UNCLASSinED UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. These data are preliminary and should not be quoted without permission.

Transcription

1 UNLASSinED ^ f^pf= f Ai ii<ltr;imi V UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGIAL SURVEY These data are preliminary and should not be quoted without permission. Prepared by the Geologial Survey for the U. S. Atomi Energy ommission. QgnlAL us^mtf i^tj^lbuutil SE ffils EQOiVlENI {S.UNLLVUIEU UNI ASSIFIED

2 DISLAIMER This report was prepared as an aount work sponsored by an ageny the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any ageny There, nor any their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the auray, ompleteness, or usefulness any information, apparatus, produt, or proess dislosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Referene herein to any speifi ommerial produt, proess, or servie by trade name, trademark, manufaturer, or otherwise does not neessarily onstitute or imply its endorsement, reommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any ageny there. The views and opinions authors expressed herein do not neessarily state or reflet those the United States Government or any ageny there.

3 DISLAIMER Portions this doument may be illegible in eletroni image produts. Images are produed from the best available original doument.

4 UNLASSIFIED UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGIAL SURVEY In reply refer to: Tehnial Letter Dribble46, Suppl. 1 Denver Federal enter, Denver, olorado Deember 19, I966 Mr. ames Reeves, Manager Nevada Operations Offie U.S. Atomi Energy ommis P. 0. Box 1676 Las Vegas, Nevada 89IOI. UNLASSlFlEp Dear Mr. Rseves: iluu^u^ ^ ^ ^^^^,, Transmitted herewith are two opies : ^ TEHNIAL LETTER: DRIBBLEi46, Supplement 1 FINAL INVESTIGATIONS OF WATERWELL OMPLAINTS RELAXgDO SALMON EVENT IN TATUM SALT DOME AREA, ^ LAMAR OUNTY, MISSISSIPPI By R. E, Taylor Additional opies have been distributed as indiated on the attahed sheet. Sinerely yours, W. S. Twenhel, hief 1^ Speial Projets Branh Enlosures (2) Attahment LEGAL NOTIE This report was prepared as an aount Government sponsored work. Neither the United States, nor the ommission, nor any person ating on behalf the ommission: A. Makes any warranty or representation, expressed or implied, with respet to the auray, ompleteness, or usefulness the Information ontained in this report, or that the use any information, apparatus, method, or proess dislosed in this report may not infringe privately owned rights; or B. Assumes any liabilities with respet to the use, or for damages resulting from the use any information, apparatus, method, or proess dislosed in this report. As used in the above, "person ating on behalf the ommission" inludes any employee or ontrator the ommission, or employee suh ontrator, to the extent that suh employee or ontrator the ommission, or employee suh ontrator prepares, disseminates, or provides aess to, any information pursuant to his employment or ontrat with the ommission, or his employment with suh ontrator. UNLASSIFIED ISSSSSSSiSM ioe ms BQfl2A@a K UNtrMiiED

5 UNLASSIFIED ONTENTS Page Abstrat 1 Introdution 2 s omplaints 3 Investigative proedure 6 Findings 8 Reommendations Referenes. 1^ ILLUSTRATIONS Figure 1. Loation water s in Lamar ounty and parts Marion and Pearl River ounties and test holes in viinity Tatum dome. Miss In poket 2. Water loations within 5niile radius Tatum dome, Lamar and Marion ounties, Miss, k 3. umulative number s (1^2) and springs (l) reported with 139 omplaints and inquiries on watersupply systems TABLES Table 1. s water omplaints 5 2. Alphabetial listing inquiries and omplaints about watersupply systems in the viinity Tatum dome, Lamar ounty, Miss X6 UNLASSIFIED

6 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGIAL SURVEY DehverPederal enter, Denver, olorado In reply refer toj Tehnial Letter Dribblei<6, Suppl. 1 Deember I9, I966 FINAL INVESTIGATIONS OF WATERWELL OMPLAINTS RELATED TO SALMON EVENT IN TATUM SALT DOME AREA, LAMAR OUNTY, MISSISSIPPI By R. E. Taylor ABSTRAT On Otober 22, 196^1, the day the 5kiloton nulear detonation (Salmon Event), the U.S. Geologial Survey and the U.S. Atomi Energy ommission began to reeive inquiries and omplaints about the operation water s and one spring in the area around Tatum dome. On the same day, the Survey began to investigate these omplaints. Inquiries and omplaints were reeived until Deember 19^5 and the investigations were ompleted in May I966. A total 139 inquiries and omplaints were filed on IU2 s and 1 spring. The differene between this number (l39) and the number s and one spring (l^3) Is explained by the fat that four omplainants reported two s eah. Inspetion sreens removed from kh losed s (31 perent all omplaints) revealed that losedsreened s had inurred no visible strutural damage but that a few motors had been damaged. The problems in most s were due to normal deterioration and delining water level. A preshot water inventory is probably one the best means lessening the number omplaints, failitating postshot investigations, and doumenting water and onditions. 1

7 INTRODUTION Sine I96I, the U.S. Geologial Survey in ooperation with the U.S. Atomi Energy ommission has been olleting data on water s in Lamar ounty and portions Marion and Pearl River ounties as part the waterresoures investigative program Projet Dribble, Lamar ounty, Miss. (fig. l). Basi data have been olleted on water onstrution and ondition, aquifer harateristis and delineation, and hemial and physial quality ground Analysis and synthesis data have provided an understanding geologihydrologi onditions and the physial ondition water systems in the area. On Otober 22, 19^^+, the day the 5kiloton nulear detonation (Salmon Event), the U.S. Geologial Survey and the U.S. Atomi Energy ommission began to reeive inquiries and omplaints about the operation water s in the area around Tatum dome. the s. On the same day, the Survey began to investigate The initial aumulation data from the investigation was reported in U.S. Geologial Survey Tehnial Letter Dribble46 (Taylor, I965). By September 10,., the date Dribble;6 was issued, about 128 the ultimate 139 inquiries and omplaints on li 2 s and 1 spring had been reeived; but not all the 128 had been investigated. The differene between the number inquiries and omplaints (l39) aiid the number s and one spring (1^3) is explained by the fat that four omplainants reported two s eah. This Tehnial Letter summarizes the investigations all (l39) omplaints. 2

