >=$5.50 per 500g (Kilogram) Cabbage and cauliflower seeds, in pack >=25g but >=$5.50 per 500 g (Kilogram) Lettuce seeds, for sowing, in pack >=25g but <=500g, >=$5.50 per 500g (Kilogram) Cucumber seeds for sowing, in pack >=25g but <=500g, >=$5.50 per 500g (Kilogram) 8, , , Vegetable seeds, nes, for sowing, in pack >=25g but <=500g, >=$5.50 per 500g (Kilogram) 12, , , Vegetable seeds, nes, for sowing, in packs <=500g (Kilogram) 3, , , Cucumber seeds, nes, for sowing, in packs <=500g (Kilogram) Vegetable seeds, nes, for sowing, in packs <=500g (Kilogram) 1, Melon seeds, for sowing, in bulk or packages, exceeding 500g (Kilogram) Seeds, nes, in bulk or in packages > 500g, and fruits and spores, for sowing (Kilogram) , Seeds, nes, for sowing, in packages not exceeding 500g (Kilogram) 1, , TOTAL, Kilogram 212,303 62, ,221 71, ,572 72,800 TOTAL, Metric Ton 144, , ,068 91

28 26 Part III: International Trade of Seed Table 7 Top 10 Crops Imported (by value) for 2014 (Source: Statistics Canada, CATSNET Analytics) % Total Product Description 2014 Imports 1 Coffee, not roasted, not decaffeinated, not certified organic (Kilogram) 605,763, % 2 Other raw cane sugar, exceeding 99% but less than 99.5% of polarization (Metric Ton) 501,171, % 3 Grapes, o/t species Vitis labrusca, fresh, in natural state, not certified organic (Kilogram) 457,657, % 4 Bananas, other than plantains, fresh, not certified organic (Kilogram) 413,617, % 5 Strawberries, fresh, except for processing, nes, not certified organic (Kilogram) 348,833, % 6 Almonds, shelled (Kilogram) 232,969, % 7 Maize (corn), seed, yellow dent (Metric Ton) 227,941, % 8 Cocoa beans, whole or broken, raw or roasted (Metric Ton) 223,529, % 9 Raspberries and loganberries, fresh, nes, in natural state, not certified organic (Kilogram) 219,602, % 10 Oranges, except Temple, fresh, not certified organic (Kilogram) 206,523, %

29 Part IV: International Statistics 27 The commercial world seed market is assessed at approximately USD $45 billion. International Seed Federation, 2013 Table 1 Exports of Seed for Sowing by Country, 2012 (over $ US 100 million) (Source: International Seed Federation. Accessed March 2015 from Table 2 Imports of Seed for Sowing by Country, 2012 (over $ US 100 million) (Source: International Seed Federation. Accessed March 2015 from Country Seed Exports Millions $ US Country Seed Imports Millions $ US France 1,804 Netherlands 1,583 United States 1,531 Germany 727 Chile 388 Hungary 385 Canada 323 Italy 315 Denmark 265 China 251 Romania 218 Belgium 208 Mexico 203 Brazil 165 United Kingdom 151 Argentina 150 Japan 145 Spain 145 Israel 126 Austria 118 New Zealand 111 Australia 108 United States 1,312 Germany 700 France 687 Netherlands 685 Italy 422 Spain 374 Russian Federation 373 Mexico 355 United Kingdom 287 China 268 Ukraine 268 Japan 231 Belgium 228 Canada 223 Turkey 188 Poland 175 Romania 147 Hungary 139 Brazil 120 Australia 113 Korea, Republic of 111 Austria 111 Denmark 106 South Africa 101

30 28 Part V: Useful Links Government Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada: Seed Sector Value Chain Round Table: Canadian Food Inspection Agency: International African Seed Trade Association: American Seed Trade Association: Asia & Pacific Seed Association: European Seed Association: International Seed Federation: Seed Sector Partners Canadian Plant Technology Agency: Canadian Seed Growers Association: Canadian Seed Institute: Commercial Seed Analysts Association of Canada Inc.: National Value Chain Partners Barley Council of Canada: Canadian Canola Growers Association: Canadian Federation of Agriculture: Canadian Horticultural Council: Canadian Ornamental Horticultural Council: Canadian Potato Council: Cereals Canada: CropLife Canada: Flax Council of Canada: Grain Growers of Canada: Soy Canada: Programs Agriculture More than Ever: Plant Breeders Rights: Seed for the Future:

31 Part VI: About the Canadian Seed Trade Association 29 Seed is the driver of innovation and competitiveness in Canadian Agriculture and the Seed Sector is a strong contributor to the economy of our country. Canadian Seed Trade Association What is the CSTA? e Canadian Seed Trade Association (CSTA) is a voluntary association composed of approximately 130 seed companies from across Canada. Member companies develop, produce, market and trade high-quality seed for field crops and home gardens. Founded in 1923, the CSTA represents a broad cross-section of Canadian businesses that are engaged in all aspects of seed research, production and marketing, both domestically and internationally. Membership ranges from those who market garden seed and herbs to large western grain handlers, and from small family-run businesses to large multinational corporations. e seed products come from about 50 principal crops, including: grains and oilseeds, special crops, forage and turf grasses, flowers, vegetables, fruits. CSTA s Mission Statement To foster seed industry innovation and trade CSTA s Core Values 1. Our direction comes from our members. 2. We ensure fair and equitable recognition of members. 3. We foster an environment that encourages participation of our members. 4. We are strategic and proactive in our planning, thinking and actions. 5. We are dedicated to prioritizing and resolving the common issues that affect our members. 6. We strive for consensus in all of our decision making processes. 7. We work constructively with other groups in pursuit of our mission statement. 8. We act with transparency and integrity in conducting our business. 9. We are non-partisan. 10. We comply with the Canadian Competition Act.

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