UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA COOPERATIVE EXTENSION TREE TOPICS

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1 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA COOPERATIVE EXTENSION TREE TOPICS INFORMATION FOR TREE FRUIT AND NUT GROWERS IN CALIFORNIA S CENTRAL COAST REGION FEBRUARY 5, 2010 VOLUME 35, ISSUE 1_ IN THIS ISSUE: 2010 SPOTTED WING DROSOPHILA RECOMMENDATIONS FRUIT INSTITUTE MEETING NOTICE WALNUT INSTITUTE MEETING NOTICE SPOTTED WING DROSOPHILA MEETING NOTICE 2010 Spotted Wing Drosophila Recommendations for Sweet Cherry By Robert A. Van Steenwyk Dept. of E.S.P.M., University of California, Berkeley These recommendations are derived from translated Japanese research articles on spotted wing drosophila (SWD), preliminary trapping data from Janet Caprile (UCCE Farm Advisor Contra Costa County) and Bill Coates (UCCE Farm Advisor- San Benito County), insecticide efficacy data from Mark Bolda (UCCE Farm Advisor - Santa Cruz) and fruit maturity susceptibility data from Jana Lee (USDA Corvallis, OR). Control procedures are conservative due to the lack of insecticide efficacy data on California cherries and damage experience by cherry growers this past season. These are our best guesses with limited data and we expect the recommendations to change over time. Monitoring: Place a commercial bucket style trap or a 1 qt. plastic container with screen (3/16 inch holes hardware cloth) on the top and bait the trap with 1 inch of apple cider vinegar. The 3/16 inch holes will limit the number of large moths, flies and bees captured in the traps. The plastic containers are about 50 each and apple cider vinegar is about $3.00/gal from Smart & Final. Replace the vinegar weekly (remove spent bait from the orchard do not dump the spent bait on the ground in the orchard). Place trap about 3-5 ft. off the orchard floor and monitor twice weekly from first color change (light green to straw) until completion of harvest. Count only flies with spots on the tip of the wings (male SWD). OptiVISOR (optical glass binocular magnifier) will aid in the identification of flies. If any SWD are found in the traps, take control action immediately (see insecticide control below). Generation time: One generation requires 338 DD with a lower threshold limit of 48 F. The table below shows the approximate generation times throughout the spring and summer in the northern San Joaquin Valley (Linden) and the central coast (Hollister). These generation times are based on 30-year average temperatures from the UC IPM weather network and will vary depending on current temperatures.

2 Approximate generation time for SWD by date infestation and location Number of days until adult emergence Infestation date (egg laying) San Joaquin Valley (Linden) Central Coast (Hollister) April 1 28 days 34 days May 1 20 days 29 days June 1 15 days 22 days July 1 13 days 18 days Cultural Control: If conventional insecticide treatments are not an option (organic growers), and if fruit from pollinizer varieties matures earlier than the main variety and the pollinizer fruit will not to be picked and sold, then pick and remove pollinizer fruit at least one week before harvest of the main variety. This will prevent the SWD from emerging from the pollinizer fruit during the main variety harvest. Fruit removal is a critical control step for organic growers because of the lack of known effective organic insecticides. Conventional growers can suppress SWD on pollinizer fruit by insecticide applications (below). Chemical Control: Begin applications when the pollinizer or the earliest variety in the orchard, changes color from pink to red. Repeat applications at 7 to 10 day intervals until harvest with one of the materials listed below. From Jana Lee and from Japanese literature it appears that the SWD will infest ripe cherries of red to mahogany color. Also, from the Japanese literature it appears that 3 or 4 applications are required to control the pest and that the organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides are effective for one to possibly two weeks. Observe all pre-harvest intervals (PHI) and re-entry interval (REI) periods and rotate between materials of different chemical classes between applications to slow the development of resistance. At this point in time, we are recommending adding Nu-Lure bait at 3 pt/100 gal with a final spray volume of 50 gal/ac. Do not include surfactant with Nu-Lure. Nu-Lure should be removed during postharvest washing.

