The role of nitrogen fixation and climbing in competitive interactions between bird vetch and native plants

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "The role of nitrogen fixation and climbing in competitive interactions between bird vetch and native plants"

Transcription

1 The Role of Nitrogen Fixation and Climbing in Competitive Interactions Between Bird Vetch and Native Plants Diane Wagner, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Institute of Arctic Biology and Department of Biology and Wildlife The invasive species bird vetch (Vicia cracca) is common on Alaska roadsides, grasslands, and low-density forest, where it often outcompetes native vegetation. Using experiments and surveys, I investigated the contribution of two life history traits, nitrogen fixation and climbing, on vetch's ability to grow rapidly and compete successfully. When cultivated from seed in a greenhouse alongside five native legume species and in the presence of both native and non-native soil microbes, vetch accumulated twice the biomass of native plants over the same period of time, despite allocating proportionally less biomass to roots. One explanation for this pattern is that vetch plants were far more likely to form root nodules indicative of symbiosis with nitrogen fixing bacteria. When grown in sterile medium inoculated only with native microbes, vetch plants grew larger and produced a much greater mass of root nodules than individuals of the native Astragalus alpinum. These results suggest that, though non-native, vetch forms highly effective symbioses with local nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Aboveground, vetch plants grow vertically by clinging to woody shrubs and small trees. By climbing vertically, vetch plants increase access to light and enhance growth rates relative to vetch plants prevented from climbing. In a survey of shrubs and small trees across six invaded sites in Fairbanks, climbing by vetch vines reduced light to the structural host by 26 percent. Small Populus trees in an invaded field site grew less and were more likely to die within a year than trees from which vetch vines were experimentally deflected. The results suggest that successful competition by vetch is supported by effective symbioses with local microbes and a strategy of robbing light from structural hosts. Primary Learning Outcomes 1. Though lacking a long history in Interior Alaska, bird vetch was more likely to form symbioses with local nitrogen-fixing microbes than the native legume species tested. 2. Climbing by bird vetch increases access to light and can reduce growth rate and survivorship of the woody structural host. 3. Effective symbiosis with local soil microbes and a climbing growth habit support high growth rates and competitiveness by bird vetch.

2 The role of nitrogen fixation and climbing in competitive interactions between bird vetch and native plants Diane Wagner Biology & Wildlife, Institute of Arctic Biology University of Alaska Fairbanks Student contributors: Amanda Spenser, Alexandria Wenninger, Jenifer Wheeler, Savannah Yunkers Annual Invasive Species Workshop 24 October 2017 K. Gobroski

3 Bird vetch (Vicia cracca) Native to Europe and Asia in open habitats First report in North America 1860 Rampart Experiment Station on Yukon River in 1909 Later to Fairbanks and Palmer Experiment Stations Noxious weed in Alaska Cadbury 1971; Aarssen et al. 1986; Klebesadel 1980

4

5 3 m

6

7 V. cracca can establish under conditions of low disturbance and fertility (Thompson et al. 2001)

8 Traits That Facilitate Establishment Nitrogen fixation Climbing Allelopathy

9 n = 65, vetch > natives at both nutrient levels P<0.05 Growth Potential Relative to Native Total biomass (g) Fabaceae Pale low nutrients Dark moderate nutrients 1 0

10 n = 65, species effect P=0.002, nutrient effect P=0.04 Investment in Roots Root biomass (%) Pale low nutrients Dark moderate nutrients

11

12 Nodulation % Plants with root nodules Total biomass (g) % Plants with nodules n = 65, species effect

13 Use of Local Microbial Symbionts Total biomass (g) a b b Nodule mass (mg) a b c n = 19, species effect

14 Nitrogen Fixation Summary Nitrogen fixation supports high growth rates by V. cracca relative to native legumes V. cracca appears to use local microbial symbionts more effectively than native legume species Light is key to symbiotic N fixation as well as growth

15

16 Bird vetch (Vicia cracca)

17 Advantages of Climbing PAR (μmol m -2 sec -1 ) V. cracca biomass (g) cm cm Height above ground (cm) 0 Vetch on aspen Vetch alone

18 Vetch Shades the Structural Host Average 27% (± 4 SE) decrease in PAR to host due to V. cracca n = 6 sites, 32 trees and shrubs

19 What is the effect of climbing vetch on host performance?

20 Aboveground Competition Experiment Natural Setting Study plot grassland slope colonized by small aspen trees (0.5 1 m) 2 treatments: Vetch contacting aspen deflected to side (not pulled) Vetch unmanipulated Measured host mortality and change in height & stem diameter (growth) 13 months later n = 40 aspen

21

22 Mortality

23 n = 40, P = 0.02 Mortality Percent mortality Vetch Present Vetch Deflected

24 Growth of Survivors Height change (cm) Diameter change (mm) Vetch Present Vetch Deflected 0 Vetch Present Vetch Deflected

25 Conclusions Effective light capture through climbing combined with efficient nodulation support high intrinsic growth rates and competitiveness by V. cracca On forest edge or interior, V. cracca has the potential to alter recruitment dynamics of native trees

Effect of N-fixation on nitrous oxide emissions in mature caragana shelterbelts

Effect of N-fixation on nitrous oxide emissions in mature caragana shelterbelts Effect of N-fixation on nitrous oxide emissions in mature caragana shelterbelts C.C. Amadi 1, R.E. Farrell 1 & K.C.J. Van Rees 1 1 Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK,

More information

An Investigation of Tree Growth and Colonization on a 19 Year-Old Forestry Reclamation Site. Wesley Dement 4/10/17

