1 st Canadian Wine Sommelier Championship in Greater China. Introduction to Canadian Wine August 2017

Transcription

1 1 st Canadian Wine Sommelier Championship in Greater China Introduction to Canadian Wine August 2017

2 Canada On the World Map

3 Canada Rooted in Cool 41 and 50 North 670+ wineries 1770 grape growers 30,000 acres (12,150 Hectares) 4 main growing regions: British Columbia, Ontario, Nova Scotia and Quebec

4 Canada Wine Regions British Columbia Acres: 10,260 (4,152 Hectares) Wineries: 276 Ontario Acres: 17,000 (6,900 Hectares) Wineries: 165 Quebec Acres: 2000 (808 Hectares) Wineries: 138 Nova Scotia Acres: 800 (323 Hectares) Wineries: 20

5 Canada Growing Degree Days DEFINED AS THE SUM OF THE MONTHLY MEAN TEMPERATURE OVER 10 C (50 F) DURING THE GROWING SEASON (APRIL 1 OCTOBER 31). Geisenheim, Germany 1050 Epernay, France (Champagne) 1050 Kentville, Annapolis Valley, NS 1175 Hawkes Bay, New Zealand 1200 Northern Okanagan, British Columbia 1200 Prince Edward County, Ontario 1250 Roseburg, Oregon 1250 Gaspereau Valley, Nova Scotia 1257 Beaune, France (Burgundy) 1315 Yakima, Washington 1426 Napa, California 1450 Niagara Peninsula, Ontario 1485 Southern Okanagan, British Columbia 1495 Lake Erie North Shore, Ontario 1528

6 Canada The Growth Cycle

7 Canada Main Grape Varieties ONTARIO Core White Varieties: Riesling, Chardonnay Core Red Varieties: Pinot Noir, Cabernet Franc, Gamay Noir BRITISH COLUMBIA Most Planted Whites: Pinot Gris, Chardonnay, Gewurztraminer, Riesling Most Planted Reds: Merlot, Pinot Noir, Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah, Cabernet Franc NOVA SCOTIA Most Planted Whites: L Acadie Blanc, Chardonnay Most Planted Reds: Maréchal Foch, Léon Millot QUEBEC Most Popular Whites: Seyval Blanc, Vidal, Frontenac Gris + Blanc, St - Pepin Most Popular Reds: Frontenac Noir, Marquette, Maréchal Foch, Seyval Noir, St. Croix

8 Canada Sparkling Wine ONTARIO 60+ wineries producing sparkling wines Over 70% of production is Traditional Method 80% of production from Chardonnay + Pinot Noir, with Riesling, Gamay Noir, Sauvignon Blanc + others used for TM + Charmat Method BRITISH COLUMBIA 70+ sparkling wines producers of which 50% is Traditional Method Increasing production of Frizzante style wines Main grapes: Chardonnay, Chenin Blanc, Gamay Noir, Gewurztraminer + many others NOVA SCOTIA 10 of the 20 wineries produce sparkling wine 6 producers making Traditional Method Main varieties: Chardonnay, L'Acadie Blanc, Seyval Blanc, Pinot Meunier, Pinot Noir

9 800 acres 100 growers 20 wineries 230,000 cases Canada Nova Scotia

10 Nova Scotia Vineyards and Ocean Located at 45 latitude with soils formed and shaped by glacial movements Coastal province, surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean with warm Gulf Stream influences No community more than 60 kilometers from open sea The Bay of Fundy has the largest tidal shifts in the world making for cooling summer breezes and a large unfrozen body of water in the winter

11 Nova Scotia Tidal Bay Tidal Bay Appellation Wine: Pairs well with seafood and ocean views Signature style for crisp aromatic white wines that reflect the coastal breezes and cooler climate of the region Must be made from designated grape varieties,100% Nova Scotia grown, follow viticulture standards and practices, no more than 11% alcohol and approved by an independent blind tasting panel - Fresh whites that are perfectly suited to pair with Nova Scotia sea food

12 Canada VQA Wines of Origin The Vintners Quality Alliance (VQA) is an appellation system modeled on European appellation systems. Provincially regulated standards are in place in both Ontario and British Columbia. ONTARIO VQA VQA Ontario = 100% Ontario grown grapes VQA Ontario identifies three primary appellations Another 10 sub-appellations were created within the Niagara Peninsula in 2005 One sub-appellation was added to LENS in 2016 BC VQA BC VQA = 100% BC grown grapes BC VQA identifies five primary appellations and one official sub-appellation Creation of additional sub-appellations is in process