8 Figure 1 shows the loation all inventoried s within the minimum distane 13 miles from surfaeground zero. Figure 2 is an enlargement the ongested 5 ile"radius area around Tatum dome. Within this radius, the preshot inventory listed 360 s. Outside the 5mile radius the number and distribution s listed in the preshot inventory dereased with inreased distane from surfaeground zero. All omplaints and inquiries do not fall within the sope these two maps beause the large distanes involved in some investigations. The maps and designations agree with those presented in Tehnial Letters Dribble 30 (Lang and Harvey, I963), 38 (Taylor and Grantham, I963), and k6 (Taylor, I965), in whih a more detailed presentation data is available. TYPES OF OMPLAINTS The water omplaints onerned either water quality or yield, or both. Table 1 presents a further division omplaint types into ontributing fators and auses. Tehnial Letters Dribble 30 (Lang and Harvey, I963) and 38 (Taylor and Grantham, I963) presented a detailed bakground on water s within Tatum dome area, inluding seletive water analyses. Tehnial Letter DribbleU6 (Taylor, I965) disusses in detail the omplaint fators and their auses. s omplaints varied from single type and single ause to dual type and multiple auses. 3

9 R 17 W R15W. OMPLAINT W*IER WELL Ar NUMBER LOATION MAPS FIGURE 2 WATER WELL LOATIONS WITHIN 5MILE RADIUS OF TATUM DOME, LAMAR AND MARION OUNTIES, MISSISSIPPI k

10 Table 1. s water omplaints ategory omplaint Problem ause Soure ause Explanation Water quality olor Iron Ground Well pipes. House plumbing. Variety reasons, inluding iron ontent, arbon dioxide ontent, and low ph value ground water; also, reation the water with omponents, water tank, and house plumbing. Turbidity Sediment losed. Sediment passed through the sreen. VI Open. Sediment passed through the asing joints (tile, wood, et.). Sediment aumulated at bottom. Well yield Derease Sediment hemial preipitation. Detrital aumulation. Deline sreen and effiieny. No yield Sediment logged or unprimed. Pump failure (funtional) Eletrial or mehanial malfuntion.

11 INVESTIGATIVE PROEDURE The investigative proedure generally attempted after reeipt a omplaint report was to visit the water site and to identify the exat problem, note the ondition the and assoiated equipment, and talk with the site owner or tenant. Basi data were reviewed ne^t to determine if any preshot reords the were available. Later, the was revisited to see if the problem had diminished or eased and to disuss the problem with the owner or tenant. On those s in whih either the problem persisted or some form mehanial servie was required, a water ontrator assisted in the investigation and performed all manual work. The more aute and emergeny problems were resolved promptly by shortening the foregoing proedure. Figure 3 shows the umulative inrease omplaint and inquiry reports during the investigative period after the Salmon Event. The plot does not represent the atual dates that reports were reeived but is the number aumulated by the time weekly administrative reports (usually dated on a Friday). Investigations began the same day as the detonation and the number inoming reports rose quikly. Seventysix omplaints (53 perent the total) had been reported by November I3, 19^^^ 22 days after the detonation. Fewer reports were reeived weekly after November I3, and in 26 the next 56 weeks no reports were reeived. 6

12 r I 1! I 1 T rn 1 1 r 1 r l r I r! 1 r I 1 0 V > E in..,1. 1 OT / r NOV ^^^ DE.*^'"*~' "^ AN FEB y MAR " APR ^ MAY UNE ' I I I ULY ^>' AUG SEPT " "^'^ OT NOV ^^ 1 1 I 1 1 DE Figure 3' umulative number s (l^2) and springs (l) reported with 139 inquiries and omplaints on watersupply systems.

13 An alphabetial listing, by owner, every inquiry and omplaint reeived during the investigative period has been ompiled in table 2 and inludes loation, bakground data, and any preshot reord the watersupply system, as as the type inquiry or omplaint and investigation. FINDINGS No evidene diret strutural damage to losed s (losed pipe system and sreen) ould be found. Some immediate effets the detonation on losed s were the loss prime in a few pumps and the agitation water in a few s. Indiret damage to a few motors on unprimed s was reported. Lak water to lubriate the pump aused the motor to burn up before it ould be stopped. asing and sreen from kh losed s (representing 3I perent all omplaints) were pulled for inspetion. All the s were in various stages normal deterioration; namely, rust aumulation in and on omponents, orrosion sreen and pipe, and sediment aumulation and enrustation in and on the sreen. asing and sreen or pump olumn from I8 other s were pulled by either the owner or the ontrator, but the full signifiane these operations annot be determined beause onditions and proedures were not observed by USGS. However, in most these s, normal deterioration was reported. Deterioration through orrosion or enrustation ommonly results where an iron pipe and a multimetal sandpoint or sreen are immersed in a groundwater environment. The preshot water inventory revealed that some s were already beoming unusable due to deterioration. 8

14 Some damage ourred to sreens, asing, rods, and other equipment when the ontrator removed these omponents from the ; but damage this type an be expeted from aged equipment and the nature the work. omplaint reports were reeived on 12 open s (open and exposed and lift system) and 21 ombination s (losedpipe system and sreen in an open ). The nature onstrution hampers investigations these types s. Of the 33 omplaints^ 22 represent s outside the 5mile~radius inventoried area; 9 the 11 remaining s inside the 5" ileradius area had a preshot reord known problems. ontributing fators to problems in these types s may be the method onstrution, large diameter asing that allows water a greater area in whih to move, sediment allowed to enter unsreened asing, and an average age about 17 years. A omparison preshot and postshot measurements in eight open s indiates that the Salmon Event had no appreiable effet on water level or total depth. At the time the Salmon Event^ waterstage reording instruments at a site 2.7 miles west SGZ and at a site 39 miles south SGZ reorded amplitudes waterlevel flutuation 0,02 foot and 0.01 foot. The flutuation is most likely a reord the movement both the water and the instrument. Open and ombinationtype s represent 23 perent the total number omplaint reports reeived. An analysis the number open and ombination s within a known surveyed area (the Inventoried 5mileradius area) shows that these tj^es s aount for 9

