Les Effects du Bruit des Transports sur la Santé de l'homme Health Effects of Traffic Noise

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Les Effects du Bruit des Transports sur la Santé de l'homme Health Effects of Traffic Noise"

Colleen Welch
6 years ago
Views:

1 5es Assises Nationales de la Qualité de l'environment Sonore Reims, 11 au 13 décembre 2007 Les Effects du Bruit des Transports sur la Santé de l'homme Health Effects of Traffic Noise Wolfgang Babisch Agence Fédérale de l'environment Allemagne 5 es Assises Nationales de la Qualité de l'environment Sonore, Reims W. Babisch: Page 1

2 and Hearingloss Noise Exposure (Sound Level) Direct pathway Indirect pathway Disturbance of activities, sleep, communication Annoy- ance Cognitive and emotional response Stress Indicators Reactionscheme Testhypotheses Physiological stress reactions (unspecific) - Autonomic nervous system (sympathetic nerve) - Endocrine system (pituitary gland, adrenal gland) Risk Factors Blood pressure Blood lipids Blood viscosity Cardiac output Blood glucose Blood clotting factors Manifest Disorders Cardiovascular Diseases Hypertension Arteriosclerosis Ischaemic heart disease 5 es Assises Nationales de la Qualité de l'environment Sonore, Reims W. Babisch: Page 2

Exposure Response Curve Road traffic noise Myocardial infarction Exposure-response function: OR = 1.629657 0.000613*(Lday,16h)2 + 0.

3 Exposure Response Curve Road traffic noise Myocardial infarction Exposure-response function: OR = *(Lday,16h) *(Lday16h)3, R2 = 0.96 Analytic studies Odds ratio OR Source: Umweltbundesamt (2006) 5 es Assises Nationales de la Qualité de l'environment Sonore, Reims W. Babisch: Page 3

4 Misclassification of Exposure Incidence of Major Ischaemic Heart Diseases Caerphilly & Speedwell Studies Group comparison: L day,6-22 h = db(a) vs db(a) Incidence odds ratio (OR +/- 95% CI) address only + window orientation + open window + 15 yr residence 5 es Assises Nationales de la Qualité de l'environment Sonore, Reims W. Babisch: Page 4

5 Day/Night Difference Prevalence of Hypertension Spandau Health Survey Day (Living room) Night (Bedroom) 4 4 Odds Ratio 3 2 Odds Ratio < > 65 0 < > 55 Lday,16h [db(a)] Lnight,8h [db(a)] OR = es Assises Nationales de la Qualité de l'environment Sonore, Reims W. Babisch: Page 5

6 Risk Evaluation Hazard identification Exposure assessment Dose-response assessment Risk characterization Attributable risk concept Risk management Regulatory options 5 es Assises Nationales de la Qualité de l'environment Sonore, Reims W. Babisch: Page 6

7 Conclusion Road Traffic Noise Ischaemic Heart Diseases Descriptive studies (cross-sectional) Threshold: L day,16h 60 db(a) Analytic studies (case-control, cohort) Dose-effect relationship: L day,16h > 60 db(a) Nameable increase in risk L day,16h > 65 db(a) L night > 55 db(a) Population attributable fraction Germany: (PAR% = 2.9) approx. 4,000 MI cases/year approx. 25,000 IHD cases/year 5 es Assises Nationales de la Qualité de l'environment Sonore, Reims W. Babisch: Page 7

8 Environmental Quality Targets Outdoors Cardiovascular: L day 65 db(a) Serious annoyance: L day 55 db(a) Sleep disturbance: L night 45 db(a) Cognitive impairment: L day 55 db(a) 5 es Assises Nationales de la Qualité de l'environment Sonore, Reims W. Babisch: Page 8

9 Thank You Calling noise a nuisance is like calling smog an inconvenience (W. H. Steward, former Surgeon General of USA) Contact: wolfgang.babisch@uba.de 5 es Assises Nationales de la Qualité de l'environment Sonore, Reims W. Babisch: Page 9

10 Epidemiological Reasoning Biological model Laboratory experiments on humans (acute effects) Animal experiments (long-term effects) Epidemiological studies (long-term effects on humans) - Occupational (high exposures) - Environmental (moderate exposures) 5 es Assises Nationales de la Qualité de l'environment Sonore, Reims W. Babisch: Page 10

11 Prevalence and Incidence of Ischaemic Heart Diseases Odds ratio Study Amsterdam1977a-m-air Amsterdam1977a-f-air Amsterdam1977b-m-air Amsterdam1977b-f-air Doetinchem1979-f-road Bonn1981-mf-road Erfurt1983-mf-road Groningen1989-mf-road Groningen1989-mf-air Caerphilly1988-m-road Tyrol1992-mf-road Berlin1992a-m-road Berlin1992b-m-road Berlin1992c-m-road Speedwell1993-m-road Tokyo1997-f-road CaerSpeed1999-m-road Spandau2003-mf-road Stockholm2004-m-air Berlin2005-m-road Berlin2005-f-road Review Leq,6-22h [db(a)] 5 es Assises Nationales de la Qualité de l'environment Sonore, Reims W. Babisch: Page 11

12 Lengths of Residence Total sample Sub-sample >10/15 years of residence Odds ratio % CI Pooled -95% CI Odds ratio % CI Pooled -95% CI <= <= Lday [db(a)] Lday [db(a)] >70 db(a): OR = 1.25, p = >70 db(a): OR = 1.44, p = es Assises Nationales de la Qualité de l'environment Sonore, Reims W. Babisch: Page 12

13 Road Traffic Noise Exposure in Germany Percentage [%] At risk >45-50 >50-55 >55-60 >60-65 >65-70 >70-75 >75 Traffic noise level, L day,16h [db(a)] Source: Umweltbundesamt, es Assises Nationales de la Qualité de l'environment Sonore, Reims W. Babisch: Page 13

14 EU Environmental Noise Directive 2002/49/EC Noise mapping Informing the public Action plans Until 2007 for communities > 250,000 inhabitants Until 2012 for communities < 250,000 inhabitants Noise metrics: L den (L day, L eve, L night ), L night National calculation methods (road, rail, air, industry) Harmonisation Until 2008 for communities > 250,000 inhabitants Until 2013 for communities < 250,000 inhabitants Reporting to the EU Commission (number of people affected) 5 es Assises Nationales de la Qualité de l'environment Sonore, Reims W. Babisch: Page 14

ILSI Workshop on Food Allergy: From Thresholds to Action Levels. The Regulators perspective

ILSI Workshop on Food Allergy: From Thresholds to Action Levels The Regulators perspective 13-14 September 2012 Reading, UK Sue Hattersley UK Food Standards Agency Public health approach Overview Guidance