Madeira is a gift from nature.

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3 2 Madeira is a gift from nature.

MADEIRA, THE ISLAND Madeira is a gift from nature. Its landscape displays a perfect continuum and symbiosis between sea and forest, mountains and valleys.

It is the Island of flowers, of hot summers and mild winters.

The profoundly rooted viticultural landscape of the island is a stage where a myriad of ever-changing colours, from different hues green to reddish-browns, play their part as the year goes by.

4 MADEIRA, THE ISLAND Madeira is a gift from nature. Its landscape displays a perfect continuum and symbiosis between sea and forest, mountains and valleys. Writing about Madeira is to reveal its roots, its culture and its traditions. It is the absorption of unique knowledge, textures and tastes. It is the Island of flowers, of hot summers and mild winters. The island, a part of Portugal, lies in the Atlantic Ocean and, together with the Island of Porto Santo, the Desertas and the Selvagens Islands, makes up the Archipelago of Madeira. The profoundly rooted viticultural landscape of the island is a stage where a myriad of ever-changing colours, from different hues green to reddish-browns, play their part as the year goes by. The building of terraces, upheld with walls of stone, reminds the observer of staircases which, in some parts of the island, go all the way from sea level to the brim of the mountain forests and resemble gardens imbued in the landscape. Known in the whole world as a par excellence tourist destination, the reputation of Madeira Island is also owed to the wine that bears its name and which, in the most various regions of the globe, gained fame and prestige. A Wine with the name of an Island and an Island with the name of a Wine. Let yourself be seduced by Madeira Wine, a unique fortified wine characterized by the island s landscape, its ageing, distinctive taste and exceptional aromas. 3

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6 MADEIRA WINE, A SECULAR HISTORY In 1419, at the very beginning of the period of Portuguese discoveries, João Gonçalves Zarco, Tristão Vaz Teixeira and Bartolomeu Perestrelo discovered an island in the middle of the Atlantic which they named Madeira Island. The three Donee Captains received the captaincies from Infante D. Henrique (Henry, the Navigator) and immediately took to cultivating its lands with wheat, vines and sugarcane. The history of Madeira wine starts here and will follow over the centuries the development of the island itself. Historical documents prove that, admiringly, 25 years after the beginning of the island s colonisation, the export of Madeira Wine had already begun! Its more than five centuries of existence tell the story of internationalization covering the most diverse export routes, depending on international circumstances, during which, in addition to the exports to Europe, significant quantities were exported via routes destined for the Indies and Americas, between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries, the latter continues today. The high reputation and prestige of this Wine may also be confirmed by innumerable episodes, amongst which, the celebration of the independence of the United States of America in 1776, which was commemorated with a toast made with Madeira Wine! Over the centuries the production processes have been changing and improving. In the eighteenth century is introduced the ageing method known as Estufagem, which will definitely characterize Madeira wine, until today. Many great personalities, statesmen and mythical personalities were enchanted by this Wine, of whom George Washington and Thomas Jefferson are symbolic examples, both profoundly knowledgeable on Madeira Wine, as well as Winston Churchill who had the opportunity to get to know and enjoy this Wine during his visits to the island. But the references to Madeira Wine are also known in Literature, for example, in Shakespeare works. The Madeira Wine is born to the world and its history is marked by its passage in various parts of the globe, where it continues to be recognized and admired. 5

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ROUND TRIP WINE From the seventeenth-century onwards, one of the main markets for Madeira Wine was the Indies.

On certain occasions, the wine would return to Europe, and it was then verified that these journeys greatly enhanced the quality and complexity of the wine due to the ageing

8 ROUND TRIP WINE From the seventeenth-century onwards, one of the main markets for Madeira Wine was the Indies. This trade route was to become famous for Madeira Wine, not only because of the quantity of exports that were to take place throughout two centuries, but also due to the famous Vinho da Roda (Round Trip Wine). The transportation of Madeira Wine to those regions was made in the hold of the ships, which reached very high temperatures on the passing through the tropics. On certain occasions, the wine would return to Europe, and it was then verified that these journeys greatly enhanced the quality and complexity of the wine due to the ageing acceleration. This wine became known as the Vinho da Roda or Round Trip Wine because it was transported in the ships that made the voyages to India and when they returned the wine was sold. Still today this accidental discovery is used in the ageing of Madeira wine through the process that became known as Estufagem and was introduced as a standard practice in the eighteenth century. 7

9 8 The slopes of Madeira Island became a unique landscape of vineyards.

Over the past five centuries, the slopes of Madeira Island became a unique landscape of vineyards, where the vines produce high quality grapes, yielding an exceptional wine.

