Tourism and HSR in Spain. Does the AVE increase local visitors?

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Tourism and HSR in Spain. Does the AVE increase local visitors?"

Transcription

1 2 nd Meeting on Transport Economics and Infrastructure Barcelona January 21 st 2016 Tourism and HSR in Spain. Does the AVE increase local visitors? Javier Campos (ULPGC) Daniel Albalate (UB) Juan Luis Jiménez (ULPGC)

2 Motivation The context Our analysis Our results 2

3 Motivation Another chicken-and-egg story? Transport (accessibility) as a major determinant of tourism attractiveness Tourism (and economic activity) as a major determinant for transport investments Spain as a suitable case study: High tourism relevance. Many (different) destinations (UNWTO, 2015) AVE generally regarded as a social success, but high investment costs and low demand Measuring the attraction effect (Bonnafous, 1987) How much does HSR increase a destination visibility within the transport network? What is the most adequate methodological approach? 3

4 The context 1/2 Ex-ante, a positive relationship is always expected Main justification to promote many projects (Delaplace & Perrin, 2013) ( ) Positive externalities are described (Murakami & Cervero, 2012; Edwards, 2012) ( ) The boost for local economy can be measured (Hernández & Jiménez, 2014) but ex-post results are often more disappointing. Only novelty effects in France that benefits already-known cities (Bazin et al. 2006) More business travelers; reduce overnight stays (Klein & Claisse, 1997) Even if traffic is increased: reduction in demand for local services (Bazin et al. 2013) Limited results also in Spain: Clavé et al. (2015), Ortuño-Padilla et al. (2015), Albalate (2015), Albalate and Fageda (2016), 4

5 The context 2/2 Why is this so? HSR generates centralization of economic activities around big nodes (Givoni, 2006) Size is relevant: most positive impacts concentrate on larger cities (SEEDA, 2008) Cities with pre-existent amenities also benefitted more from HSR (Chen and Haynes, 2012) Revealed preferences studies suggest that HSR is not always a key factor on destination choice for international tourism (Pagliara et al. 2015, Chen and Haynes, 2015) In fact, HSR-air competition is fierce on several routes (Dobruszkes et al., 2014) Complementarity effects with air transport are promising, but still very limited (Givoni and Banister, 2006; Albalate et al. 2015) 5

6 Our analysis 1/3 What is our contribution Many previous studies use city-route methodologies (case studies) or analyze the impacts of HSR on city tourism as integrated within a national transport system. We focus on local impacts using a newly created database. Previous results agree that expected positive impacts of HSR inaugurations only come true in limited cases, depending on many factors (namely, city size). We provide an empirical estimation of these impacts (if any) for individual cities in Spain. Measuring the attraction effect is a key issue in transport economics We compare two methodological approaches: a counter-factual view (difference-indifference) or a more standard (panel data) view. 6

7 Our analysis 2/3 Database Monthly data on tourism and economic activity of Spanish municipalities where new AVE stations were built or enhanced in (at different dates) Local data: include 12 province capital cities and other 112 other tourism relevant cities (with & without AVE) We explain overnight visitors, stays and occupancy rates using hotel prices, population, distance to AVE, airport and other control variables. Disaggregated expenditure surveys not available. Our database also includes 100+ cities without AVE Source: ADIF 7

8 Our analysis 3/3 Total number of visitors National visitors (%) Foreign visitors (%) Total Overnight stays Average stay (nights) Occupancy rate (%) In municipalities with a new AVE project in the period Before the HSR project 48, , After the HSR project 47, , In municipalities without a AVE project in the period For all the period 32, , In municipalities with a AVE project before the period For all the period 185, ,

9 Our results 1/7 The DiD approach: Treated municipalities: with AVE services in After effects: to capture the specific effects after the inauguration date DiD estimator: takes value 1 for treated municipalities in the after period. Dep. variable Effect of AVE on Toledo Tarragona Valladolid Segovia Málaga Barcelona Valencia Visitors (0.05) (0.04) *** 0.07 (0.04) 0.10 (0.04) ** 0.44 (0.12) *** 0.24 (0.15) * 0.07 (0.07) Overnight stays (0.08) (0.05) *** 0.05 (0.06) 0.12 (0.05) ** 0.28 (0.14) ** 0.42 (0.35) 0.02 (0.09) Average stay (0.03) 0.03 (0.02) (0.02) 0.02 (0.02) (0.07) ** (0.18) * (0.04) National visitors (0.04) (0.04) *** 0.12 (0.04) *** 0.15 (0.04) *** 0.49 (0.14) *** 0.98 (0.19) *** 0.15 (0.05) *** Foreign visitors (0.09) ** 0.02 (0.07) (0.07) 0.02 (0.07) 0.54 (0.18) ** 0.71 (0.39) * 0.03 (0.11) Occupancy rate (0.02) ** (0.01) *** (0.02) ** (0.02) *** 0.11 (0.06) * 0.25 (0.09) ** 0.07 (0.03) *** Cuenca (0.04) ** (0.05) *** (0.02) *** (0.03) *** 0.12 (0.06) * (0.02) *** DiD coefficients: the AVE effects on selected cities Albacete Santiago (0.04) 0.12 (0.29) (0.05) *** (0.41) (0.02) *** (0.17) * (0.03) 0.53 (0.23) ** (0.06) (0.51) (0.02) *** 0.04 (0.09) Coruña (0.04) *** (0.05) *** 0.07 (0.02) *** (0.03) *** (0.06) ** (0.02) ***

10 Our results 2/7 Alternative: a panel data model ln(tourism) imt 0 1 imt 2 imt 3 imt 4 imt 5 imt 6 it 7 it 8 jt Airport HSR10km HSR20km HSR50km Population Population2 Hotelprices AVE project Year effect Monthly effect h 9 h t h 19 h t it This approach provides a more aggregate view 10,200+ observations 6 tourism related endogenous variables 3 different estimation models (full sample with/without population, and restricted sample) 10

11 Our results 3/7 Panel data main results: No clear effects of HSR on tourism on the total number of visitors (this confirms that size matters). There are positive and negative estimates, but not statistically significant. We find a negative effect of AVE on the occupancy rates (-8%) and positive (same amount) associated to airport investments. Similarly, AVE effect on overnight stays are not significant: airport enlargements seems to play a more relevant role of tourism (a 15% effect according to Model 3). AVE has no significant impact on the average stay at destination, whereas the airport does have it (generates a 6% increase). Only with respect to foreign visitors we find a relevant effect (+9%) of the AVE (although the impact of the airport is still higher, with 15%). 11

