PD Resistant Winegrapes Nearing Release

Transcription

1 PD Resistant Winegrapes Nearing Release Andrew Walker, Alan Tenscher, Summaira Riaz, Cecilia Agüero, Rong Hu, Nina Romero Support from CDFA PD/GWSS Board, Consolidated Central Valley Table Grape Pest and Disease Control District, the AVF, and the Louis P. Martini Endowed Chair Funds

2 PD Resistance Breeding Lenoir (Jacquez, Black Spanish) a V. aestivalis x V. vinifera hybrid 100s of years of breeding hindered by mulitgenic resistance Blanc du Bois We discovered single dominant gene resistance in V. arizonica (b43-17) genetic mapping for Marker- Assisted Selection (MAS) and physical mapping identified members of a Serine Threonine Kinase- Leucine Rich Repeat R gene family

3 Testing PdR1 Cecilia Agüero New gene constructs being prepared with grape promoters.

4 Breeding Objectives Develop large seedling populations at the 97% vinifera level in diverse, high quality vinifera winegrape backgrounds Intercross advanced high quality selections with Xf resistance from other resistance sources Use and map multigenic resistances V. arizonica/ girdiana b42-26 and others Characterize additional unique resistances to make broadly and durably resistant varieties

5 Marker-Assisted Selection for PdR1 DNA extracted from seedlings Aggressive growing techniques to get flowers and fruit in year 2 Two year cycle with marker-assisted selection (MAS) Select for lack of symptoms and low bacterial levels F1 = 50% vinifera; BC1 = 75%; BC2 = 88%; BC3 = 94%; BC4 = 97% Optimizes classical breeding not GMOs

6 Proven Potential of Classical Breeding F to 97% vinifera in about 12 yrs From peppery, herbaceous wines with blue-purple pigments to high quality vinifera characters

7 Field Testing PD Resistant Selections Wines have been made compared with wine from classic vinifera cultivars made at the same small scale 75%, 88% and 94% vinifera at Beringer/Yountville along the Napa River have been inoculated multiple times Small scale wines have been made since 2010 with Davis and Napa fruit 88% and 94% in Fredericksburg TX, and Auburn AL (88%) new plots in Temecula, Napa (2X), Texas and Alabama

8 Napa PdR1b (94% vinifera) vs pure vinifera

9 Wine Tastings Need six 3-year-old trellised vines for 90 to 150lbs of fruit 2010 small scale 88% vinifera wines 2011 small scale 88 and 94% vinifera wines Davis, Sonoma 2012 small scale 94% as blending varieties Davis 2x, Healdsburg, Temecula, Napa 2x 2013 and 2014 small scale 97% vinifera wines

10 PD Resistant Selections at FPS 15 wine grape selections Four 94% vinifera reds (last vinifera parents: Chardonnay 1; Lacrima Christi 1; Petite Sirah 2) and three whites (Cab Sav x Carignane) Eight 97% vinifera reds (last parents: Cabernet Sauvignon - 1; Zinfandel - 3; Chardonnay 4) Multiple vine trials in Davis and Yountville wines made from most of the selections Three rootstocks: x F (1) and this F1 crossed to GRN4 (2)

11 First Release % vinifera; PdR1b; red wine var., 3 yrs of wine; Multi-vine trials in Davis and Napa Performs well in repeated greenhouse screening

12 ; U ; U % vinifera; PdR1b; red wine var., 3 yrs of wine; Multi-vine trials in Davis and Napa Performs well in repeated greenhouse screening

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15 Stacking PD Resistance Lines 2006 & 2008 crossed PdR1a x PdR1b no decrease in mean ELISA levels crossed 97% vinifera PdR1b x 75% vinifera b42-26 lines to create 86% vinifera 2014 crossed 97% vinifera PdR1b x 88% vinifera b42-26 line to create ~ 92% vinifera

16 Next Phase of the Breeding Program Discover, characterize, map and stack new resistance sources b42-26, b40-14 and BD5-117 Greenhouse testing results; lowest possible ELISA readings; taxonomic and geographic relationships e es s Ocor ee R ( e R s A / ss t a s i e O/c gcno0 i i t a Onr / oto/c i s t a Onr / O2c i i t a e /gc gsngr t a c2r OSnSo 2/c t a Onr / ot/2c R t a /pc s et a Or c

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18 2014 Combining PD and powdery mildew resistance

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20 Thanks!