An Investigation of Tree Growth and Colonization on a 19 Year-Old Forestry Reclamation Site. Wesley Dement 4/10/17 An Investigation of Tree Growth and Colonization on a 19 Year-Old Forestry Reclamation Site Wesley Dement 4/10/17 Introduction/Goals Provide a brief overview of the forestry reclamation approach. Discuss

More information

COMPARISON OF SEEDING RATES AND COATING ON SEEDLING COUNT, ROOT LENGTH, ROOT WEIGHT AND SHOOT WEIGHT OF CRIMSON CLOVER

COMPARISON OF SEEDING RATES AND COATING ON SEEDLING COUNT, ROOT LENGTH, ROOT WEIGHT AND SHOOT WEIGHT OF CRIMSON CLOVER COMPARISON OF SEEDING RATES AND COATING ON SEEDLING COUNT, ROOT LENGTH, ROOT WEIGHT AND SHOOT WEIGHT OF CRIMSON CLOVER V.A. Corriher, G.W. Evers and P. Parsons 1 Cool season annual legumes, especially

More information

Japanese Knotweed Red Winged Blackbird

Japanese Knotweed Red Winged Blackbird Japanese Knotweed Red Winged Blackbird Emerald Ash Borer White Ash Tree Asian Long Horned Beetle Maple Tree I am a beautiful songbird native to North America. I live in marine and freshwater wetlands and

More information

Red Clover Varieties for North-Central Florida

Red Clover Varieties for North-Central Florida Red Clover Varieties for North-Central Florida J.C.B. Dubeux, Jr. 1, P. Munoz 2, A.R.S. Blount 1, K.H. Quesenberry 2, L.E. Sollenberger, E.R.S. Santos 1 Synopsis Red clover varieties are an option for

More information

ECOLOGICAL PRODUCTS FOR AGRICULTURE

ECOLOGICAL PRODUCTS FOR AGRICULTURE Scientific Bulletin, Series F, Biotechnologies, Vol. XVI, 2012 ISSN Online 2285-5521, ISSN-L 2285-1364 ECOLOGICAL PRODUCTS FOR AGRICULTURE Nicoleta RADU 1, Ana Aurelia CHIRVASE 1, Nela ZAMBIL 2 1 Biotechnology

More information

Biology and phenology of scale insects in a cool temperate region of Australia

Biology and phenology of scale insects in a cool temperate region of Australia Biology and phenology of scale insects in a cool temperate region of Australia Grapevine scale Parthenolecanium persicae Fab. Frosted Scale Parthenolecanium pruinosum Coc. Distribution of Scales in the

More information

Monaro Legume Nodulation Survey Preliminary Results

Monaro Legume Nodulation Survey Preliminary Results Monaro Legume Nodulation Survey Preliminary Results Jo Powells Senior Land Services Officer (Pastures) What did we want to find out? What is the current nodulation status of legumes across the Monaro?

More information

Variable responses of a California grassland to the reintroduction of tule elk. Brent Johnson - National Park Service

Variable responses of a California grassland to the reintroduction of tule elk. Brent Johnson - National Park Service Variable responses of a California grassland to the reintroduction of tule elk Brent Johnson - National Park Service large mammalian herbivores effects of large herbivores consuming & trampling plants

More information

Knowing Your Nodules Results from the 2016 Monaro Legume Survey

Knowing Your Nodules Results from the 2016 Monaro Legume Survey Knowing Your Nodules Results from the 2016 Monaro Legume Survey In spring 2016 South East Local Land Services and Monaro Farming Systems surveyed 54 paddocks across the Monaro looking into the health and

More information

Protium glabrum Question number Question Answer Score 1.01 Is the species highly domesticated? n 0

Protium glabrum Question number Question Answer Score 1.01 Is the species highly domesticated? n 0 Australia/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for United States. Data used for analysis published in: Gordon, D.R. and C.A. Gantz. 2008. Potential impacts on the horticultural industry of screening

More information

B.T. Pujari and M.N. Sheelvantar. Department of Agronomy, University of Agricultural Sciences, DhalWad , India ABSTRACT

B.T. Pujari and M.N. Sheelvantar. Department of Agronomy, University of Agricultural Sciences, DhalWad , India ABSTRACT Indian J AgJic. Res., 36 (3) : 156-161. 2002 DRY MATTER ACCUMULATIION IN plant PARTS OF GREENGRAM {VIGNA RADIATA (L.) WILCZEK} AS INFLUENCED BY CROPPING SYSTEM, ROW PROPORTIONS AND GREENGRAM POPULATION

More information

Vivekanandan, K. and G. D. Bandara. Forest Department, Rajamalwatta Road, Battaramulla, Sri Lanka.

Vivekanandan, K. and G. D. Bandara. Forest Department, Rajamalwatta Road, Battaramulla, Sri Lanka. Vivekanandan, K. and G. D. Bandara. Forest Department, Rajamalwatta Road, Battaramulla, Sri Lanka. LEUCAENA SPECIES RESISTANCE TO PSYLLID (H ETERO PSYLLA CUBANA CRAWFORD) IN SRI LANKA Introduction. Giant

More information

Plant root activity is limited to the soil bulbs Does not require technical expertise to. wetted by the water bottle emitter implement

Plant root activity is limited to the soil bulbs Does not require technical expertise to. wetted by the water bottle emitter implement Case Study Bottle Drip Irrigation Case Study Background Data Tool Category: Adaptation on the farm Variety: Robusta Climatic Hazard: Prolonged dry spells and high temperatures Expected Outcome: Improved

More information

The Bean Plataspid, Megacopta cribraria, Feeding on Kudzu: an Accidental Introduction with Beneficial Effects

The Bean Plataspid, Megacopta cribraria, Feeding on Kudzu: an Accidental Introduction with Beneficial Effects The Bean Plataspid, Megacopta cribraria, Feeding on Kudzu: an Accidental Introduction with Beneficial Effects Jim Hanula 1, Yanzhuo Zhang 2 and Scott Horn 1 1 USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station,

