CHAPTER-V PROFILE OF HYDERABAD KARNATAKA REGION

Transcription

1 CHAPTER-V PROFILE OF HYDERABAD KARNATAKA REGION 5.1 Introduction In this chapter a brief profile of study area which is the Hyderabad Karnataka region in Karnataka state is given. Hyderabad Karnataka region which is the name gave to the area which was the part of erstwhile Hyderabad province before the formation of new state. Since the state reorganization in 1956, people of old Bombay Karnataka, Hyderabad Karnataka and other border areas were airing their voices against the extent of regional disparity between the old Mysore taluks and those that have joined the new state. Several committees and academic studies went into the regional disparity aspects in the past. Among the many, keeping in view of acute backwardness of the then Hyderabad Karnataka region, a Committee was set up under the Chairmanship of Shri Dharma Singh in After some debate and consultations, Hyderabad Karnataka Area Development Board (H.K.A.D.B) came into existence following Karnataka Government Act 35 dated December 10, It was based partly on the recommendations of Shri Dharma Singh Committee and partly with the intention of developing the most backward region of the state comprising Gulbarga, Bidar, Raichur Koppal, Yadgir and Bellary districts in respect of social and economic infrastructures such as roads and bridges, health care, educational facilities, enhancing drinking water supply, providing minor irrigation, catering to animal husbandry, promoting sericulture, forestry and urban development. The HKADB started functioning from , having its head quarters at "Abhivrudhi Bhavan, Iwan-E- Shahi Road, Gulbarga". These areas come to be known as Hyderabad Karnataka region later on. Bidar, Gulbarga, Yadgir, Raichur, Koppal and the Hyderabad Karnataka include the districts of Bellary. Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 133

2 5.2 Geographical area of the study Hyderabad Karnataka region is situated in the north eastern part of the Karnataka state and falls within the geographical region of north maiden. It spreads between to Northern latitude and to Eastern altitude (Brisbhasi, 2001). The region is bound on the north by Sholapur, Nanded and Usmanabad districts of Maharashtra State and on the east by Nizamabad, Medak, Mahaboob Nagar, Rangareddy districts of Andhra Pradesh, in the south by Karnool district of Andhra Pradesh and Chitradurga, Devangere districts of Karnataka state in the west by Bijapur, Bagalkot, Gadag and Haveri districts of Karnataka state. The Hyderabad Karnataka region covers the area of Sq. Kms. This is account for per cent of the total geographical area of the Karnataka State. At presently it is consist of six districts i.e., Bellary, Bidar, Gulbarga, Yadgir, Raichur and Koppal. The following table-5.1 gives the idea of the districts included in the Hyderabad Karnataka region and the area covered by them respectively. Table-5.1 Districts of Hyderabad Karnataka Region and Area Districts Area (in Sq. Km.) % of total geographic area Bellary Bidar Gulbarga and Yadgir Raichur Koppal Total H.K. region Source: Forest survey of 2009 Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 134

3 5.3 Physiographic Physiographical the Hyderabad Karnataka region forms the part of two well defined physiographic region of Karnataka state. A) Northern part of Karnataka Plateau The northern Karnataka plateau comprises the districts of Bidar and Gulbarga. It is largely composed of Deccan trap. It represents a monotonous treeless extensive plateau landscape with a general elevation of 300 to 600 mts. From the mean sea level this region is largely covered with the rich black cotton soil. B) Central Karnataka plateau: The central Karnataka plateau comprises of the districts of Raichur, Koppal, and Bellary. The region represents the transisnal surface between the Northern Karnataka plateaus with relatively higher surface. By and large this region represents the area of Tungabhadra basin. The general evaluation varies between 450 to700 mts. From the sea level 5.4 Soil The soil condition in Hyderabad Karnataka region varies from district to district. Major portion of Gulbarga and Bidar districts consists of deep black soil, few parts of Bidar district i.e., Humanabad, Basawakalyan, Bidar talukas have laterite soil. On the other hand the districts of Raichur, Koppal, Yadgir and Bellary districts are covered by the reddish. Sandy soil, the light green loamy soil and there reddish drown soil. The soil and climate conditions are very district to district in the H.K. region. Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 135

