Ohio Grape-Wine Electronic Newsletter

Transcription

1 UH Ohio Grape-Wine Electronic Newsletter Editor: David Scurlock, Viticulture Outreach Specialist Department of Horticulture and Crop Science Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center 1680 Madison Avenue Wooster, OH HUwww.oardc.ohio-state.edu/grapeweb/ 29 July 2016 (17) Content: Disease It s Half Time.How are the Disease Issues in Your Vineyard Viticulture OARDC Vineyard Update Crop Estimation AARS Grape Field Day and Grape Twilight Tour 2016 Pest of the Month Insects Spotted Lantern Fly

2 Wine Gilbert Stoewsand Interesting Items Hail Hits Northern Michigan Above Normal Temperatures Forecasted Through October Sprayer Technology Field Day, Thursday August 16, 3-7pm, Wooster, Ohio Know Your OSU Grape and Wine Experts

3 It s Half Time. How are the Disease Issues in Your Vineyard? by Dave Scurlock, OSU/OARDC Viticulture Outreach Specialist It should be a disease free year or should it? We all know about the critical period to spray for disease to prevent them right? Immediately prebloom and it wet years we like to keep a 7 day spray interval. In a dry spring, when does that ever occur, we can push the spray interval out to 7 to 10 days with a max of 14 days, but you are probably pushing the envelope? Now the backbone to our spray program in Ohio has always been and still is Mancozeb. Mancozeb can be purchased under several different names such as Penncozeb, Manzate or even Dithane. All of these are pretty much the same chemical, but be sure to read the label thoroughly on every product that you use. Our spray guides are good reference materials, but the label is the law. If there are any discrepancies between the Spray Guide and the Label, trust the label. Mancozeb or one of its relatives provides protection from 4 of the 5 main diseases that we are trying to prevent like black rot, phomopsis, anthracnose and downy. The other disease that we are trying to prevent early in the season is powdery mildew. Powdery mildew does not need water to germinate. It actually enjoys it hot and dry. If you are growing non-sulfur sensitive varieties such as vinifera, then sulfur plus Mancozeb sprayed at the right time intervals, right rates and with good coverage should prevent all of these diseases from rearing their heads in July. If you are growing most French hybrids or American varieties, then you will have to substitute something for the sulfur like JMS Stylet Oil, Quintec or Endura and the list goes on. We have very few fungicides that have kick back action, the ability to kill and infection, so we try to keep the foliage and fruit covered to prevent germination of the spores into the leaves, shoots or fruits. This is not a one spray and done operation. The recommendations are if you are getting close to a spray interval and it is going to rain, then you probably want to put on a spray ahead of the rain. If you get 2 inches or more of rain during your spray interval, your protection is gone and you are open for an infection. I know that probably most individuals do not know or check the ph of their water supply, but this also is an area that can have a drastic effect on the efficacy (effectiveness) of the spray material. Chemicals need to be rotated to avoid resistance. No more than 2 sprays of any material should be used without rotating to a chemical with a different mode of action or FRAC code. These codes ensure that you are using a chemical that kills that same fungus, but just doing it differently, because we all know those spores are smart. Also we always want to apply chemicals at the recommended rates to make sure we are killing the spores. A lower than recommended rate only allows the spores to adapt to the chemical and develop resistance quicker. This time of the year the fruit should be resistant to black rot, downy and powdery mildew, but the leaves and shoots are not so that is why we keep spraying up to harvest. Overall vineyards look good this year, but with the record high temperatures we have been getting and the spotty

4 rain, we have been seeing conditions in the field not usually observed. Mid-summer vine collapse may have occurred in your vineyard if you had trunk damage from the winters and you have a good crop load. Now, or even earlier in July with the high temperatures, drought conditions and good crop loads, the pumping system in the vine cannot keep up with the demand and the vine shuts down and collapses. Another symptom that is being seen this year and is included in the, Disease of the Month article in this issue is rupestris speckle. It imitates similar symptoms of anthracnose, black rot and even chemical burning. It is just a physiological disorder that occurs in grapes that have rupestris in their genetic makeup. It is being seen on some of the Minnesota varieties and actually not a disease but an abiotic symptom. If you do not feel like you are getting good coverage, then it may be time to check you nozzles. These may be worn out, or plugged and costing you money by applying too much or too little. A complete set of new nozzles is less than $50.

