CYPERACEAE SEDGE FAMILY

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "CYPERACEAE SEDGE FAMILY"

Transcription

1 CYPERACEAE SEDGE FAMILY Plant: annual or more commonly perennial Stem: stem (solid) is termed a culm, simple, mostly erect, often angled (mostly triangular) but some round or angled; some with rhizomes or stolons Root: fibrous Leaves: mostly linear, alternate, parallel veins, often in 3 ranks (vertical rows), leaf sheath usually closed, leaf blade flat, folded, round or absent; a ligule is often present Flowers: small, 2-ranked or spiraled on a spike stalk in 1 or more spikelets in simple to complex inflorescences, each flower in axil of a scale, the inflorescence itself may be subtended by a leaf-like and sometimes showy bracts; perianth usually represented by 1-6 bristles, scales or are absent; perfect or imperfect (monoecious); 3 (1-6) stamens; 1 pistil, 1 style, ovary superior, 2-3 carpels, 1-chambered ovary Fruit: achene (lens-shaped to triangular in cross-section, achene enclosed in a sac perigynium in the Carex genus) Other: often occurring in bogs, swamps, or meadows along streams, but also in dry areas and forests; Monocotyledons Group Genera: 100+ genera; locally many genera WARNING family descriptions are only a layman s guide and should not be used as definitive 2 slides per species

2 CYPERACEAE CYPERUS GENUS (SPECIES A Z) Globe Flatsedge; Cyperus echinatus (L.) Alph. Wood Yellow Nutsedge; Cyperus esculentus L. Yellow Flat Sedge; Cyperus flavescens L. Ricefield Flatsedge; Cyperus iria L. (Introduced) Marsh Flat Sedge; Cyperus pseudovegetus Steud. Reflexed Flat-Sedge; Cyperus refractus Engelm. ex Boeckeler Strawcolored Flatsedge; Cyperus strigosus L.

3 Globe Flatsedge p1 Cyperus echinatus (L.) Alph. Wood Cyperaceae (Sedge Family) Wire Road Conservation Area, Stone County, Missouri Notes: tall (to 1 m+); culm triangular, smooth; roots fibrous with thick rhizomes; leaves flat to V shaped, up to 1 mm wide and 65 cm in length; inflorescence composed of 1 to 2 globose sessile spikes and 3 to 12 globose spikes on rays of various lengths, subtended by 4 to 7 bracts, spikes dense with up to 100+ (3 to 8 mm in length) spikelets; spikelets with 1 to 3 fertile florets, 3 stigmas and 3 stamens (see photos on p2); a common sedge found in many upland and disturbed habitats; summer to early fall USDA Leaves Bracts

4 Globe Flatsedge p2 Cyperus echinatus (L.) Alph. Spikelet with 3 fertile florets (varies from 1 to 3), note the 3 to 5 scales at base Globose spikes 1 to 2 sessile and 3 to 12 on rays subtended by bracts Spikelet with 2 florets, opened to expose achenes (3 stigmas) Achene 3-sided Spikes densely packed with up to 100+ spikelets Scales

5 USDA Yellow Nutsedge p1 Cyperus esculentus L. Cyperaceae (Sedge Family) Wire Road Conservation Area, Stone County, Missouri Notes: tall (to 1 m but usually less); culm triangular, smooth; roots fibrous with rhizomes (tubers present); leaves flat to somewhat V shaped, up to 1 cm wide and 60+ cm in length; inflorescence composed of compound umbels of up to 10 rays to 7 cm, subtended by 3 to 7+ bracts, spikes to 3 cm long with up to 50 spikelets (usually no more than 20); spikelets with many florets (up to 30+), 3 stigmas and 3 stamens; a sedge found in many moist habitats including disturbed areas; summer to early fall Some thin rhizomes with small tubers

6 Yellow Nutsedge p2 Cyperus esculentus L. Spikelet is 15 mm long, florets in this sample (8-35+ florets possible) achene Inflorescence axis winged Scales at base Scales yellowbrown 3 styles 8-50 spikelets per spike

7 USDA Yellow Flat Sedge - p1 Cyperus flavescens L. Cyperaceae (Sedge Family) Lake Springfield, Greene County, Missouri Notes: plant annyual, short (to 35+ cm); culm triangular, smooth, no rhizomes; roots fibrous; leaves often V shaped, may be absent to 5 may be present, lower culm sheaths purplish; inflorescence of umbel-like spikes with 1 to 6+ rays; spikes to 1.8 cm, up to 40 or so florets; scales flattened see photos on p2 for description of scales and achenes; found in many moist habitats including margins of ponds and lakes and marshy areas; summer to fall [V Max Brown, 2015]

8 Yellow Flat Sedge p2 Cyperus flavescens L. Inflorescence 1 to 5 or so umbel-like spikes, simple or compound Scales 1.2 to 2.5 mm, strongly flattened and overlapping, pointed, edges almost translucent to yellowish, midrib green, 1 to 3 nerves Spikelets 1 to 6+ (clusters), up to 1.8 cm long, up to 40 or so florets, overlapping and strongly flattened Achenes to 1.2 mm, here about 1 mm tall, usually black to dark reddish- brown, obovate, with crosswrinkles and faint vertical lines or may be mostly smooth, 2 stigmas, 2 stamens stamens

9 Ricefield Flat Sedge p1 Cyperus iria L. (Introduced) Cyperaceae (Sedge Family) Near Heber Springs, Cleburne County, Arkansas Notes: medium height (to 60+ cm); culm triangular, smooth; roots fibrous with short rhizomes, perennial; leaves V shaped, up to 6+ mm wide and cm in length; inflorescence composed spikes (sessile and 6 to 8 rays up to 10+ cm); spikes composed of flattened spikelets to 14 mm, each spikelet may contain 8 to 20+ florets, floral scales to 1.7 mm see photos on p2; inflorescence subtended by 3 to 7+ ascending bracts that are mostly longer than the umbel rays; crop fields and disturbed areas mostly; summer to fall Leaves Bracts