4 5.5 Climate The climate of the H.K. region in general is characterized by dryness for the major part of the year and a very hot summer. The year may be divided broadly into four seasons. The hot season begins by the middle of February and extends to the end of May. The south-west monsoon season is from June to the end of September. October and November are post monsoon and the period from December to the middle of February is the cold season. The region receives rainfall both from south-west and North West monsoons. However, the mean rainfall in the region is very scant at 692 million meter in a year. 5.6 Rivers Three major river basins of south India i.e., Godavari, Krishna, and Tungabhadra covers the area of H.K. region karanja, Bhima, Krishna, Hagari and Chikkahagari are the major rivers of the Hyderabad Karnataka region 5.7 Mineral Resources The region is endowed with rich minerals resources such as lime stone. Gypsum, quartz, stearite, bauxite, kaolin, red ochre, white quartz Iron ore manganese The most important mineral of Gulbarga and Yadgir district is the limestone which is found in Chittapur, Sedam, Chincholi, Shahapur, Shorapur and Jewargi covering about sq. miles. Large deposits of kaolin are located in Bidar district. About 2500 tones of good kaolin clay are estimated to be available in the district. The most important mineral available in Raichur district in Hatti is gold, next to kolar district; Raichur is the only other district producing gold in the Karnataka state. The district has the prestigious Hatti gold mines and the reserves of gold are estimated to be of 4.11 Lakh tonnes. Bellary district has been endowed with iron ore and manganese. Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 136

5 5.8 Human Resources The decadal growth of population of Karnataka over the decades from is given in table 5.2. The provisional results for the Censes of India 2011, reveals that population of Karnataka at the reference point of time are 611s The area population according to 2011 census is under the table of H.K. region population detailed of all districts. The growth of population of the H.K. area is shown in the table 5.2. Table-5.2 Growth of population Districts 2001Census 2011Census (provisional data) population % variation Population % variation Bellary 20,27, ,32, Bidar 15,02, ,00, Gulbarga 21,74, ,64, Yadgir 9,56, ,72, Raichur 16,69, ,24, Koppal 11,96, ,91, H.k.Region 95,26, ,12,86, Total State 5,27,33, ,11,30, Source: Census of India 2011, GOK, Directorate of Economics and Statistics. The H.K. region has experienced a growth rate of population i.e This was above the state average of during On the other hand, during the growth rate is which are well above the state average of 17.51, during the growth rate of provisional is H.K. region and the state average is the same period; growth of population from 2001 to 2011 is depicted. Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 137

6 5.9 Density According to 2001 and 2011 census the density of population in H.K. region was 215 and 271, it was lower than the density of 2001 and 2011 population of Karnataka 276 and 319. However the density of population is not uniform throughout the region. This is evident from the table 5.3. Table-5.3 District-Wise Density of H.K. Region Districts Density 2001 Density 2011Census Bellary Bidar Gulbarga Yadgir Raichur Koppal H.K. Region State Source: Gok, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Bangalore, District-Wise Density of H.K. Region Density 2001 Density 2011(provisional list) Bellary Bidar Gulbarga Yadgir Raichur Koppal Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 138

