Growing Bananas in Florida

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1 Bananas

2 Bananas 101 Banana plant is an herb not a tree Bananas do not need any pollina3on Bananas are easy to grow sun, water, food Around 1000 varie3es of edible bananas

3 Growing Bananas in Florida

4 Bananas a>er a freeze

5 Recovery 6 Months Later

6 The Maqueno Bananas in Ecuador

7 Mul3- Use Plant Flowers/nectar source

8

9 Flowers

10 Landscaping Diamond Landscaping Palm Beach, FL

11 Fiber and Leaves Fibers are used to make furniture and baskets. Leaves were used in Ecuador as plates and for wrapping up food for cooking.

12 Fruit

13 Using Fruit

14 Best Cultural Prac3ces Sun full or at least ½ day sun. Min. 50% Variegated varie3es prefer more shade. Soil rich, well drained with lots of organic mauer. Thick layer of mulch spread as far as possible. Banana roots tend to stay near the surface and can travel 10s of feet. Water more water in warm months, but never standing water

15 Nutrients Fer-lizer Lots of organic material. Can add small amounts of ash or biochar. If not growing organically, use high potassium fer3lizer 4-6 3mes during growing season. Nutri3onal sprays Bananas remove 10 3mes more potassium from the soil at harvest compared to mangos. Even without care, you should s3ll have fruit. Greater care when the plant is young, will lead to increased fruit yield.

16 Grove Maintenance If leaf is brown or diseased, cut it off. Cut down plants a>er they fruit

17 Removing Rot

18 Fungus Remove leaves at first sign of fungus and throw away do not use as mulch

19 Other pests/diseases Corm borers/weevils Nematodes Panama Disease Moko Disease Viruses (Banana Leaf Streak Virus:mealy bugs, Cucumber Mosaic Virus: aphids)

20 When will it fruit? Pseudostem width Plant Height Flag Leaf

21 Flower Structure/Fruit Female flower with ovaries Maturing hands of female ovaries with remnants of perianth at 3ps Hermaphrodi3c flowers Sterile Male Flowers Bunch or raceme Terminal male bud Composed of bracts

22 Removing male flower

23 Male Flowers

24 Props

25 Prop or leave on ground?

26 Harves3ng Fruit

27 Propaga3on Removal of Pups Tissue Culture

28 Sword shoots vs Water shoots

29 Propaga3ng by removal of pups Leave one sword shoot every 3-6 months for con3nued produc3on of the banana mat Remove sword shoots by cueng as close to the mother plant as possible, then dig down on one side of the shoot and pop the new plant out. Pups with few or no roots will rot if poued up and over watered. Watch for signs of rot and remove and adjust watering as needed.

30 Tools

31 Don t Spread Pests or Disease! Do not import bananas from Hawaii or from other countries Clean corms Grow new pups in pots Sterilize tools!!

32 Tissue Culture

33 Musa acuminata Sweet (wild, diploid, seeded, fer3le) AA Musa acuminata Edible diploid AA Taxonomy/Grouping Musa acuminata x balbisiana (edible, diploid AB) (edible triploids AAB and ABB) Musa balbisiana Starchy (wild, diploid seeded, fer3le) BB Musa acuminata Edible triploid AAA Tetraploids mostly developed by breeders AAAA, AAAB, AABB, ABBB Taxonomic Scorecard for Banana Characteris3cs (great for knowing iden3fying characteris3cs to help ID unknown banana cul3vars) hup://

34 FHIA1 Goldfinger AAAB/hybrid Some newer 3ssue cultured plants being sold as Goldfinger in our area do not have the same characteris3cs. Fruits around 11 high Has large, heart shaped terminal male bud Reported not to turn brown when cut USDA- ARS - TARS

35 FHIA2 Mona Lisa AAAA/hybrid Dessert Banana Manageable frui3ng height Resistant to fungus Can be slower to fruit USDA- ARS - TARS

36 FHIA3 Sweetheart AAAB/hybrid Perfect all around banana for ea3ng out of hand or cooking Manageable frui3ng height Great disease resistance Quick to fruit and thrives in our area

37 Raja Puri ABB/Pome Short, wind resistant, prolific, nice landscaping Poor resistance to fungus Some 3ssue cultured plants being sold as Raja Puri in our area are not Raja Puri

38 Very tasty and produc3ve banana Mysore AAB/Mysore Fruits around 12 Many carry the banana leaf streak virus which is carried in the DNA and can be present even in 3ssue cultured plants

39 Blue/Grey fruit before ripe Best when eaten just as they turn yellow Fruits around 12 White, fluffy texture Ice Cream Blue Java ABB/Ney Mannan

40 O>en sold as Ice Cream Great tas3ng, small banana Plants can be tall, even from plants purchased as dwarf namwa Very prolific Namwa ABB/Pisang Awak

41 Round, bite size Pitogo ABB Needs more nutrients Slow to fruit Fruits around 10

42 Can take 24 months to fruit Fruits around 7-8 Great dessert banana Pups and 3ssue cultures can sport with green fruit Dwarf Red AAA/Red

43 Red Kru Beau3ful red psuedostem Can be challenging to grow Can be cold sensi3ve Well drained soil to start pups Fruits around 12

44 Ele Ele AAB/Maoli Hawaiian Banana Pseudostem black color increases with shade Fruits around 12 Delicious bananas cooked or eaten out of hand when very ripe

45 Hua Moa AAB/Maoli- Popoulu Needs more nutrients Delicious cooked Suscep3ble to borers and fungus Fruits around 12

46 Fruits around 12 Great tas3ng some report hints of vanilla flavor Praying Hands ABB/Saba

47 Saba ABB/Saba The Sequoia of bananas Great tas3ng plantain Can be eaten out of hand when ripe Fruits around Chris Knight

48 Dwarf Orinoco ABB/Bluggoe Very produc3ve Bananas can be cooked green or yellow Bananas can be eaten out of hand when ripe Large, dark green leaves Dwarf plant

49 Variegated Bananas Ae Ae (Manini) Variegated Namwa Require more shade and added acidity Pups can some3mes be all green or all white

50 True Plantains AAB French, French Horn, False Horn, & Horn Plantains For Cooking Very Disease Resistant French Red Plantain (USDA- ARS - TARS) Rhino Horn Plantain (USDA- ARS - TARS)

51 ProMusa

52 Honduran Founda3on for Agricultural Research

53 Haifa Nutri3onal Deficiency Info

54 Banana Forum

55 Catalog of Musa Accessions

56

Family: Musaceae. Species: M. acuminata M. balbisiana

Family: Musaceae. Species: M. acuminata M. balbisiana Family: Musaceae Genus: Musa Species: M. acuminata M. balbisiana Major species of economic importance Musa acuminata (A genome) Musa balbisiana ( genome) Ploidy levels of commercial bananas Diploid, AA

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