More information

Spurge Laurel Daphne laureola

Spurge Laurel Daphne laureola Spurge Laurel Daphne laureola 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Chris Aldassy, EMSWCD Whatcom county Noxious Weed Control Board Whatcom county Noxious Weed Control Board Bruce Newhouse Chris Aldassy, EMSWCD Whatcom county

More information

Warm-Season Forages for Ohio

Warm-Season Forages for Ohio Warm-Season Forages for Ohio Christine Gelley OSU Extension ANR Noble County OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY EXTENSION Today s Topics of Interest What are warm-season forages? What are the advantages and disadvantages

More information

Bell peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) grown under diffuse glass. Christien Sauviller Research Centre Hoogstraten Meerle, Belgium

Bell peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) grown under diffuse glass. Christien Sauviller Research Centre Hoogstraten Meerle, Belgium Bell peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) grown under diffuse glass Christien Sauviller Research Centre Hoogstraten Meerle, Belgium Pepper production in Belgium Bell pepper: red, green, yellow, orange Heated greenhouse

More information

Common Name: ALABAMA LEATHER FLOWER. Scientific Name: Clematis socialis Kral. Other Commonly Used Names: none. Previously Used Scientific Names: none

Common Name: ALABAMA LEATHER FLOWER. Scientific Name: Clematis socialis Kral. Other Commonly Used Names: none. Previously Used Scientific Names: none Common Name: ALABAMA LEATHER FLOWER Scientific Name: Clematis socialis Kral Other Commonly Used Names: none Previously Used Scientific Names: none Family: Ranunculaceae (buttercup) Rarity Ranks: G1/S1

More information

Research Background: Weedy radish is considered one of the world s

Research Background: Weedy radish is considered one of the world s Fast weeds in farmer's fields Featured scientists: Ashley Carroll from Gull Lake Middle School and Jeff Conner from the Kellogg Biological Station at Michigan State University Research Background: Weeds

More information

Boma Monitoring Data Sheet

Boma Monitoring Data Sheet Page 1 - Data collected only once Starting Conditions Date: Observer name: Photo of area? In the general area AROUND the new boma site (within 100m of site): Soil surface rockiness: rock Less than 50 loose

More information

Introduction Methods

Introduction Methods Introduction The Allium paradoxum, common name few flowered leek, is a wild garlic distributed in woodland areas largely in the East of Britain (Preston et al., 2002). In 1823 the A. paradoxum was brought

More information

To study the effects of four different levels of fertilizer NPK nutrients, applied at a ratio of N:P 2

To study the effects of four different levels of fertilizer NPK nutrients, applied at a ratio of N:P 2 98 E4 Effect of different levels of fertilizer NPK nutrients on growth, yield and economic parameters of coffea arabica (V. catimor) grown on the ferralitic soils of entral ighlands, Vietnam Objective

More information

EFFECT OF COMBINED NITROGEN ON GROWTH AND NODULATION OF TWO MUNGBEAN (VIGNA RADIATA [L.] WILCZEK) CULTIVARS

EFFECT OF COMBINED NITROGEN ON GROWTH AND NODULATION OF TWO MUNGBEAN (VIGNA RADIATA [L.] WILCZEK) CULTIVARS Journal of Research (Science), Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan. Vol.15, No.1, June 2004, pp. 67-72 ISSN 1021-1012 EFFECT OF COMBINED NITROGEN ON GROWTH AND NODULATION OF TWO MUNGBEAN (VIGNA

More information

Porcelain Berry Identification, Ecology, and Control in the UW-Madison Lakeshore Nature Preserve

Porcelain Berry Identification, Ecology, and Control in the UW-Madison Lakeshore Nature Preserve Porcelain Berry Identification, Ecology, and Control in the UW-Madison Lakeshore Nature Preserve Porcelain berry Ampelopsis brevipedunculata A perennial, deciduous woody vine in the grape family that can

More information

Stand structure and aridity alter tree mortality risk in Nevada s PJ woodlands

Stand structure and aridity alter tree mortality risk in Nevada s PJ woodlands Stand structure and aridity alter tree mortality risk in Nevada s PJ woodlands Sam Flake and Peter Weisberg Dept. of Natural Resource and Env. Science, Univ. Nevada, Reno 10/12/2016 Pinyon-Juniper Symposium

More information

Warm Season Vegetables

Warm Season Vegetables Warm Season Vegetables Fabaceae - The Bean Family The Bean Family Formerly know as Leguminosae and called legumes A large family that ranges from frost tolerant to warm season plants Fruit is a single

More information

The Three Sisters. Curriculum Unit Presented by Virginia AITC

The Three Sisters. Curriculum Unit Presented by Virginia AITC The Three Sisters urriculum Unit Presented by Virginia AIT www.agintheclass.org The Three Sisters: Background Knowledge Native Americans adapted to their environment and used a variety of agricultural

More information

Combining Ability Analysis for Yield and Morphological Traits in Crosses Among Elite Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Lines

Combining Ability Analysis for Yield and Morphological Traits in Crosses Among Elite Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Lines Combining Ability Analysis for Yield and Morphological Traits in Crosses Among Elite Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Lines Ashenafi Ayano*, Sentayehu Alamirew, and Abush Tesfaye *Corresponding author E-mail:

More information

Invasive Plant Species of Big Island

Invasive Plant Species of Big Island Invasive Plant Species of Big Island Isabella Will Pathfinder Hawaii Trip 2018 1 2 While on the Big Island: We should be able to see some of these invasive plants, possibly even in environments where they