7 In the above table of Year 2001 and 2011, Bidar is thickly populated districts in Hyderabad Karnataka region with density of population 276 and 312 per sq. kms. Koppal is the thinly populated district with density of 166 and 250 people per sq. kms Sex Ratio table. The sex ratio in various districts of H.K. region is shown in the following Table-5.4 District-Wise Sex ratio of H.K. Region Districts Sex ratio2001(per Sex ratio 2011(per ) provisional list) Bellary Bidar Gulbarga Yadgir Raichur Koppal H.K. Region State Source: GOK Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Bangalore, The above table shows that sex ratio is not uniform among the districts of H.K. Region. Koppal is having highest sex ratio of 983 where as Bidar is having lowest sex ratio of 949 in the region as per the 2001 census and 2011 Raichur is having highest sex ratio of 992, which as Bidar is having lowest sex ratio of 952. The decadal growth of sex ratio of Karnataka over is the 964 year of 2001 and 2011of the year of sex ratio Literacy level The level of education in H.K. region is low. The literacy rate of both male and female population is very low when compared to the state average, according to 2011 census report literacy rate of Bellary 67.85, Bidar 71.01, Gulbarga 65.65, Yadgir 52.36, Raichur and Koppal in the table 5.5. Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 139

8 Table-5.5 Level of literacy in the H.K. region (in percentage) Districts (provision list) Total literacy Male literacy Female literacy Total literacy Male literacy Female literacy Bellary Bidar Gulbarga Yadgir Raichur Koppal H.K. Region State Source: Govt. of Karnataka, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Bangalore From the table 5.5 it is clear that Bidar district have highest rate of literacy (60.94 per cent) among the district of Hyderabad Karnataka region. Raichur have lowest literacy rate of per cent in the year of The male and female literacy rate is not uniform among the district of Hyderabad Karnataka region Bidar again leads with per cent of male literacy and per cent female literacy were as Raichur lags behind with per cent of male literacy and per cent of female literacy Agriculture Agriculture is the main economic activity of majority of people in H.K. region. The state of agriculture development in H.K. region could be understand by analysing various factors reflected to agriculture sector such as utilization of land, cropping pattern, development of irrigation and land holding pattern. Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 140

9 5.13 Land utilization Out of total geographical area of hectares the land put to different uses is shown in the following Table 5.6. Under the table, Net area sown hectares of total are of H.K. region is put for agriculture purposes. The area used for Non- agricultural purposes is hectares. The area covered by the forest is hectares in area. Barren land and other uncultivable land consists 20 per cent of total geographical area. Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 141

10 Table-5.6 Land utilization pattern in Hyderabad Karnataka region (in Hectares) Particulars Bellary Bidar Gulbarga & Yadgir Raichur Koppal H.K. Region Forest Non-agriculture Barren land Cultivable waste land Permanent pasture Trees & Grover Current fallow land Other fallow land Net area sown More than once area sown Total cropped area Total Geographical area Note: figure in parenthesis is shown in percentage. Source:Compiled from govt. of Karnataka, Karnataka at a glance (as per ASCR DES ) Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 142

11 5.14 Cropping Pattern Cropping pattern of this region varies from district to district. Kharif and Rabi crops are the two seasons in which crops are grown. Summer cultivation is done only in small area which assured irrigation. Sl. no Table-5.7 Area under Different Crops in Hyderabad Karnataka Region Crops Area(in Hectares) % to total cropped area 01 Paddy Ragi Jawar Bajra Maize Wheat Other cereals and millets Gram Red gram Other pulses Ground nut Sugarcane Cotton Other Total cropped area Source: Govt. of Karnataka, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Above table 5.7 shows that cereals are the major crops grown in the region the area cultivated under cereals is about per cent of the total cropped area. Among the cereals Jawar is the main cereals grown is about per cent of the total cropped area. Pulses are grown in about 19 per cent of the total cropped area. Among the cash crops ground (10.93 per cent) nut and cotton (5.43per cent) occupies the prominent place. Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 143

12 Jawar is the main crop in the entire region. Kharif crops like paddy. Green gram, black gram, red grams are grown in this region. Rabi crops like sunflower wheat groundnut are grown. Sugarcane, cotton is the important cash crops grown in the command area Karanja, Krishna and Tungabhadra projects table-5.7. Shows are cropping pattern in H.K. region Land Holding Pattern The land holding pattern in Hyderabad Karnataka region is analyzed with the help of table 5.8. Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 144