The specific conditions of the soil of volcanic origin, mainly basalt and the proximity to the sea, combined with the climatic conditions of hot, humid summers and mild winters, gives the wine its

10 Over the past five centuries, the slopes of Madeira Island became a unique landscape of vineyards, where the vines produce high quality grapes, yielding an exceptional wine. The total area of Madeira is 732 Km2 and the size of the Wine-Growing Region is approximately 500 hectares. It forms a unique landscape characterized by sharply elevated terrain. The specific conditions of the soil of volcanic origin, mainly basalt and the proximity to the sea, combined with the climatic conditions of hot, humid summers and mild winters, gives the wine its unique and particular characteristics. The agricultural land is characterized by very sharp slopes which have generally been made into terraces known as poios. Irrigation water in Madeira is collected in the higher regions and conducted throughout the island through canals called levadas. The building of these levadas began at the time the island was populated, dating from the second half of the fifteenth-century. Nowadays, this system consists of about 2150 Km of canals of which 40 Km are in tunnels. The most tradition system of conducting the vine is the latada or trellised vine, also known as pergola. In this system, the vines are conducted horizontally along wires and suspended off the ground from stakes. During the second half of the twentieth-century another conduction method was introduced on the island: that of espaldeira or espalier. But this method may only be used in lands that have a hardly any inclination. From the end of the month of August until mid-october, harvesting of the grapes is carried out in a majestic ritual. The inclined relief and the system of small estates make the whole harvesting process a difficult affair. Therefore, agriculturers need to get together and join efforts. Men, women and youngsters participate in the harvesting of grapes, still a wholly manual process today. It is also an occasion to get the family together. 9

11 10 Madeira Wine, old as the island that names it, can age for more than 100 years.

Traditionally, Madeira Wine can be produced/aged in two different ways: Canteiro and Estufagem.

12 VINIFICATION PROCESS The production process of Madeira Wine has very special characteristics that make this wine unique in the World. This wine, after its fortification, initiates an ageing process where temperature and slow oxidation promote the appearance of unique characteristics of intense and complex aromas. Traditionally, Madeira Wine can be produced/aged in two different ways: Canteiro and Estufagem. In Canteiro the wine is kept in casks usually in the top floors of the wine cellars, where the temperature is higher, for a minimum period of two years. This denomination comes from the fact that casks are placed on wooden support beams called canteiros. It has a type of oxidative ageing in the cask, through which the circulation of air originates the wine evaporation, and therefore it becomes more concentrated, making the wine develop unique characteristics of intense and complex aromas. In Estufagem, Madeira Wine is aged by heating it up to temperatures of 50ºC for a period which is legally established, recreating history itself when the casks would go in ships to India, Brazil or North America, often passing by the equator, wines would naturally heat, increasing their organoleptic characteristics that today characterize Madeira Wine. That was called Vinho Madeira Torna-Viagem. Madeira Wine, old as the island that names it, can age for more than 100 years, maintaining its unique characteristics, when bottled, and even after the bottle opened, Madeira Wine is able to keep itself inalterable without loosing any of its characteristics, still being able to enchant those who taste it, keeping its fresh personality. 11

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WINE VARIETIES Madeira Wine is a fortified wine with alcohol degree between 17º and 22º and may be

Rich. When the grape variety is Sercial, that wine will always be a Dry Madeira Wine, in the case of

14 WINE VARIETIES Madeira Wine is a fortified wine with alcohol degree between 17º and 22º and may be obtained from traditional grape varieties such as Sercial, Verdelho, Boal, Malvasia and Tinta Negra, or a blend of them. According to its degree of sweetness, Madeira Wine can be classified, as Dry, Medium Dry, Medium Rich or Rich. When the grape variety is Sercial, that wine will always be a Dry Madeira Wine, in the case of Verdelho, it is a Medium Dry, for the Boal, it is a Medium Rich and when the grape variety is Malmsey, it is a Rich Madeira Wine. The blends can be produced in any of the different sugar degrees mentioned above. 13

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Within the different categories of Madeira wine, we find two major groups.

16 TYPES OF MADEIRA WINE Madeira Wine has a set of designations that allow the identification of its different varieties. Depending on the degree of sweetness, there are four types of Madeira wine, ranging from dry, medium dry to the mediu rich and the rich. Within the different categories of Madeira wine, we find two major groups. Wines with the indication of its age (5 years old or Reserva, 10 years old or Reserva Velha, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50 years old and more than 50 years old) are lot wines, which means that the wines are obtained from the combination of various wines with different ages, from the same or different vine varieties, and which are in conformity with the typical standard quality for the concerned age. And the wines with the indication of the year of harvest Colheita and Frasqueira or Garrafeira - which are wines made from grapes of the same harvest, with a minimum ageing of 5 or 20 years and present outstanding organoleptic characteristics. Within the wines with the indication of the year of harvest, there is the Solera, which is a Madeira wine associated to a harvest date and which is the basis of a lot from which a quantity that must not exceed 10% is taken out of each cask every year for bottling, being replaced by an equal quantity of another Madeira wine of the same quality. 15

17 16 The proposed combinations of food with Madeira wine are endless.