15 22 perent all s in the area. Assuming that types within the 5inileradius area are representative the region beyond, the perentage omplaints on open and ombinationtype s is nearly the same as the perentage open and ombinationtype s in the area. Evidently the hemial quality ground water in the viinity Tatum dome was unaffeted by the Salmon Event. A forthoming tehnial letter will disuss the results hemial analyses water samples from 3^ monitored water s in the Tatum dome area. The present onensus is that turbidity hanges are related to seasonal variations in the water levels. The availability preshot reords s investigated within the 5mileradius area and some s investigated in the area beyond 5 miles was a big help in the investigations. Damage omplaints were reeived on 32 s within the 5niileradius irle. This represents only 9 perent the inventoried s within the irle. Investigations uninventoried s loated beyond the 5mileradius irle were diffiult beause the lak preshot data for many s. Adding to the diffiulties investigations, regardless loation, were those s that the owner or ontrator servied before filing a omplaint. Thus, the problem either was orreted or worsened by the time USGS arrival, and there was no opportunity to evaluate the reported problem and the required work. 10

16 The preshot inventory the water s was a worthwhile proedure. Wellsite visits to determine the ondition the and the water before the Salmon Event not only helped in postshot investigations but also may have disouraged the reporting some baseless omplaints. Determining the ondition the, pipes, and operating ondition the pump plumbing; measuring the water level, total depth, and yield the pump; noting rust and staining; reording the owner's or tenant's report past and present operation and water ondition; and obtaining a water sample where warranted: all are important data that an be heked during preshot surveys and postshot investigations. For some vrells, preshot onditions low water level, rusty water, low yield, and other evidenes water deterioration ould have resulted in a omplaint if the had not been previously inventoried. Variables suh as age, onstrution, use, and environment make it impossible to asertain or predit omplete or advaned deterioration. These variables may also aount, in part, for the lak preferential omplaint diretion or distane from surfaeground zero. Further analysis the problem is also diffiult beause the human variable. Figure 2 shows that some omplaints on s are lustered in groups 2 or 3 This lustering may be partially due to the fat that when one owner or tenant has his examined or pulled a neighbor may also deide to have his examined. 11

17 Investigations utilizing water ontrators* servies resulted not only in free water serviing for the owners and tenants, at whih time they ould repair or replae defetive or marginally operating omponents, but also in a better evaluation onditions and in friendlier publi relations. ', REOMMENDATIONS Future groundwater investigations in an area that the U.S. Atomi Energy ommission uses for high explosive or nulear detonations should use the water evaluation proedure that follows this paragraph. This proedure will aid in the evaluation geologihydrologi alterations and in the predition possible water damage. The size the area and the intensity inventory will be determined by the density in proximity to surfaeground zero, size or yield the detonation, depth the detonation, and the geologihydrologi environment. Future work will establish and refine the system as experiene is gained on the subjet explosive effets on s. Outlines the preshot and postshot proedures used to investigate water s in the viinity Tatum dome follow: 12

18 Preshot survey water s whose density overage dereases with inreasing distane from SGZ 1. Obtain inventory and reord past performane; determine present ondition, yield the pump, and water level; and obtain a water sample. The number water samples obtained for analyses will be determined by density and analysis osts. The number partial and omplete hemial analyses will be based on available funds. All water samples do not have to be analyzed; some samples may be held in storage until the postshot investigation determines if the sample should be analyzed for ertain hemial onstituents whose onentration or value will not hange with time. hemial determinations should be obtained in the field for those onstituents that not only will provide an indiation the general hemial quality the ground water but also will determine the hange in hemial quality while the sample is enroute to the laboratory or is held in storage. 2. Establish (over a period time) a monitor system to provide a reord physial and hemial harateristis seleted s in the study area, 3. Obtain water samples for radiohemial analysis. k. Measure the water level and the total depth open s, and others where feasible, as late as possible before detonation. 13

19 5. Using pressuretransduer reording instruments or floatatuated waterstage reorders, reord aquifer response to the detonation. An instrumentation pattern should be established around SGZ to indiate diretion and distane response. Amplitude defletion and permanent deviation the water level will aid in geologihydrologi analyses and water omplaint studies. Postshot survey all s that preshot survey indiated might result in omplaints 1. As soon as possible after the detonation, measure the water level and the total depth s that were measured before the detonation. Periodi measurements should be obtained to doument these two important items information. 2. Routinely inspet the monitor system and the radiohemial watersampling sites. 3. Obtain loal water ontrators to perform all labor and servies. k. Ineslgate all water omplaints. However, the AE should use detonation yield, partile veloity, and other data to establish the radius fullinvestigation area. There should be a utf distane from SGZ where damage is very improbable or impossible and where a routine visit to the and talk with the owner or tenant would provide the neessary information. The area full postshot investigation would probably be similar to the area omplete or nearomplete preshot inventory. The foregoing proedures will be applied to the Sterling Event. Of ourse, muh information will be a arryover from the Salmon Event; and the new study will prit from and inorporate the lessons learned from the old study. 1^

20 REFERENES Lang,. W., and Harvey, E.., I963, Well reords and quality water in the Tatum dome area, Lamar ounty, Mississippi? U.S. Geol, Survey Teh. Letter Dribble30, 5 p. Taylor, R. E., I965, omplaints related to water s after Salmon Event in Tatum salt dome, Lamar ounty, Mississippi! U.S. Geol. Survey Teh. Letter Dribbleil6, I6 p. Taylor, R. E., and Grantham, P. E., 19^3, Basi data for domesti supply s in a fivemile radius Tatum salt dome, Lamar ounty, Mississippi: U.S. Geol. Survey Teh. Letter Dribble38, 3 p. 15