13 Table-5.8 Land Holding Pattern in H. K. Region Districts No. of Marginal land holding (below 1 hectare) No. of small land holding (1 to 2 hectare) No. of semi medium land holding (2 to 4 hectare) Medium land holding (4 to 10 hectare) Large land holding (More than10hectare s) Total land holdings Bellary (30.65) (28) (24.03) (14.50) 6629 (2.60) (100) Bidar (19.59) (40.93) (26.84) (10.75) 3659 (1.87) (100) Gulbarga &Yadgir Raichur (16.69) (21.88) (33.63) (32.18) (30.24) (28.47) (15.97) (14.85) (3.44) (2.60) Koppal H.K. region Total State (21.36) (41.94) (33.20) (27.43) (28.03) (19.35) (14.59) (9.55) (2.79) (1.70) (100) (100) (100) (100) Source: Govt. of Karnataka, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Bangalore, Karnataka at a glance Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 145

14 From the above table is clear that small and marginal land holdings dominates the agriculture scenario of H.K. Region small and marginal land holdings constitutes of the total land holdings of the region. The percentage share of medium and large holdings is per cent of the total and holdings. This shows that any agricultural improvement programme should take in to consideration the small and marginal farmers Irrigation development H.K. region is mainly dry area. Agricultural activities in this region are dependent on rain. Therefore, improvement of agriculture in this region depends on development of irrigation facilities. In the post independence period government has laid much stress on the development of irrigation in the country. H.K. Region is no exception to this. Number of small, medium and major irrigation projects has come up in the region. But still out of net area sown 2, hectares only per cent of land is irritated. The table-5.9 gives the idea about the source wise irrigation facilities in the H.K. region. Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 146

15 Table-5.9 Districts- wise Irrigation Facilities in H.K. Region (Net Irrigation in Hectares) Districts Canals Tank Wells Bore wells Lift Irrigation Other Sources Total Bellary Bidar Gulbarga and Yadgir Raichur Koppal H.K.Region (66.75) (2.76) (17.22) (8.57) (3.14) 8827 (1.52) (100) Source: Govt. of Karnataka, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Bangalore, Karnataka at a glance Note: Figure in brackets indicates percentage to the total net irrigated area. Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 147

16 From the above table it can be discerned that canals are the most important source of irrigation in the H.K. Region. The area irrigated by canals is (66.75 per cent) of net irrigated area, this is due to the implementation of major irrigation project like karanja, upper Krishna project and Tungabhadra projects in the region wells (17.22 per cent) and bore wells (8.57 per cent) are the next important sources of irrigate on Infrastructure Facilities Development of infrastructure facilities is considered important as it provides base for developmental activity and stimulates industrial activity by locating industrial undertaking (Management Development Insurance, 1997). Table gives a bird s eye view of infrastructural facilities in H.K. Region. The state total road length is kms and the road length per 100 sq kms is The states post office is 9772 and the study area of The total numbers of primary health centers in the area are 343. The financial infrastructure in the area is also highly inadequate. The below able 5.10 clearly exhibits the position of infrastructure in the area the total road length of H.K. area is kms. The total railway route length is kms. Gulbarga (Yadgir) district occupies major portion i.e.107 kms. Bidar district has railway route length of only 79kms, Bellary , that of Raichur 51 and Koppal together is 55 kms. It shows clearly that the nondevelopment of rail route though the area is spread vastly and requires this important means of transport. The development of area has been severely affected due to the lack of transport facilities. There are 1890 post offices in this area, telephone * is and it has served by 494 telephone exchanges Gulbarga is having highest telephone exchange i.e. 148, Bellary 116, Bidar 81, Yadgir 12, Raichur 72 and Koppal 63 and the area is having 43 primary veterinary hospitals. The explained are Districts wise under the table Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 148

17 Table-5.10 Infrastructure base in The H.K. Area ( ) Communication (in Numbers) District Total road length(k ms) Road length per 100Sq.Kms Length of Railway route (kms) No. of Primary Health Centre s No. of veterinar y Hospitals Post office Telephon e exchange Telephone * Bellary Bidar Gulbarga Yadgir Raichur Koppal H.K. region Total State Source: Karnataka at a Glance DISE, Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 149