12 Our results 4/7 NUMBER OF VISITORS Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 AVE project (0.04) 0.03 (0.05) 0.04 (0.05) Airport enlargement 0.08 (0.07) 0.07 (0.07) 0.09 (0.07) HSR (in km) (0.02) *** (0.02) *** (0.02) *** HSR (in km) (0.03) 0.02 (0.04) (0.03) Population -7e-6 (2e-6) *** -3e-6 (2e-6) * Population squared 4e-12 (1e-12) *** 8e-13 (3e-13) *** Hotel prices (regional) (0.003) ** (0.003) *** Year effect Yes Yes Yes Monthly effect Yes Yes Yes Constant 9.39 (0.04) *** 9.34 (0.40) *** 9.31 (0.42) *** Observations 10,296 8,096 8,576 R 2 (within groups) OCCUPANCY RATE Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 HSR project (0.04) * (0.04) * (0.04) * Airport enlargement 0.05 (0.05) 0.04 (0.04) 0.07 (0.04) * HSR (in km) 0.04 (0.01) *** 0.05 (0.02) *** 0.05 (0.01) *** HSR (in km) (0.02) (0.01) *** 0.04 (0.01) *** Population -3e-6 (1e-6) -3e-6 (1e-6) * Population squared 2e-12 (1e-12) * 6e-13 (2e-13) ** Hotel prices (regional) (0.001) *** (0.001) *** Year effect Yes Yes Yes Monthly effect Yes Yes Yes Constant 3.47 (0.03) *** 2.91 (0.27) *** 3.03 (0.29) *** Observations 10,293 8,081 8,561 R 2 (within groups)

13 Our results 5/7 OVERNIGHT STAYS Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 HSR project (0.04) 0.01 (0.05) 0.02 (0.05) Airport enlargement 0.12 (0.08) 0.12 (0.07) * 0.15 (0.07) ** HSR (in km) (0.02) *** (0.02) ** (0.02) *** HSR (in km) (0.04) 0.02 (0.04) 0.01 (0.04) Population -7e-6 (2e-6) *** -4e-6 (2e-6) ** Population squared 4e-12 (1e-12) *** 9e-13 (3e-13) *** Hotel prices (regional) (0.003) *** (0.003) *** Year effect Yes Yes Yes Monthly effect Yes Yes Yes Constant (0.05) *** (0.42) *** (0.45) *** Observations 10,296 8,096 8,576 R 2 (Within groups) AVERAGE STAY Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 HSR project (0.02) (0.02) (0.02) Airport enlargement 0.04 (0.03) 0.06 (0.03) * 0.06 (0.03) ** HSR (in km) 0.08 (0.008) *** 0.06 (0.01) *** 0.06 (0.01) *** HSR (in km) (0.04) -9e-4 (0.04) (0.04) Population -7e-7 (1e-6) -1e-6 (1e-6) Population squared -1e-13 (6e-13) 1e-13 (2e-13) Hotel prices (regional) 9e-4 (1e-3) (0.001) Year effect Yes Yes Yes Monthly effect Yes Yes Yes Constant 1.00 (0.01) *** 1.02 (0.28) *** 1.06 (0.31) *** Observations 10,298 8,098 8,578 R 2 (within groups)

14 Our results 6/7 NATIONAL VISITORS Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 HSR project 0.01 (0.04) 0.02 (0.05) 0.03 (0.05) Airport enlargement (0.06) (0.06) (0.06) HSR (in km) (0.02) *** (0.02) *** (0.02) *** HSR (in km) 0.09 (0.04)** 0.07 (0.05) 0.06 (0.04) Population -7e-6 (2e-6) ** -4e-6 (2e-6) * Population squared 4e-12 (1e-12) *** 8e-13 (3e-13) ** Hotel prices (regional) 2e-4 (3e-3) 3e-4 (3e-3) Year effect Yes Yes Yes Monthly effect Yes Yes Yes Constant 8.88 (0.05) *** 9.58 (0.43) *** 9.58 (0.45) *** Observations 10,298 8,098 8,578 R 2 (within groups) FOREIGN VISITORS Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 HSR project 0.02 (0.04) 0.07 (0.04) 0.09 (0.04) ** Airport enlargement 0.12 (0.08) 0.12 (0.08) 0.15 (0.08) * HSR (in km) (0.03) *** (0.04) ** (0.04) *** HSR (in km) (0.06)*** (0.08) (0.06) Population -1e-5 (5 e-6) ** -6e-6 (4e-6) Population squared 6e-12 (3e-12) ** 1e-12 (6e-13) ** Hotel prices (regional) (0.005) (0.004) Year effect Yes Yes Yes Monthly effect Yes Yes Yes Constant 7.72 (0.05) *** 8.42 (0.75) *** 8.32 (0.81) *** Observations 10,296 8,096 8,576 R 2 (Within groups)

15 Our results 7/7 1. We confirm that the effects of AVE on the number of visitors, the number of nights spent at destination and/or the hotel occupancy rates are minimal or even negative. 2. When positive effects exist, they are restricted to larger cities: AVE contribution to local growth is limited. 3. Our panel data estimates suggest that in many cases the existing transport network (airports) proved to be a sufficient alternative (!). 4. We advocate a highly suspicious view on those projects whose main justification is (supposedly) large induced demand effects at the regional and local level. 15

16 Thank you

THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF BEER TOURISM IN KENT COUNTY, MICHIGAN

THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF BEER TOURISM IN KENT COUNTY, MICHIGAN THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF BEER TOURISM IN KENT COUNTY, MICHIGAN Dan Giedeman, Ph.D., Paul Isely, Ph.D., and Gerry Simons, Ph.D. 10/8/2015 THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF BEER TOURISM IN KENT COUNTY, MICHIGAN EXECUTIVE

More information

Transportation demand management in a deprived territory: A case study in the North of France

Transportation demand management in a deprived territory: A case study in the North of France Transportation demand management in a deprived territory: A case study in the North of France Hakim Hammadou and Aurélie Mahieux mobil. TUM 2014 May 20th, 2014 Outline 1) Aim of the study 2) Methodology