21 Alphabetial listing inquiries and omplaints about watersupply systems In the viinity Tatum dome, Lamar ounty, Mississippi Ijoatton: Top oordinates represent diretion in degrees and distane in miles from surfaeground zero (SGZ). Bottom ode represents township letter designation, the setion number, and onseutively inventoried within the setion; if not indiated, loation is in Lamar ounty. This same ode is used in figures 1 and 2. Depth: Depth is shown in feet as reported by owners; depth shown in frations feet or in parentheses Is as measured by investigators. Water level: Depths to water levels are shown in feet below land surfae; those shown in frations feet were measured on the date indiated. :, losed (losed and pipe system with sreen); 0, open (exposed and lift system); and X, ombination (a losed pipe system down an open ). lift: B, buket;, ylinder; F, natural flow;, N, none] P, pither; S, submersible; and T, turbine. jet; Name Loation year drilled Depth Water level Depth Date measurement lift Presho"0 reord omplaint reported Investigation Alexander, R. D. 258^10.6 P301 Marion o (49.32) De. 0 B WL 4.08 ft GL TD ft GL Ot. Yield, dereased, and water level delined. Sediment aumulating in bottom. Only 3.51 ft water olumn now available. Normal open problems. Water level only 1.73 ft below measurement. Alford,. F akson o Flowing X Yield, stopped water flowing. hek other s in area and review reords show normal waterlevel deline omparable to omplainant's present situation. Head still above ground level but below outlet pipe. Alton, L.. Anderson, G. W. Anderson, M. L. Anderson, Neval Anderson, R. L., r K ''l. 2 K72 062''2.6 K l.l KlSa I Water red in olor. Yield, low. Water reddish olor. Iron staining. Water lear. Low yield, strainer stopped up. Yield, dereased. red in olor. Yield, no Quality, olored stirred up and has some sand grains. Yield, dereased. Well ontrator removed sandpoint. Sreen openings overed with rust. leaned sandpoint, reinstalled, and pumped lear water at L, gpm. Water was stirred up after the detonation, but ondition improved with time. Previously reported that water sometimes beame red in olor. Pump inoperative but orreted later in the day Event. Water was orange in olor for a few days. Intensity olor diminished slightly. Well has a reord olored Pumped, water lear at 2 gpm. Sand does not seem to be major problem. Owner mostly worried about possible loss from detonation. Well ondition same as preshot. Yield started dereasing before the detonation. Barker,. Batiman, Evan K Marion o Water reddish olor. Yield, dereased. Yield, no Pumped without produing any notieable yield hange. New owner not familiar with. Daughter reported stopped produing, but has returned to normal now. Batson,. L Plii Marion o. 22 (13.5) Dry De. X loudy. Yield, dereased, later no Well failed about 10 months after Event. ould have been result low water table and plugging the aged.

22 Table 2. ontinued Name Baxter, M. A. Loation Pearl River o. Year drilled 1931 Depth (ftl 160 Water 1 Depth 27 svel Date measurement lift Preshot reord Water, red m olor omplaint reported Investigation Owner did some work on, inluding installing new leathers, beame muddy, later whih ould have upset the sand pak. Later the stopped sandy Yield, no produing, and owner's ontrator reommended drilling new. Probably normal deterioration hoked f Beah, enn Beah, H. T Beah, Ottis K O3.3 K Pl4 Marion o r Water, lear. Rusty fixtures Stains iron. stirred up. Yield, dereased. stirred up. stirred up, pumping sand and mud. Water stirred up by detonation but problem quikly abated to owner's satisfation. In Aug, there was a new omplaint Well ontrator pulled to reveal a rusty and enrusted system. Owner had plasti strainer installed at his expense while was pulled. detona Owner reported lear water and same yield as before tion. Diffiulty leared up m one day Owner is a driller and deided to pull asing himself to hek for damage. asing stuk during reinstallation. Owner reported no damage to pipe, et. Owner orreted his ownmade problem. BlaK, R. 0. Bounds, Houston Forrest o G Yield, dereased. red in olor. Yield, dereased. Owner reported yield as 6 gpm. Unable to hek water at, used yard fauet. Yield looked very good. Well ontrator pulled pipe, leaned, and installed new equipment Water lear but owner now unsatisfied with yield. Another ontrator pulled asing and found low water level and enrusted strainer. Rods were lowered and new strainer installed at owner's expense. Plenty good lear jater now. Breakfield,. B M241 Marion o S/ 78 X Yield, dereased. Well ontrator pumped Less than 9 ft water olumn in in. Well naturally running out water with normal deline in water table throughout area. Breazeale, Lavell K lear Yield, dereased. Well ontrator made adjustments on surfae omponents pump. Problem alleviated. Brewer, Mathie Do. Brook, 0. W. Broome, A Forrest o Forrest o L171 Forrest o ; D X X r Iron problem noted. Well deepened m Yield, dereased. sandy and muddy. do. Yield, no Yield, no Original going dry, so owner drilled idential about 12 ft away. Believe the problem is a ombination natural deterioration, normally delining water table, and pumping interferene between the two s. Do. A new ompleted m Aug.. Plasti asing has worked loose from pump sine onstrution. No damage. Yield dereased and later prodution stopped. Well ontrator pulled pipe, leaned, and jetted lean. Plenty good water now that normal aumulation was removed.

23 Table 2. ontinued Name Broome onstrution o. Loation L33 lear drilltd Depth (ftl ~ Water level Depth Date measure ment lift Preshot reord omplaint reported Quality, watpr rpd in olor. Investigation Pumped and water was lear. Well ontrator problem is inherent to the system. believes Broome onstrution o., tenant house Brown, Allen H M61 torrest o " Well reworked Quality, olored Yield, dereased. Unable to obtain information; omplaint not pressed. Pumped and water was lear Believe that exessive time required to fill tank is due to normal deterioration. Brown, T R. Bunh, H. D G near surfae 160 Yield, no Quality, olored Yield, later no water Owner attempted to pull the pipe and broke it. After fishing operation, equipment was removed, leaned, and reinstalled. Well yields a good quantity lear Owner had his ontrator work on w ll prior to reeipt report. Immediate investigation found repaired and pumping a good quantity lear Owner reported a rod had broke in bottom ; new rod and ylinder installed. Burge, Horae l Water lear. Inquiry. Owner requested radiation survey Sample taken to Test Site. Results were reported NEGATIVE. Do B'lrt,. Busha, Gain, ohn laude l H361 Forrest o K K Ot Feb X X Water "lear Yield, low. olored water (rusty). Iron problem. Stains fixtures. Quality, olored Quality, olored wate r. red in olor. Yield, no Yield, dereased. Water leared m a few days Owner reported that before Event water oasionally beame olored. However, water didn't lear after the detonation. Well ontrator pulled pipe and found worn out leathers and hek valve spring. Repaired, reinstalled, and pumped out dirt and rust. Good yield lear Later found hole in asing through whih air was entering system. Normal deterioration Well ontrator pulled asing and found enrusted sreen. New sreen installed at owner's expense Good quantity lear water now. ain, ohn arglll,. G. hilders, Mrs. Frank K B291 Forrest o Alb X X Water Water lear. lear Yield, dereased Yield, dereased. Yield, no Well ontrator worked on su'fa^ omponents to alleviate problem. Owner reported that yield is not as muh as befor'=' Event, and water is olored (rusty) at times. Normal deterioration Owner had own ontrator work on. Yield is low. Only 10 ft water in in. Problem is normal watertable deline in area and natural deterioration 19year old. the oastal hemial o Forrest o T Quality, m sand Well ontrator pulled asing and found breaks in liner above sreen. Wire wrapped sreen had a variety spae openings and the iron part liner was orroded. Water analyzed at for oorrosiv^ness