13 Canada Ontario 1811 Johann Schiller transplants labrusca and hybrid grape vines on 20 acres in Cooksville, Ontario George Barnes opens Niagara s first winery, called The Ontario Grape Growing and Wine Manufacturing Company, later renamed Barnes Winery There are 35 wineries in Ontario, mostly based in Essex County The Liquor Control Board of Ontario (LCBO) is created to regulate distribution and sale of all wine, beer and spirits, and to regulate Ontario wine Brights Wines removes 600 acres of native vines to plant new vitis vinifera and hybrid varieties and produces Canada s first vinifera wine in The Wine Council of Ontario is incorporated. In 1975, Karl Kaiser and Donald Ziraldo of Inniskillin receive the first new winery license in almost 50 years (Inniskillin Wines) Early vinifera vineyards are established by Chateau des Charmes, Cave Spring Cellars and Vineland Estates First experiential Icewines are produced at some wineries. The first commercial Icewine is produced in Ontario wineries create the Vintner s Quality Alliance (VQA) to set out geographic appellations and introduce strict production standards that became law in After three years of study, VQA designates two regional appellations and ten subappellations within the Niagara Peninsula. Currently 75 wineries in Ontario. Prince Edward County becomes a VQA appellation in The annual International Cool Climate Chardonnay Celebration is launched in Niagara, the first event assembling international winemakers for an event in Ontario.

14 Ontario Wineries and Wine 165 VQA wineries Produce still, sparkling, late harvest and Icewine Total planted vineyards: 17,000 acres (6,900 hectares) Average annual production of VQA wines of origin in a typical year: 30 million bottles (750ml) Total retail value of VQA wines: $400 million CAD

15 Ontario Appellations Primary Appellations Niagara Peninsula (with 10 sub-appellations) Lake Erie North Shore (with one sub-appellation) Prince Edward County

16 Ontario Sub-Appellations

17 Ontario Niagara Peninsula Ten Sub-Appellations

18 Ontario The Great Lakes System Profile

19 Ontario Limestone: Glacier Erosion and Mineral Rich Soil

20 Ontario Niagara: Great Lakes Effect

21 Ontario Niagara: Topography and Soil Soil types in the Niagara wine growing region Cross section of the Niagara Peninsula

22 Canada Icewine» Made from grapes naturally frozen on the vine» Low yields: 10 Icewine grapes = 1 ml Icewine» First made in British Columbia in 1978» First made in Ontario in 1984 and produced every year since» Most common varieties: Vidal, Riesling, Cabernet Franc» Small lots: Gewurztraminer, Chardonnay, Cabernet Sauvignon» Made in every region, 90% from Ontario» Average annual production ~1 million litres.

23 Canada British Columbia Grape growing and winemaking date back to 1800s with sacramental wine grown in Kelowna Modern industry began in early 1990s with vine pullout and replanting scheme under the Canada US Free Trade Agreement 1990s: rapid growth of wineries and vineyards; focus switch from whites to reds 2000s: High local demand for BC wine led to continued growth The future: Maturing vines, focus on site (sub-appellation), varieties and quality

24 British Columbia Vineyards and Wineries PAST, PRESENT & FUTURE

25 British Columbia Viticultural Areas

26 British Columbia White Varieties

27 British Columbia Red Varieties

28 British Columbia Growing Degree Days

29 British Columbia Rain Shadow Okanagan and Similkameen Valleys lie in a rain shadow between the Coastal and Monashee mountain ranges Oliver to the Canada-US border is the northern most tip of the Sonoran Desert, extending south to the Baja Peninsula in Mexico Very low annual precipitation (rain and snow) ranging between 318 mm (12 inches) in Osoyoos and 415 mm (16 inches) in Kelowna, 100 km (62 miles) to the north A unique climate best described as a SHORT, HOT, GROWING SEASON with desert-like conditions

30 Canada Resources Industry Associations: winebc.com / winebc.org winecountryontario.ca winesofnovascotia.ca vinsduquebec.com viquebec.com canadianvintners.com VQA Regulatory Bodies: bcvqa.ca vqaontario.com Grape Growers: grapegrowers.bc.ca grapegrowersofontario.com