Warm Season Vegetables

Transcription

1 Warm Season Vegetables

2 Fabaceae - The Bean Family

3 The Bean Family Formerly know as Leguminosae and called legumes A large family that ranges from frost tolerant to warm season plants Fruit is a single pod with seeds Large seeds that may have a hard seed coat Have a symbiotic bacterial association that fixes nitrogen from the atmosphere

4 Legume Trivia Other members of the Bean Family Kudzu Mimosa Alfalfa Lupines and Blue Bonnets Jack Bean Mesquite Indigo Clover Kentucky Coffee Tree Red Bud Locust Wisteria

5 Nitrogen Fixation Legumes have a symbiotic relationship with Rhizobium sp. bacteria. The plant supplies carbohydrates to the bacterium and the bacteria supplies nitrogen to the plant. Critical for world wide plant protein production.

6 Nodulation describes the structure that forms with symbiosis of the bacteria and the roots of the plant. Nodules on Root

7 What Do We Eat? Phaseolus vulgaris, the American beans snap, pole, runner and French, pinto and dry beans. Phaseolus lunatus Lima bean or Butter Bean Archis hypogaea the Peanut Vicia faba - Fava bean Glycine max-soy bean Pisum sativum the English Pea Lens culinaris - Lentil Vigna sp. - So. Pea, adzuki, mung, asparagus bean

8 Beans - the Good and the Bad The Bad Phytohemaglutins Prevent blood clotting Allergic reactions peanuts and fava beans Don t eat large quantities of uncooked beans.

9 Bean Pods: The Perfect Bean- 19 days from flower to harvest.

10 Determinate or Indeterminate Bush Pole

11 Yard Long Types of beans

12 English Peas Snow Peas

13 Southern Peas New Old

14 Southern Peas CRA 14

15 Acid soil and or low temperatures can cause a chlorosis. Seedling Problems

16 Bean Problems Tip rot caused by pods touching the soil A fungal rot on the pods caused by humid conditions CRA U of AR CES 16

17 Insect Problems Aphids Bean Beatles Grasshoppers Weevils

18 The insect thrip causes foliar damage Insect Problems CRA U of AR CES 18

19 Poaceae or Gramineae Grass Family - Corn

20 Corn Cultivated for more than 7000 years First grown in southern Mexico

21 Corn Standard Sweet Corn (Su) 2X sweeter than field corn Super sweet Se will last 4 days or more Sugar Enhanced SU isolate from the above, retains sweetness

22 Corn Wind Pollinated Plant in short rows Heavy feeder

23 Corn

24 Problems

25 The Family Cucurbitacaea the Squash/Gourd Family

26 Cucurbitacaea Family Watermelon Cantaloupe Winter melons Cucumbers Gourds Pumpkins Squash Calabaza Armenian melon Snake cucumber Lemon cucumber Vining Okra Chayote Bitter Melon Cucuzzi Luffa

27 Cucurbit flowers

28 Pollinators in Your Garden CRA U of AR CES 28

29 Hand pollinating

30 Growing Cucurbits Cultural Requirements Light Space Fertility Water CRA U of AR CES 30

31 Cucurbit Family -- Culture Planting -- After Danger of Frost Spacing to 48 by 48 to 96 Hardiness -- Very Tender Annual Fertility -- Medium to Heavy Feeder U of AR CES

32 Cucurbit Family -- Fertilization Lime Soil ph 6 Preplant ½ Cup of per 10 feet row Use Transplant Starter Solution Medium to Heavy Feeder CRA U of AR CES 32

33 Fruit Growth The mature fruit inhibits the growth of the young developing fruit.

34 Benefit of Mulches Mulches are effective for all cucurbits. Controls water loss Controls weeds Promotes faster growth Helps to control diseases

35 Effect of Mulch and Temperature Plastic Mulch Bare Soil

36 A Mature Melon

37 Melon Fruit Canteloupe Honeydew CRA U of AR CES 37

38 Summer Squash Types Scallop or Patty Pan Cousa Yellow & Green Zucchini Yellow crookneck

39 Summer Squash

40 Summer Squash -- Culture Planting -- After Danger of Frost»Soil Temperature Above 60deg F. Spacing to36 by 48 to 60 Hardiness -- Very Tender Annual Fertility -- Medium to Heavy Feeder

41 Winter Squash Types Acorn Butternut Buttercup Hubbard Spaghetti Cushaw Buttercup CRA U of AR CES 41

42 Winter Squash butternut Spaghetti CRA U of AR CES 42

43 Pumpkins Big and Small

44 Squash vine borer Problems

45 Fruit and Foliar Diseases Belly Rot of Fruit Anthracnose CRA U of AR CES 45

46 Problems Fruit rot anthracnose

47 The Solanaceae / Nightshade Family Eggplant

48 eggplants

49 Eggplants

50 Flea beetle damage

51 Solanaceae - Peppers

52 Peppers

53 Pepper Transplants

54 Look at the top of the plant.

55 Support the Plants CRA U of AR CES 55

56 Pepper Types Sweet Peppers Bell Pimento Italian Ramshorn Banana Cubanelle Hot Peppers Jalapeno Ancho Chili Anaheim Serrano Cayenne Habenero CRA U of AR CES 56

57 Malvaceae Hibiscus Okra Cotton CRA U of AR CES 57

58

59 Young Seedling CRA U of AR CES 59

60 Flower CRA U of AR CES 60

61 Developing Pods CRA U of AR CES 61

62 Field Ready to Pick CRA U of AR CES 62

63 Grading Okra CRA U of AR CES 63

64 Convulvulaceae Morning-glory family

65 Sweet Potato History Native of Brazil Vegetatively Propagated

66 Shoots (Slips) Growing From a Root

67 Roots Ready to Dig

68 Curing and Storing degrees for 7-10 days with high humidity Store in a cool spot degrees