There are many organic flours on the market, but they are not all the

Transcription

1 Getting the best from organic and biodynamic flours stoneground at Little Salkeld Watermill. This leaflet contains : Information about the mill and our flour. Simple Recipe for making bread by hand. Using our flours in a bread-making machine. There are many organic flours on the market, but they are not all the same. Watermill flours are distinctive and special. Our customers say we mill some of the best flours you can get. This is why they are different from run o the mill flours: Waterpower. We use the clean self-renewing power of water from the Cumbrian Pennines to power two waterwheels, significantly reducing the carbon footprint of our flour.and oxygenating the water! Stoneground. Unlike modern roller milled flour, traditional stoneground flour is slow milled using horizontal millstones, which retain the full flavour and nutritional value of the wheatgerm, the part of the grain high in oil and vitamins that imparts a delicious nutty taste. Biodynamic. We re one of the few mills in the UK offering a range of Demeter quality stoneground flours. Demeter symbol food offers excellent flavour, nutritional quality, vitality, keeping quality and disease resistance. Farming, processing and management respect the integrity of all aspects of food production. Time of sowing & harvesting maximise positive cosmic & terrestrial influences; and use of sophisticated natural preparations increase plant vitality. Homegrown. Unlike most flour, blended from domestic and foreign wheat, we specialise in home grown grains - for flavour, value, and lower food miles. English wheat produces flour with a delicious flavour and soft, silky texture. Its lower gluten and protein content requires more water and time when bread- making. We recommend making a sponge and allowing the yeast to work overnight. Most of our flours work with breadmakers. The Watermill Little Salkeld Penrith Cumbria CA10 1NN organicflour@aol.com

2 We are one of the few mills in the UK that specialise in home-grown organic and biodynamic grain, unlike most mills which use a mix of home grown and some stronger, imported wheat. This is because we find that carefully selected English wheat has a better flavour and makes very nice bread - especially when hand made using an overnight sponge method. However it is not a strong flour and will not produce a high rise loaf, nor is it suitable for high stretch ciabattta or foccaccia breads. Strong flour is milled from hard wheats, usually grown in countries with a hotter climate than ours, and generally has a higher protein percentage (around 13% - 15%) than home grown wheats. The protein level relates to the gluten content in the wheat. More gluten increases the elasticity of the dough and allows the air bubbles in the rising dough to get bigger before they burst, making for a more open textured loaf. Less gluten produces a closer, denser texture. In our experience protein level is only part of the story we find that bread made with biodynamic flour produces an excellent flavour and texture, and, interestingly, even quite low protein wheat grown using biodynamic principles can produce a good loaf. Stoneground flours have been found to have a higher nutritional value than roller milled flours, and the retention of the germ (the part of the grain which contains the lifeforce which sprouts when you put it on wet blotting paper!) gives it a delicious nutty flavour. Unbleached White Flour 100% Wholewheat Flour Special Blend We favour biodynamic flours because we appreciate the holistic approach, care and respect for the land, its flora and fauna that it embodies. We ve also had reports from customers who are sensitive to most wheat flours telling us that they find biodynamic flours more digestible. This year we are milling two varieties of wheat Magister, and Natura Star both with a protein of around 9% - 11%, grown Harvest flour by two of England s biodynamic farmers Jo Bradley, farming at Hungary Lane Farm near Sutton Bonington in Leicestershire, and Leo Brockman, farming at Perry Court Farm near Canterbury in Kent.