5 OARDC July 2016 Vineyard Update by David Scurlock, Viticulture Outreach Specialist OSU/OARDC Photos by Dave Scurlock Grape Phenology: along with apple, cherries and hops Cab franc stage1-3 April Cab franc May Cab franc June Cab franc July (no veraison showing)

6 Chardonnay Stage 1-2 April Chardonnay Stage 4 May Chardonnay June Chardonnay July (L) Crop adjusted and (R) Sunburning on exposed berries

7 Riesling Stage 4 April Riesling May Riesling June Riesling July (no veraison showing) (R) Arrows indicate sun burn damage

8 Chambourcin stage 2-3, April bud swell Chambourcin May Chambourcin June Chambourcin July (no veraison showing)

9 Marquette July at 90% veraison Frontenac July at 5% veraison

10 Apples in loose open cluster stage April Apples in Bloom stage May Apples June Apples July changing color

11 Sweet Cherries at full bloom, April Sweet Cherries May Sweet Cherries June **Cherry harvest finished in mid- July Fruit quality was the best ever. Fruit size was good although we were in a drought, but because we had such little rain there was no disease, no cracking of fruit and no insect pressure. I stopped spraying a month before harvest so there would be no spray residue without any issues. If I had trickle irrigation I think I could have turned the cherries into Plum size this year.

12 Hop development April Hop development May Hop development June Hops (L) July Hop cones close up (R), you can also see the Jap. Beetle damage on the leaves primarily. The JB traps in the foreground were set up after the damage began.

13 Weather Conditions: Weather comparisons for July 2016 vs the 11 year average weather for July We increased in Average Max Temperature in July 2016 in comparison with the 11 year average and there was no difference when comparing the 11 year Average Minimum Temperature with July The warning or prediction early in the season for a LaNina year following an El Nino year, was for a hot droughty summer. We are down more than 2 inches of precipitation over the 11 year average. For now this prediction is true for our area. Although the GDDs for July are behind in comparison with the 11 year average, I get the sense that we are about 10 to 14 days ahead in the ripening process. There is a high temperature point where we do not increase in GDD and that is why we are not seeing higher GDDs then we would expect. The vines tend to shut down to protect themselves when we have temperatures above 86 0 F, and we have had about 10 days near 90 0 F. Table 1 June 11 YEAR AVERAGE VS. *2016 June DATA Year Precip. In. Ave. Max Ave. Min GDD Cumulative GDD Temp Temp year July aver April-July *April April *May April -May **June April-June July April-July *2016 Data for April, May and June were updated **2016 Data is inclusive to July (it will be updated next month)

14 Pest & Disease Situation Cicadas made their appearance in June and left their reminders of flagging dead twigs in hardwoods and orchards around the state. I still see some pockets of Japanese beetles in the Wooster area. They did significant damage to the Hops planting this year. We also had some significant damage on the more tender grape varieties earlier in July. Earlier in the season I saw some phomopsis development but very little. Signs of black rot, phomopsis, anthracnose, downy and powdery mildew have shown up in isolated areas in Ohio as well as a little seen symptom called rupestris speckle. Most diseased vineyards were the result of either poor timing, wrong choice of chemical or wrong rate. We do not see the symptoms until it is too late to do much about it. That is why we have to be sure that our sprayer is functioning properly and we are doing everything right. If you are the least bit unsure of what or when to spray contact one of the OSU specialists Dr. Melanie Ivey, Plant Path, Dr. Elizabeth Long, Entomology or Dr. Doug Doohan, Weed Specialist. Traps should be placed in your vineyards now for SWD. These traps need to be placed near the cluster area and in the shade. SWD traps should be checked at the very least, once a week. Please refer to Dr. Celeste Welty s website to get more information on SWD at Brown Marmorated Stink Bugs are out and about the vineyard now. For more information on identifying and trapping these invasive bugs please see Dr. Celeste Welty s BMSB link at Japanese beetle damage Photo by Dave Scurlock