10 Ricefield Flat Sedge p2 Cyperus iria L. (Introduced) Achene is trigonal in cx and finely dimpled (puncticulate) on surface Mucro on floral scale Floral scale is 1.3 mm in this sample Floral scale is brownish with clear edges and green median, faint ribs observable This Spikelet is 7 mm long and 2 mm wide

11 Marsh Flat Sedge p1 Cyperus pseudovegetus Steud. Cyperaceae (Sedge Family) Near Heber Springs, Cleburne County, Arkansas Notes: tall (to 80+ cm); culm triangular, smooth; roots fibrous with short rhizomes, perennial; leaves V shaped, up to 7+ mm wide and 60 cm in length; inflorescence composed spikes (sessile and on 6 to 10 rays), may be single or clusters of spikes; spikes composed of flattened spikelets in compact heads; each spikelet may contain 10 to 16+ floral scales with achenes see photos on p2; inflorescence subtended by 4 to 8+ bracts that are mostly longer than the umbel rays; found in many habitats but usually likes damp areas; summer to fall ~ 10 mm

12 Marsh Flat Sedge p2 Cyperus pseudovegetus Steud. Mature achene, here about 1.4 mm Inflorescence of clustered spikes (some sessile, others on rays of umbel) composed of flattened layers of spikelets, vary from 7 to 15+ mm or larger Flattened floral scale (2 keeled at base) with achene inside, 1 stamen Clustered Spikes somewhat crushed ~ 2.0 mm in this sample Achene 3-sided and dimpled, 3 styles spikelet

13 Reflexed Flat Sedge p1 Cyperus refractus Engelm. ex Boeckeler Cyperaceae (Sedge Family) Below Dam at Greers Ferry Lake, Cleburne County, Arkansas Notes: perennial, tall plant (to 1+ m but often less); culm strongly USDA triangular, smooth, bases corm-like, rhizomes; roots fibrous; leaves to 10 mm wide, variously shaped, up to 70 cm long; inflorescence composed of umbels, sessile and up to 10 rays, spikes up to 6 cm in length, ellipsoid subtended by 3 to 6 bracts; spikelets with 3-10 florets, 3 stigmas (see photos on p2 for most details); river banks, gravel bars, lowland forests, prairies, etc.; summer to fall [V Max Brown, 2015] Leaves

14 Reflexed Flat Sedge p2 Cyperus refractus Engelm. ex Boeckeler [V Max Brown, 2015] Inflorescence of ellipsoid spikes up to 6 cm, rachis visible Scales here 5+ mm (varies from 3-6 mm), little overlap of scales on same side of spikelet, spikelet mostly terete Achene here 3 mm (varies from 2.5 to 3+ mm), yellowish brown to purplish, trigonous in CX, elongate and finely pebbled, 3 styles Spikelets linear, 13 to 20+ mm, mostly terete in CX Winged rachis

15 Strawcolored Flat Sedge p1 Cyperus strigosus L. Cyperaceae (Sedge Family) Near Heber Springs, Cleburne county, Arkansas Notes: perennial, tall plant (to 1+ m but often less); culm strongly triangular, smooth, bases swollen; rhizomes or not; roots fibrous; leaves to 8-10 mm wide, variously shaped; USDA inflorescence composed of umbels, sessile and up to 10 rays (may branch), spikes up to 3 cm in length, ellipsoid; spikelets with 3-11 florets, 3 stigmas (see photos on p2 for more details); river banks, gravel bars, lowland forests, ditches, many other damp habitats; summer to fall (this is a common and highly variable species) [V Max Brown, 2015]

16 Strawcolored Flat Sedge p2 Cyperus strigosus L [V Max Brown, 2015] Inflorescence compound umbels, 1+ sessile and 3 to 11+ rays with spikes (some rays may be compound or not) Mature spikelet and achene 4 mm Spikelets here about 10 mm in length (varies from small to large (3-4 to 30 mm), flattened, 3 to 11 scales which vary from 3 to 5 mm in length, ribbed Achene 3 styles, 1.5 to 2.5 mm, narrowly oblong, 3-angled or not, pebbled surface (achene here immature, usually reddish)

POACEAE [GRAMINEAE] GRASS FAMILY

POACEAE [GRAMINEAE] GRASS FAMILY Plant: annuals or perennials POACEAE [GRAMINEAE] GRASS FAMILY Stem: jointed stem is termed a culm internodial stem most often hollow but always solid at node, mostly round, some with stolons (creeping

More information

IRIDACEAE IRIS FAMILY

IRIDACEAE IRIS FAMILY IRIDACEAE IRIS FAMILY Plant: herbs, perennial; can be shrub-like elsewhere Stem: Root: growing from rhizomes, bulbs, or corms Leaves: simple, alternate or mostly basal (sheaths open or closed), most grass

More information

COMMELINACEAE SPIDERWORT FAMILY

COMMELINACEAE SPIDERWORT FAMILY COMMELINACEAE SPIDERWORT FAMILY Plant: herbs Stem: leafy, sometimes with swollen nodes Root: Leaves: simple, alternate, base forming closed tubular sheath around stem, parallel veined, somewhat fleshy

More information

Identification of Sedge and Sedge-Like Weeds in Florida Citrus 1

Identification of Sedge and Sedge-Like Weeds in Florida Citrus 1 HS962 Identification of Sedge and Sedge-Like Weeds in Florida Citrus 1 Stephen H. Futch and David W. Hall 2 Sedges are annual or mostly perennial grass-like plants with aerial flower-bearing stems. In

More information

CORNACEAE DOGWOOD FAMILY

CORNACEAE DOGWOOD FAMILY CORNACEAE DOGWOOD FAMILY Plant: shrubs and small trees (possibly herbs elsewhere) Stem: twigs with white or brown pith Root: Leaves: mostly deciduous but some evergreen; mostly not toothed but may be wavy,

More information

Common Name: RADFORD S SEDGE. Scientific Name: Carex radfordii L.L. Gaddy. Other Commonly Used Names: none. Previously Used Scientific Names: none