More information

Dietary Diversity in Urban and Rural China: An Endogenous Variety Approach

Dietary Diversity in Urban and Rural China: An Endogenous Variety Approach Dietary Diversity in Urban and Rural China: An Endogenous Variety Approach Jing Liu September 6, 2011 Road Map What is endogenous variety? Why is it? A structural framework illustrating this idea An application

More information

Background & Literature Review The Research Main Results Conclusions & Managerial Implications

Background & Literature Review The Research Main Results Conclusions & Managerial Implications Agenda Background & Literature Review The Research Main Results Conclusions & Managerial Implications Background & Literature Review WINE & TERRITORY Many different brands Fragmented market, resulting

More information

Technical Memorandum: Economic Impact of the Tutankhamun and the Golden Age of the Pharoahs Exhibition

Technical Memorandum: Economic Impact of the Tutankhamun and the Golden Age of the Pharoahs Exhibition Technical Memorandum: Economic Impact of the Tutankhamun and the Golden Age of the Pharoahs Exhibition Prepared for: The Franklin Institute Science Museum Prepared by: Urban Partners November 2007 Economic

More information

Literature Review. Jesús René Cázares Juárez (141428)

Literature Review. Jesús René Cázares Juárez (141428) Literature Review Jesús René Cázares Juárez (141428) Sustainable wine tourism development applied to the wine valleys in Baja California The development of wine tourism in many wine-producing regions around

More information

The Financing and Growth of Firms in China and India: Evidence from Capital Markets

The Financing and Growth of Firms in China and India: Evidence from Capital Markets The Financing and Growth of Firms in China and India: Evidence from Capital Markets Tatiana Didier Sergio Schmukler Dec. 12-13, 2012 NIPFP-DEA-JIMF Conference Macro and Financial Challenges of Emerging

More information

YAKIMA VALLEY TOURISM ANNUAL REPORT

YAKIMA VALLEY TOURISM ANNUAL REPORT YAKIMA VALLEY TOURISM ANNUAL REPORT 17 20 LEADERSHIP MESSAGE On behalf of the Board of Directors and staff of Yakima Valley Tourism, we are proud to present our 2017 Annual Report. Tourism means economic

More information

GREAT WINE CAPITALS GLOBAL NETWORK MARKET SURVEY FINANCIAL STABILITY AND VIABILITY OF WINE TOURISM BUSINESS IN THE GWC

GREAT WINE CAPITALS GLOBAL NETWORK MARKET SURVEY FINANCIAL STABILITY AND VIABILITY OF WINE TOURISM BUSINESS IN THE GWC GREAT WINE CAPITALS GLOBAL NETWORK MARKET SURVEY 2010-2011 FINANCIAL STABILITY AND VIABILITY OF WINE TOURISM BUSINESS IN THE GWC June 2011 2 / 6 INTRODUCTION This market survey has focused on how the economic

More information

Results from the First North Carolina Wine Industry Tracker Survey

Results from the First North Carolina Wine Industry Tracker Survey Results from the First North Carolina Wine Industry Tracker Survey - 2009 Dr. Michael R. Evans Director and Professor of Hospitality and Tourism Management and Dr. James E. Stoddard Professor of Marketing

More information

The Impact of Free Trade Agreement on Trade Flows;

The Impact of Free Trade Agreement on Trade Flows; The Impact of Free Trade Agreement on Trade Flows; An Application of the Gravity Model Approach By Shujiro URATA and Misa OKABE Session 1 of Part II, RIETI Policy Symposium Assessing Quality and Impacts

More information

Introduction to Management Science Midterm Exam October 29, 2002

Introduction to Management Science Midterm Exam October 29, 2002 Answer 25 of the following 30 questions. Introduction to Management Science 61.252 Midterm Exam October 29, 2002 Graphical Solutions of Linear Programming Models 1. Which of the following is not a necessary

More information

Comparative Analysis of Fresh and Dried Fish Consumption in Ondo State, Nigeria

Comparative Analysis of Fresh and Dried Fish Consumption in Ondo State, Nigeria Comparative Analysis of Fresh and Dried Fish Consumption in Ondo State, Nigeria Mafimisebi, T.E. (Ph.D) Department of Agricultural Business Management School of Agriculture & Natural Resources Mulungushi

More information

Emerging Local Food Systems in the Caribbean and Southern USA July 6, 2014

Emerging Local Food Systems in the Caribbean and Southern USA July 6, 2014 Consumers attitudes toward consumption of two different types of juice beverages based on country of origin (local vs. imported) Presented at Emerging Local Food Systems in the Caribbean and Southern USA

More information

"Primary agricultural commodity trade and labour market outcome

Primary agricultural commodity trade and labour market outcome "Primary agricultural commodity trade and labour market outcomes" FERDI - Fondation pour les Etudes et Recherches sur le Developpement International African Economic Conference 2014 - Knowledge and innovation

More information

Perspective of the Labor Market for security guards in Israel in time of terror attacks

Perspective of the Labor Market for security guards in Israel in time of terror attacks Perspective of the Labor Market for security guards in Israel in time of terror attacks 2000-2004 By Alona Shemesh Central Bureau of Statistics, Israel March 2013, Brussels Number of terror attacks Number

More information

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OVERALL, WE FOUND THAT:

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OVERALL, WE FOUND THAT: THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF CRAFT BREWERIES IN LOS ANGELES LA s craft brewing industry generates short-term economic impacts through large capital investments, equipment purchases, and the construction of new

More information

Sportzfun.com. Source: Joseph Pine and James Gilmore, The Experience Economy, Harvard Business School Press.