15 Cultural Practices: We are still removing suckers, thin shoots and clusters and finalizing shoot positioning on the high cordon systems and tucking the vertical shoot positioned systems. We have applied our 8 th spray last week for the season that included Captan, Topsin M (for powdery mildew and botrytis), Rally (powdery mildew) and Danitol (an insecticide which will kill grape berry moth, Japanese beetle and SWD along with most pests that could show up at this time). The variety block has been replanted this year. I would like you to notice the good weed control in the newly replanted vineyard. The vineyard was burned down with Roundup prior to planting but the weeds grew back before planting so an application of Rely was used to burn down the weeds that regrew just prior to planting. The vines were planted and since then we followed up with a Braun weed hoe to smooth out the vineyard surface after dehilling. We will apply Snapshot ( since they will not be cropped this year) to maintain good weed control. It is critical to maintain good weed control in the first 2 years so the vines do not have competition for nutrients and water and get off to a good start. Wooster variety planting June Photo by Dave Scurlock Grower Observations: We have had some calls on herbicide injury and actually had herbicide injury due to drift in our own vineyards in Wooster. Sometimes we cause our own problems with the use of herbicides and sometimes we do have actual drift from corn and soybean fields. Vineyards have invaded areas that were typically corn and soybean only areas. A lot of this has been made possible through the planting of more cold tolerant varieties and planting into areas that were traditionally just corn and soybean. We need to register our vineyards under the Sensitive Crop Registry at along with communicating with our neighbors who grow corn and soybeans to make them aware of the sensitivity of vineyards to certain herbicides such as 2 4D, Round up and many other herbicides. Rupestris speckle has shown up in our Frontenac vineyard in Kingsville and other sites around the state. Black rot has been an issue in some vineyards where the timing, rate or chemical may not have been right.

16 Roundup herbicide damage on Regent June Photo by Dave Scurlock Roundup herbicide damage on Regent July Photo by Dave Scurlock

17 Crop Estimation for 2016 by Dave Scurlock, OSU/OARDC Viticulture Outreach Specialist I like to both adjust the crop and estimate the crop 14 days after bloom when berries are bb to pea size. At this time the clusters are easy to see and thin and it is also a good time to leaf pull those varieties that get leaf pulled. Early leaf pulling allows the clusters to acclimate to the sun before it gets intense later in the season. Leaf pulling at this (late July) time of the year just prior to veraison causes sun burning on the berries. See picture below Early in the spring, 14 days after bloom: 1-count the number of clusters on 10 to 20 vines. 2-from your average cluster weights (cluster weights are obtained at harvest time from your vineyards) multiply the average number of clusters per 10 vines and divide by 10 to get the average weight per vine. 2-take the average weight per vine and multiply it by the actual number of producing vines per acre to get the estimated pounds per acre. This is your best estimate and I would get on the phone and sell your crop in June so it is one less thing to worry about at harvest. If you have not done this and waited till now you can estimate you crop another way called Lag phase. At this time or days after bloom, clusters are about half of their harvest weight. 1-Count the actual number of bearing vines (vines that actually have a crop on them) 2-Count the actual number of clusters/vine for at least 30 vines/acre/variety 2-Harvest 100 clusters at random from 30 vines from the same variety and weigh them

18 4-Take the number of producing (vines/acre/variety x the average number of clusters/vine/variety) and multiply all this by 2 (lag phase cluster weight) Example: Variety is Vidal-545 vines/acre 1-actual # of producing vines/acre=420 2-actual # of clusters/vine= clusters weighed grams or 165grams/cluster or 165 grams/454grams/pound=.36pounds/cluster producing vines/a X 40 cl/vine/variety X.36 lbs./clwt. X 2=12096 pounds or 6 tons/acre

19 AARS Grape Field Day Date: August Time: Introductions at 1:30pm with Talks Starting at 2pm Location: Ashtabula Agriculture Research Station 2625 South Ridge Road East Kingsville, OH Phone: Contact: Andrew Kirk AARS Branch Manager Topics Covered: -Trunk Renewal Methods following Winter Injury -Entomology Research and Updates -Life Cycles of Vineyard Weeds -The Emergence of Red Blotch Virus -Agricultural Soils through the lens of Geological History in Ashtabula County -Soil Profile at AARS and Related Topics *Grape Twilight Tour, Dinner, Wine Presentation and Tasting following the AARS Grape Field Day at Spring Hill Winery-see following flyer for more information

20 Grape Pests and Disorders-July GRAPE PHYLLOXERA is the most serious pest of grapes worldwide. This insect forms galls on leaves (pictured) and roots of grapevines. Insecticides can be applied at various periods, ranging from as early as grape bud break to grape bloom. RUPESTRIS SPECKLE is an unknown physiological disorder associated with V. rupestris or hybrids of V. rupestris. Necrotic areas vary in size and tend to have a yellow halo. Spots are more pronounced on weak or stressed vines. Images courtesy of Drs. Elizabeth Long and Melanie Lewis Ivey, Ohio State University-OARDC, Wooster OH HORSEWEED is one of the most problematic summer weeds in vineyards. Glyphosate- and ALSresistant populations are common in Ohio. Fall herbicides with residual activity are recommended to reduce horseweed density in the spring.