Common Name: RADFORD S SEDGE. Scientific Name: Carex radfordii L.L. Gaddy. Other Commonly Used Names: none. Previously Used Scientific Names: none Common Name: RADFORD S SEDGE Scientific Name: Carex radfordii L.L. Gaddy Other Commonly Used Names: none Previously Used Scientific Names: none Family: Cyperaceae (sedge) Rarity Ranks: G2/S1? State Legal

More information

OLEACEAE OLIVE FAMILY

OLEACEAE OLIVE FAMILY OLEACEAE OLIVE FAMILY Plant: woody vines, shrubs and trees Stem: Root: Leaves: mostly deciduous, some evergreen; simple or pinnately compound, opposite or rarely alternate; no stipules or rare Flowers:

More information

GRASSES, SEDGES AND RUSHES: An Introduction. Erick Revuelta SJRWMD

GRASSES, SEDGES AND RUSHES: An Introduction. Erick Revuelta SJRWMD GRASSES, SEDGES AND RUSHES: An Introduction Erick Revuelta SJRWMD Graminoids Includes the grass and grass-like plants: Poaceae (Grasses) Juncaceae (Rushes) Cyperaceae (Sedges) Herbaceous plants with long,

More information

Crop Identification - Alfalfa Deep taproot and welldeveloped

Crop Identification - Alfalfa Deep taproot and welldeveloped Crop Identification - Alfalfa Deep taproot and welldeveloped crown Much branched stems up to 3 feet tall 3 leaflets in a pinnately compound leaf, pubescent, with serrations on outer l/3 of leaflet Flowers

More information

PORTULACACEAE PURSLANE FAMILY

PORTULACACEAE PURSLANE FAMILY PORTULACACEAE PURSLANE FAMILY Plant: herbs, rarely shrubs Stem: usually fleshy or succulent Root: Leaves: simple, entire, opposite or alternate, or in basal rosettes; stipules mostly absent, may be represented

More information

Alismataceae water-plantain family

Alismataceae water-plantain family Alismataceae water-plantain family Associated with freshwater and wetlands, these herbaceous plants have sagittate or linear leaves. The flowers have showy white petals and six or more stamens. Pistils

More information

CUCURBITACEAE GOURD OR CUCUMBER FAMILY

CUCURBITACEAE GOURD OR CUCUMBER FAMILY CUCURBITACEAE GOURD OR CUCUMBER FAMILY Plant: herbs, climbing vines, rarely shrubs or trees Stem: mostly vines locally, creeping and climbing using coiled tendrils, sometimes angled, sometimes hollow Root:

More information

GUIDE TO THE GENERA OF LIANAS AND CLIMBING PLANTS IN THE NEOTROPICS

GUIDE TO THE GENERA OF LIANAS AND CLIMBING PLANTS IN THE NEOTROPICS GUIDE TO THE GENERA OF LIANAS AND CLIMBING PLANTS IN THE NEOTROPICS CYPERACEAE By Mark T. Strong (25 May 2017) A widely distributed family of herbs primarily found in warm temperate to tropical regions

More information

Řepka R., Veselá P. & Mráček J. (2014): Are there hybrids between Carex flacca and C. tomentosa

Řepka R., Veselá P. & Mráček J. (2014): Are there hybrids between Carex flacca and C. tomentosa Řepka R., Veselá P. & Mráček J. (2014): Are there hybrids between Carex flacca and C. tomentosa in the Czech Republic and Slovakia? Preslia 86: 367 379. Electronic Appendix 1. Comparison of morphological

More information

POLEMONIACEAE PHLOX FAMILY

POLEMONIACEAE PHLOX FAMILY POLEMONIACEAE PHLOX FAMILY Plant: herbs; shrubs or rarely trees or vines Stem: Root: Leaves: simple, mostly entire but some lobed or pinnately/palmately divided; mostly opposite but some alternate or whorled;

More information

CONVOLVULACEAE MORNING-GLORY FAMILY

CONVOLVULACEAE MORNING-GLORY FAMILY CONVOLVULACEAE MORNING-GLORY FAMILY Plant: herbs, vines (most local species), shrubs and trees, some parasitic Stem: juice commonly milky, vines with no tendrils Root: Leaves: simple and alternate, entire

More information

Common Arctic Grasses

Common Arctic Grasses Common Arctic Grasses Poaceae (Graminae) (Grasses): Alopecurus alpinus Arctagrostis latifolia Arctophila fulva Calamagrostis canadensis Deschampsia caespitosa (= D. brevifolius) Dupontia fisheri Festuca

More information

CUPRESSACEAE CYPRESS FAMILY

CUPRESSACEAE CYPRESS FAMILY CUPRESSACEAE CYPRESS FAMILY Plant: shrubs and small to large trees, with resin Stem: woody Root: Leaves: evergreen (some deciduous); opposite or whorled, small, crowded and often overlapping and scale-like

More information

Common Name: AWNED MEADOWBEAUTY. Scientific Name: Rhexia aristosa Britton. Other Commonly Used Names: awnpetal meadowbeauty

Common Name: AWNED MEADOWBEAUTY. Scientific Name: Rhexia aristosa Britton. Other Commonly Used Names: awnpetal meadowbeauty Common Name: AWNED MEADOWBEAUTY Scientific Name: Rhexia aristosa Britton Other Commonly Used Names: awnpetal meadowbeauty Previously Used Scientific Names: none Family: Melastomataceae (meadowbeauty) Rarity

More information

Identification of Grass Weeds in Florida Citrus1

Identification of Grass Weeds in Florida Citrus1 HS955 1 Stephen H. Futch and David W. Hall2 Grass weeds commonly found in citrus can be identified by looking for specific characteristics of the plant. These specific characteristics can include, but

More information

GUIDE TO THE GENERA OF LIANAS AND CLIMBING PLANTS IN THE NEOTROPICS

GUIDE TO THE GENERA OF LIANAS AND CLIMBING PLANTS IN THE NEOTROPICS GUIDE TO THE GENERA OF LIANAS AND CLIMBING PLANTS IN THE NEOTROPICS ALSTROEMERIACEAE By Mark T. Strong (16 Jun 2017) A family of 4 genera and about 200 species that occur in Mexico, Central America, West