3 Trade Common Chemical Name Name Class a PHI REI Rating b GF-120 c Spinosad SPIN 0 days 0 hr 4 Malathion Malathion OP 3 days 12 hr 1 Ambush/ Permethrin PYR 3 days 12 hr 2 Pounce Renounce/ Cyfluthrin PYR 7 days 12 hr 1 Tombstone Baythroid Beta-Cyfluthrin PYR 7 days 12 hr 1 Provado Imidacloprid NEONIC 7 days 12 hr 3 Leverage Beta-Cyfluthrin PYR + 7 days 12 hr 1 (Baythroid + Imidacloprid NEONIC Provado) Entrust/ Spinosad SPIN 7 days 4 hr 3 Success Delegate d Spinetoram SPIN 7 days 4 hr 1 Actara Thiomethoxam NEONIC 14 days 12 hr 3 Asana Esfenvalerate PYR 14 days 12 hr 2 Warrior II Lambda- PYR 14 Days 12 hr 2 Cyhalothrin a The chemical classes are: SPIN is spinosyns, OP is organophosphates, PYR is pyrethroids, NEONIC is neonicotinoids. b The rating scale is: 1= control for 7 to 14 days, 2 = control for 3 to 7 days, 3 = control for 1 to 3 days, and 4 = control for only 1 day. c GF-120 is slow acting and does not have knock-down activity but will suppress population over time. d There is no MRL established for Delegate in Japan, Korea or Taiwan. Please consult your packer/shipper for export implications.

4 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA COOPERATIVE EXTENSION CENTRAL COAST COUNTIES FRUIT INSTITUTE FOR APRICOT AND CHERRY GROWERS THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 11, :00 A.M. 12 NOON VETERANS MEMORIAL BUILDING 649 SAN BENITO STREET, HOLLISTER 9:00 CHECK-IN AND INTRODUCTIONS 9:15 PESTICIDE REGULATIONS Agricultural Commissioner s Office, San Benito County 9:45 SPOTTED WING DROSOPHILA A NEW PEST OF STONE FRUITS AND BERRIES Bill Coates, UC Cooperative Extension Farm Advisor, Fruit and Nut Crops, San Benito, Santa Cruz, Santa Clara and Monterey Counties 10:15 BREAK 10:30 NEW CHERRY AND APRICOT YEAR-ROUND IPM PROGRAMS, PEST MANAGEMENT GUIDELINES, AND EFFICACY AND TIMING OF FUNGICIDES PUBLICATION Bill Coates 11:00 LIMB DIEBACK DISEASES OF APRICOT AND CHERRY TREES Dr. Doug Gubler, Department of Plant Pathology, UC Davis 11:30 GLYPHOSATE THE WORLD S HERBICIDE: PROS AND CONS FOR ORCHARD WEED MANAGEMENT Bradley Hanson, Department of Plant Sciences, UC Davis CONTINUING EDUCATION CREDIT APPLIED FOR WITH THE CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF PESTICIDE REGULATION. ALL DAY PARKING IS AVAILABLE ON EAST STREET BEHIND THE VETERANS BUILDING AND ON THE VET S BUILDING SIDE OF 7 TH STREET. MOST OTHER PARKING IS A ONE OR TWO HOUR LIMIT. PARKING REGULATIONS ARE NOW BEING ENFORCED. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CALL BILL COATES AT OR FAX AT OR AT bwwcoates@ucdavis.edu.