Sportzfun.com. Source: Joseph Pine and James Gilmore, The Experience Economy, Harvard Business School Press. National Extension Tourism Conference Park City, Utah Center for Agribusiness and Economic Development June 15 th, 2009 or Agribusin siness and Econ onomic Deve Center fo velopment What does Agritourism

More information

Zeitschrift für Soziologie, Jg., Heft 5, 2015, Online- Anhang

Zeitschrift für Soziologie, Jg., Heft 5, 2015, Online- Anhang I Are Joiners Trusters? A Panel Analysis of Participation and Generalized Trust Online Appendix Katrin Botzen University of Bern, Institute of Sociology, Fabrikstrasse 8, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; katrin.botzen@soz.unibe.ch

More information

Flexible Working Arrangements, Collaboration, ICT and Innovation

Flexible Working Arrangements, Collaboration, ICT and Innovation Flexible Working Arrangements, Collaboration, ICT and Innovation A Panel Data Analysis Cristian Rotaru and Franklin Soriano Analytical Services Unit Economic Measurement Group (EMG) Workshop, Sydney 28-29

More information

and the World Market for Wine The Central Valley is a Central Part of the Competitive World of Wine What is happening in the world of wine?

and the World Market for Wine The Central Valley is a Central Part of the Competitive World of Wine What is happening in the world of wine? The Central Valley Winegrape Industry and the World Market for Wine Daniel A. Sumner University it of California i Agricultural l Issues Center January 5, 211 The Central Valley is a Central Part of the

More information

(A report prepared for Milk SA)

(A report prepared for Milk SA) South African Milk Processors Organisation The voluntary organisation of milk processors for the promotion of the development of the secondary dairy industry to the benefit of the dairy industry, the consumer

More information

AJAE Appendix: Testing Household-Specific Explanations for the Inverse Productivity Relationship

AJAE Appendix: Testing Household-Specific Explanations for the Inverse Productivity Relationship AJAE Appendix: Testing Household-Specific Explanations for the Inverse Productivity Relationship Juliano Assunção Department of Economics PUC-Rio Luis H. B. Braido Graduate School of Economics Getulio

More information

Survival of the Fittest: The Impact of Eco-certification on the Performance of German Wineries Patrizia FANASCH

Survival of the Fittest: The Impact of Eco-certification on the Performance of German Wineries Patrizia FANASCH Padua 2017 Abstract Submission I want to submit an abstract for: Conference Presentation Corresponding Author Patrizia Fanasch E-Mail Patrizia.Fanasch@uni-paderborn.de Affiliation Department of Management,

More information

The 2006 Economic Impact of Nebraska Wineries and Grape Growers

The 2006 Economic Impact of Nebraska Wineries and Grape Growers A Bureau of Business Economic Impact Analysis From the University of Nebraska Lincoln The 2006 Economic Impact of Nebraska Wineries and Grape Growers Dr. Eric Thompson Seth Freudenburg Prepared for The

More information

THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF MODEL WINERIES IN TEXAS. Industry Report

THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF MODEL WINERIES IN TEXAS. Industry Report THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF MODEL WINERIES IN TEXAS Industry Report by Pati Mamardashvili, PhD International School of Economics at Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia Tim Dodd, PhD Texas Tech University,

More information

Ex-Ante Analysis of the Demand for new value added pulse products: A

Ex-Ante Analysis of the Demand for new value added pulse products: A Ex-Ante Analysis of the Demand for new value added pulse products: A case of Precooked Beans in Uganda Paul Aseete, Enid Katungi, Jackie Bonabana, Michael Ugen and Eliud Birachi Background Common bean

More information

Rail Haverhill Viability Study

Rail Haverhill Viability Study Rail Haverhill Viability Study The Greater Cambridge City Deal commissioned and recently published a Cambridge to Haverhill Corridor viability report. http://www4.cambridgeshire.gov.uk/citydeal/info/2/transport/1/transport_consultations/8

More information

Center for Responsible Travel Transforming the Way the World Travels

Center for Responsible Travel Transforming the Way the World Travels Center for Responsible Travel Transforming the Way the World Travels www.responsibletravel.org Booming Wine Tourism: The Push for Sustainability by Jessica McCommon, CREST Intern Spring 2017 The demand

More information

How Rest Area Commercialization Will Devastate the Economic Contributions of Interstate Businesses. Acknowledgements

How Rest Area Commercialization Will Devastate the Economic Contributions of Interstate Businesses. Acknowledgements How Rest Area Commercialization Will Devastate the Economic Contributions of Interstate Businesses Acknowledgements The NATSO Foundation, a charitable 501(c)(3) organization, is the research and educational

More information

Summary Report Survey on Community Perceptions of Wine Businesses

Summary Report Survey on Community Perceptions of Wine Businesses Summary Report Survey on Community Perceptions of Wine Businesses Updated August 10, 2018 Conducted by Professors David McCuan and Richard Hertz for the Wine Business Institute School of Business and Economics

More information

Chapter 3. Labor Productivity and Comparative Advantage: The Ricardian Model. Pearson Education Limited All rights reserved.

Chapter 3. Labor Productivity and Comparative Advantage: The Ricardian Model. Pearson Education Limited All rights reserved. Chapter 3 Labor Productivity and Comparative Advantage: The Ricardian Model 1-1 Preview Opportunity costs and comparative advantage A one-factor Ricardian model Production possibilities Gains from trade

More information

Effects of political-economic integration and trade liberalization on exports of Italian Quality Wines Produced in Determined Regions (QWPDR)

Effects of political-economic integration and trade liberalization on exports of Italian Quality Wines Produced in Determined Regions (QWPDR) Effects of political-economic integration and trade liberalization on exports of Italian Quality Wines Produced in Determined Regions (QWPDR) G. De Blasi, A. Seccia, D. Carlucci, F. G. Santeramo Department

More information

Investment Wines. - Risk Analysis. Prepared by: Michael Shortell & Adiam Woldetensae Date: 06/09/2015

Investment Wines. - Risk Analysis. Prepared by: Michael Shortell & Adiam Woldetensae Date: 06/09/2015 Investment Wines - Risk Analysis Prepared by: Michael Shortell & Adiam Woldetensae Date: 06/09/2015 Purpose Look at investment wines & examine factors that affect wine prices over time We will identify

More information

ECON228: Study Tour to South America - The Economics of the Wine Industry

ECON228: Study Tour to South America - The Economics of the Wine Industry ECON228: Study Tour to South America - The Economics of the Wine Industry Brief overview of ECON228 6-week intensive course (15 pts) to be offered in 2019-SU1 (January- February). Focus on how economic

More information

Mobility tools and use: Accessibility s role in Switzerland

Mobility tools and use: Accessibility s role in Switzerland Mobility tools and use: Accessibility s role in Switzerland A Loder IVT ETH Brisbane, July 2017 In Swiss cities, public transport is competitive if not advantageous. 22 min 16-26 min 16-28 min 2 And between

More information

Structural Reforms and Agricultural Export Performance An Empirical Analysis

Structural Reforms and Agricultural Export Performance An Empirical Analysis Structural Reforms and Agricultural Export Performance An Empirical Analysis D. Susanto, C. P. Rosson, and R. Costa Department of Agricultural Economics, Texas A&M University College Station, Texas INTRODUCTION