More information

BEANS FOR THE TENNESSEE VEGETABLE GARDEN

BEANS FOR THE TENNESSEE VEGETABLE GARDEN Department of Plant Sciences D 58 BEANS FOR THE TENNESSEE VEGETABLE GARDEN August 2018 Natalie Bumgarner, Residential and Consumer Horticulture Extension Specialist Department of Plant Sciences Crop Description

More information

7. LOCALIZATION OF FRUIT ON THE TREE, BRANCH GIRDLING AND FRUIT THINNING

7. LOCALIZATION OF FRUIT ON THE TREE, BRANCH GIRDLING AND FRUIT THINNING The Division of Subtropical Agriculture. The Volcani Institute of Agricultural Research 1960-1969. Section B. Avocado. Pg 60-68. 7. LOCALIZATION OF FRUIT ON THE TREE, BRANCH GIRDLING AND FRUIT THINNING

More information

Effect of Storage Period and Ga3 Soaking of Bulbs on Growth, Flowering and Flower Yield of Tuberose (Polianthes Tuberosa L.) Cv.

Effect of Storage Period and Ga3 Soaking of Bulbs on Growth, Flowering and Flower Yield of Tuberose (Polianthes Tuberosa L.) Cv. Vol.5 No. 1, 28-32 (2016) Received: Sept.2015; Accepted: Jan, 2016 Effect of Storage Period and Ga3 Soaking of Bulbs on Growth, Flowering and Flower Yield of Tuberose (Polianthes Tuberosa L.) Cv. Double

More information

Chrysophyllum venezuelanense Question number Question Answer Score 1.01 Is the species highly domesticated? n 0

Chrysophyllum venezuelanense Question number Question Answer Score 1.01 Is the species highly domesticated? n 0 Australia/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for United States. Data used for analysis published in: Gordon, D.R. and C.A. Gantz. 2008. Potential impacts on the horticultural industry of screening

More information

WALNUT HEDGEROW PRUNING AND TRAINING TRIAL 2010

WALNUT HEDGEROW PRUNING AND TRAINING TRIAL 2010 WALNUT HEDGEROW PRUNING AND TRAINING TRIAL 2010 Carolyn DeBuse, John Edstrom, Janine Hasey, and Bruce Lampinen ABSTRACT Hedgerow walnut orchards have been studied since the 1970s as a high density system

More information

OVERSEEDING EASTERN GAMAGRASS WITH COOL-SEASON GRASSES OR GRASS- LEGUME MIXTURES. Abstract

OVERSEEDING EASTERN GAMAGRASS WITH COOL-SEASON GRASSES OR GRASS- LEGUME MIXTURES. Abstract OVERSEEDING EASTERN GAMAGRASS WITH COOL-SEASON GRASSES OR GRASS- LEGUME MIXTURES K.M. Bennett 1, M.K. Mullenix 1, J.J. Tucker 2, J.S. Angle 3, R.B. Muntifering 1, and J. Yeager 4 Abstract Overseeding Eastern

More information

Monitoring the Spread of Magnolia kobus within the Royal Botanical Gardens Nature Sanctuaries. Katherine Moesker October 14, 2015

Monitoring the Spread of Magnolia kobus within the Royal Botanical Gardens Nature Sanctuaries. Katherine Moesker October 14, 2015 Monitoring the Spread of Magnolia kobus within the Royal Botanical Gardens Nature Sanctuaries Katherine Moesker October 14, 2015 Magnolia kobus at RBG Thousands of Magnolia kobus plants (also known as

More information

Unit E: Fruit and Nut Production. Lesson 6: Production of Pomegranate

Unit E: Fruit and Nut Production. Lesson 6: Production of Pomegranate Unit E: Fruit and Nut Production Lesson 6: Production of Pomegranate 1 Terms Aril 2 I. Punica granatum is commonly referred to as pomegranate. A. The pomegranate originated in areas around Afghanistan

More information

Non-native Weeds in the South Pasadena Nature Park - #1. Barbara Eisenstein, 2012

Non-native Weeds in the South Pasadena Nature Park - #1. Barbara Eisenstein, 2012 Non-native Weeds in the South Pasadena Nature Park - #1 Powerpoint Presentation and Photographs by Barbara Eisenstein, October 23, 2012 To identify plants use some of your senses (and your common sense):

More information

SOYBEAN INOCULATION TRIAL Bob Henson

SOYBEAN INOCULATION TRIAL Bob Henson SOYBEAN INOCULATION TRIAL Bob Henson A field experiment was conducted at the North Dakota State University Carrington Research Extension Center to evaluate the response of soybean to commercial and experimental

More information

Effect of Charcoal Application to Early Growth Stage of Acaia mangium

Effect of Charcoal Application to Early Growth Stage of Acaia mangium Effect of Charcoal Application to Early Growth Stage of Acaia mangium Carbon Fixing Forests Management in Indonesia Chairil Anwar Siregar, Nobuo Ishibashi, Tsuyosi Kato, N.M. Herianto, and Kazuya Ando

More information

Legume and Cool-Season Grass Mixtures: A Demonstration Planting in Perkins County, South Dakota

Legume and Cool-Season Grass Mixtures: A Demonstration Planting in Perkins County, South Dakota January 2019 FINAL REPORT DEMONSTRATION PLANTING Bismarck Plant Materials Center, Bismarck, ND Legume and Cool-Season Grass Mixtures: A Demonstration Planting in Perkins County, South Dakota INTRODUCTION

More information

Cocculus laurifolius (cocculus)

Cocculus laurifolius (cocculus) Australia/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for Florida. Data used for analysis published in: Gordon, D.R., D.A. Onderdonk, A.M. Fox, R.K. Stocker, and C. Gantz. 28. Predicting Invasive Plants in

More information

Growing Pigeon Peas. Cajanus Cajun

Growing Pigeon Peas. Cajanus Cajun Growing Pigeon Peas Cajanus Cajun Pigeon pea would have to be one of the most versatile permaculture plants. I started growing this legume shrub in my garden because it improves soil fertility by fixing

More information

Seeding and Reseeding of Cool-Season Forages in North Florida. G. M. Prine 1. Introduction

Seeding and Reseeding of Cool-Season Forages in North Florida. G. M. Prine 1. Introduction Seeding and Reseeding of Cool-Season Forages in North Florida G. M. Prine 1 Introduction Cool-season forages are seeded on temporary pastures or perennial summer grass sods during the fall in North Florida.