24 Table 2. ontinued Namf^ Loation Year drilled Depth ffti Water Depth level Date neasurement lift Preshot reord omplaint reported Investigation ourtney, A ? 130+ Good Yield, dereased. Well ontrator pulled rods, heked bottom valve, installed new leathers, leaned, and reinstalled. Good quantity lear ourtney, Alfred 129'4.9 K (45.22) Good Yield, dereased. Well ontrator pulled asing. Sreen was enrusted. ontrator Installed new sreen at owner's expense. Good quantity lear Dean, 0. L F161 Forrest o Water lear. Yield, no Well ontrator removed equipment. hek valve was worn out and stuk. Pump yields a good quantity lear water now. Debrow, Vollie 16 l? (61.83) B Water beame loudy and muddy at times. sandy and muddy. Water oasionally sandy, muddy, and dirty prior to the Event. Normal variation opentype. Water reported lear sine omplaint and Event. raking ement also reported. Diamond, H. R Rust stain. red in olor. Owner removed pipe and leaned everything. After pumping to remove loose rust, produed good quality lear Dikens, Evan I red in olor. Yield, dereased. Well produing air, and water is red in olor. Yield dereased, and when yield eased the owner pulled the himself. The hek valve was fixed and operating normally now. Diermayer, Hubert Mrs D131 Pearl River o (86) red in olor. Well ontrator pulled asing. Pipes were orroded and sreen was enrusted. Owner had new strainer and ylinder Installed at her expense. Well now better. Dobson, A K Water red olor. None Owner laims to have fixed his own. Elliott, L N ' Yield, no Well stopped produing Ot. 25, 196^. Well ontrator pulled pipe and found material holding the bottom hek valve open. Gleaned and reinstalled equipment, yields good quantity lear Entrekin,. E. I K324 i I960 G Rusty red olor. Quality, in sand Well ontrator pulled. Installed new strainer and asing at owner's expense. Normal deterioration. Entrekin, Roland K Water good. Yield, dereased. Quality, sand In Owner worked on himself, reported that strainer was damaged. He Installed new strainer. Well yields good quantity lear Owner made omplaint after working on the. Fairhild, Stanford i Water good Yield, no Owner reported that after returning home from Event evauation, he found the motor burned out. Owner had motor rewound and swith replaed. Gibson, B. M. 006''2.7 F lear, yield. low Yield, dereased. Well ontrator removed naturally deteriorated strainer. Installed new strainer at owner's expense. Well yields good quantity lear

25 Table 2. ontinued Name Loation Year drilled Depth ffti Water Depth level Date neasurement lift Preshot reord omplaint reported Investigation Gibson, F (76.50) X Water lear. sandy and muddy. Well ontrator removed pump from open. ould not see any leaks above water level through the urbing. Bailed some sediment out. Problem ould be season variation water olumn in. Gibson, W. M. Goens, Elwood Hatton, ^/ligll 008O2.6 F H321 Marion o K (65) ? X r '^ Water lear. Yield low. Water lear. No problem. oily and rusty. Yield, no Strutural problem, pump leaks and sitting above the ground. Dptonation may have ollapsed material supporting the pump. Oil m water nev^r onfirmed. Film on water may be fine rust. Large quantity rust removed from water tank. Water oasional] rusty. ontrator pulled pipe, leaned equipment, and jetted. Believe higlily deteriorated system. Well ontrator pulled pipe and found bottom hek valve stuk open by material loosened by the detonation. leaned equipment, reinstalled, and pumped good quantity lear Herrin, A. L. Herrm, ohn Herrin, Milton Herrington, ak Hession, Leo Holston,. T. Hols ton. ak Holston, ames O P123 Marion o Nll O790I8.9 F251 Forrest Go B241 Pearl River o MI9I Forrest Go F21 Pearl River o b (60.5) (35) ~~ u Water lear. Water lear. Water lear. Iron problem ' ~ Quality, olored wate r. Yield, dereased. Quality, sand in Yield, dereased. Yield, no Quality, sand and rust in Yield, no Yield, dereased. Quality, sand in Yield, dereased. Quality, sand, red mud, and trash m Owner worked on and beame stuk. Well ontrator pulled pipe, fixed bottom hek valve, reinstalled, aid pumped good quantity lear Owner had new 21foot drilled. Old pump burned out after pumping sand. Yield dereased until failure. Original pipe and strainer enrusted and strainer full sand. Believe mam problem to be aused by normal deterioration and delining water table. Well ontrator adjusted pump the first time. Later ontrator pulled asing and found water level below top enrusted strainer. Leathers and hek valve were worn out. Well ontrator leaned eletrial onnetions and heked pump. Well yielded a good quantity lear Owner leaned tank twie and allowed to pump m effort to lean out. Believe normal deterioration. Owner had new 75foot drilled after he deided that it would be too expensive to pull the old. Believe normal deterioration. Well ontrator pulled the asing and leaned sand and rust from. Strainer was deteriorated. Owner had new strainer installed. Well ontrator "emoved rods, replaed worn out leathers and valve, leaned, and reinstalled equipment. Water leared.