More information

Festuca subuliflora Scribn. Crinkle-awned Fescue

Festuca subuliflora Scribn. Crinkle-awned Fescue Festuca subuliflora Scribn. Crinkle-awned Fescue Plant: Festuca subuliflora is a native species that grows 50 100 cm tall. It is a tuft-forming perennial with leaves up to the base of the open, widely

More information

DATA SHEET: TREE ID. Leaf Additional Information Common Name Scientific name Moisture Habitat Preference

DATA SHEET: TREE ID. Leaf Additional Information Common Name Scientific name Moisture Habitat Preference DATA SHEET: TREE ID Name Date Leaf Additional Information Common Name Scientific name Moisture Habitat Preference # Preference 1 Leaves opposite, simple Uplands, valleys 2 Tree has no thorns or thorn-like

More information

Agrostis stolonifera L. Creeping Bentgrass

Agrostis stolonifera L. Creeping Bentgrass Agrostis stolonifera L. Creeping Bentgrass Plant: Agrostis stolonifera is an introduced species that grows to 60 cm tall. It is a perennial with stolons, and a large, open but narrowed flowerhead. Leaves

More information

Exotic Grasses: Identification, Comparison and Treatment 5 Early Detection Rapid Response (EDRR) Species

Exotic Grasses: Identification, Comparison and Treatment 5 Early Detection Rapid Response (EDRR) Species Exotic Grasses: Identification, Comparison and Treatment 5 Early Detection Rapid Response (EDRR) Species Capt. Greg Hendricks USDA-NRCS Retired Florida Master Naturalist Florida Eco Enterprises, LLC Merritt

More information

It s found in all six New England states.

It s found in all six New England states. 1 This plant in the daisy family is considered invasive in some states and can form large infestations. Habitat: Man-made or disturbed habitats, meadows or fields, not wetlands or ponds. The flower head

More information

Seed Structure. Grass Seed. Matured Florets. Flowering Floret 2/7/2008. Collection of cleaned, mature florets. Grass Flower.

Seed Structure. Grass Seed. Matured Florets. Flowering Floret 2/7/2008. Collection of cleaned, mature florets. Grass Flower. Seed Structure Grass Seed Collection of cleaned, mature florets Matured Florets Bluegrass Fescue Ryegrass Bentgrass Flowering Floret Grass Flower Three stamens Each with one anther and one stigma One ovary

More information

Preliminary Soil Seed Bank Study Jessica Hong

Preliminary Soil Seed Bank Study Jessica Hong Preliminary Soil Seed Bank Study Jessica Hong Upland Pine Treatment Seed Bank Study Seed banks can provide information on species composition which can help predict impacts of restoration and disturbance

More information

Arecaceae palm family Washingtonia filifera California fanpalm

Arecaceae palm family Washingtonia filifera California fanpalm Arecaceae palm family Washingtonia filifera California fanpalm Sight ID characteristics Southwestern US Moist soils, streams and narrow mountain canyons; oases Trunk stout, straight, leaves tufted at top,

More information

Heights of Melica species. Tall ( cm) Melica smithii Smith s melic. Centimetres

Heights of Melica species. Tall ( cm) Melica smithii Smith s melic. Centimetres MELICA Oniongrass The name Melica comes directly from the Italian name for a kind of sorghum. The genus Melica resembles Bromus in the overall appearance of the flowerhead, which may vary from a form with

More information

Major Plants of the Great Plains

Major Plants of the Great Plains Major Plants of the Great Plains Amanda Gearhart Amanda Gearhart Mike Haddock Rangelands of the North America Deserts & Semideserts Grassland & Savannas Mediterranean Deserts & Semideserts Rangelands of

More information

Fall Spray Day. Weed Identification

Fall Spray Day. Weed Identification Fall Spray Day Weed Identification Calvin Odero Everglades Research and Education Center Belle Glade December 1, 2010 Outline Weed definition Weed classification Weed identification Grass weed diagnostics

More information

Common Name: PORTER S REED GRASS. Scientific Name: Calamagrostis porteri A. Gray ssp. porteri. Other Commonly Used Names: Porter s reed bent

Common Name: PORTER S REED GRASS. Scientific Name: Calamagrostis porteri A. Gray ssp. porteri. Other Commonly Used Names: Porter s reed bent Common Name: PORTER S REED GRASS Scientific Name: Calamagrostis porteri A. Gray ssp. porteri Other Commonly Used Names: Porter s reed bent Previously Used Scientific Names: Calamagrostis porteri A. Gray

More information

Berberidaceae Barberry Family

Berberidaceae Barberry Family Berberidaceae Barberry Family Mostly Asian in distribution, this family is closely allied with the buttercups. Of the 650 species in 13 genera, NS has only three genera and four species. Page 312 Perfect

More information

Urticaceae nettle family

Urticaceae nettle family Urticaceae nettle family Mostly tropical with nearly about 800species, (sensu stricto according to Zomlefer), only four genera reach Nova Scotia. Known for their stinging hairs, all but one of ours is

More information

Carex kobomugi (Japanese sedge Asiatic sand sedge )

Carex kobomugi (Japanese sedge Asiatic sand sedge ) 1 of 6 9/24/2007 3:33 PM Home Early Detection IPANE Species Data & Maps Volunteers About the Project Related Information Catalog of Species Search Results :: Catalog of Species Search Carex kobomugi (Japanese

More information

Plantaginaceae plantain family

Plantaginaceae plantain family Plantaginaceae plantain family The three genera comprising this herbaceous family, are typified by having simple leaves, either basal or cauline, and oppositely arranged. Their veins are mostly parallel.

More information

FINGER MILLET: Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.

FINGER MILLET: Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn. FINGER MILLET: Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn. 1. Growth habit Recorded 40 days after sowing- Tillering attitude 3 Decumbent 5 Erect 7 Prostrate 2. Plant pigmentation (At flowering) If Present On glumes

More information

Malvaceae mallow family

Malvaceae mallow family Malvaceae mallow family A large family, it includes prized ornamentals such as hibiscus and the textile cotton. Nova Scotia has but two genera of the 75 known. Ours are escaped garden flowers and weedy

More information

Field Guide to Georgia Milkweeds

Field Guide to Georgia Milkweeds Field Guide to Georgia Milkweeds Milkweed photographs on in this guide are courtesy of renowned nature photographers Carol and Hugh Nourse unless otherwise noted. Descriptions of the milkweed were compiled

More information

DOWNLOAD PDF GRASSES IDENTIFICATION GUIDE.