More information

NAME OF CONTRIBUTOR(S) AND THEIR AGENCY:

NAME OF CONTRIBUTOR(S) AND THEIR AGENCY: TITLE OF PROJECT: Evaluation of Topaz (propiconazole) for transplant size control and earlier maturity of processing tomato. NAME OF CONTRIBUTOR(S) AND THEIR AGENCY: J.W. Zandstra, Ridgetown College, University

More information

Coffea arabica, Coffea canephora or Coffea robusta, Coffea liberica.

Coffea arabica, Coffea canephora or Coffea robusta, Coffea liberica. Coffee Coffea arabica, Coffea canephora or Coffea robusta, Coffea liberica. (a) Coffea robusta (b) Coffea arabica Common names Kahveh, caffè, qahwah, Kaffa, Origin Native to tropical and southern Africa

More information

Identification & Management of White Pine Blister Rust

Identification & Management of White Pine Blister Rust Identification & Management of White Pine Blister Rust Holly Kearns USDA Forest Service Forest Health Protection Sandy, Oregon A rust fungus Cronartium ribicola Complex life cycle What is White Pine Blister

More information

Optimum Plant Population Density for Chickpea In a Semiarid Environment

Optimum Plant Population Density for Chickpea In a Semiarid Environment Optimum Plant Population Density for Chickpea In a Semiarid Environment Y. Gan 1, P. R. Miller 2, B. G. McConkey 1, R. P. Zentner 1, and C. L. McDonald 1 1 Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Centre,

More information

Three Sisters Garden. Grade Level(s) Estimated Time. Purpose. Materials. Essential Files (maps, charts, pictures, or documents) 3-5

Three Sisters Garden. Grade Level(s) Estimated Time. Purpose. Materials. Essential Files (maps, charts, pictures, or documents) 3-5 Three Sisters Garden Grade Level(s) 3-5 Estimated Time 60 minutes and on-going observation depending on planting situation. Purpose Students will investigate the "three sisters" crops (corn, beans, and

More information

Overseeding Rhizoma Perennial Peanut Pasture and Hay Fields during the Cool Season 1

Overseeding Rhizoma Perennial Peanut Pasture and Hay Fields during the Cool Season 1 SS-AGR-426 Overseeding Rhizoma Perennial Peanut Pasture and Hay Fields during the Cool Season 1 Jose Dubeux, Cheryl Mackowiak, Ann Blount, David Wright, and Luana Dantas 2 Introduction Rhizoma perennial

More information

Slide 1. Slide 2. Slide 3

Slide 1. Slide 2. Slide 3 Slide 1 Our Learning Garden Grade 4 Lesson 1 4 Lesson Summary Lesson 1 Begins examining the concept of heliotropism (sunflowers follow the sun) and exploring how solar panels mirror the behavior of sun

More information

Study of Forage Productivity and Chemical Composition of Winter Vetch (Vicia villosa R.) under Optimization of the Factors of Sowing Time and Rate

Study of Forage Productivity and Chemical Composition of Winter Vetch (Vicia villosa R.) under Optimization of the Factors of Sowing Time and Rate 447 Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 12 (2006), 447-454 National Centre for Agrarian Sciences Study of Forage Productivity and Chemical Composition of Winter Vetch (Vicia villosa R.) under Optimization

More information

Cupania cinerea Question number Question Answer Score 1.01 Is the species highly domesticated? n 0

Cupania cinerea Question number Question Answer Score 1.01 Is the species highly domesticated? n 0 Australia/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for United States. Data used for analysis published in: Gordon, D.R. and C.A. Gantz. 2008. Potential impacts on the horticultural industry of screening

More information

Plant Propagation Protocol for Thermopsis gracilis ESRM 412 Native Plant Production Spring Thermopolis gracilis Howell (THGR6)

Plant Propagation Protocol for Thermopsis gracilis ESRM 412 Native Plant Production Spring Thermopolis gracilis Howell (THGR6) Plant Propagation Protocol for Thermopsis gracilis ESRM 412 Native Plant Production Spring 2015 Thermopolis gracilis Howell (THGR6) Thermopsis gracilis Howell var. gracilis Thermopsis gracilis Howell var.

More information

Gray Flycatcher Empidonax wrightii

Gray Flycatcher Empidonax wrightii Photo by Fred Petersen Habitat Use Profile Habitats Used in Nevada Pinyon-Juniper Sagebrush Montane Shrubland Key Habitat Parameters Plant Composition Pinyon pine, juniper, tall sagebrush species, bitterbrush,

More information

L Hérit. ex DC. Fabaceae - Papilionoideae. Pterocarpus santalinoides

L Hérit. ex DC. Fabaceae - Papilionoideae. Pterocarpus santalinoides LOCAL NAMES French (ouokisse); Hausa (gyadar kurmi,gunduru); Igbo (nturukpa); Yoruba (gbengbe) BOTANIC DESCRIPTION Pterocarpus santalinoides is a tree 9-12 m tall, 1 m DBH, with low straggling branches.