26 Table 2. ontinued Name Hughes, Mrs. ohn Q. Loation E125 Year drilled Depth 110 Water Depth level Date neasurement ~ lift Preshot reord omplaint reported Qiiality, odor. Investigation Inspeted water, bad iron taste and odor. Well ontrator also believed that problem was iron in the water and no detonation damage. Small water olumn in. Normal deterioration. ohnson, D. W P182 Marion o Yield, dereased. Yield dereases as is pumped. Owner reports that he has to replae enrusted strainer every ouple years. Believe problem is delining water table, enrusting strainer, and shallow type jet pump. ohnson, h. H Marion o. ~ Yield, stopped spring flowing. Owner reported that spring went dry but after a good rain it started flowing again. Owner said water tasted like pond A visit to the site in une found the spring dry; other visits found water flowing. Spring fed by small hill, believe ondition is seasonal. ohnson,. A. 0''2O Quality, olored Yield, dereased. Water beame olored right after shot and 3 weeks later water yield delined. Well ontrator removed an almost ompletely enrusted strainer. Owner had new strainer installed at his exper ohnson,. D. ohnson, R, H, Do. 187'4.4 M21 O KlO1 082Oi.5 KlO5 i G S Water good. None. Yield, dereased. Inquiry. Owner away but had ontrator at site. Owner dropped omplaint. No Information available. Owner had his ontrator install new rods, but owner was not satisfied. Another ontrator inspeted and adjusted pump. Believe natural deterioration aged. Well ontrator heked and pump at tenant's house. ontrator ould not find anything wrong. Keeton, Water red olor. None. The tenant said that he would fix the himself. that water beame red in olor. Reported Landrum, ohn Z M192 Forrest o Quality, olored Yield, dereased. Water leared in about 3 weeks. Well ontrator believed that enrusted strainer has hoked f water intake to. Nonnal deterioration. Lawson, Ed Little, H. S Forrest o S3 G Water lear. stirred up. Quality, muddy Water leared up the day following the Event. Owner removed pipe and strainer, leaned, and reinstalled. Problem persisted. Owner put down new the same depth as original. Water was lear. Believe problem to have been an aged and deteriorated. Lott, esse B Good quality. Quality, rust and sand in Yield, no Quality water inquiry at first. Well failed in Marh I965. Well ontrator removed equipment. ylinder and sreen full mud and rust. After new equipment installed, yielded a good quantity lear Lowery,. R A ? 110 Fair quality i None. A yield problem was taken are by owner. No omplaint.

27 Table 2. ontinued Name Loration Year drilled Depth Water level Depth Date measurement lift Preshot reord omplaint reported Investigation Luas, Grady D. PI 53 Marion Go, Yield, no Owner had new 167foot drilled. No attempt made to hek or rework original shallow. Lumpkin, ohn K51 Pearl River Go red in olor. Yield, dereased. Owner reports water is real bad after is not pumped for a period time. Believe natural deterioration. Madden, Floyd 0?0 8.8 G (23.2) B Good quality. Adequate yield. Quality, olored Yield, dereased. Water leared next day. More water olumn now than in inventory. Depth dereasing due to normal aging. Marion ounty entral Shool Do. MBride, A. M. MSwaln, Mrs. Mills, E. P. Irene Llij1 Marion o LI 62 Marion Go. 318''12.3 H211 Marion o Perry o < n. owing Flowing G \ 3 _ Low yield. Inquiry, do. Yield, dereased. Yield, dereased. Quality, sand in orange in olor. Shool has idential s about 50 ft apart. Water leaks through asing seal. Dereasing flowage pressure due to delining head and pumping interferene. Do. Well ontrator pulled pump and jetted, reinstalled, and obtained plenty Later owner had another ontrator drill a new. Water ould not be obtained near original but had to move about 300 feet away. No data available, owner (ohn V. Hinton) died and left the property to daughter who doesn't know muh about the Water leared in a few days. Owner pumped to the water system. flush Mills, Lloyd Marion o. 200 "lowing 0 Y '' Yield, no Owner reported that yield dereased and then eased. Well ontrator attempted to jet sand out unsuessfully. ontrator drilled idential about 10 ft from original, and a good quantity lear water flowed. Minter, G. E. O49O12.3 E muddy. Yield, dereased. Owner dissatisfied with water quality sine Event, also yield has dereased. Well ontrator removed an almost ompletely enrusted strainer. No evidene strutural damage; normal deterioration. Morris, B. H D154 rusty and muddy. Yield, dereased. Well ontrator leaned and adjusted some omponents. quantity lear water now. Good Moulder, hester Myatt, Mrs. Felix Forrest o F41 Pearl River o Yield, no muddy and rusty. Well ontrator worked on and obtained Owner said yield was low. Later owner moved away and sold house. Owner reports water beame muddy and rusty after Event. Rusty water prevalent when water first omes on; water lears after running a short time. Normal deterioration.

28 Table 2. ontinued Name Loation Year drilled Depth Water level Dspth Date measurement Preshot reord omplaint reported Investigation Nobles, harles Nobles, W. H., Sr KlO an, 1947 Quality, sand in red in olor. Yield, no Owner reports sand m water after Event. Well ontrator pulled asing. Sreen was orroded; holes allowed aumulation sediment mside sreen. New plasti strainer was installed at owner's expense. Water beame rusty, and yield dereased until failure. Well ontrator worked on ; owner wanted new plasti strainer installed at his expense. Good quantity lear water now. Overstreet, L. A G B ~ ~~ Quality, muddy Yield, no Owner reported his opentile had muddy water, and went dry 3 months after Event. Investigation omplaint impossible as owner filled the up with briks and other material to keep hildren from falling down the Sinh diameter. Owens, Hardy Nll X P Quality, muddy Owner reported muddy water after +he Event but the water was lear when heked. Repeated visits revealed that water was still lear. Pae, Robert Parker, G. S. Perkins, R. H. Piere, M. T G G D92 Pearl River o Perry o (32.5) loot X 0 G B Quality, muddy wate r. Quali+'y red in olor. Yield, no water Quality, sand m Repeated visits to revealed wa+er was muddy. Well ontrator deepened and put pea gravel m bottom. Water was still muddy. Pump runs out water in a few minutes New had to be drilled to about 86 feet before good supply lear water was obtained. No investigation, omplainant found the trouble and dropped the laim. Water was red in olor during the November visit. In February it was reported that after our last visit the quit yielding water Owner's ontrator found broken pipe and water tank and strainer stopped up. The was deepened 10 ft and new pipes installed from tank to the house. Our investigation revealed that strainer was orroded and filled with rust and sand, the water tank had rusty holes in it, and pipes were orroded. The water tank and pipe problem did not our until after our visit. Believe normal deterioration, orrosive water, and delining water table were the problems. Probably normal deterioration. Polke, lifton O D * 0 X Quality, sand m Owner removed pipe from open aiwi annot get strainer bak down. Pumping red sand while attempting to reinstall pipe. Strainer has very large openings that annot keep sand out system. Removal strainer by the owner destroyed any natural gravel pak that may have developed around the intake. Well ontrator worked the pipe down the. Porter, ohn Perry o "lowing 0 F Yield, delining head. Quality, some trash. Owner reports height flowing water is delining. heking piezometri surfae in the area revealed that head about +10 ft. Water flows out owner's pipe that is over 7 ft high.

