Food and Physical Activity Deserts in Cincinnati: Myths and Realties

Transcription

1 Food and Physical Activity Deserts in Cincinnati: Myths and Realties Dr. Chris Auffrey Mr. Sagar Shah School of Planning University of Cincinnati Data! Fostering Health Information in Kentucky and Ohio Changing the Context Panel November 19, 2013

2 During , faculty and PhD students from the UC School of Planning worked with Hamilton County Public Health as part of the Communities Putting Prevention to Work project to create a geospatial database that can be used to collect, analyze and display a variety of different kinds of information about access to healthy food and physical activity in Hamilton County

3 Geographic Information Systems (GIS) software has been used to organize information about the places and their characteristics

4 People (aggregated by census tract and residential parcels) How many, age, race, ethnicity, income, poverty status, car ownership Places (in Hamilton County) Residential parcel (with building footprints) Census tracts Cities (w/ Cincinnati neighborhoods), villages and townships School districts Other Important Factors Bus routes with stops (all) Bus routes with stops near supermarkets Sidewalks Bike routes Food Sources Supermarkets, corner, specialty and convenience stores Full-service restaurants, fast food restaurants Institutions w/ food service (schools, social services, churches, healthcare) Farmers markets Community gardens

5 Source:

6 USDA Definition of a Food Desert Low-income (20%+ poverty rate) census tract where a substantial number (500) or share (33%+) of residents have low access (1+ mile) to a supermarket or large grocery store Source:

7 USDA Food Deserts in Hamilton County, OH Source:

8 Highest Percent 100% 91.3% 60.7% 38.9% 21.1% Lowest Percent 18.5% 3.3% 0% 5.9% 0.1% Census tract % People (Low Access) # People (Low Access) % Pop (Low Y + Low Access) # Pop (Low Y + Low Access) % HUs (No Veh + Low Access) # HUs (No Veh + Low Access) % Kids # Kids % Seniors # Seniors Neighborhood/ Community Total Pop 1 Queensgate West End Camp Washington Evanston East End Linwood/East End Madisonville Madisonville Carthage Bond Hill Winton Hills College Hill Mount Airy North Fairmount South Fairmount South Fairmount Lower Price Hill E. Price Hill/S. Fairmount East Price Hill Sedamsville Riverside Madisonville Springdale Lincoln Heights Newtown Elmwood Place Persons

9 USDA Food Deserts in Hamilton County, OH

10 o Land use (Agricultural, Residential, Commercial, Industrial, Public and Others) o Automobile ownership o Public transit o Distance o Food license locations Full-line food retail (grocery stores, supermarkets, supercenters) Fringe food retail (convenience stores, corner stores, mini marts) Community gardens Farmers markets Restaurants Fast food SNAP/WIC Key Issues Related to Food Access Food banks/pantries

11 Hamilton County Cities And Townships Cincinnati Neighborhoods Census Tracts Interstate Highway US & State Rts Highway Ramps Hamilton County

12 Where People Live Residential Parcels Cities And Townships Cincinnati Neighborhoods Hamilton County

13 Licensed Food Sellers Others Grocery Stores Others Sit-Down Restaurants Grocery Stores Institutional Sit-Down Restaurants Corner/Convenience Stores Institutional Fast Food Restaurants Corner/Convenience Stores Winton Hills Fast Food Restaurants Residential Parcels Winton Hills Cities And Townships Residential Parcels Cincinnati Neighborhoods Cities And Townships Cincinnati Neighborhoods

14 Food Retailers Others Grocery Stores Sit-Down Others Restaurants Institutional Grocery Others Stores Corner/Convenience Sit-Down Grocery Stores RestaurantsStores Fast Institutional Sit-Down Food Restaurants Winton Corner/Convenience Institutional Hills Stores Residential Fast Corner/Convenience Food Restaurants Parcels Stores Cities Winton Fast Food And Hills Townships Restaurants Cincinnati Residential Winton Hills Neighborhoods Parcels

15 Full-line Food Retailers Others Grocery Others Stores Sit-Down Grocery Stores Restaurants Institutional Sit-Down Restaurants Corner/Convenience Institutional Stores Fast Corner/Convenience Food Restaurants Stores Winton Fast Food HillsRestaurants Residential Parcels