More information

Recommended Resources: The following resources may be useful in teaching

Recommended Resources: The following resources may be useful in teaching Unit E: Fruit and Nut Production Lesson 6: Production of Pomegranate Student Learning Objectives: Instruction in this lesson should result in students achieving the following objectives: 1. Discuss the

More information

A.P. Environmental Science. Partners. Mark and Recapture Lab addi. Estimating Population Size

A.P. Environmental Science. Partners. Mark and Recapture Lab addi. Estimating Population Size Name A.P. Environmental Science Date Mr. Romano Partners Mark and Recapture Lab addi Estimating Population Size Problem: How can the population size of a mobile organism be measured? Introduction: One

More information

! " Alternatives to Ash: Native Trees for Southern Wisconsin" Compiled by the UW Madison Arboretum! January, 2014!

!  Alternatives to Ash: Native Trees for Southern Wisconsin Compiled by the UW Madison Arboretum! January, 2014! " Alternatives to Ash: Native Trees for Southern Wisconsin" Compiled by the UW Madison Arboretum January, 2014 The UW Madison Arboretum recommends planting native tree species to replace ash trees (Fraxinus

More information

Potential of Three Tropical Legumes for Rotation of Corn-Based Cropping System in Thailand

Potential of Three Tropical Legumes for Rotation of Corn-Based Cropping System in Thailand Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 44 : 14-19 (21) Potential of Three Tropical Legumes for Rotation of Corn-Based Cropping System in Thailand Sukum Chotechaungmanirat ABSTRACT This study was an attempt to search

More information

Pea Leaf Weevil : Sitona lineatus Linnaeus Monitoring Protocol

Pea Leaf Weevil : Sitona lineatus Linnaeus Monitoring Protocol Pea Leaf Weevil : Sitona lineatus Linnaeus Monitoring Protocol Host plants: Plants belong to the family Leguminaceae including cultivated and wild legume species and specifically dry beans, faba beans

More information

Influence of GA 3 Sizing Sprays on Ruby Seedless

Influence of GA 3 Sizing Sprays on Ruby Seedless University of California Tulare County Cooperative Extension Influence of GA 3 Sizing Sprays on Ruby Seedless Pub. TB8-97 Introduction: The majority of Ruby Seedless table grapes grown and marketed over

More information

Effect of Planting Date and Maturity Group on Soybean Yield in the Texas South Plains in 2001

Effect of Planting Date and Maturity Group on Soybean Yield in the Texas South Plains in 2001 Effect of Planting Date and Maturity Group on Soybean Yield in the Texas South Plains in 2001 Calvin Trostle, Extension Agronomy, Lubbock, (806) 746-6101, c-trostle@tamu.edu Brent Bean, Extension Agronomy,

More information

Nutrient uptake, N fixation and release from soybean pea and lentil in Saskatchewan soils. Jing Xie, Jeff Schoenau, Tom Warkentin

Nutrient uptake, N fixation and release from soybean pea and lentil in Saskatchewan soils. Jing Xie, Jeff Schoenau, Tom Warkentin Nutrient uptake, N fixation and release from soybean pea and lentil in Saskatchewan soils Jing Xie, Jeff Schoenau, Tom Warkentin Canadian national soybean acreage, 2005 to 2014 (Statistics Canada) Mainly

More information

Final Report. TITLE: Developing Methods for Use of Own-rooted Vitis vinifera Vines in Michigan Vineyards

Final Report. TITLE: Developing Methods for Use of Own-rooted Vitis vinifera Vines in Michigan Vineyards Final Report TITLE: Developing Methods for Use of Own-rooted Vitis vinifera Vines in Michigan Vineyards PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Thomas J. Zabadal OBJECTIVES: (1) To determine the ability to culture varieties

More information

Understanding Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium in Grapes. R. Paul Schreiner USDA - ARS - HCRL Corvallis, OR

Understanding Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium in Grapes. R. Paul Schreiner USDA - ARS - HCRL Corvallis, OR Understanding Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium in Grapes R. Paul Schreiner USDA - ARS - HCRL Corvallis, OR Research Profile Schreiner Lab Root Physiology in Grapes Defining & Characterizing AMF Diversity

More information

TAXONOMY Plant Family. Species. Scientific Name GENERAL INFORMATION

TAXONOMY Plant Family. Species. Scientific Name GENERAL INFORMATION Plant Propagation Protocol for Lupinus amphibius ESRM 412 Native Plant Production Protocol URL: https://courses.washington.edu/esrm412/protocols/luam2.pdf 3 TAXONOMY Plant Family Scientific Name Common

More information

Common Name: VIRGINIA SPIRAEA. Scientific Name: Spiraea virginiana Britton. Other Commonly Used Names: Appalachian spiraea

Common Name: VIRGINIA SPIRAEA. Scientific Name: Spiraea virginiana Britton. Other Commonly Used Names: Appalachian spiraea Common Name: VIRGINIA SPIRAEA Scientific Name: Spiraea virginiana Britton Other Commonly Used Names: Appalachian spiraea Previously Used Scientific Names: none Family: Rosaceae (rose) Rarity Ranks: G2/S1

More information

Teacher Background Information

Teacher Background Information In celebration of the United Nations declaring 2016 The Year of Pulses, Manitoba Pulse and Soybean Growers and Agriculture in the Classroom MB have created some curriculum linked resources that we invite

More information

Nutrient Management With Cover Crops. Darryl Warncke Department of Crop & Soil Sciences Michigan State University

Nutrient Management With Cover Crops. Darryl Warncke Department of Crop & Soil Sciences Michigan State University Nutrient Management With Cover Crops Darryl Warncke Department of Crop & Soil Sciences Nutrient Management and Crop Covers Cycle nutrients Surface Subsoil Improve nutrient available Root exudates Decomposing