29 Table 2. ontinued Name Pyland, V. G. Loation 0922l0.4 LI 51 Year drillbd 1954 Depth 400 Water level Depth tft) 100 Date neasurement lift Preshot reord Good quality. omplaint reported Yield, dereased. Investigation Owner adjusted pressure swith. Well now yielding a good quantity lear Rauls, Allen Forrest o " Quality, sand in muddy Water reported to be muddy and sandy when pump is first turned on after not being used for a period time. A hek the water revealed it to be lear with a few rust flakes. Normal deterioration required that a new strainer be installe when the was reworked about 2 years ago. Raybom, Selvyn ~ Yield, dereased. Owner's ontrator leaned out and installed a larger motor on pump. Believe normal deterioration and delining water level were the problems. Ready, R.. Rihardson, A, G. Robinson, Minnie Lee L^tt Rushing, L. H. Sargent, Henry Sauier, A. D. Sauier, Daisy Sauier, H. L, Saul,. M A Forrest o (121 Marion o El E K ones o I (74.0) '? N 0 s Rusty Water turns yellow in olor after heating. Water red in olor. ' Quality, olored and sandy Quality, olored Yield, no Yield, dereased. None. Yield, dereased. Quality, odor. Quality, muddy water and odor. Quality, muddy stains. Well ontrator removed a orroded and rusty sreen. Owner had new plasti strainer and pipe installed at his expense. Well water is lear, hot water is olored. Usual reation. Investigation, in Feb (16 months after Event), annot produe any reliable data. Pump was removed and filled ir Owner reported that yield dereased until no water was produed. Owner's ontrator deepened the and replaed old rod pump with new et p\imp. Later, owner's son said produed some sand whih broke the rods, ut the valve, and ruined the pump. Believe normal deterioration an siged and delining water level are the problems. Inquiry about the Event and relation to water. Old leaks and needs minor adjustments. About 10 months after Event, owner said that now the water had a bad odor. Well ontrator believes only problem is age and iron in the Water beame muddy after the Event and lasted for about 4. months. Odor problem has persisted. Well ontrator believes the problem is the plumbing and iron in the Owner reports that after the Event the water beame muddy and rusty in appearane. Five months after Event three rods broke. Later water had soma sand in it and still muddy. Well ontrator replaed deteriorated strainer. Well yield good quantity lear water now. Owner said that rust problem existed before Event. Owner had water heked for radioativity. Owner reported that the blew air up the outside the asing. He also stated that a salt layer was enountered while drilling the.

30 Table 2. ontinued Kame Saul,. I. Loation Year drilled 1950 Depth 336 Water level Depth Date measure ment X lift Preshot reord omplaint reported Yield, dereased. Investigation Owner reports that trouble started in. Strainer was replaed and valves needed hanging every few months. Owner also said that water level delined 50 feet in 2 years. Owner had the new drilled in Marh I964.. Problems ourred before Event. Saul,. L Red olor, rusty. muddy and red in olor. Well ontrator removed an almost ompletely enrusted strainer. A few holes were seen in the sreen. Rust aumulation on pipes and inside strainer. New strainer installed at owner's expense. Saul,. 0. Shulz, Harmond D72 Pearl River o (54.78) 20 15? Red olor, rusty. ~ Yield, pump loses prime. Yield, dereased. Well ontrator pulled pump, jetted, leaned valve and pipes, and reinstalled. Pumped and obtained a good quantity lear Later owner had a new drilled next to the house and then worked on the house so that a ontrator is unable to work over the. Well runs out water after removing 5 to 10 gallons Owner had his ontrator work on the. Believe shallow, deteriorated sreen, and delining water level are the problems. Shelton,.., Simmons, D. F. r E L (57.0) X red in olor. Yield, dereased. Well ontrator pulled pump and tubing. He fixed and leaned the equipment. Nine months after Event the new tenants report that they are not getting enough water from the. Yield dereases as is pumped. Well ontrator pulled pump and jetted lean. Well now yields a good quantity lear Smith, Henry Smith, Horae H31 Forrest o ? X Iron problem, rusty. Yield, no red in olor and some sand. Pump operates but does not yield any Well probably unprimed due to Event. Owner fixed himself. Sixteen months later owner omplained muddy water and dirt aving in on one side the tile. Problem probably normal undermining. When puhip first turaed on the water is rusty in appearane SonK sand and blak material also being pumped. Owner thought blak material was oal. The ontrator who drilled the does not remember drilling through any blak material. ontrator says yield is about the same as when was first drilled. ontrator believes that the problem both s is normal deterioration. Do. Smith, L. W H32 Forrest o, K Iron problem. do. Yield, no Do. Well ontrator found that motor had burned. He also pulled pump and fixed hek valve.