More information

Informing Wineries Tourism Decisions: Studies of Tasting Room Visitors and Wine Tourism Collaboration

Informing Wineries Tourism Decisions: Studies of Tasting Room Visitors and Wine Tourism Collaboration Informing Wineries Tourism Decisions: Studies of Tasting Room Visitors and Wine Tourism Collaboration Dan McCole, Don Holecek and Anna Popp Department of Community Sustainability Michigan State University

More information

Credit Supply and Monetary Policy: Identifying the Bank Balance-Sheet Channel with Loan Applications. Web Appendix

Credit Supply and Monetary Policy: Identifying the Bank Balance-Sheet Channel with Loan Applications. Web Appendix Credit Supply and Monetary Policy: Identifying the Bank Balance-Sheet Channel with Loan Applications By GABRIEL JIMÉNEZ, STEVEN ONGENA, JOSÉ-LUIS PEYDRÓ, AND JESÚS SAURINA Web Appendix APPENDIX A -- NUMBER

More information

The age of reproduction The effect of university tuition fees on enrolment in Quebec and Ontario,

The age of reproduction The effect of university tuition fees on enrolment in Quebec and Ontario, The age of reproduction The effect of university tuition fees on enrolment in Quebec and Ontario, 1946 2011 Benoît Laplante, Centre UCS de l INRS Pierre Doray, CIRST-UQAM Nicolas Bastien, CIRST-UQAM Research

More information

Online Appendix. for. Female Leadership and Gender Equity: Evidence from Plant Closure

Online Appendix. for. Female Leadership and Gender Equity: Evidence from Plant Closure Online Appendix for Female Leadership and Gender Equity: Evidence from Plant Closure Geoffrey Tate and Liu Yang In this appendix, we provide additional robustness checks to supplement the evidence in the

More information

Gasoline Empirical Analysis: Competition Bureau March 2005

Gasoline Empirical Analysis: Competition Bureau March 2005 Gasoline Empirical Analysis: Update of Four Elements of the January 2001 Conference Board study: "The Final Fifteen Feet of Hose: The Canadian Gasoline Industry in the Year 2000" Competition Bureau March

More information

ECONOMICS OF COCONUT PRODUCTS AN ANALYTICAL STUDY. Coconut is an important tree crop with diverse end-uses, grown in many states of India.

ECONOMICS OF COCONUT PRODUCTS AN ANALYTICAL STUDY. Coconut is an important tree crop with diverse end-uses, grown in many states of India. ECONOMICS OF COCONUT PRODUCTS AN ANALYTICAL STUDY Introduction Coconut is an important tree crop with diverse end-uses, grown in many states of India. Coconut palm is the benevolent provider of the basic

More information

Regression Models for Saffron Yields in Iran

Regression Models for Saffron Yields in Iran Regression Models for Saffron ields in Iran Sanaeinejad, S.H., Hosseini, S.N 1 Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran sanaei_h@yahoo.co.uk, nasir_nbm@yahoo.com, Abstract: Saffron

More information

The Roles of Social Media and Expert Reviews in the Market for High-End Goods: An Example Using Bordeaux and California Wines

The Roles of Social Media and Expert Reviews in the Market for High-End Goods: An Example Using Bordeaux and California Wines The Roles of Social Media and Expert Reviews in the Market for High-End Goods: An Example Using Bordeaux and California Wines Alex Albright, Stanford/Harvard University Peter Pedroni, Williams College

More information

To make wine, to sell the grapes or to deliver them to a cooperative: determinants of the allocation of the grapes

To make wine, to sell the grapes or to deliver them to a cooperative: determinants of the allocation of the grapes American Association of Wine Economists (AAWE) 10 th Annual Conference Bordeaux June 21-25, 2016 To make wine, to sell the grapes or to deliver them to a cooperative: determinants of the allocation of

More information

Public-private partnership as a good practice for the sustainable development of wine tourism in Chile

Public-private partnership as a good practice for the sustainable development of wine tourism in Chile 3rd UNWTO Global Conference on Wine Tourism Public-private partnership as a good practice for the sustainable development of wine tourism in Chile 6 7 September 2018 Chisinau, Moldova Chilean Wine AT A

More information

Preview. Introduction (cont.) Introduction. Comparative Advantage and Opportunity Cost (cont.) Comparative Advantage and Opportunity Cost

Preview. Introduction (cont.) Introduction. Comparative Advantage and Opportunity Cost (cont.) Comparative Advantage and Opportunity Cost Chapter 3 Labor Productivity and Comparative Advantage: The Ricardian Model Preview Opportunity costs and comparative advantage A one-factor Ricardian model Production possibilities Gains from trade Wages

More information

Selection bias in innovation studies: A simple test

Selection bias in innovation studies: A simple test Selection bias in innovation studies: A simple test Work in progress Gaétan de Rassenfosse University of Melbourne (MIAESR and IPRIA), Australia. Annelies Wastyn KULeuven, Belgium. IPTS Workshop, June

More information

Preview. Introduction. Chapter 3. Labor Productivity and Comparative Advantage: The Ricardian Model

Preview. Introduction. Chapter 3. Labor Productivity and Comparative Advantage: The Ricardian Model Chapter 3 Labor Productivity and Comparative Advantage: The Ricardian Model. Preview Opportunity costs and comparative advantage A one-factor Ricardian model Production possibilities Gains from trade Wages

More information

Chapter 3. Labor Productivity and Comparative Advantage: The Ricardian Model

Chapter 3. Labor Productivity and Comparative Advantage: The Ricardian Model Chapter 3 Labor Productivity and Comparative Advantage: The Ricardian Model Preview Opportunity costs and comparative advantage A one-factor Ricardian model Production possibilities Gains from trade Wages

More information

Preview. Chapter 3. Labor Productivity and Comparative Advantage: The Ricardian Model

Preview. Chapter 3. Labor Productivity and Comparative Advantage: The Ricardian Model Chapter 3 Labor Productivity and Comparative Advantage: The Ricardian Model Preview Opportunity costs and comparative advantage A one-factor Ricardian model Production possibilities Gains from trade Wages

More information

RESEARCH UPDATE from Texas Wine Marketing Research Institute by Natalia Kolyesnikova, PhD Tim Dodd, PhD THANK YOU SPONSORS