18 5.18 Education Deportment in Hyderabad Karnataka Region The table-5.11 in states the number schools in the state and as well as various districts in H.K. region. The data s of DISE There are numbers of little primary school (LPS) are 25951, Higher Primary School (HPS) and High School (HS) in the Karnataka area out of which LPS 4407, HPS 6385 and 2405 High schools (HS) in the Hyderabad Karnataka area. Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 150

19 Table-5.11 Number of School and Colleges in H.K. Region (Year ) (In Nos.) Education Bellary Bidar Gulbarga Yadgir Raichur Koppal H.K. Region Total State No. of schools LPS HPS No. of High School No. of Colleges PUC Degree Medical Polytechnic Engineering Total Source: Karnataka at a Glance DISE, Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 151

20 Above the table shows the number of different colleges exists in the state and various districts of education in the H.K. region. The total number of PU Colleges in the state are 3786, Degree College 657, Medical 157, Polytechnic 287 and Engineering 187. This has in the H.K. region total numbers of PU colleges are 658, Degree 103, Medical 23, Polytechnic 57 and Engineering Libraries in H.K. Region Under the table 5.12 shows the number of libraries in the Karnataka state and Hyderabad Karnataka region. The total numbers of District Library in the Karnataka state are 30, City Library 32, Urban Library 380, Rural Library 303 and Community Library for Children 48. In the H.K. region 6 district Library, City Library 5, Urban Library 38, Rural Library 47 and 6 Community Library for Children. In the H.K. region more imp size on rural areas, hence to be established more libraries in the rural areas. Sl. No. Table-5.12 Number of Libraries in H.K. Region (As on ) (in Nos) District Dist. Library City Library NO. of Library Libraries Branch Urban Rural Community Library for Children in Dist. 1 Bellary Bidar Gulbarga Yadgir Raichur Koppal H.K. region Total State Source: DISE, Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 152

21 5.20 Rural development A. Lead bank The bank has been entrusted with lead responsibilities in Adilabad. Karimnagar Khammam, Nalgonds, Nizamabad, Rangareddy districts of Andhra Pradesh besides Hyderabad metropolitan and three districts in Karnataka. Viz. Raichur, Bellary and Koppal under the lead bank scheme of reserve bank of India. A detailed annual credit plan for each district is prepared and implemented with the help of other banks and financial institutions operating in the district and Government departments. Under the annual credit plan the bank achieved 88 percent of its share in the total outlay against all financial institutions achievement of 84 percent. B. Community services banking: Alive to the needs of the society in which bank is functioning. The banks activities under community services banking includes financial assistance to charities / service organizations / physically handicapped, Conducting health camps, adult education, distribution of books / uniforms to poor students, organizing sports / quiz competitions, Tree plantations, Blood donation, etc. The bank had sponsored four athletes from Andhra Pradesh to the special summer Olympics for mentally retarded persons at north coralline USA. The sponsored athletes won 2 gold, 4 silver and 1 bronze medals. Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 153

22 Districts No. of commerc ial banks Table-5.13 Banking Facilities No. of cooperative banks No. of P.L.D. banks No. of other cooperative banks No. of grameena banks(br) Bellary Bidar Gulbarga &Yadgir Raichur Koppal Total Source: Directorate of Economic and statistic, govt. of Karnataka, Bangalore Note: Figure in brackets indicates percentage to the total net irrigated area. The above table reveals that as many as 392 commercial banks operating throughout of Hyderabad Karnataka area. Gulbarga district is having highest number of branches of commercial banks i.e., 105, Followed by Raichur district 91 branches, Bidar district 65 branches, Bellary district 76 branches and Koppal district 55 branches. The number of urban co-operative banks operating in Hyderabad Karnataka area is 23 there are 6 urban co-operative banks in Gulbarga district followed by 5 in Bidar district, 4 in Raichur district, Bellary district 5 and 3 in Koppal district. There are 41 primary land development banks (P.L.D) operating throughout Hyderabad Karnataka area. Gulbarga district is having highest number of P.L.D banks i.e. 10, followed by Bidar and Raichur district each having 8 P.L.D. banks, Bellry district 9 P.L.D banks and Koppal district is having 6. P.L.D banks. Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 154