DOWNLOAD PDF GRASSES IDENTIFICATION GUIDE. Chapter 1 : Grasses: An Identification Guide - Google Books Types of grass: In general, cool-season grasses grow in the northern 2/3 of the nation (roughly north of North Carolina, Alabama, Arkansas, and

More information

Unit A: Introduction to Forestry. Lesson 4: Recognizing the Steps to Identifying Tree Species

Unit A: Introduction to Forestry. Lesson 4: Recognizing the Steps to Identifying Tree Species Unit A: Introduction to Forestry Lesson 4: Recognizing the Steps to Identifying Tree Species 1 Terms Angiosperms Dehiscent fruits Dichotomous venation Dioecious Gymnosperms Hardiness Indehiscent fruits

More information

MNPhrag. Minnesota Non-native Phragmites Early Detection Project. Guide to Identifying Native and Non-native Phragmites australis

MNPhrag. Minnesota Non-native Phragmites Early Detection Project. Guide to Identifying Native and Non-native Phragmites australis MNPhrag Minnesota Phragmites Early Detection Project Guide to Identifying and Phragmites australis Dr. Daniel Larkin djlarkin@umn.edu 612-625-6350 Dr. Susan Galatowitsch galat001@umn.edu 612-624-3242 Julia

More information

Forage Plant Pocket Guide

Forage Plant Pocket Guide Jackson Soil and Water Conservation District Forage Plant Pocket Guide 2014 Compiled by Charlie Boyer 2 About this guide: This guide was compiled for the Jackson Soil and Water Conservation District to

More information

Cover photo: The Frenchman River south of the Cypress Hills on the Caton Ranch. Photo credit: Alicia N. Hargrave

Cover photo: The Frenchman River south of the Cypress Hills on the Caton Ranch. Photo credit: Alicia N. Hargrave Cover photo: The Frenchman River south of the Cypress Hills on the Caton Ranch. Photo credit: Alicia N. Hargrave Introduction This field guide is intended for basic plant identification and reviews the

More information

Field Guide to the Identification of Cogongrass. With comparisons to other commonly found grass species in the Southeast

Field Guide to the Identification of Cogongrass. With comparisons to other commonly found grass species in the Southeast Field Guide to the Identification of Cogongrass With comparisons to other commonly found grass species in the Southeast Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) is an aggressive invader of natural and disturbed

More information

ERICACEAE HEATH FAMILY

ERICACEAE HEATH FAMILY ERICACEAE HEATH FAMILY Plant: mostly shrubs, fewer trees, rarely perennial herbs, some epiphytes Stem: Root: Leaves: sometimes evergreen, simple, small (sometimes just scales) and often elliptical in shape,

More information

Fig. 3: Leaves of Corchorus aestuans L.

Fig. 3: Leaves of Corchorus aestuans L. 4.1 Corchorus aestuans L. Synonym : Corchorus acutangulus Lam. Tamil Name : Perumpinnakkukkirai, Punaku, Peratti, kattuttuti Fig. 3: Leaves of Corchorus aestuans L. 4.1.1. Taxonomy Kingdom Subkingdom Super

More information

Common Name: ELLIOTT S CROTON. Scientific Name: Croton elliottii Chapman. Other Commonly Used Names: none. Previously Used Scientific Names: none

Common Name: ELLIOTT S CROTON. Scientific Name: Croton elliottii Chapman. Other Commonly Used Names: none. Previously Used Scientific Names: none Common Name: ELLIOTT S CROTON Scientific Name: Croton elliottii Chapman Other Commonly Used Names: none Previously Used Scientific Names: none Family: Euphorbiaceae (spurge) Rarity Ranks: G2G3/S2S3 State

More information

Weeds of Rice. Broadleaf signalgrass Brachiaria platyphylla

Weeds of Rice. Broadleaf signalgrass Brachiaria platyphylla Barnyardgrass Echinochloa crus-galli Weeds of Rice A warm-season vigorous grass reaching up to 5 feet, barnyardgrass has panicles that may vary from reddish to dark purple. The seed heads contain crowded

More information

Key to the Genera of the Cichorieae Tribe of the Asteraceae Family of the New York New England Region. Introduction

Key to the Genera of the Cichorieae Tribe of the Asteraceae Family of the New York New England Region. Introduction Introduction The Cichorieae Tribe: The Asteraceae family of plants is one of the largest plant families in the world, conservatively estimated to include over 23,000 species, with some estimates as high

More information

CARYOPHYLLACEAE PINK FAMILY

CARYOPHYLLACEAE PINK FAMILY CARYOPHYLLACEAE PINK FAMILY Plant: herbs locally, rarely shrubs Stem: joints or nodes commonly swollen Root: Leaves: simple, entire, mostly opposite or rarely alternate; mostly no stipules Flowers: mostly

More information

BIOL 221 Concepts of Botany (Spring 2008) Topic 13: Angiosperms: Flowers, Inflorescences, and Fruits

BIOL 221 Concepts of Botany (Spring 2008) Topic 13: Angiosperms: Flowers, Inflorescences, and Fruits BIOL 221 Concepts of Botany (Spring 2008) Topic 13: Angiosperms: Flowers, Inflorescences, and Fruits A. Flower and Inflorescence Structure Angiosperms are also known as the Flowering Plants. They have

More information

Common Name: VARIABLE-LEAF INDIAN-PLANTAIN. Scientific Name: Arnoglossum diversifolium (Torrey & Gray) H.E. Robinson. Other Commonly Used Names: none

Common Name: VARIABLE-LEAF INDIAN-PLANTAIN. Scientific Name: Arnoglossum diversifolium (Torrey & Gray) H.E. Robinson. Other Commonly Used Names: none Common Name: VARIABLE-LEAF INDIAN-PLANTAIN Scientific Name: Arnoglossum diversifolium (Torrey & Gray) H.E. Robinson Other Commonly Used Names: none Previously Used Scientific Names: Cacalia diversifolia

More information

TWO NEW SPECIES OF POACEAE FROM INDIA

TWO NEW SPECIES OF POACEAE FROM INDIA REIN W A R D T I A Published by Herbarium Bogoriense LBN, Bogor Vol. 10, 'Part 2, pp. 127 130 (1985) TWO NEW SPECIES OF POACEAE FROM INDIA K. GOPALAKRISHNA BHAT & C. R. NAGENDRAN Department of Botany,

More information

Chapter 23b-Angiosperms. Double Fertilization The ovule is the site of meiosis and ultimately the formation of the seed.