RESEARCH UPDATE from Texas Wine Marketing Research Institute by Natalia Kolyesnikova, PhD Tim Dodd, PhD THANK YOU SPONSORS RESEARCH UPDATE from by Natalia Kolyesnikova, PhD Tim Dodd, PhD THANK YOU SPONSORS STUDY 1 Identifying the Characteristics & Behavior of Consumer Segments in Texas Introduction Some wine industries depend

More information

A Presentation of the Primary Research on Visitation to Wine Festivals and Wineries in British Columbia

A Presentation of the Primary Research on Visitation to Wine Festivals and Wineries in British Columbia A Presentation of the Primary Research on Visitation to Wine Festivals and Wineries in British Columbia Dr. Blair Baldwin J.D./M.B.A./B.A. Honours The Okanagan School of Business at Okanagan College, Kelowna,

More information

Appendix Table A1 Number of years since deregulation

Appendix Table A1 Number of years since deregulation Appendix Table A1 Number of years since deregulation This table presents the results of -in-s models incorporating the number of years since deregulation and using data for s with trade flows are above

More information

Kidney Beans Value Chain and Export Capacity in the Kyrgyz Republic

Kidney Beans Value Chain and Export Capacity in the Kyrgyz Republic Kidney Beans Value Chain and Export Capacity in the Kyrgyz Republic K.Tilekeyev, R.Mogilevskii, N.Abdrazakova, S.Dzhumaeva Institute of Public Policy and Administration, UCA Life in Kyrgyzstan conference,

More information

CHAPTER I BACKGROUND

CHAPTER I BACKGROUND CHAPTER I BACKGROUND 1.1. Problem Definition Indonesia is one of the developing countries that already officially open its economy market into global. This could be seen as a challenge for Indonesian local

More information

The R&D-patent relationship: An industry perspective

The R&D-patent relationship: An industry perspective Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management (SBS-EM) European Center for Advanced Research in Economics and Statistics (ECARES) The R&D-patent relationship: An

More information

ECONOMIC IMPACT OF WINE AND VINEYARDS IN NAPA COUNTY

ECONOMIC IMPACT OF WINE AND VINEYARDS IN NAPA COUNTY ECONOMIC IMPACT OF WINE AND VINEYARDS IN NAPA COUNTY An Report prepared for Jack L. Davies Napa Valley Agricultural Land Preservation Fund and Napa Valley Vintners JUNE 2005 FULL ECONOMIC IMPACT OF WINE

More information

What does radical price change and choice reveal?

What does radical price change and choice reveal? What does radical price change and choice reveal? A project by YarraValley Water and the Centre for Water Policy Management November 2016 CRICOS Provider 00115M latrobe.edu.au CRICOS Provider 00115M Objectives

More information

OKANAGAN VALLEY WINE CONSUMER RESEARCH STUDY 2008 RESULTS

OKANAGAN VALLEY WINE CONSUMER RESEARCH STUDY 2008 RESULTS RESEARCH AND PLANNING OKANAGAN VALLEY WINE CONSUMER RESEARCH STUDY 2008 RESULTS Summer 2009 Research and Planning Tourism British Columbia 3 rd Floor, 1803 Douglas St. Victoria, BC V8W 9W5 Web: www.tourismbc.com/research

More information

Starbucks BRAZIL. Presentation Outline

Starbucks BRAZIL. Presentation Outline Starbucks BRAZIL Prepared by: Aminata Ouattara Daniele Albagli Melissa Butz Matvey Kostromichev Presentation Outline Introduction Mission & Objectives PESTEL Analysis PORTER Analysis SWOT Analysis Capabilities

More information

Previous analysis of Syrah

Previous analysis of Syrah Perception and interest of French consumers for Syrah / Shiraz Introduction Plan Previous analysis on Syrah vine and on consumer behaviour for this kind of wine Methods of research Building the General

More information

REQUENA-UTIEL WINE TOURISM PRODUCT CONCEPTUALIZATION

REQUENA-UTIEL WINE TOURISM PRODUCT CONCEPTUALIZATION REQUENA-UTIEL WINE TOURISM PRODUCT CONCEPTUALIZATION Página2 CONTENTS Page 1. Precedents and methodology... 3 2. Requena-Utiel area... 4 3. The wine tourism territory... 4 4. The wine tourism product.........5

More information

The following slides collate the insights relating to food and drink only.

The following slides collate the insights relating to food and drink only. 1 2 The following slides collate the insights relating to food and drink only. To see the full results and to put this extract into context please click on this link: Scotland Visitor Survey Objectives

More information

A Hedonic Analysis of Retail Italian Vinegars. Summary. The Model. Vinegar. Methodology. Survey. Results. Concluding remarks.

A Hedonic Analysis of Retail Italian Vinegars. Summary. The Model. Vinegar. Methodology. Survey. Results. Concluding remarks. Vineyard Data Quantification Society "Economists at the service of Wine & Vine" Enometrics XX A Hedonic Analysis of Retail Italian Vinegars Luigi Galletto, Luca Rossetto Research Center for Viticulture

More information

Krisztina Albert. World Heritage expert Tokaj Wine Region Development Council

Krisztina Albert. World Heritage expert Tokaj Wine Region Development Council PROCEEDINGS OF TCL2016 CONFERENCE, INFOTA 2016; 2-7. Tokaj Wine Region Historic Cultural Landscape: the challenge to gather territorial actors for a sustainable development and to increase awareness of

More information

Bizualem Assefa. (M.Sc in ABVM)

Bizualem Assefa. (M.Sc in ABVM) COFFEE VALUE ADDITION IN LIMMU-KOSSA AND GOMMA DISTRICTS OF JIMMA ZONE, ETHIOPIA Part of MSc Thesis By Bizualem Assefa. (M.Sc in ABVM) Advisors Degye Goshu (PhD) December, 2015 Zekarias Shumeta (Ass.Prof)

More information

Measuring the Impact of High-Speed Rail on Economic Performance: Evidence for the Madrid-Barcelona corridor

Measuring the Impact of High-Speed Rail on Economic Performance: Evidence for the Madrid-Barcelona corridor Measuring the Impact of High-Speed Rail on Economic Performance: Evidence for the Madrid-Barcelona corridor Daniel J. Graham, Ruben Brage-Ardao, Patricia C. Melo Centre for Transport Studies Department

More information

Food Tourism & Food Events

Food Tourism & Food Events Food Tourism & Food Events Tommy D. Andersson University of Gothenburg & University of Macerata Sustainable Food Tourism Tourism has a problem with sustainability However, Food Tourism is more sustainable

More information

1

1 1 Introduction In his 213 budget, the then chancellor George Osborne abolished the beer duty escalator which increased beer duty by 2 per cent above the rate of inflation. A 1p cut in duty was also announced.