23 The numbers of other co-operative banks operating in Hyderabad Karnataka area are 100. Bidar district is having more number of other co-operative banks i.e., 40, followed by 18 in Gulbarga district and Bellary district 16 banks, 14 in Raichur district and 12 in Koppal district. As many as 266 branches of Grameena banks operating in the study area, Gulbarga district is having highest number of branches of Grameena banks i.e., 75, followed by Raichur district 32 branches. The information regarding banking facilities is depicted in table. C. Ambedkar Rural housing Scheme The table-5.14 explains the number of houses constructed under Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Rural housing Scheme in the state and Hyderabad Karnataka area. In state houses was constructed under this scheme, houses was constructed in the H.K. area in the same scheme till above mentioned data and according to the RGRHC limited sources of data. Table-5.14 Number of houses constructed under Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Rural housing Scheme (up to ) (in Nos) Sl.No District SC ST Total 1 Bellary Bidar Gulbarga Yadgir Raichur Koppal Total H.K. region Total State Source: Rajiv Gandhi Rural Housing Corporation Limited Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 155

24 D. Indira Awas Yojana The Indira Awas Yojana (IAY) is the core programme for providing free housing to families in rural area, SCs, STs, OBC and GM households and freed bonded labourers. The rural housing programme has certainly enabled many BPL families to acquire pucca houses; the coverage of the beneficiaries is limited, given the resource constraints. The providing loans at a concessional rate of interest to economically weaker sections and low- income group household for construction of houses. According to Rajiv Gandhi Rural Housing Corporation Limited of Indira Awas Yojana total of Karnataka and Hyderabad Karnataka are and houses. In the table-5.15 are explained about districts. Table-5.15 Number of houses constructed under Indira Awas Scheme (up to ) (in Nos) Sl.No District SC ST OBC GM Total 1 Bellary Bidar Gulbarga Yadgir Raichur Koppal H.K. region Total State Source: Rajiv Gandhi Rural Housing Corporation Limited Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 156

25 E. Houses Constructed under Asharaya Scheme Under the table-5-16 Number of Houses Constructed under Asharaya Scheme is detailed in Karnataka and Hyderabad Karnataka area. The asharaya Scheme for the H.K. region table-5.16 shows there is explained the districts. Table-5.16 Number of Houses Constructed under Asharaya Scheme (in Nos) Cumulative up to Sl.N o District SC ST OBC/GM Total 1 Bellary Bidar Gulbarga Yadgir Raichur Koppal H.K. region Total State Source: Rajiv Gandhi Rural Housing Corporation Limited F. Self Employment Programmes a. Self help groups (SHGs) The concept of self help groups is being actively pursued to inculcate financial discipline among the weaker sections of the society. The number of such groups linked to the bank stood at As at the end of March Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 157

26 b. SJSRY and SGSY Government of India has launched Swarna Jayanthi Grama Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) by restructuring several self-employment programmes like IRDP, DWCRA, TRYSEM, SITRA, Ganga Kalyana Yojana and Million Wells Scheme from SGSY and SJSRY is programme covering aspects of selfemployment like organization of the poor into self-help groups, Provision of Infrastructure and Marketing facilities. SGSY and SJSRY are funded by the Centre and State in the ratio of 75:25. The main emphasis is on cluster approach. Quality is the hallmark of SGSY and SJSRY. SGSY will help to promote multiple credits rather than a one-time credit injection. Under the table are detailed districts in Hyderabad Karnataka region. The beneficiaries Self employment, Wage Employment, SGSY total and Women Groups explain under SGSY and SJSRY programme are given in Table. The Government is also providing benefits through various progammes which are given in Table Table-5.17 Number of S.J.R.Y and S.G.S.Y (Year: ) (in Nos.) S.J.R.Y S.G.S.Y District Self employment Wage Women Total training) (man days) Groups Bellary Bidar Gulbarga Yadgir Raichur Koppal H.K.Region State Source: Rajiv Gandhi Rural Housing Corporation Limited DISE Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 158