16 Areas with Low Access CTs > 1mile (Avg) Cities And Townships Cincinnati Neighborhoods Hamilton County

17 Farmers Market and Community Gardens Healthy Food, Healthy People Food Access Summit March 1, 2012

18 Areas with High Poverty Census Tracts > 20% Poverty Cities And Townships Cincinnati Neighborhoods Hamilton County

19 Farmers Market and Community Gardens Healthy Food, Healthy People Food Access Summit March 1, 2012

20 Areas with High Poverty and Low Access Critical Census Tracts Cities And Townships Cincinnati Neighborhoods Hamilton County

21 Areas with Low Vehicle Ownership CTs > 20% No Vehicles Cities And Townships Cincinnati Neighborhoods Hamilton County

22 Areas with Low Vehicle Ownership and Low Access Areas with low vehicle ownership and low access = 125,198 Critical Census Tracts Cities And Townships Cincinnati Neighborhoods Hamilton County

23 Areas with Low Vehicle Ownership and Low Access Critical Census Tracts Cities And Townships Cincinnati Neighborhoods Hamilton County

24 Poverty = Low Vehicle Ownership Areas with High Poverty and Low Access Areas with Low Vehicle Ownership and Low Access

25 Other factors that should be considered Impediments o Corner stores, convenience stores o Fast food outlets Supports o Corner stores, convenience stores o Bus Service o Community gardens o Farmers markets o Enhanced corner stores

26 Farmers Market and Community Gardens Farmers Market Community Garden Full-line Food Retailers Bus Routes with Access to Grocery Stores Other Bus Routes Cities And Townships Cincinnati Neighborhoods Critical Census Tracts Hamilton County

27 Areas with Most Corner/C-Stores per 1,000 Residents Others Grocery Stores Others Sit-Down Restaurants Institutional Grocery Stores Others Corner/Convenience Sit-Down RestaurantsStores Grocery Stores Fast Institutional Food Restaurants Sit-Down Restaurants Winton Corner/Convenience Hills Stores Institutional Residential Fast Food Restaurants Parcels Corner/Convenience Stores Cities Winton And Hills Townships Fast Food Restaurants Cincinnati Residential Neighborhoods Parcels Winton Hills Cities And Townships Residential Parcels

28 Farmers Market and Community Gardens Healthy Food, Healthy People Food Access Summit March 1, 2012

29 Areas with Most Fast Food per 1,000 Residents Others Grocery Stores Others Sit-Down Restaurants Institutional Grocery Stores Others Corner/Convenience Sit-Down RestaurantsStores Grocery Stores Fast Institutional Food Restaurants Sit-Down Restaurants Winton Corner/Convenience Hills Stores Institutional Residential Fast Food Restaurants Parcels Corner/Convenience Stores Cities Winton And Hills Townships Fast Food Restaurants Cincinnati Residential Neighborhoods Parcels Winton Hills Cities And Townships Residential Parcels

30 Farmers Market and Community Gardens Healthy Food, Healthy People Food Access Summit March 1, 2012

31 Areas w/ most Corner/C-Stores & F-Food per 1,000 Residents Others Grocery Stores Sit-Down Restaurants Institutional Corner/Convenience Stores Others Fast Food Restaurants Grocery Stores Winton Hills Sit-Down Restaurants Residential Parcels Institutional Cities And Townships Corner/Convenience Stores Cincinnati Neighborhoods Fast Food Restaurants Winton Hills Residential Parcels

32 Bus Routes with Direct Access to Grocery Stores Full-line Food Retailers Bus Routes with Access to Grocery Stores Other Bus Routes Critical Census Tracts Cities And Townships Cincinnati Neighborhoods Hamilton County

33 Farmers Market and Community Gardens Healthy Food, Healthy People Food Access Summit March 1, 2012

34 Conclusions - USDA food deserts understate the seriousness of the food access problem in Hamilton County - Potential for using corner / convenience stores as a resource for providing healthy food - Potential of improved bus transit - Strategic placement of community gardens, farmers markets, urban agriculture, and new grocery stores - Use information to focus on areas of greatest need Estimate of Population with high poverty and low access Estimate of Population with low vehicle ownership and low access USDA UC SOP Measure 12, , ,198

35 QUESTIONS? Thank You