More information

Not to be published - available as an online Appendix only! 1.1 Discussion of Effects of Control Variables

Not to be published - available as an online Appendix only! 1.1 Discussion of Effects of Control Variables 1 Appendix Not to be published - available as an online Appendix only! 1.1 Discussion of Effects of Control Variables Table 1 in the main text includes a number of additional control variables. We find

More information

ICT Use and Exports. Patricia Kotnik, Eva Hagsten. This is a working draft. Please do not cite or quote without permission of the authors.

ICT Use and Exports. Patricia Kotnik, Eva Hagsten. This is a working draft. Please do not cite or quote without permission of the authors. ICT Use and Exports Patricia Kotnik, Eva Hagsten This is a working draft. Please do not cite or quote without permission of the authors. September 2012 Introduction Studies have shown that two major distinguishing

More information

RESTAURANT OUTLOOK SURVEY

RESTAURANT OUTLOOK SURVEY Reference Period: Fourth Quarter 2016 RESTAURANT OUTLOOK SURVEY Prepared by Chris Elliott, Senior Economist January 23, 2017 Q2-2011 Restaurant Outlook Survey Fourth Quarter 2016 1 Highlights The share

More information

CRAFT BEER CRAFT BEER

CRAFT BEER CRAFT BEER 2016 THE STATE OF CRAFT BEER CRAFT BEER IN CATALONIA INTRODUCTION We, craft brewers, are those producers who, driven by passion and love for natural beer, study, elaborate and improve the quality and variety

More information

DETERMINANTS OF DINER RESPONSE TO ORIENTAL CUISINE IN SPECIALITY RESTAURANTS AND SELECTED CLASSIFIED HOTELS IN NAIROBI COUNTY, KENYA

DETERMINANTS OF DINER RESPONSE TO ORIENTAL CUISINE IN SPECIALITY RESTAURANTS AND SELECTED CLASSIFIED HOTELS IN NAIROBI COUNTY, KENYA DETERMINANTS OF DINER RESPONSE TO ORIENTAL CUISINE IN SPECIALITY RESTAURANTS AND SELECTED CLASSIFIED HOTELS IN NAIROBI COUNTY, KENYA NYAKIRA NORAH EILEEN (B.ED ARTS) T 129/12132/2009 A RESEACH PROPOSAL

More information

McDONALD'S AS A MEMBER OF THE COMMUNITY

McDONALD'S AS A MEMBER OF THE COMMUNITY McDONALD'S ECONOMIC IMPACT WITH REBUILDING AND REIMAGING ITS RESTAURANTS IN SOUTH LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA A Report to McDonald's Corporation Study conducted by Dennis H. Tootelian, Ph.D. November 2010

More information

Demographic, Seasonal, and Housing Characteristics Associated with Residential Energy Consumption in Texas, 2010

Demographic, Seasonal, and Housing Characteristics Associated with Residential Energy Consumption in Texas, 2010 Demographic, Seasonal, and Housing Characteristics Associated with Residential Energy Consumption in Texas, 2010 Lila Valencia, Carlos Valenzuela, Jeff Jordan, Steve White, Lloyd Potter Institute for Demographic

More information

A Comparison of X, Y, and Boomer Generation Wine Consumers in California

A Comparison of X, Y, and Boomer Generation Wine Consumers in California A Comparison of,, and Boomer Generation Wine Consumers in California Marianne McGarry Wolf, Scott Carpenter, and Eivis Qenani-Petrela This research shows that the wine market in the California is segmented

More information

PORTUGAL: HOW TO ENTER THE MARKET Andrea Petrić, Croatian Chamber of Economy 19th February 2018

PORTUGAL: HOW TO ENTER THE MARKET Andrea Petrić, Croatian Chamber of Economy 19th February 2018 PORTUGAL: HOW TO ENTER THE MARKET Andrea Petrić, Croatian Chamber of Economy 19th February 2018 MAJOR IMPORT COUNTRIES Total imports 2016: 61.2 bil. EUR Country % Spain Germany France Italy Netherlands

More information

Oregon Wine Industry Sustainable Showcase. Gregory V. Jones

Oregon Wine Industry Sustainable Showcase. Gregory V. Jones Oregon Wine Industry Sustainable Showcase Gregory V. Jones Panel Framework Oregon wineries and vineyards are implementing innovative sustainability and environmental practices across the entire system

More information

Wine-Tasting by Numbers: Using Binary Logistic Regression to Reveal the Preferences of Experts

Wine-Tasting by Numbers: Using Binary Logistic Regression to Reveal the Preferences of Experts Wine-Tasting by Numbers: Using Binary Logistic Regression to Reveal the Preferences of Experts When you need to understand situations that seem to defy data analysis, you may be able to use techniques

More information

The aim of the thesis is to determine the economic efficiency of production factors utilization in S.C. AGROINDUSTRIALA BUCIUM S.A.

The aim of the thesis is to determine the economic efficiency of production factors utilization in S.C. AGROINDUSTRIALA BUCIUM S.A. The aim of the thesis is to determine the economic efficiency of production factors utilization in S.C. AGROINDUSTRIALA BUCIUM S.A. The research objectives are: to study the history and importance of grape

More information

IMPACT OF PRICING POLICY ON DOMESTIC PRICES OF SUGAR IN INDIA

IMPACT OF PRICING POLICY ON DOMESTIC PRICES OF SUGAR IN INDIA RESEARCH ARTICLE IMPACT OF PRICING POLICY ON DOMESTIC PRICES OF SUGAR IN INDIA Kavita*, R.K. Grover, Sunita and Raj Kumar Department of Agricultural Economics, CCSHAU, Hisar-125004, Haryana Email: kavitayadav230@gmail.com

More information

Recent U.S. Trade Patterns (2000-9) PP542. World Trade 1929 versus U.S. Top Trading Partners (Nov 2009) Why Do Countries Trade?