27 c. AAY, APL and BPL Card Holder in H.K. Region: One of the important porgrammes in Karnataka is to alleviate poverty thereby giving subsidized food grains under public distribution at the poor fixed rate throughout the year. The availability of the food grains to the reasonable rates to the poor is the responsibility of the Government. The identification of beneficiary families and allotment of food grains to them is the responsibility of the State Government while the public distribution system is the responsibility of both Central and State Governments. The State Government gives food grain total allotment families which includes Anthyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) and below poverty line (BPL) families and remaining food grains are purchased by the State from the Central pool in the above poverty line (APL) rates and distributes it in the BPL rates to ration card holders who have been identified by the State Government above the Central Government figures. The number of Hyderabad Karnataka card holder both BPL and APL are presented under the Table. So far card holder families have been identified and are getting 29 kg of rice at Rs 3/- per kg. and 6 kg of wheat at Rs 2/- per kg. The remaining families will be identified from BPL families. Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 159

28 Table-5.18 Report On District Wise Accepted, Under Verification, Cancelled RC Count in H.K. Region (up to ) BPL BPL District APL without APL with Total Total AAY without with Name LPG LPG APL BPL LPG LPG TOTAL Bellary Bidar Gulbarga Yadgir Raichur Koppal H.K. region State Source: Karnataka, Food and Civil Supplies & Consumer Affairs-2012( Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 160

29 5.21 Industrial development As par as industrial development is concerned H.K. Region is too backward at present there are only 876 industrial units in the region which includes large and medium scale industries. There are about 3509 small scale industrial units in the region. Though, H.K. Region is endowed with rich mineral resources viz., iron ore, lie stone, copper etc., they have not been fully exploited. Only few large scale cement units have come in the Gulbarga districts. Otherwise rest of the region is industrially backward table-5.19 shows that industrial scenario of H.K. region. Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 161

30 Table-5.19 District wise industrial units and employees in H.K. Region (as on ) (in nos) No. of factories and employees % to the total Employees Districts Textile Chemical Engineering Sugar others Total workers Bellary (19.15) (2.13) (8.94) (1.27) (68.51) (100) Bidar (3.16) (21.05) (16.31) (1.05) (68.42) (100) Gulbarga and Yadgir (0.86) (3.44) (16.37) (2.58) (76.72) (100) Raichur (32.29) (4.66) (3.39) (54.66) (100) Koppal (17.22) (2.77) (1.67) (0.55) (77.77) (100) H.K. Region (19.44) (5.20) (6.59) (0.92) (67.59) (100) State Source: Govt. of Karnataka, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Bangalore, Karnataka at a glance Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 162

31 Table-5.20 Year Wise Trend of Units Registered in Hyderabad Karnataka Region YEAR No. of Regist ered Units Bellary Bidar Koppal Employ ment Investme nt (lakh Rs.) No. of Registered Units Employ ment Investme nt (lakh Rs.) No. of Registered Units Employment Investment (lakh Rs.) Raichur Gulbarga Yadgir YEAR No. of Investme No. of Investme No. of Regist Employ Employ Investment nt (lakh Registered nt (lakh Registered Employment ered ment ment (lakh Rs.) Rs.) Units Rs.) Units Units Source: Govt. of Karnataka, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Bangalore, Karnataka at a glance Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 163