3 Simple Bread Recipe This recipe is suitable for the following Little Salkeld Watermill flours : 100% Wholewheat, 85% wheatmeal, Unbleached White, Special Blend, Granarius, Harvest, Millers Magic, Four Grain Flour and Baker s Barley. We recommend the sponge method - it allows more time for the yeast to work, develop flavour, and break down starches and enzymes, making the bread more digestible. Ingredients 335gm (12oz) Watermill Stoneground Flour 1 Teaspoon Dried yeast Pinch of salt 310ml of warm water 100% Wholewheat Loaf Method To make a sponge put 100gm flour plus all the yeast but no salt in a bowl with all the water. Whisk or mix and leave overnight or all day. Add the rest of the flour and the salt to the mix. Knead the mixture briefly until it comes away from the side of the bowl, and then leave to rest for minutes,. This allows the flour to take up the moisture. Knead the mixture again, briefly, (just for a few seconds). Sprinkle a small amount of flour onto your bread board and then mould the dough by flattening into a rectangle, roll up the dough, turn 90 o and turn over. Do this three times making sure that on the last roll the width of the dough is the right size for a 1lb loaf tin. Place the dough into a well greased loaf tin, it should come approximately 2/3rds of the way up (1/2 way for Unbleached white), leave in a warm draught free place to rise. This will probably take about half an hour but may be longer... be patient! When risen fully the loaf will spring back if gently pressed. When the dough reaches the top of the tin put it into a preheated oven at 220C, for approximately 25 minutes. When the bread is cooked and tipped out of the tin it should be firm all over. Leave to cool on a wire rack. Wrap in a teatowel and it will keep well for several days. NB Always make sure that the dough is soft, and add a little more liquid if it seems a bit dry all wheat varies in its absorption of water, so exact amount of water needed will vary.

4 Hints for making good bread in a machine. Henk Glimmerveen is one of our team of millers at The Watermill and an expert in using our flours in a breadmachine. He uses a Panasonic SD-254 (the SD-255 has the extra ingredient dispenser). Always follow the recipe in the book that came with the machine. Some machines require all the dry ingredients to go in first followed by the liquids. Other machines operate the other way round. Follow the quantity of ingredients as advised in the recipe book. Such as 375 grams flour 25 grams butter. 320 ml water. There is some freedom in the amounts of salt and sugar or you can leave them out as required. Always choose the Short cycle, except for Unbleached White Flour. Any mixes of flour work fine in a Panasonic bread maker. This means any mixes of white and 100% stoneground flour. I have managed to make perfectly good loaves combining 3 flours. Pre-mixed flours such as Watermill Granarius, Four Grain and Harvest work fine on their own but will produce a flatter and compacter loaf. This is because there are additional ingredients in the flour such eg sunflower seeds that affect the rising process. To help this process along you could add ¼ of white flour and add some more water (330 ml instead of 320 ml). Watermill Rye and Spelt flour will produce a loaf in the Panasonic bread maker but as the recipe book states it will be more compact and dented at the top. The recipe book indicates that these flours should be used in the Panasonic SD-255. When used in the SD-254 (the machine without the dispenser) the result was a rather flat, dented loaf that tasted fine. But we recommend that these flours are best made by hand, not in a machine. Watermill Unbleached White Flour : produces a well risen, fluffy white loaf ideal for toasting. Select Long cycle for best results. Watermill 100% and 85% stoneground flour: produces a very tasty loaf. To let it rise a little more add some white flour. Granarius, Harvest and Four Grain Flours: all three produce a great tasting loaf but again add some white to assist the rising process. Rye and Spelt: although they produce a loaf, it remains very compact in the SD-254 bread maker. Try the SD-255 for which the recipe is written or make a great loaf by hand. Special Blend, Millers Magic and Bakers Barley: these are more suited to making loaves by hand. The machine produces a loaf that is tasty but very compact. NB The Panasonic recipe book states that strong white flour is needed. Strong flour is milled from wheat with a higher protein and gluten content, and requires a hot climate to grow well, eg North America or Australia. It enables the dough to stretch more and hold more air bubbles during rising, making a lighter, higher loaf. Our flour is milled from British wheat, renowned for its great taste, but not so strong, and therefore not able to rise as much. Nevertheless our flours work perfectly well in any bread machine to produce a nice, tasty loaf. All Watermill Flours are Stoneground from organic and/or biodynamic (which is also organic!) grains. Do contact us if you have any specific queries we ll do our best to help.