Recent U.S. Trade Patterns (2000-9) PP542. World Trade 1929 versus U.S. Top Trading Partners (Nov 2009) Why Do Countries Trade? PP542 Trade Recent U.S. Trade Patterns (2000-9) K. Dominguez, Winter 2010 1 K. Dominguez, Winter 2010 2 U.S. Top Trading Partners (Nov 2009) World Trade 1929 versus 2009 4 K. Dominguez, Winter 2010 3 K.

More information

Foodservice EUROPE. 10 countries analyzed: AUSTRIA BELGIUM FRANCE GERMANY ITALY NETHERLANDS PORTUGAL SPAIN SWITZERLAND UK

Foodservice EUROPE. 10 countries analyzed: AUSTRIA BELGIUM FRANCE GERMANY ITALY NETHERLANDS PORTUGAL SPAIN SWITZERLAND UK Foodservice EUROPE MARKET INSIGHTS & CHALLENGES 2015 2016 2017 2020 Innovative European Foodservice Experts 18, avenue Marcel Anthonioz BP 28 01220 Divonne-les-Bains - France 10 countries analyzed: AUSTRIA

More information

The Economic Contribution of the Colorado Wine Industry

The Economic Contribution of the Colorado Wine Industry The Economic Contribution of the Colorado Wine Industry Doug Caskey, Exec. director CO Wine Industry Development Board Dawn Thilmany, PhD CSU Dept. of Ag and Resource Economics and CSU Extension Contributions

More information

Pasta Market in Italy to Market Size, Development, and Forecasts

Pasta Market in Italy to Market Size, Development, and Forecasts Pasta Market in Italy to 2019 - Market Size, Development, and Forecasts Published: 6/2015 Global Research & Data Services Table of Contents List of Tables Table 1 Demand for pasta in Italy, 2008-2014 (US

More information

Labor Supply of Married Couples in the Formal and Informal Sectors in Thailand

Labor Supply of Married Couples in the Formal and Informal Sectors in Thailand Southeast Asian Journal of Economics 2(2), December 2014: 77-102 Labor Supply of Married Couples in the Formal and Informal Sectors in Thailand Chairat Aemkulwat 1 Faculty of Economics, Chulalongkorn University

More information

An application of cumulative prospect theory to travel time variability

An application of cumulative prospect theory to travel time variability Katrine Hjorth (DTU) Stefan Flügel, Farideh Ramjerdi (TØI) An application of cumulative prospect theory to travel time variability Sixth workshop on discrete choice models at EPFL August 19-21, 2010 Page

More information

Preview. Introduction. Chapter 3. Labor Productivity and Comparative Advantage: The Ricardian Model

Preview. Introduction. Chapter 3. Labor Productivity and Comparative Advantage: The Ricardian Model Chapter 3 Labor Productivity and Comparative Advantage: The Ricardian Model 1-1 Preview Opportunity costs and comparative advantage A one-factor Ricardian model Production possibilities Gains from trade

More information

A Web Survey Analysis of the Subjective Well-being of Spanish Workers

A Web Survey Analysis of the Subjective Well-being of Spanish Workers A Web Survey Analysis of the Subjective Well-being of Spanish Workers Martin Guzi Masaryk University Pablo de Pedraza Universidad de Salamanca APPLIED ECONOMICS MEETING 2014 Frey and Stutzer (2010) state

More information

Problem Set #15 Key. Measuring the Effects of Promotion II

Problem Set #15 Key. Measuring the Effects of Promotion II Problem Set #15 Key Sonoma State University Business 580-Business Intelligence Dr. Cuellar Measuring the Effects of Promotion II 1. For Total Wine Sales Using a Non-Promoted Price of $9 and a Promoted

More information

2016 STATUS SUMMARY VINEYARDS AND WINERIES OF MINNESOTA

2016 STATUS SUMMARY VINEYARDS AND WINERIES OF MINNESOTA IN PARTNERSHIP WITH THE NORTHERN GRAPES PROJECT, AN USDA SPECIALITY CROPS RESEARCH INITIATIVE PROGRAM, NIFA 2016 STATUS SUMMARY VINEYARDS AND WINERIES OF MINNESOTA Brigid Tuck and William Gartner INTRODUCTION

More information

The Sources of Risk Spillovers among REITs: Asset Similarities and Regional Proximity

The Sources of Risk Spillovers among REITs: Asset Similarities and Regional Proximity The Sources of Risk Spillovers among REITs: Asset Similarities and Regional Proximity Zeno Adams EBS Business School Roland Füss EBS Business School ZEW Mannheim Felix Schinder ZEW Mannheim Steinbeis University

More information

GLOBAL COMPASS Global Wine Market Attractiveness. July 2018 Report

GLOBAL COMPASS Global Wine Market Attractiveness. July 2018 Report GLOBAL COMPASS Global Market Attractiveness July 2018 Report 2018 1 Intro to Deliverables What is the? It consists of a 64-page report and Excel data tool: Factors impacting the global wine trade Final

More information

BREWERS ASSOCIATION CRAFT BREWER DEFINITION UPDATE FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS. December 18, 2018

BREWERS ASSOCIATION CRAFT BREWER DEFINITION UPDATE FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS. December 18, 2018 BREWERS ASSOCIATION CRAFT BREWER DEFINITION UPDATE FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS December 18, 2018 What is the new definition? An American craft brewer is a small and independent brewer. Small: Annual production

More information

Chapter 3. Labor Productivity and Comparative Advantage: The Ricardian Model

Chapter 3. Labor Productivity and Comparative Advantage: The Ricardian Model hapter 3 Labor Productivity and omparative Advantage: The Ricardian Model Preview Opportunity costs and comparative advantage Production possibilities Relative supply, relative demand & relative prices

More information

A NOTE FROM FRANCISCO NOGUEIRA THE OFFICE COFFEE CULTURE

A NOTE FROM FRANCISCO NOGUEIRA THE OFFICE COFFEE CULTURE T H E H I D D E N VA LU E O F C O F F E E A N D C O F F E E B R E A K S I N T H E W O R K P L A C E 1 2 B E YO N D A B E V E R A G E T H E H I D D E N VA LU E O F C O F F E E A N D C O F F E E B R E A

More information

Economic Contributions of the Florida Citrus Industry in and for Reduced Production

Economic Contributions of the Florida Citrus Industry in and for Reduced Production Economic Contributions of the Florida Citrus Industry in 2014-15 and for Reduced Production Report to the Florida Department of Citrus Alan W. Hodges, Ph.D., Extension Scientist, and Thomas H. Spreen,

More information