21 OGEN Editor Note: We have learned that the Spotted Lanternfly has move west in Pennsylvania. We will keep you informed if this is ever detected in Ohio and control measures. Source: American Fruit Grower-Growing Produce July 8, 2016 Spotted Lanternfly Quarantine Expands In Pennsylvania Posted By: Christina Herrick (Photo credit: Nancy Bosold, Horticulture Educator, Penn State Extension) The Pennsylvania State Department of Agriculture announced thespotted lanternfly quarantine has been expanded to Lower Macungie Township, Alburtis, and Macungie Boroughs in Lehigh County and New Hanover Township in Montgomery County after small populations of the pest were found. The most recent detections are in municipalities adjacent to previously quarantined areas. The pest had not been found in the U.S. prior to its initial detection in Berks County in the fall of While no one wants to hear that there are additional findings, this affirms that our surveillance efforts are working, said Pennsylvania Agriculture Secretary Russell Redding. It is extremely

22 difficult to eradicate these pests but thanks to the ongoing survey efforts and commitment by local, state, and community members, who have been working together continuously to find the pest in the early stages, we are minimizing the impact of the species. New detections allow the control program to target its outreach and control efforts, working to end the spread of the insect. Areas where the pest has been found are now under quarantine. The general quarantine restricts movement of any material or object that can spread the pest. This includes firewood or wood products, brush or yard waste, remodeling or construction materials and waste, packing material (such as boxes), grapevines for decorative purposes or as nursery stock, and any outdoor household articles, such as lawnmowers, grills, tarps, and other equipment, trucks, or vehicles typically not stored indoors. The last detection of the pest was confirmed in November In addition to the new areas where the invasive has been found, the quarantine also includes: Berks County: Amity, Colebrookdale, Douglass, District, Earl, Hereford, Longswamp, Oley, Pike, Rockland and Washington townships and the boroughs of Bally, Bechtelsville, Boyertown, and Topton Montgomery County: Douglass and Upper Hanover townships and the boroughs of East Greenville, Pennsburg, and Red Hill Bucks County: Milford Township and Trumbauersville Borough Chester County: South Coventry Township Since receiving additional funding from USDA, survey work began May 1, 2016 to identify additional challenges and improvements with the invasive species. Eight crews and 34 volunteers have placed more than 2,200 bands on Ailanthus trees, removing more than 14,000 eggs. To date, 39 properties have been treated in the quarantine area, removing more than 3,300 Ailanthus trees. Spotted lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula, attacks grapes, apples, pines, and stone fruits. It often attaches to the bark of Tree of Heaven (Ailanthus altissima). Adults often cluster in groups and lay egg masses containing 30 to 50 eggs that adhere to flat surfaces including tree bark. Freshly laid egg masses have a grey waxy mud-like coating, while hatched eggs appear as brownish seed-like deposits in four to seven columns about an inch long. Trees attacked by the spotted lanternfly will show a grey or black trail of sap down the trunk. The Spotted lanternfly is an inch-long black, red and white spotted pest and is native to China, India, Japan, and Vietnam. It s an invasive species in Korea, where it has attacked 25 plant species which also grow in Pennsylvania.

23 Source: Ithaca Voice Cornell scientist who helped save NY wine trade dies at 83 CORNELL, OBITS, REGION, TOP JULY 12, 2016 BY MICHAEL SMITH Editor's Note: This article was originally written by Blaine Friedlander for the Cornell Chronicle. It is republished with permission. ITHACA, NY - Gilbert Stoewsand, a Cornell food scientist who helped to rescue New York s fledgling wine industry in the early 1970s by debunking shoddy science and malicious rumors that attributed health risks to drinking wine made from hybrid grapes, died July 4 in Geneva, New York. He was 83. In what may seem absurd to today s enologists and wine drinkers, French and German scientists in the early 1960s attributed physiological deformities in animals to drinking wine made from hybrid grapes. Hans Breider, director of the Bavarian State Institute for Wine, Fruit and Horticulture in Germany, purportedly verified French research in 1965 that showed liver damage to chickens when hybrid wines were fed to them, according to the Cornell University Press book, Wines of Eastern North America, by Hudson Cattell. By 1967, Breider reported that wines made from hybrid grapes fed to chickens produced malformed legs and feathers.

