West Virginia Pumpkin Cultivar Evaluations 2014

Transcription

1 West Virginia Pumpkin Cultivar Evaluations 2014 Lewis W. Jett, State Extension Horticulture Specialist, West Virginia University Rodney Wallbrown, West Virginia University Mason County Extension J.J. Barrett, West Virginia University Wood County Extension J. D. Johnson, West Virginia University Jackson County Extension Pumpkins (Cucurbita sp. L.) are a very popular fall crop in West Virginia. Each year, new commercial cultivars are released and growers must choose the appropriate cultivars for their respective markets. To increase the supply of locally grown pumpkins, growers who have winter feedlots can use these small land plots to grow pumpkins for direct market. In addition, the pumpkin crop will use the residual nitrogen from the feedlot livestock and reduce leaching into adjacent streams or ponds. Materials and Methods Thirty-one pumpkin cultivars were evaluated on a commercial farm in Mason County (southwest), West Virginia (38.7 N lat.). The soil type was a Moshannon silt loam with a base ph of 6.0. Prior to planting 46 lbs. of N, 19 lbs. P 2 O 5, and 100 lbs. K 2 O were applied to the test plot area (0.6 acres). The plot had been a commercial feedlot for five months prior to planting, so residual nitrogen and other nutrients were present. The pumpkin cultivars were seeded into 50- cell transplant trays and grown as transplants for three weeks before being hand-planted on June 25, Each plot was 35 feet long with 6 feet between rows and 4 feet between plants, resulting in approximately 1,815 plants/acre. Standard pest management practices were employed, although no fungicides were used to control powdery mildew. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replications per cultivar. Marketable fruit were harvested on October 5, 2014 and sorted into marketable and nonmarketable before weighing and measuring quality variables such as color and stem quality. Color was rated based on color charts from the Royal Horticulture Society (Version V). Results and Discussion Average fruit size ranged from lbs. across all cultivars with Jill-B-Little and Jack-B- Little the smallest fruit harvested and Polar Bear, Mammoth Gold, and Champion the largest average fruit weight harvested (Table 1, 2). Apollo had excellent yields and color, but fair stem quality (Table 3). Likewise Champion and Challenger had excellent color and yield for a jack-o-lantern size pumpkin and fair stem quality. Camaro and Mustang have excellent size, yield, and uniformity with powdery mildew tolerance. However, fruit color on Mustang is not dark orange and stem quality is not consistently high. Racer was uniform in size and quality, but average weight was less than 15 lbs. per pumpkin in this trial. Rockstar had high marketable yields with excellent color and stem quality. Rhea is a moderate, orange-colored pumpkin with high yields and average stem quality. Jack-B-Little yielded significantly higher quality and number of marketable fruit relative to the other miniature pumpkin, Jill-B-Little. Polar Bear was the only white-fruited cultivar but had very high marketable yield and quality. Warty Goblin would be a specialty pumpkin variety but had excellent yields and quality.

2 Rockstar Racer Champion Apollo Cougar Challenger Figure 1. Selection of high performing pumpkin cultivars harvested in 2014.

3 Table 1. Total marketable yield and fruit per acre for jack-o-lantern pumpkin cultivars in West Virginia. Cultivar Mkt. (%) Marketable Pumpkins/ Acre Avg. Wt. (lbs.) Wt./Acre (tons) Seed Source Apollo , HM Camaro , HL Challenger , SW Champion , JS Charisma , JS Corvette , HL Cougar , HL Cronus , HM Expert JS Gladiator , HM Gold Strike RU Gold Rush RU Gold Medal , RU Gold Gem , RU Gold Medallion , RU Howden , RU Mammoth Gold , RU Mustang , RU New Racer Plus , JS Polar Bear , JS Racer , JS Rhea , HM Rival , JS Rockstar , JS Solid Gold , RU Warty Goblin , HM Mean 8.9 1, Standard Error:

4 Table 2. Marketable yield of miniature and pie pumpkins. Cultivar Mkt. (%) Marketable Pumpkins/ Acre Avg. Wt. (lbs.) Wt./acre (tons) Seed Source Half Pint , HL Jack-B-Little , HL Jill-B-Little , HL Little Giant , HM Mischief , HM Mean , Standard Error 7.2 1, Table 3. Color, and stem quality ratings of pumpkin cultivars evaluated in West Virginia. Cultivar Color z Stem Rating y Apollo moderate orange 3.2 Camaro moderate orange 2.1 Challenger strong-moderate orange 3.0 Champion strong orange 4.3 Charisma moderate orange 4.0 Corvette moderate orangish-yellow 3.3 Cougar strong orange 2.5 Cronus strong orange 2.0 Expert strong orange 1.5 Gladiator strong orange 1.8 Gold Strike moderate orange 4.3 Gold Rush strong orange 3.7 Gold Medal strong orange 5.0 Gold Gem moderate orange 2.0 Gold Medallion moderate orangish-yellow 2.0 Howden strong orange 2.0 Half Pint moderate orangish-yellow 4.0 Jack-B-Little moderate yellowish-orange 2.7 Jill-B-Little moderate orangish-yellow 4.5 Little Giant moderate orange 2.0 Mammoth Gold brownish orange 5.0 Mischief strong orange 1.8 Mustang moderate orangish-yellow 4.0 Continued on next page

5 Table 3 (continued) Cultivar Color z Stem Rating y New Racer Plus moderate orange 3.8 Polar Bear strong white 1.8 Racer strong orange 1.0 Rhea moderate orange 3.0 Rival moderate orange 4.1 Rockstar strong orange 1.0 Solid Gold moderate orange 4.0 z Color rating: RHS Horticulture Color Charts. y Stem rating: 1=strong, thick; 5=weak or decayed. Acknowledgements. Thanks to Dan Foglesong and family for providing space for this evaluation on their farm near Gallipolis Ferry, WV. Thanks also to Brad Bergefurd, Ohio State University, and all the cooperating seed companies who supplied seed for trial.