18 MADEIRA WINE AT YOUR TABLE Madeira Wine, due to its complexity of aromas and organoleptic characteristics, may be drunk at any hour of the day or night. At the table, Madeira Wine offers several possibilities in terms of accompaniment in accordance with the four types of wine. The proposed combinations of food with Madeira wine are endless and can be truly amazing, with many flavours and textures, providing tastes, aromas, textures and unique sensations! We leave here some food matching suggestions: Madeira Sercial or Dry Wine, of a light colour, full bodied and perfumed it is perfect as an aperitif and goes well with olives, toasted almonds, caviar or salmon canapés and hors-d oeuvre with mayonnaise. It is equally subtle with smoked fish like salmon, sword fish, tuna or black scabbard, shellfish, sushi or fish mousses, and delicate with fresh goat or sheep cheeses. Refreshing as a long-drink Madeira Wine with tonic water, slice of lemon and ice Dry Madeira Wine is very refreshing. Madeira Verdelho or Medium Dry Wine, structured, of a golden colour, it is also excellent as an aperitif. It combines perfectly with olives, toasted almonds and dry fruits and is pleasant with consommé, fresh cream soups and onion soup au gratin. It is equally exuberant with Serrano ham or smoked game, soup bowls of game, curd cheese, mushrooms with garlic or stuffed, and tasty with duck or goose pâté de foie-gras. Madeira Boal or Medium Rich Wine, full bodied and fruity, it is harmonious with fresh tropical fruits, dry fruits, cakes and fruit tarts. Young Boal is perfect to accompany with soft cheeses and older Boal goes very well with matured cheese. Delicate with cheese or wild fruits with butter soufflés, this Madeira Wine reveals itself exotic with milk chocolate, pralines, petit-fours, fresh cream cakes and traditional bolo de mel. Old Boal is also perfect to associate with pipe tobacco and with cigars. Madeira Malvasia or Rich Wine, of a dark colour, full bodied and aromatic, it may be appreciated with tropical fruits and dry fruits such as walnuts and hazelnuts. It is gracious with dry fruit cakes and fruit tarts, bolo de mel, butter biscuits, dark or milk chocolate, pralines and petit-fours. It is equally elegant and combines very well with Portuguese cheeses like the one from Serra, Serpa, Azeitão, that of Rabaçal and from the Ilha, and likewise with blue cheeses like Danish Blue, Roquefort, Stilton or Gorgonzola. The «Frasqueiras» of the Malvasia variety are exceptional with Havana cigars. 17

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DEMARCATED REGION OF MADEIRA The demarcated region of Madeira is one of the oldest in Portugal and its future passes

Madeira Wine is subject to a rigorous quality control conducted by IVBAM (Madeira Wine, Embroidery and Handicrafts

This organization, has, among its objectives, the control, coordination and legislation of the production and

20 DEMARCATED REGION OF MADEIRA The demarcated region of Madeira is one of the oldest in Portugal and its future passes through a continuous commitment to quality. Madeira Wine is subject to a rigorous quality control conducted by IVBAM (Madeira Wine, Embroidery and Handicrafts Institute, P.I.). This organization, has, among its objectives, the control, coordination and legislation of the production and commercialization of Madeira wine, as well as the vine and wine sector in general and also its promotion in national and international markets. The quality that Madeira wine presents is the result of the joint commitment of public and private sectors, in a certification system with an unwavering commitment to the future. 19

21 Madeira Wine brand is used, nowadays, by eight producing and exporting companies: HENRIQUES & HENRIQUES, VINHOS S.A Câmara de Lobos Telefone: Fax: MADEIRA WINE COMPANY, S.A. Rua dos Ferreiros, Funchal Telefone: Fax: H. M. BORGES, SUCRS, LDA. Rua 31 de Janeiro, 83 / Funchal Telefone: Fax: info@hmborges.com J. FARIA & FILHOS, LDA. Travessa do Tanque, 85 e FUNCHAL Telefone: Fax: jfariafilhos@sapo.pt PEREIRA D OLIVEIRA (VINHOS), LDA. Rua dos Ferreiros, 107 / Funchal Telefone: Fax: geral@doliveiras.pt VINHOS BARBEITO (MADEIRA), LDA. Est. R. Garcia - Parque Emp..Cª.Lobos Lote Câmara de Lobos Telefone: / Fax: info@vinhosbarbeito.com.pt JUSTINO S - MADEIRA WINES, S.A. Parque Industrial da Cancela Caniço - Santa Cruz Telefone: Fax: justinos@justinosmadeira.com CAF Caminho de São Martinho, Funchal Telefone: Fax: e-mai.: info@cafmadeira.com 20

MADEIRA PAIRINGS. by CHEF DAVID SANTOS LOURO RESTAURANT NYC

MADEIRA PAIRINGS. by CHEF DAVID SANTOS LOURO RESTAURANT NYC MADEIRA PAIRINGS by CHEF DAVID SANTOS LOURO RESTAURANT NYC GEOGRAPHY The Island of Madeira and Porto Santo, along with the uninhabited islands, Selvagens and Desertas, make up the Madeira Archipelago,