31 Table 2. ontinued Name Loation Year drilled Depth Water level Depth Date measurement lift Preshot reord omplaint reported Investigation Smith, Lavem n "" Quality, olored Well ontrator pulled pump and leaned. There is now a good quantity lear water produed from the. Smith, Mak K (37.77) Nov. Iron stain. Quality, olored Yield, dereased. Well ontrator removed pun^), pipe, and sreen. Equipment overed with rust and enrustation on sreen. Everything leaned and reinstalled. Yield inreased and water leared. Smith, Melton W. l Pearl River a Quality, sand in Yield, no Owner reported that after Event water ontained sand and later no water was obtainable. The owner's ontrator said ould not be fixed and reommended a new be drilled. New put down few feet from original. Smith, Mrs. Monroe Smith, T. W Required deepening 1963, drawing air. Water red in olor. Water turns red after sitting red in olor. Yield, dereased. Tenant reports that water is sometimes rusty in appearane. Reords show past history same problem. Well ontrator removed pump and strainer. ontrator leaned the enrusted strainer and reinstalled. Well now yields a good quantity lear Delining water level may also add to problem. Smith, W rusty in appearane. Well ontrator pulled pumpand bottom hek valve, jetted, leaned equipment, and reinstalled. Pumping the produed red water, then lear ontrator made some adjustments on surfae omponents pump. Sonee, Ben Stinson, W.. Sumrall, Mrs. Emma Tarbutton, E M43 Marion o G l (19.30) B Wide variation in water level. Water is muddy and trashy at times. Water lear. Water red in olor. has trash and odor. Quality, Quality, None. olored olored Tenant reports that after Event they were unable to drink water beause derease in water level and odor and trash in the PreEvent reords on this shows that water level in this tile has been muh lower at times and that the water has periodially been muddy and trash. Water is rusty in appeamae. Well ontrator believes problem is normal deterioration. Owner's ontrator leaned out. heking a new omplaint revealed that previous work was inomplete. Prospetive house buyer wanted a hek on the. We ould not investigate unless owner requested the study. Taylor, PI 24 Marlon o. 20+ (25.0) De. No iron stain. Yield, dereased. Well ontrator removed an enrusted sreen. This ondition plus low water level and use shallow jet pump resulted in a marginal yielding. New strainer installed at owner's expense. Thompson, lyde F (21.32) B Beomes muddy after rain or use. Old aved in I964.. muddy and has odor. Large opentile. This type onsidered by boards < health as ontsuainated without even testing.

32 UNLASSIFIED Thompson, H. 199*^ Thompson, H Turner, ak 271^10.6 P75 Marion o. Year drilled Depth Water level Depth Date neasur' ment Table 2. ontinued lift Preshot reord Water oasionally beomes red in olor. Sand in Quality, problem in De omplaint reported Yield, no Quality, sand in Yield, dereased Yield, dereased. muddy and has odor. Investigation No water obtained from after Event. Well ontrator pulled equipment, replaed leathers, and reinsteilled. Yield is lo^ and sand in Pi*eEvent reords show narginal water with problems. Water is lear and yield is low. Believe similar to preevent onditions. Probably normal deterioration. Owner's ontrator reommended a new. The owner did some work himself. Later, our ontrator pulled the asing. The strainer was greatly orroded and filled with sand and rust. New pipe and strainer was installed at owner's expense. Problem just normal deterioration. Well supplying good quantity lear Voss, Lavon Ward, R. L. D L62 285^12,2 L251 Marion o. Watts, H. E H312 Weatherford, D, D343 Williamson, K292 Williamson, I. 224'' Winslow, Mrs (50,0) (16.0) muddy and sandy. Yield, no Well was heked after the Event for initial omplaint muddy water, and it leared up in a few days. Later owner reported sand in Well ontrator removed a orroied strainer. Pipe was pitted. Sreen had large openings and peeled easily. New plasti strainer installed at owner's expense. Owner's ontrator said tile urbing had aved in. He removed pump and pipe from the eind installed them in a new 100 ft. Believe problem to be delining water level or else the new ould have been 20 ft deep like the original Yield, dereased. Owner reported that yield dereased after Event. Well ontrator adjusted pressure swith; plenty lear water now Yield, dereased. red in olor. 65 (52,20) 25 (28.4) Water red in olor. Rust stain. Water turns milky after drawing out few buket loads. Sandy. onstrution problems with pipe and wood urbing in. Quality, muddy Yield, dereased. Yield, dereased. Quality, sand in Well yields water whih beomes red in olor just before goes dry. Believe normal deterioration and delining water level are the problems here. Well ontrator reports that is almost dry. Owner reported that water beame muddy after Event but quikly leared up. A year later the same omplaint was reported. Only 7 ft water in. Well ontrator lowered jet and bailed the. However, main problem is deterioration and delining water level. Wood urbing this open has rotted and rumbled. Well deterioration and delining water level are the problems. Well ontrator removed pipe and made more perforations. Equipment reinstalled, and water reported to be alright. UNLAbbhiLD

33 UNLASSIFIED Table 2. ontinued Name Loation Year drilled Depth Water level Depth (:t) Date neasurement lift Preshot reord omplaint reported Investigation Worthy, Kirby Marion o F Yield, dereased. Ovmer reported that water eased flowing. Well ontrator jetted a good quantity water out the, thus the strainer is not plugged. Water level is 6inhes above grouiid level and agrees somewhat with the piezometri surfae throughout the area. Yates, P162 Marion o. 1,300? F Yield, dereased. Owner reported that water eased flowing. Water level about 6 inhes above ground level. Well ontrator jetted sand and water out. Total depth is about 81 ft. Rig moved over the. Attempted to wash out. Eletri log indiates that asing is 91 ft deep. New was drilled, now both s flow with the water levels about 12 ft above ground level.» ONUSSfflED

34 UNLASSIFIED UNLASSIFIED Distribution: NVOO ER Tehnial Library {k) Las Vegas Alexandria (8) DUE AEG DMA Oak Ridge DPNE Hattiesburg Projet Offie (2) Brig. Gen. D. L. rowson ol.. R. Barton HNS (3) SAN LRL H&N F&S. F. Philip R. H. Goekermann D. R. Rawson (2) S. M. Hansen R. D. MArthur^ Merury Basil Smith, Merury Las Vegas Merury {k) Las Vegas Tulsa T/DASA ol. D. I. Prikett uses W. T. Peora D. M. Lemmon WRD, Las Vegas (5)

35