More information

Mangifera griffithii Question number Question Answer Score 1.01 Is the species highly domesticated? n 0

Mangifera griffithii Question number Question Answer Score 1.01 Is the species highly domesticated? n 0 Australia/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for United States. Data used for analysis published in: Gordon, D.R. and C.A. Gantz. 2008. Potential impacts on the horticultural industry of screening

More information

IMPACT OF OVERSEEDING COOL-SEASON ANNUAL FORAGES ON SPRING REGROWTH OF TIFTON 85 BERMUDAGRASS 1. Abstract

IMPACT OF OVERSEEDING COOL-SEASON ANNUAL FORAGES ON SPRING REGROWTH OF TIFTON 85 BERMUDAGRASS 1. Abstract ID # 07-10 IMPACT OF OVERSEEDING COOL-SEASON ANNUAL FORAGES ON SPRING REGROWTH OF TIFTON 85 BERMUDAGRASS 1 1 Financial Support by FAPESP and CNPq R.A. Reis 2, L.E. Sollenberger 3 and D. Urbano 3 2 UNESP-FCAV,

More information

GLOSSARY Last Updated: 10/17/ KL. Terms and Definitions

GLOSSARY Last Updated: 10/17/ KL. Terms and Definitions GLOSSARY Last Updated: 10/17/2017 - KL Terms and Definitions Spacing 4ETa Zone(s) Background Drill Elevation Climate Soil Ecoregion 4 Recommended base spacing between containerized, cutting, plug or sprig

More information

Spices of the World. Spices Drove Exploration. An Overview. Major voyages of exploration in search of spices Pepper and Clove

Spices of the World. Spices Drove Exploration. An Overview. Major voyages of exploration in search of spices Pepper and Clove Spices of the World An Overview Spices Drove Exploration Major voyages of exploration in search of spices and Clove High demand in Europe Very valuable commodity Find and control source Spices Important

More information

INCREASING PICK TO PACK TIMES INCREASES RIPE ROTS IN 'HASS' AVOCADOS.

INCREASING PICK TO PACK TIMES INCREASES RIPE ROTS IN 'HASS' AVOCADOS. : 43-50 INCREASING PICK TO PACK TIMES INCREASES RIPE ROTS IN 'HASS' AVOCADOS. J. Dixon, T.A. Elmlsy, D.B. Smith and H.A. Pak Avocado Industry Council Ltd, P.O. Box 13267, Tauranga 3110 Corresponding author:

More information

HISTORY USES AND HEALTH BENEFITS. Figure 31. Nanking cherries

HISTORY USES AND HEALTH BENEFITS. Figure 31. Nanking cherries nanking cherries Nanking cherries (Prunus tomentosa) are shrubs that grow from three feet up to ten feet tall with twigs that usually occupy an area twice as wide as the plant is tall. Up to 20 canes can

More information

Climate change and its mitigation in sustainable coffee production JOSEPH K KIMEMIA COFFEE RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Climate change and its mitigation in sustainable coffee production JOSEPH K KIMEMIA COFFEE RESEARCH INSTITUTE Climate change and its mitigation in sustainable coffee production JOSEPH K KIMEMIA COFFEE RESEARCH INSTITUTE Introduction Climate change is any substantial change in Earth s climate that lasts for an

More information

AVOCADO FARMING. Introduction

AVOCADO FARMING. Introduction AVOCADO FARMING Introduction Avocado is an important commercial fruit in Kenya both for local and export markets. The fruit is highly nutritious - rich in proteins and cholesterol free. Both large-scale

More information

Avocado Farming. Common varieties grown in Kenya

Avocado Farming. Common varieties grown in Kenya Avocado Farming Introduction Avocado is an important commercial fruit in Kenya both for local and export markets. The fruit is highly nutritious fruit rich in proteins and cholesterol free. Both large-scale

More information

Comparing canola and lupin varieties by time of sowing in the Northern Agricultural Region

Comparing canola and lupin varieties by time of sowing in the Northern Agricultural Region Comparing canola and lupin varieties by time of sowing in the Northern Agricultural Region Martin Harries and Greg Shea, DPIRD Key messages Lupin yielded 3.0 t/ha and canola 2.0 t/ha from late May emergence.

More information

Department of Soi1 Science, College of Agriculture, G.B.P.U.A.& T., Pantnagar

Department of Soi1 Science, College of Agriculture, G.B.P.U.A.& T., Pantnagar Scientific registration n o : 1560 Symposium n o : 10 Presentation: poster Response of soybean to native rhizoblal population of a mollisol of nainital Tarai Réponse du soja aux populations rhizobiennes

More information

Edible Weed Cards. Purslane or Pigweed (Portulaca olerace) Identifying characteristics. Interesting facts. Uses. Garden Resource

Edible Weed Cards. Purslane or Pigweed (Portulaca olerace) Identifying characteristics. Interesting facts. Uses. Garden Resource Edible Weed Cards Purslane or Pigweed (Portulaca olerace) Succulent ground cover with small oval-shaped waxy leaves. This weed grows in any soil type in both sun and shade, making it an ideal edible ground

More information

Permanent Wildlife Plantings

Permanent Wildlife Plantings Forest Management Sheet WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT http://texasforestservice.tamu.edu Permanent Wildlife Plantings PURPOSE: Permanent wildlife plantings improve wildlife forage and edge effect in woodlands by

More information

Specific mediterranean characteristics. Mediterranean climate

Specific mediterranean characteristics. Mediterranean climate Effect of global warming in mediterranean conditions Climate change - Average temperatures increase and efficient rainfalls decrease Consequences for vines and grapes - Shortening of phenologic stages