5 Getting the best from organic and biodynamic flours stoneground at Little Salkeld Watermill. This leaflet contains : Information about the mill and our flour. Simple Recipe for making bread by hand. Using our flours in a bread-making machine. There are many organic flours on the market, but they are not all the same. Watermill flours are distinctive and special. Our customers say we mill some of the best flours you can get. This is why they are different from run o the mill flours: Waterpower. We use the clean self-renewing power of water from the Cumbrian Pennines to power two waterwheels, significantly reducing the carbon footprint of our flour.and oxygenating the water! Stoneground. Unlike modern roller milled flour, traditional stoneground flour is slow milled using horizontal millstones, which retain the full flavour and nutritional value of the wheatgerm, the part of the grain high in oil and vitamins that imparts a delicious nutty taste. Biodynamic. We re one of the few mills in the UK offering a range of Demeter quality stoneground flours. Demeter symbol food offers excellent flavour, nutritional quality, vitality, keeping quality and disease resistance. Farming, processing and management respect the integrity of all aspects of food production. Time of sowing & harvesting maximise positive cosmic & terrestrial influences; and use of sophisticated natural preparations increase plant vitality. Homegrown. Unlike most flour, blended from domestic and foreign wheat, we specialise in home grown grains - for flavour, value, and lower food miles. English wheat produces flour with a delicious flavour and soft, silky texture. Its lower gluten and protein content requires more water and time when bread- making. We recommend making a sponge and allowing the yeast to work overnight. Most of our flours work with breadmakers. The Watermill Little Salkeld Penrith Cumbria CA10 1NN organicflour@aol.com

6 We are one of the few mills in the UK that specialise in home-grown organic and biodynamic grain, unlike most mills which use a mix of home grown and some stronger, imported wheat. This is because we find that carefully selected English wheat has a better flavour and makes very nice bread - especially when hand made using an overnight sponge method. However it is not a strong flour and will not produce a high rise loaf, nor is it suitable for high stretch ciabattta or foccaccia breads. Strong flour is milled from hard wheats, usually grown in countries with a hotter climate than ours, and generally has a higher protein percentage (around 13% - 15%) than home grown wheats. The protein level relates to the gluten content in the wheat. More gluten increases the elasticity of the dough and allows the air bubbles in the rising dough to get bigger before they burst, making for a more open textured loaf. Less gluten produces a closer, denser texture. In our experience protein level is only part of the story we find that bread made with biodynamic flour produces an excellent flavour and texture, and, interestingly, even quite low protein wheat grown using biodynamic principles can produce a good loaf. Stoneground flours have been found to have a higher nutritional value than roller milled flours, and the retention of the germ (the part of the grain which contains the lifeforce which sprouts when you put it on wet blotting paper!) gives it a delicious nutty flavour. Unbleached White Flour 100% Wholewheat Flour Special Blend We favour biodynamic flours because we appreciate the holistic approach, care and respect for the land, its flora and fauna that it embodies. We ve also had reports from customers who are sensitive to most wheat flours telling us that they find biodynamic flours more digestible. This year we are milling two varieties of wheat Magister, and Natura Star both with a protein of around 9% - 11%, grown Harvest flour by two of England s biodynamic farmers Jo Bradley, farming at Hungary Lane Farm near Sutton Bonington in Leicestershire, and Leo Brockman, farming at Perry Court Farm near Canterbury in Kent.

7 Simple Bread Recipe This recipe is suitable for the following Little Salkeld Watermill flours : 100% Wholewheat, 85% wheatmeal, Unbleached White, Special Blend, Granarius, Harvest, Millers Magic, Four Grain Flour and Baker s Barley. We recommend the sponge method - it allows more time for the yeast to work, develop flavour, and break down starches and enzymes, making the bread more digestible. Ingredients 335gm (12oz) Watermill Stoneground Flour 1 Teaspoon Dried yeast Pinch of salt 310ml of warm water 100% Wholewheat Loaf Method To make a sponge put 100gm flour plus all the yeast but no salt in a bowl with all the water. Whisk or mix and leave overnight or all day. Add the rest of the flour and the salt to the mix. Knead the mixture briefly until it comes away from the side of the bowl, and then leave to rest for minutes,. This allows the flour to take up the moisture. Knead the mixture again, briefly, (just for a few seconds). Sprinkle a small amount of flour onto your bread board and then mould the dough by flattening into a rectangle, roll up the dough, turn 90 o and turn over. Do this three times making sure that on the last roll the width of the dough is the right size for a 1lb loaf tin. Place the dough into a well greased loaf tin, it should come approximately 2/3rds of the way up (1/2 way for Unbleached white), leave in a warm draught free place to rise. This will probably take about half an hour but may be longer... be patient! When risen fully the loaf will spring back if gently pressed. When the dough reaches the top of the tin put it into a preheated oven at 220C, for approximately 25 minutes. When the bread is cooked and tipped out of the tin it should be firm all over. Leave to cool on a wire rack. Wrap in a teatowel and it will keep well for several days. NB Always make sure that the dough is soft, and add a little more liquid if it seems a bit dry all wheat varies in its absorption of water, so exact amount of water needed will vary.