24 To examine the French and German scientific work, Willard Robinson, chair of Cornell s food science department at the New York State Experiment Station in Geneva, hired toxicologist Stoewsand as an assistant professor in His first mission was to investigate the veracity of the charges against hybrid grapes. Aggravating the hybrid grape controversy, newspaper columnist Jack Anderson published a column in The Washington Post on Jan. 13, 1971, headlined Wines Cause Deformities, that ran in 600 newspapers, according to Cattell s book. Anderson wrote: The French hybrid wines, like those produced by many New York vineyards, cause such grotesque birth defects in chicks as crippled feet, vulture beak, and ugly spine abnormalities. The hybrids, intended to eliminate the unpleasant foxy taste from New York wines without sacrificing the hardiness of American wines, are increasing in popularity. The hens that hatched the deformed chicks were fed French hybrid juice and wine in laboratories by Dr. Hans Breider. Instantly, wine retailers removed New York wines from their store shelves, according to Cattell. Stoewsand and Robinson reported at the American Society of Enologists meeting in 1970 that Breider s chickens suffered from chronic and acute nutritional deficiencies due to their poor diet, not from being fed juice or wines from hybrid grapes. Cornell issued a scientific bulletin in January Wine produced from hybrid grapes when fed to chicks, produced no significant physiologic or anatomic deviations due to grape species, Stoewsand wrote. The major effect in growing chicks drinking wines or juices from any grape is related to the interference with normal water and adequate balanced diet intake. Concurrently with the Cornell research invalidating the scientific fraud, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration issued a statement saying there was no cause for alarm, and The Washington Post subsequently published a story on Stoewsand s research.

25 In 1972, Stoewsand traveled on a World Health Organization fellowship to Switzerland, where he noted that scientists did not support Breider s scientific work. Another German scientist explained Breider s background to Stoewsand. One evening after sharing a couple of bottles of wonderful wines after dinner, he told us the story of Hans Breider, wrote Stoewsand, in an unpublished autobiography. Breider was chief viticulturist during the 30s under Hitler s regime. Hitler was very proud of the German wine industry Breider fell out with Hitler for some unknown reason and thrown in jail for a number of years. Breider s replacement created hybrid grape varieties for wines and once Breider left prison, bitter and jealous, he discredited such hybrids as toxic. Prudence and scientific sense won out: Robinson, Cornell s food science chair, said refuting the toxicity claims was one of the Geneva s Experiment Station s biggest contributions to the state s wine industry. Gilbert Saari Stoewsand was born in 1930 and raised in Chicago. He earned his bachelor s degree in 1954 and master s degree in 1958 in animal science from the University of California, Davis. He earned a doctorate in 1964 in animal nutrition and biochemistry from Cornell. Stoewsand became an associate professor of toxicology at Cornell in 1973, a professor in 1979 and an emeritus professor in Stoewsand is survived by his wife, Ellen, and two daughters.

26 Source: American Fruit Grower July 14, 2016 Hail Hits Northern Michigan Posted By: Christina Herrick Over this past weekend, damaging hail hit Northern Michigan, leaving damaging marks anywhere from quarter-sized to 3 inches in diameter. It was probably one of our more prolific hail events that we ve had in a long time, Jeff Lutz, meteorologist with the National Weather Service in Gaylord, MI, told MLive.com. We issued a fair amount of warnings yesterday, (we haven t) issued a whole lot since The Grand Traverse area was the hardest hit. Leelanau County experienced two inches of rain, and the storm brought winds near 60 miles per hour, Lutz said. Growers concerned about the potential for hail damage need to act quickly, says Mark Longstroth, Extension educator from Michigan State University. Longstroth suggests growers spray broad-spectrum systemic fungicides closely after a storm. Injured tissue on plants and trees is susceptible to pathogens. Injured fruit is also susceptible to pests. Nikki Rothwell, Emily Pochubay, and Karen Powers of Michigan State University Extension recommend growers assess damaged fruit to make proper decisions for disease and pest management. Also of concern to growers should be the current warm temperatures, which could increase the chances of fire blight or trauma blight. According to Accuweather.com, temperatures will subside for a few days, when rain is in the forecast, before temperatures return to the mid to upper 80s.