5 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA COOPERATIVE EXTENSION CENTRAL COAST COUNTIES WALNUT INSTITUTE THURSDAY, MARCH 4, :00 A.M. 12 NOON 649 SAN BENITO STREET VETERANS MEMORIAL BUILDING HOLLISTER, CA 8:00 REGISTRATION, INTRODUCTIONS 8:15 CALIFORNIA PESTICIDE LAWS AND REGULATIONS UPDATE San Benito County Agricultural Commissioner s Office 8:45 WALNUT HUSK FLY MANAGEMENT AND IMPACTS ON NUT QUALITY Bill Coates, UC Cooperative Extension County Director/Farm Advisor, San Benito, Santa Cruz, Santa Clara and Monterey Counties 9:15 WALNUT VARIETY UPDATE AND BLACKLINE RESISTANCE Bill Coates, UC Cooperative Extension County Director/Farm Advisor 9:45 BREAK 10:00 MANAGING WALNUT BLIGHT Rick Buchner, UC Cooperative Extension County Director/Farm Advisor, Tehama County 10:30 WALNUT RESEARCH UPDATE Bruce Lampinen, Department of Plant Science, UC Davis 11:00 EFFECTIVE USE OF RETAIN AND ETHEPHON IN WALNUT ORCHARDS Bob Beede, UC Cooperative Extension Farm Advisor, Kings County 11:30 CALIFORNIA WALNUT BOARD / WALNUT COMMISSION ACTIVITIES California Walnut Board / California Walnut Commission CONTINUING EDUCATION CREDIT APPLIED FOR WITH THE CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF PESTICIDE REGULATION. Enter building from the main (west) entrance facing San Benito Street. For further information contact Bill Coates at , FAX at or at bwwcoates@ucdavis.edu. PARKING RESTRICTIONS ARE NOW BEING ENFORCED BY THE CITY OF HOLLISTER PARK IN AN ALL DAY SPOT OR MOVE YOUR CAR AT BREAK TIME.

6 Spotted-Wing Drosophila Drosophila suzukii (Formerly known as Cherry Vinegar Fly) Thursday, February 25, :00 am - 12:15 pm San Martin Lions Club Murphy Avenue San Martin 9:00 a.m. Coffee and Registration 9:30-9:45 Welcome and Introduction Kevin O Day, Acting Santa Clara County Agricultural Commissioner 9:45 10:30 Central Coast Cherry Experiences and Trap Comparisons Bill Coates, Farm Advisor, Tree Fruits and Nuts, San Benito, Santa Cruz, Santa Clara and Monterey Counties 10:30 11:00 Spotted-Wing Drosophila Trapping and Lures Janet Caprile, Farm Advisor, Tree Fruits and Nuts, Contra Costa County 11:00 11:15 BREAK -- Thank you to Crop Production Services in Hollister for supplying the food and beverages! 11:15 11:45 A Local Grower s Account of Spotted-Wing Drosophila Andy Mariani, Andy s Orchard Morgan Hill 11:45 12:15 Spotted-Wing Drosophila Biology and Research in Progress Dr. Robert Van Steenwyk, Entomologist, Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, UC Berkeley Please call the Santa Clara County Division of Agriculture to reserve your seat. (408) Units of Continuing Education for Certified Private Applicators, QAL, QAC, and PCA Licensees (2 hours of Other ) Sponsored by: Monterey County Agricultural Commissioner San Benito County Agricultural Commissioner Santa Clara County Agricultural Commissioner Santa Cruz County Agricultural Commissioner UC Cooperative Extension

7 William (Bill) W. Coates Acting County Director Univ. of Calif. Cooperative Extension Farm Advisor, Fruit and Nut Crops 649 San Benito Street, Suite 115 San Benito, Santa Cruz, Santa Clara Hollister, CA and Monterey Counties (DO NOT USE ABOVE ADDRESS FOR MAIL) (831) phone Mail: P.O. Box 1956 (831) FAX Hollister, CA web: For those without Internet access, call or write to me and I will provide hard copies of any information mentioned above. Reference to commercial products or trade names is with the understanding that no discrimination is intended, and no endorsement by Cooperative Extension is implied. The University of California prohibits discrimination or harassment of any person on the basis of race, color, national origin, religion, sex, gender identity, pregnancy (including childbirth, and medical conditions related to pregnancy or childbirth), physical or mental disability, medical condition (cancer-related or genetic characteristics), ancestry, marital status, age, sexual orientation, citizenship, or status as a covered veteran (covered veterans are special disabled veterans, recently separated veterans, Vietnam era veterans, or any other veterans who served on active duty during a war or in a campaign or expedition for which a campaign badge has been authorized) in any of its programs or activities. University policy is intended to be consistent with the provisions of applicable State and Federal laws. Inquiries regarding the University's nondiscrimination policies may be directed to the Affirmative Action/Staff Personnel Services Equal Opportunity Director, University of California, Agriculture and Natural Resources, 1111 Franklin Street, 6th Floor, Oakland, CA , (510) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AND SAN BENITO COUNTY COOPERATING

8 TREE TOPICS NEWSLETTER FEBRUARY 5, 2010

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