Canning Vegetables. Bringing information and education into the communities of the Granite State. In a Pressure Canner. Steam Pressure Processing
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1 Bringing information and education into the communities of the Granite State Canning In a Pressure Canner Steam Pressure Processing When heat is applied to a sealed pressure canner, pressure builds up inside the canner. Water inside the canner forms steam, which replaces the air in the canner. When the vents are closed, only pressurized steam hotter than boiling water remains in the canner and heat penetrates the food. Pressure canners reach an internal temperature of F. Know your altitude and adjust the amount of pressure accordingly.* General Directions Work quickly and complete the entire process in one session. Raw pack or hot pack foods following the directions below. If desired, add ½ teaspoon salt to pints and 1 teaspoon of salt to quart jars. may be canned without salt as salt isn t needed as a preservative. Hot pack Fill hot jars with hot vegetables; add boiling-hot cooking liquid or boiling water leaving 1-inch head space at top of jar. Remove air bubbles. Wipe jar rims. Adjust lids and process. Raw pack Cover raw vegetables in hot jars with boiling water leaving 1-inch head space. Remove air bubbles. Wipe jar rims. Adjust lids and process. Green beans before and after pressure canning. Low-acid vegetables must be processed in a pressure canner to minimize the risk of food spoilage. Pressure Canning Procedures Put 2 to 3 inches of water in the bottom of the pressure canner. 33While keeping pre-filled jars upright, place them on a rack at the bottom of the canner.
2 Notes: *Canning at Higher Altitudes: As altitude increases, water boils at lower temperatures. Therefore, the canning pressure must be increased to ensure a safe product. Dial Gauge Canner: For altitudes of 2,001 to 4,000 ft. process at 12 lbs. of pressure for the recommended time. Canner: For altitudes above 1,000 ft. process at 15 lbs. of pressure for the recommended time. 33Heat the canner to boiling and exhaust steam from the canner for 10 minutes before adding the weight or closing the petcock. 33Add weight or pressure regulator. *Adjust the pressure based on your altitude. 33Allow pressure to rise and maintain at the level called for in the tested recipe below by adjusting the heat. If pressure goes below recommended pressure at any time during processing, reset your timer to zero and restart the entire processing time. 33After processing time is complete, remove the canner from heat and allow canner to cool naturally to 0 pounds pressure. Wait 2 minutes and remove the weighted gauge or pressure regulator. Wait 10 more minutes before removing the lid. WARNING Low-acid vegetables MUST be processed in a pressure canner to minimize the risk of food spoilage. Table 1: Preparing Low-Acid for Canning Wash, trim scales. Break off tough stems, rewash. Cut into 1 pieces or can whole. Asparagus Hot pack: Cover with boiling water. Boil 2-3 minutes. Loosely fill hot jars with hot asparagus. Fill jars with boiling water or cooking liquid. Raw pack: Pack hot jars tightly with raw asparagus. Fill jars with boiling water. Wash, trim ends. Leave whole or cut or snap into 1 pieces. Beans, snap, wax, or Italian Hot pack: Cover with boiling water, boil 5 minutes. Loosely fill hot jars with hot beans. Fill jars with boiling hot cooking liquid. Raw pack: Pack hot jars tightly with raw beans. Fill jars with boiling water. 20 Minutes 25 Minutes Beets, whole, cubed, or sliced Sort for size. Cut off tops, leaving 1 stem and root. Wash. Cover with boiling water, boil until skins slip off easily. Skin, trim off stem and root. Leave baby beets whole. Cut medium and large beets into ½ cubes or slices. Halve or quarter large slices. Hot pack: Fill hot jars with hot beets and fresh boiling water. 35 Minutes UNH Cooperative Extension 2