27 Source: Market Farmer Market News Above-Normal Temps Expected Across U.S. Through October July 21, :30 AM By Julianne Johnston The National Weather Service's Climate Prediction Center (CPC) forecast for August through October calls for above-normal temps across the contiguous U.S., with above-normal precip expected across the Dakotas and below-normal precip expected across much of the Pacific Northwest and an area of the Southeast. Equal chances of normal, below- or above-normal precip is expected elsewhere, which includes the bulk of the Corn Belt. CPC Outlooks for August-October: btzcl2u3s3ptueviow5rnhbxakjbyvrhnzhiakxtb0rzovbiz0czzef6tgjzbufcl0taqvwvv0nvmhvqrvz 2K1pCbXhuTUdzelAxZnorQ2hPZXNcL3JSbXVjPSJ9

28 OSU Grape & Wine Research & Outreach Specialist Please contact the following Research, Extension/Outreach Specialists, and Educators if you have any questions relating to their respective field of expertise. Contact Information Name & Address Phone & Website Dr. Melanie Lewis Ivey, Asst. Professor Dept. Plant Pathology 224 Selby Hall OARDC 1680 Madison Avenue Wooster, OH Dr. Celeste Welty Dept. of Entomology Columbus, Ohio E mail: ivey.14@osu.edu Website: Facebook: Area of Expertise & Assistance Provided Grape Diseases Diagnostics and Management. Recommendation on grape fungicides and biocontrols. Good Agricultural Practices and Food Safety Recommendations E mail: welty.1@osu.edu Fruit and vegetable Insects Dr. Doug Doohan, Professor Dept. Horticulture & Crop Science 205 Gourley Hall OARDC 1680 Madison Avenue Wooster, OH E mail: doohan.1@osu.edu Website: Vineyard weeds and control. Recommendation on herbicides Dr. Imed Dami, Associate Professor & Viticulture State Specialist Dept. Horticulture & Crop Science 216 Gourley Hall OARDC 1680 Madison Avenue Wooster, OH E mail: dami.1@osu.edu Website: oardc.osu.edu/grapeweb/ Viticulture research and statewide extension & outreach programs. Recommendation on variety selection. Imed is the primary research contact of the viticulture program.

29 Contact Information Name & Address Phone & Website Area of Expertise& Assistance Provided Dr. Elizabeth Long, Assistant Professor OSU/OARDC Entomologist 105 Thorne Hall, Wooster, OH E mail: long1541@osu.edu Fruit and vegetable insects Dr. Gary Gao, Small Fruit Specialist and Associate Professor, OSU South Centers 1864 Shyville Road, Piketon, OH OSU Campus in Columbus Room 256B, Howlett Hall, 2001 Fyffe Ct Columbus, OH ext.123 Fax: gao.2@cfaes.osu.edu Website: Viticulture Research and Outreach, VEAP visits in southern Ohio, vineyard management practices, soil fertility and plant nutrition, fruit quality improvement, variety evaluation, table and wine grape production David Scurlock, Viticulture Outreach Specialist 118 Gourley Hall OARDC 1680 Madison Avenue Wooster, OH Todd Steiner, Enology Program Manager & Outreach Specialist Dept. Horticulture & Crop Science 118 Gourley Hall OARDC 1680 Madison Avenue Wooster, OH E mail: scurlock.2@osu.edu Website: oardc.osu.edu/grapeweb/ E mail: steiner.4@osu.edu Website: oardc.osu.edu/grapeweb/ Evaluation of site suitability for vineyard establishment and all aspects of grape production practices in northern Ohio. David is the primary extension contact of the viticulture program Commercial wine production, sensory evaluation, laboratory analysis/setup and winery establishment. Todd is the primary research and extension contact of the enology program Andrew Kirk, AARS Station Manager Ashtabula Agricultural Research Station 2625 South Ridge Road Kingsville, OH E mail: Website: Winegrape production in Northeast Ohio, especially vinifera varieties

30 Contact Information Name & Address Phone & Website Area of Expertise& Assistance Provided David Marrison, County Extension Director, Associate Professor & Extension Educator, OSU Extension Ashtabula County 39 Wall Street Jefferson, Ohio Ext. 106 E mail: marrison.2@osu.edu Website: ashtabula.osu.edu Vineyard and winery economics, estate planning and Extension programs in Northeast Ohio Dr. Mike Ellis, Emeritus Professor Dept. Plant Pathology 226 Selby Hall OARDC 1680 Madison Avenue Wooster, OH NA at this time use for best results E mail: ellis.7@osu.edu *After Dec Website: Grape diseases and control. Recommendation on grape fungicides