Chapter 23b-Angiosperms. Double Fertilization The ovule is the site of meiosis and ultimately the formation of the seed. Chapter 23b-Angiosperms Double Fertilization The ovule is the site of meiosis and ultimately the formation of the seed. The ovule develops one or more layers of sterile tissue, the integuments along with

More information

Common Name: VIRGINIA SPIRAEA. Scientific Name: Spiraea virginiana Britton. Other Commonly Used Names: Appalachian spiraea

Common Name: VIRGINIA SPIRAEA. Scientific Name: Spiraea virginiana Britton. Other Commonly Used Names: Appalachian spiraea Common Name: VIRGINIA SPIRAEA Scientific Name: Spiraea virginiana Britton Other Commonly Used Names: Appalachian spiraea Previously Used Scientific Names: none Family: Rosaceae (rose) Rarity Ranks: G2/S1

More information

GUIDE TO THE GENERA OF LIANAS AND CLIMBING PLANTS IN THE NEOTROPICS

GUIDE TO THE GENERA OF LIANAS AND CLIMBING PLANTS IN THE NEOTROPICS GUIDE TO THE GENERA OF LIANAS AND CLIMBING PLANTS IN THE NEOTROPICS ANACARDIACEAEAE By Pedro Acevedo-Rodríguez (5 Jun 2017) A predominantly pantropical family, extending to temperate regions, mostly of

More information

RUBIACEAE MADDER OR BEDSTRAW FAMILY

RUBIACEAE MADDER OR BEDSTRAW FAMILY RUBIACEAE MADDER OR BEDSTRAW FAMILY Plant: herbs, woody vines, shrubs, and trees Stem: often with square stems, sometimes bristly Root: Leaves: simple, opposite or whorled, rarely alternate; stipules present

More information

AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA -- U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE ST. PAUL MINNESOTI' 5~

AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA -- U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE ST. PAUL MINNESOTI' 5~ 9/ 75 500 ou M!SC -11/.5 ------- AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA -- U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE ST. PAUL MINNESOTI' 5~ UNJVERs;ry OF ~~It,. ~ ra l A

More information

BIOL 301 Extra Credit Assignment

BIOL 301 Extra Credit Assignment BIOL 301 Extra Credit Assignment Name: Answer the following plant identification 'riddles' based on the species introduced in the course. Please write the common name on the line provided and scientific

More information

The Learning Garden. Bioswale Reference Guide. L a n e Co mmu n i ty Co l l eg e. Table of Contents

The Learning Garden. Bioswale Reference Guide. L a n e Co mmu n i ty Co l l eg e. Table of Contents B IOS WALE REFERENCE GUIDE L a n e Co mmu n i ty Co l l eg e The Learning Garden Bioswale Reference Guide This is a reference guide for The Learning Garden s Bioswale that offers students the opportunities

More information

Coast Live Oak Breaking leaf buds Young leaves Flowers or flower buds Open flowers Pollen release Fruits Ripe fruits Recent fruit drop

Coast Live Oak Breaking leaf buds Young leaves Flowers or flower buds Open flowers Pollen release Fruits Ripe fruits Recent fruit drop Sedgwick Reserve Phenology phenophase descriptions Buckwheat Young leaves Leaves Flowers or flower buds Open flowers Fruits Ripe Fruits Recent fruit drop Coast Live Oak Breaking leaf buds Young leaves

More information

Common plant species of Seattle Parks (winter 2010) BIOL 476 Conservation Biology

Common plant species of Seattle Parks (winter 2010) BIOL 476 Conservation Biology Common plant species of Seattle Parks (winter 2010) by Mitch Piper BIOL 476 Conservation Biology Douglas-Fir- native Up to 70 meters tall; branches spreading and drooping; bark thick, ridged and dark brown.

More information

Arecaceae palm family Washingtonia filifera California fanpalm

Arecaceae palm family Washingtonia filifera California fanpalm Arecaceae palm family Washingtonia filifera California fanpalm Sight ID characteristics Southwestern US Moist soils, streams and narrow mountain canyons; oases Trunk stout, straight, leaves tufted at top,

More information

Flowers of Asteraceae

Flowers of Asteraceae Flowers of Asteraceae The 'flower' that you see is actually a head composed of many small florets. The head (capitulum) is an inflorescence and a number of capitula are often aggregated together to form

More information

Comparison of Four Foxtail Species

Comparison of Four Foxtail Species Comparison of Four Foxtail Species Yellow Foxtail, Setaria pumila Green Foxtail, Setaria italica subsp. viridis Giant Foxtail, Setaria faberi Knotroot Bristle Grass, Setaria parviflora By Jennifer Neudorf

More information

Common Name: BUTTERNUT

Common Name: BUTTERNUT Common Name: BUTTERNUT Scientific Name: Juglans cinerea Linnaeus Other Commonly Used Names: white walnut, oilnut Previously Used Scientific Names: Wallia cinerea (Linnaeus) Alefeld Family: Juglandaceae

More information

Weeds. Wheat and Oat Weed, Insect and Disease Field Guide 5

Weeds.  Wheat and Oat Weed, Insect and Disease Field Guide 5 Weeds www.lsuagcenter.com/wheatoats Wheat and Oat Weed, Insect and Disease Field Guide 5 Weeds 6 Annual bluegrass Latin name: Poa annua General information: Prolific weed with typical emergence from September