3 Table 1: Continued Wash, peel, & rewash. Slice or dice. Carrots Hot pack: Cover with boiling water, bring to a boil, simmer 5 minutes. Fill hot jars with hot carrots. Fill jars with boiling water or cooking liquid. Raw pack: Pack hot jars tightly with raw carrots. Fill jars with boiling water. 25 Minutes 11 Lb 11 Lb 10 Lb 10 Lb Corn, cream style Husk corn, remove silk, wash. Blanch ears 4 minutes in boiling water. Cut corn from cob at center of kernel then scrape remaining corn from cob with knife. Hot pack: Add 1 cup of boiling water to each 2 cups of corn. Heat to boiling. Fill hot pint jars with hot corn mixture. 85 Minutes only Husk corn, remove silk, wash. Blanch 3 minutes in boiling water. Cut corn from cob about ¾ depth of kernel. (Do not scrape cob.) Corn, Whole Hot pack: Add 1 cup of boiling water to each 4 cups corn and heat to boiling. Simmer 5 minutes. Fill hot jars with hot corn. Fill jar with boiling hot cooking liquid. Raw pack: Pack hot jars with raw kernels. (Don t shake or press down.) Fill jars with boiling water. 55 Minutes 85 Minutes 10Lb. Shell and wash peas. Peas, Green Hot pack: Cover peas with water in a pan. Bring to a rolling boil and boil 2 minutes. Loosely fill hot jars with hot peas. Fill jar with boiling cooking liquid. Pint Raw pack: Pack hot jars with raw peas. (Don t shake or press down.) Fill jar with boiling cooking liquid. Potatoes, white-cubed or whole Wash and peel. Choose potatoes 1-2 inches in diameter for canning whole. Or, if desired, cut into ½ cubes. Place in ascorbic acid solution to prevent darkening (see below). Drain. Hot pack: Cook whole potatoes 10 minutes or cubed potatoes 2 minutes in boiling water. Drain. Fill hot jars with hot potatoes. Fill jars with fresh boiling water. 35 Minutes UNH Cooperative Extension 3
4 Table 1: Continued Pumpkin & Winter Squash, Cubed Small, stringless pumpkin such as sugar or pie pumpkins work best. Wash, remove seeds, cut into 1 wide slices, peel. Cut flesh into 1 cubes. Hot pack: Boil 2 minutes in water. Do not mash or puree. Fill hot jars with hot cubes. Fill jars with boiling cooking liquid. 55 Minutes 90 Minutes Spinach and other greens Wash freshly harvested leaves until free of grit. Cut out tough stems and midribs. Hot pack: Steam blanch 1 lb. greens 3-5 minutes. Loosely fill hot jars with hot greens. Fill jars with fresh boiling water. 70 Minutes 90 Minutes Mixed, except greens, dried beans, cream-style corn, summer or winter squash, or sweet potatoes Equal portions of carrots, whole kernel sweet corn, cut green beans, lima beans, crushed tomatoes and cubed zucchini make a good mix. Prepare all vegetables for canning except zucchini. Wash, trim and dice zucchini. Hot Pack: Mix all vegetables together, add boiling water to cover, and bring to a boil. Boil 5 minutes. Fill hot vegetables into hot jars. Fill jars with boiling water. 75 Minutes 90 Minutes Did You Know? It is important to allow steam to escape the pressure canner for 10 minutes before adding the weight or petcock, even if the canner is labeled as self-exhausting. This allows the air to be removed from the canner. Air that is trapped in the canner will prevent adequate heating of the jars and may cause the pressure gauge to give a false reading. For more detailed, research-based information on food preservation, go to the National Center for Home Food Preservation website UNH Cooperative Extension 4
5 Carrots need to be sliced or diced prior to pressure canning. About the Author Created: 2009 Updated by: Ann Hamilton, Food Safety Field Specialist January 2018 Catherine Violette, Ph.D, is an Extension Professor/Specialist Emeritus, Food & Nutrition. Chart adapted from: E. Andress, J. Harrison. So Easy to Preserve. Sixth Edition. Cooperative Extension. The University of Georgia, Bulletin 989, Visit our website: extension.unh.edu UNH Cooperative Extension brings information and education into the communities of the Granite State to help make New Hampshire s individuals, businesses, and communities more successful and its natural resources healthy and productive. For 100 years, our specialists have been tailoring contemporary, practical education to regional needs, helping create a well-informed citizenry while strengthening key economic sectors. The University of New Hampshire Cooperative Extension is an equal opportunity educator and employer. University of New Hampshire, U.S. Department of Agriculture and N.H. counties cooperating. For More Information State Office Taylor Hall 59 College Rd. Durham, NH Education Center and Information Line answers@unh.edu EXT-GROW ( ) 9 am 2 pm M F Search key words: UNH Education Center
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