More information

THE POTENTIAL FOR NEMATODE PROBLEMS IN AUSTRALIA S DEVELOPING SOYBEAN INDUSTRY. Graham Stirling

THE POTENTIAL FOR NEMATODE PROBLEMS IN AUSTRALIA S DEVELOPING SOYBEAN INDUSTRY. Graham Stirling THE POTENTIAL FOR NEMATODE PROBLEMS IN AUSTRALIA S DEVELOPING SOYBEAN INDUSTRY Graham Stirling Nematodes have the potential to become serious pests of soybean AIM OF TALK Create awareness of three important

More information

Plant growth-promoting potentials of sweet sorghum bagasse compost. S. Gopalakrishnan Principal Scientist (Microbiology) ICRISAT DO NOT COPY

Plant growth-promoting potentials of sweet sorghum bagasse compost. S. Gopalakrishnan Principal Scientist (Microbiology) ICRISAT DO NOT COPY Plant growth-promoting potentials of sweet sorghum bagasse compost S. Gopalakrishnan Principal Scientist (Microbiology) ICRISAT Introduction Sweet sorghum is a major feed stock for both sugar based (1G)

More information

Do lower yields on the vine always make for better wine?

Do lower yields on the vine always make for better wine? Grape and wine quality Increasing quality Do lower yields on the vine always make for better wine? Nick Dokoozlian Viticulture, & Enology E&J Gallo ry Do lower yields on the vine always make for better

More information

Goodban Ecological Consulting Inc.

Goodban Ecological Consulting Inc. Goodban Ecological Consulting Inc. 879 Cabot Trail, Milton, Ontario L9T 3W4 Phone: (905) 693-9064 e-mail: anthony.goodban@sympatico.ca January 30, 2013 Ms. Melinda Thompson-Black: Species at Risk Biologist

More information

Warm-Season Annual Legumes: Past, Present, and Future

Warm-Season Annual Legumes: Past, Present, and Future Warm-Season Annual Legumes: Past, Present, and Future Forage Legume Conference 2018 Joao Vendramini Forage Specialist Outline Introduction Aeschynomene Cowpea Sunnhemp Final Remarks Introduction The predominance

More information

What s That Bloomin Thing?

What s That Bloomin Thing? What s That Bloomin Thing? By: Namir Damluji Albizia julibrissin Pink Silk Tree Mimosa Scientific Name Family: Fabaceae Genus: Albizia Species: A. julibrissin Common: Mimosa, Silk Tree The genus is named

More information

Evergreen Huckleberry Vaccinium ovatum

Evergreen Huckleberry Vaccinium ovatum Evergreen Huckleberry Vaccinium ovatum Evergreen huckleberry grows at low elevations from British Columbia, through Washington and Oregon, and south into California. Evergreen huckleberry is an erect,

More information

Current research status and strategic challenges on the black coffee twig borer, Xylosandrus compactus in Uganda

Current research status and strategic challenges on the black coffee twig borer, Xylosandrus compactus in Uganda Current research status and strategic challenges on the black coffee twig borer, Xylosandrus compactus in Uganda Dr. Godfrey Kagezi (PhD) Senior Research Officer/Plant Entomologst National Coffee Research

More information

Invasive Woody Plant Replacement List

Invasive Woody Plant Replacement List Invasive Woody Plant Replacement List Why replace buckthorn and honeysuckle in your yard? Woody invasive plants, such as common and glossy buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica and Rhamnus frangula) or Eurasian

More information

Macro nutrient accumulation and requirement of Hass avocado trees

Macro nutrient accumulation and requirement of Hass avocado trees South African Avocado Growers Association Yearbook 2000. 23:56-62 Macro nutrient accumulation and requirement of Hass avocado trees B Snijder and PJC Stassen Institute for Tropical and Subtropical Crops,

More information

California Buckwheat ( Eriogonum fasciculatum San Diego Horned Lizard Stephen s Kangaroo Rat (1) White Sage ( Salvia apiana

California Buckwheat ( Eriogonum fasciculatum San Diego Horned Lizard Stephen s Kangaroo Rat (1) White Sage ( Salvia apiana California Buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum) I am a common and native shrub to the Coastal Sage Scrub habitat. I provide hiding places for the San Diego Horned Lizard to stay safe and cool and I am food

More information

WATER AND SOIL PROPERTIES. ExPERImENTAL PROCEdURE

WATER AND SOIL PROPERTIES. ExPERImENTAL PROCEdURE M A S T E R 2.1 WATER AND SOIL PROPERTIES SETTING Up THE ExPERImENT 1. Using the marking pen, draw a line on each straw 2 cm from the bottom. Draw a second line 7 cm above the first line. 2. Cover one

More information

Forest Pathology in New Zealand No. 22 (Second Edition 2010) Lupin blight. Monique Williams

Forest Pathology in New Zealand No. 22 (Second Edition 2010) Lupin blight. Monique Williams Forest Pathology in New Zealand No. 22 (Second Edition 2010) Lupin blight Monique Williams (Revised by M.A. Dick) Fig. 1 - Shoot of Lupinus arboreus showing crooked and twisted tip caused by Colletotrichum

More information

ACCORDING to the USDA Agricultural

ACCORDING to the USDA Agricultural Growing Soybeans ACCORDING to the USDA Agricultural Statistics Service, 63.3 million acres of soybeans were harvested in the United States during 2007. The harvest resulted in 2,585,207,000 bushels. These

More information

Perennial Vegetables. Plant once and eat for decades! Beth Doerr ECHO Symposium, Arusha

Perennial Vegetables. Plant once and eat for decades! Beth Doerr ECHO Symposium, Arusha Perennial Vegetables Plant once and eat for decades! Beth Doerr ECHO Symposium, Arusha Perennial Vegetables Perennials: plants that live for at least 3 years Vegetables: edible and tasty and typically

More information