More information

Plant Propagation Protocol for Carex tumulicola ESRM 412 Native Plant Production Protocol URL:

Plant Propagation Protocol for Carex tumulicola ESRM 412 Native Plant Production Protocol URL: Plant Propagation Protocol for Carex tumulicola ESRM 412 Native Plant Production Protocol URL: https://courses.washington.edu/esrm412/catu3.pdf Plant Family Scientific Name Common Name Species Scientific

More information

Common Name: TRAILING MEADOWRUE. Scientific Name: Thalictrum debile Buckley. Other Commonly Used Names: southern meadow-rue

Common Name: TRAILING MEADOWRUE. Scientific Name: Thalictrum debile Buckley. Other Commonly Used Names: southern meadow-rue Common Name: TRAILING MEADOWRUE Scientific Name: Thalictrum debile Buckley Other Commonly Used Names: southern meadow-rue Previously Used Scientific Names: Thalictrum arkansanum Boivin, Thalictrum texanum

More information

Common Name: GEORGIA ROCKCRESS. Scientific Name: Arabis georgiana Harper. Other Commonly Used Names: none. Previously Used Scientific Names: none

Common Name: GEORGIA ROCKCRESS. Scientific Name: Arabis georgiana Harper. Other Commonly Used Names: none. Previously Used Scientific Names: none Common Name: GEORGIA ROCKCRESS Scientific Name: Arabis georgiana Harper Other Commonly Used Names: none Previously Used Scientific Names: none Family: Brassicaceae/Cruciferae (mustard) Rarity Ranks: G1/S1

More information

1st Year Garlic Mustard Plants

1st Year Garlic Mustard Plants Top Ten Most Wanted 1. Garlic Mustard 2. Japanese Stiltgrass 3. Mile-a-minute 4. Japanese Honeysuckle 5. English Ivy 6. Oriental Bittersweet 7. Porcelainberry 8. Multiflora Rose 9. Amur (Bush) Honeysuckle

More information

Weedy Grasses Why and how we need to deal with them

Weedy Grasses Why and how we need to deal with them Weedy Grasses Why and how we need to deal with them Sarah Spear Cooke Seattle, Washington www.cookescientific.com Why do we care? Weedy grasses reduce crop yields because they invade pastures and rangeland

More information

ASTERACEAE ASTER FAMILY

ASTERACEAE ASTER FAMILY ASTERACEAE ASTER FAMILY Plant: herbs (annual or perennial), some shrubs, rarely vines or trees. Stem: Root: Often with tubers, rhizomes, stolons, or fleshy roots Leaves: mostly simple, some compound, alternate

More information

Common Name: GEORGIA ALDER. Scientific Name: Alnus maritima (Marshall) Muhlenberg ex Nuttall ssp. georgiensis Schrader & Graves

Common Name: GEORGIA ALDER. Scientific Name: Alnus maritima (Marshall) Muhlenberg ex Nuttall ssp. georgiensis Schrader & Graves Common Name: GEORGIA ALDER Scientific Name: Alnus maritima (Marshall) Muhlenberg ex Nuttall ssp. georgiensis Schrader & Graves Other Commonly Used Names: seaside alder Previously Used Scientific Names:

More information

Phylogeny of Eudicots (or Tricolpates) Eudicots (or Tricolpates)

Phylogeny of Eudicots (or Tricolpates) Eudicots (or Tricolpates) Phylogeny of Eudicots (or Tricolpates) Basal eudicots Ranunculales Proteales Buxales Eudicots (or Tricolpates) Rosids Caryophyllales Asterids After Jansen et al., 2007, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104:

More information

Mid-Atlantic Regional Seed Bank N A T I V E A S H S E E D C O L L E C T I O N P R O T O C O L

Mid-Atlantic Regional Seed Bank N A T I V E A S H S E E D C O L L E C T I O N P R O T O C O L Mid-Atlantic Regional Seed Bank N A T I V E A S H S E E D C O L L E C T I O N P R O T O C O L Collection Strategy and Protocol Protocol Kept separate by mother tree - one bag per tree One standard paper

More information

LAMIACEAE MINT FAMILY

LAMIACEAE MINT FAMILY LAMIACEAE MINT FAMILY Plant: herbs, shrubs and rarely trees; often aromatic from oils Stem: most with square stems (but not definitive for mints) Root: Leaves: simple, sometimes pinnate; mostly opposite

More information

Common Name: ALABAMA WARBONNET. Scientific Name: Jamesianthus alabamensis Blake & Sherff. Other Commonly Used Names: Jamesianthus

Common Name: ALABAMA WARBONNET. Scientific Name: Jamesianthus alabamensis Blake & Sherff. Other Commonly Used Names: Jamesianthus Common Name: ALABAMA WARBONNET Scientific Name: Jamesianthus alabamensis Blake & Sherff Other Commonly Used Names: Jamesianthus Previously Used Scientific Names: none Family: Asteraceae/Compositae (aster)

More information

Phylogeny of Asterids. Asterids

Phylogeny of Asterids. Asterids Phylogeny of Asterids Asterids Cornales Ericales Lamiids Campanulids Cornales Ericales Lamiids: Garryales Gentianales Lamiales Solanales Campanulids: Aquifoliales Apiales Dipsacales Asterales After APG,

More information

Acknowledgments Walt Hartung Conservation Educator Cody Conservation District, Cody, Wyoming

Acknowledgments Walt Hartung Conservation Educator Cody Conservation District, Cody, Wyoming Contents 2 Page Number Table of Contents 2 Introduction 3 Acknowledgments 4 Needleandthread Stipa comata 5-6 Green needlegrass Stipa viridula 7-8 Columbia needlegrass Stipa nelsonii 9-10 Western wheatgrass

More information

Part I: Floral morphology

Part I: Floral morphology OEB 59 Plants and Human Affairs Plant Anatomy Lab 1: Flowers, Fruits and Seeds Objectives of this lab: 1) Explore the structure and function of flowering plant reproductive organs from flower development

