Uses of Sweeteners in Food and Beverages

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Uses of Sweeteners in Food and Beverages"

Juliana Rodgers
6 years ago
Views:

1 ILSI SEA Region Seminar on Uses and Safety of Sweeteners (May 2013) A280-8E00CCB26F9C&ItemID=73 Uses of Sweeteners in Food and Beverages Dedi Fardiaz Department of Food Science and Technology, SEAFAST Center BOGOR AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY 1

2 What will happen when you chew your food or drink your beverage? 2

How do we recognize the taste? Copyright 2001, Sinauer Associates, Inc. www.lifo.

A sweetener tastes sweet Why? http://www.science.uva.

4 A sweetener tastes sweet Why? model_zoetreceptor A sweetener interact with sweetness receptor site 4

5 Schallenberg s saporous unit theory Shallenberger and Acree (1967) Sweet molecule contains H-bondingforming groups such as hydroxyls, amines etc. Sweetness: AH B Hypothesis Sugar H O (B) HA Receptor site OH B (A) A dan B electronegative atom, typically O and N H hydrogen 5

6 Geometrical saporous group is important to interact with the sweetness receptor Dedi Fardiaz site ILSI, Jakarta, 30/05/2013 6

7 How sweetness receptor site interact with sweeteners (saccharin) 7

8 8

9 9

10 10

11 11

12 How do we measure the sweetness of sweeteners? By comparing them to sugar (sucrose) Standard: a sugar solution of 36 mg/ml Example : a sweetener solution (4 mg/ml) tastes as sweet as sugar solution (36 mg/ml), then the sweetness is 36/4 = 9 (nine times as sweet as the sugar solution) 12

13 Intense Sweeteners INS Sweetness Acesulphame potassium Alitame Aspartame Aspartame-acesulphame salt Cyclamate or Calcium cyclamate or Sodium cyclamate Neotame ,000 Saccharin Stevia (Steviol glycosides) Sucralose Thaumatin ,000 Source: New Zealand Food Safety Authority 13

14 How do we classify sweeteners? Natural sweeteners Artificial sweeteners Natural sweeteners Extensive sweeteners (polyol, not as sweet as sugar) Intensive sweeteners Sugars Non-calorie sweeteners Low-calorie sweeteners Reduced-calorie sweteners Nutritive sweeteners (naturally occuring sugar, added sugars) Non-nutritive sweeteners (saccharin, etc) Which one do you like? 14

15 Flavor Profiles of Sugar and Sweeteners? Sweetness Saltyness Body/Thickness Astringent Fruity Sweet aftertaste Bitter Bitter aftertaste 15

16 Saccharin often gives a bitter metallic aftertaste at high levels. Blend or add certain compounds such as tartaric acid, dipeptides or gluconates to reduce this aftertaste. Compound Sweetener A product made from various natural or synthetic sweetenerstogether to produce compound taste and function. Criteria of good qualty compound sweetener: Good taste (verysimilar to canesugar) Enhances flavors, particularly those of fruit, chocolate, coffee and vanilla Masks the bitter after-tastes of intense sweeteners such as cyclamate and saccharin Easy to handle High solubility High freezing point depression High osmotic pressure in solution (low water activity) Acts as a good humectant Low viscosity in solution Browns readily (Maillard reaction) Application: Used in beverage, fruit juice, cold drink, dairy products, preserved foods, bakery foods, confectionery, etc. 16

17 Consideration in formulating sweety products We talk about the total flavor acceptability, not only the sweetness Several factors may influence the perception of flavor: - appearance - mouthfeel or texture Viscosity influences the perception of sweetness. Example: - Sorbitol is more viscous than other polyol (same T and C) - Replacing sucrose or corn syrup with intense sweeteners will significantly affect the viscosity, body, and mouthfeel - Adding solids or ingredients that increase viscosity will likely change the flavor perception - Because intense sweeteners are used at low level they have no influence on the surface tension or viscosity of the finished product The temperature at which the product is consumed influences the perception of sweetness and flavor(volatility of certain compounds) In producing acceptable products we need CREATIVITY 17

19 Thank You Very Much 19

Tips for Reducing Sugar in Frozen Dairy & Novelty Desserts

Tips for Reducing Sugar in Frozen Dairy & Novelty Desserts Jon Hopkinson PhD. 2018 Presented at the October 23 2018 Sweetener Systems Conference The products in question Ice Cream Type Frozen Dessert Actively