32 Table-5.21 Details of Existing Micro and Small Enterprises and Units in the Hyderabad Karnataka Region Bellary Bidar Koppal Type of Industry Number of units Investment (lakh rs.) Employ ment Number of units Investment (lakh rs.) Employ ment Number of units Investment (lakh rs.) Employ ment Agro based Soda water Cotton textile Woollen, silk & artificial Thread based clothes Jute & jute based Ready-made garments & embroidery Wood/wooden based furniture Paper & Paper products Leather based Chemical/Chemical based Rubber, Plastic & petro based Mineral based Metal based (Steel Fab.) Engineering units Electrical machinery and transport equipment Repairing & servicing Others Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 164

33 Table-5.21 Details of Existing Micro and Small Enterprises and Units in the Hyderabad Karnataka Region (Continue...) Raichur Gulbarga Yadgir Type of Industry Number of units Investment (lakh rs.) Employm ent Number of units Investment (lakh rs.) Employ ment Number of units Investment (lakh rs.) Employme nt Agro based , Soda water Cotton textile , Woollen, silk & artificial Thread based clothes. Jute & jute based Ready-made garments & embroidery Wood/wooden based , furniture Paper & Paper products 330-1, Leather based Chemical/Chemical based Rubber, Plastic & petro based Mineral based Metal based (Steel Fab.) Engineering units Electrical machinery and 265-1, transport equipment Repairing & servicing , Others , Source: Govt. of Karnataka, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Bangalore, Karnataka at a glance Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 165

34 References: Government of Karnataka (2001), Gazetteer Deportment, A Hand Book of Karnataka, Pp.1. Census of India, 1991, District census Handbook, Bidar, Gulbarga, Bellary, Raichur and Koppal, Part XA, series 14, Mysore, Government of Karnataka. Census of India 2011, Govt. of Karnataka, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Bangalore, Karnataka at a glance Census of India 2011, provisional population total, Govt. of Karnataka, Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Bangalore, Karnataka at a glance Nanjannavar, S.S., (1999), Karnataka Geography, Diksuchi prakashana, Bangalore, Pp.25. Government of Karnataka (2001), Gazetteer Deportment, A Hand Book of Karnataka, Pp.25. Govt. of Karnataka ( ), Computed from Karnataka at a Glance, Directorate of Economic and statistic, Bangalore Pp.15. Govt. of Karnataka ( ), computed from Karnataka at a Glance, Directorate of Economic and statistic, Bangalore. Rudradatta and K.P.M. Sundaram, (2000), Indian Economy, S. Chand and Company Ltd., New Delhi, P.85. Brijbhasi (2001), The world atlas Book, published by Brijbhasi Book Shals and printer Mathura, Pp.44. Government of Karnataka (2005), Gazetteer Deportment, a Hand Book of Karnataka, Pp.49. Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 166

35 Nanjundappa D.M., (2002), High Power Committee for Redressal of Regional Imbalances, Government of Karnataka, Pp.81, 135 and 136. Karnataka, Food and Civil Supplies & Consumer Affairs2012( Rajiv Gandhi Rural Housing Corporation Limited DISE, Computed from Karnataka at a Glance, Directorate of Economic and statistic, govt. of Karnataka, Bangalore , C.R. Ramesh: Sectoral Paper on Development of Roads in Karnataka; and Karnataka at a Glance (GoK) Karnataka at a Glance DISE, Govt. of India, Ministry of Rural Development, Department of Rural Development website Nanjundappa committee Report (2010), High power Committee on Regional Disparities, by Govt. of Karnataka 10 th Plan Document, Planning Commission, Government of India Raj Kapila & Uma Kapila (2001) Decade of Economic Reforms, Academy Foundation, New-Delhi, p125 Rudra Dutta & Sundaram K P M (2005) Indian Economy S. Chand Publication, New-Delhi, p876. Operational Guidelines 3 rd edition (2008) The National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005 (NREGA), Ministry of Rural Development & Department of Rural Development, New-Delhi UNDP Human Development Report: United Nations Development Programme, Oxford University Press, New York. Department of Economics, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga Page 167