More information

No Characters No. of samples Methods Rank or measurement unit Remarks

No Characters No. of samples Methods Rank or measurement unit Remarks Plant Egg plant 445 Primary essential character 1 Size of leaf blade 10 plants Measurement cm (round to the 1st decimal place) Length from leaf base to leaf apex in the largest leaf at the first flowering

More information

DUS TEST REPORT. Oryza sativa L. (RICE) GROUP A LIST NAMES and PHOTOGRAPHY. No. Characteristics Candidate similar 1 Similar 2

DUS TEST REPORT. Oryza sativa L. (RICE) GROUP A LIST NAMES and PHOTOGRAPHY. No. Characteristics Candidate similar 1 Similar 2 DUS TEST REPORT Oryza sativa L. (RICE) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. GROUP A LIST NAMES and PHOTOGRAPHY 15. Characteristics Included in the UPOV Test Guidelines. Name of Variety : No. Characteristics 1 2

More information

CHAPTER 15 GRASSES AND LOWER PLANTS. Natural History Grasses and lower plants

CHAPTER 15 GRASSES AND LOWER PLANTS. Natural History Grasses and lower plants CHAPTER 15 GRASSES AND LOWER PLANTS Western needlegrass Achnatherum (Stipa) occidentale Poaceae This short-lived perennial bunch grass occurs widely throughout the drier western states and provinces, mostly

More information

Other Commonly Used Names: Fremont s virgins-bower, Fremont s clematis, Fremont s curly-heads

Other Commonly Used Names: Fremont s virgins-bower, Fremont s clematis, Fremont s curly-heads Common Name: FREMONT S LEATHER FLOWER Scientific Name: Clematis fremontii S. Watson Other Commonly Used Names: Fremont s virgins-bower, Fremont s clematis, Fremont s curly-heads Previously Used Scientific

More information

Cornaceae dogwood family Cornus florida flowering dogwood

Cornaceae dogwood family Cornus florida flowering dogwood Cornaceae dogwood family Cornus florida flowering dogwood Sight ID characteristics Vegetative Features: Leaf: 2 1/2-5" long, simple, opposite, deciduous, elliptical to ovate with arcuate venation and an

More information

By R. B. J AGOE Botanist, Department of.4gricultut e, S.S. & F.M.S.

By R. B. J AGOE Botanist, Department of.4gricultut e, S.S. & F.M.S. 109 CARPET GRASS, AXONOPUS SPP. By R. B. J AGOE Botanist, Department of.4gricultut e, S.S. & F.M.S. INTRODUCTION For many years the apparent difference between broad-leaved and narrow-leaved forms of Axonopus

More information

The Beauty of the Trees & Shrubs in Farndon

The Beauty of the Trees & Shrubs in Farndon The Beauty of the Trees & Shrubs in Farndon Photographed, and compiled by John Dodson March 2010 Part 3 Conifers, Compound & Opposite Leaves 1 Definitions Leaves 1 of 2 Alternate Leaves, first on one side

More information

SHRUBS ALTERNATE COMPOUND LEAVES

SHRUBS ALTERNATE COMPOUND LEAVES SHRUBS THORNY OR BRISTLY; LEAVES UNTOOTHED OR OBSCURELY TOOTHED BRISTLY LOCUST Robinia hispida Twigs bristly. Leaflets 7-13, untoothed, bristle-tipped. Fruit bristly pods. Roadsides, dry slopes. Uncommon

More information

Vegetative Key to Common Grasses of Western Washington

Vegetative Key to Common Grasses of Western Washington Vegetative Key to Common Grasses of Western Washington Vegetative Key to Common Grasses of Western Washington Printed June 2010 Prepared by: Kathryn Hill The Evergreen State College Ecological Agriculture

More information

American beech. (Fagus grandifolia) Description: Only species of this genus found in North America.

American beech. (Fagus grandifolia) Description: Only species of this genus found in North America. American beech (Fagus grandifolia) Description: Only species of this genus found in North America. Habit: A medium to large tree up to 100 feet tall with a rounded crown. Old trees may be surrounded by

More information

Diversity and Floristics of Monocots!... rushes, sedges, grasses...!

Diversity and Floristics of Monocots!... rushes, sedges, grasses...! Diversity and Floristics of Monocots!... rushes, sedges, grasses...! The last group of monocots that start with spiderworts with showy flowers but no nectar and ends with grasses and sedges with reduced

More information

United States Department of Agriculture. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Developed by Jimmy Carter Plant Materials Center

United States Department of Agriculture. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Developed by Jimmy Carter Plant Materials Center United States Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service Developed by Jimmy Carter Plant Materials Center Seedling ID Guide for Native Grasses in the Southeast Big Bluestem Eastern

More information

Tree Identification Book. Tree ID Workshop Partners and Supporters

Tree Identification Book. Tree ID Workshop Partners and Supporters Tree Identification Book For the Long Sault Conservation Area Clarington Ontario Created by: Kevin Church, Andrew McDonough & Ryan Handy from Sir Sandford Fleming College Tree ID Workshop Partners and

More information

Part 1: Naming the cultivar

Part 1: Naming the cultivar IPC Logo REGISTRATION FORM FOR a CULTIVAR NAME of SALIX L. Nomenclature and Registration Addresses for correspondence: FAO - International Poplar Commission (appointed in 2013 as the ICRA for the genus

More information

Yellow floating heart

Yellow floating heart Yellow floating heart Nymphoides peltata 1. Glenn Miller, ODA 2. Beth Myers-Shenai, ODA Aquatics A 1 Aquatics Yellow floating heart Nymphoides peltata Description Perennial; bottom-rooted with long branched

More information

FLOWER ANATOMY [V. Max Brown]

FLOWER ANATOMY [V. Max Brown] PLANT TERMINOLOGY Plant terminology for the identification of plants is a necessary evil in order to be more exact, to cut down on lengthy descriptions, and of course to use the more professional texts.

More information

Weed Descriptions. Part II

Weed Descriptions. Part II Weed Descriptions Part II Perennial sowthistle Sonchus arvensis Life Cycle perennial, reproducing by seed and creeping roots; found in cultivated fields, pastures, and waste areas. Cotyledons are ovate

More information