8 Hints for making good bread in a machine. Henk Glimmerveen is one of our team of millers at The Watermill and an expert in using our flours in a breadmachine. He uses a Panasonic SD-254 (the SD-255 has the extra ingredient dispenser). Always follow the recipe in the book that came with the machine. Some machines require all the dry ingredients to go in first followed by the liquids. Other machines operate the other way round. Follow the quantity of ingredients as advised in the recipe book. Such as 375 grams flour 25 grams butter. 320 ml water. There is some freedom in the amounts of salt and sugar or you can leave them out as required. Always choose the Short cycle, except for Unbleached White Flour. Any mixes of flour work fine in a Panasonic bread maker. This means any mixes of white and 100% stoneground flour. I have managed to make perfectly good loaves combining 3 flours. Pre-mixed flours such as Watermill Granarius, Four Grain and Harvest work fine on their own but will produce a flatter and compacter loaf. This is because there are additional ingredients in the flour such eg sunflower seeds that affect the rising process. To help this process along you could add ¼ of white flour and add some more water (330 ml instead of 320 ml). Watermill Rye and Spelt flour will produce a loaf in the Panasonic bread maker but as the recipe book states it will be more compact and dented at the top. The recipe book indicates that these flours should be used in the Panasonic SD-255. When used in the SD-254 (the machine without the dispenser) the result was a rather flat, dented loaf that tasted fine. But we recommend that these flours are best made by hand, not in a machine. Watermill Unbleached White Flour : produces a well risen, fluffy white loaf ideal for toasting. Select Long cycle for best results. Watermill 100% and 85% stoneground flour: produces a very tasty loaf. To let it rise a little more add some white flour. Granarius, Harvest and Four Grain Flours: all three produce a great tasting loaf but again add some white to assist the rising process. Rye and Spelt: although they produce a loaf, it remains very compact in the SD-254 bread maker. Try the SD-255 for which the recipe is written or make a great loaf by hand. Special Blend, Millers Magic and Bakers Barley: these are more suited to making loaves by hand. The machine produces a loaf that is tasty but very compact. NB The Panasonic recipe book states that strong white flour is needed. Strong flour is milled from wheat with a higher protein and gluten content, and requires a hot climate to grow well, eg North America or Australia. It enables the dough to stretch more and hold more air bubbles during rising, making a lighter, higher loaf. Our flour is milled from British wheat, renowned for its great taste, but not so strong, and therefore not able to rise as much. Nevertheless our flours work perfectly well in any bread machine to produce a nice, tasty loaf. All Watermill Flours are Stoneground from organic and/or biodynamic (which is also organic!) grains. Do contact us if you have any specific queries we ll do our best to help.

9 Getting the best from organic and biodynamic flours stoneground at Little Salkeld Watermill. This leaflet contains : Information about the mill and our flour. Simple Recipe for making bread by hand. Using our flours in a bread-making machine. There are many organic flours on the market, but they are not all the same. Watermill flours are distinctive and special. Our customers say we mill some of the best flours you can get. This is why they are different from run o the mill flours: Waterpower. We use the clean self-renewing power of water from the Cumbrian Pennines to power two waterwheels, significantly reducing the carbon footprint of our flour.and oxygenating the water! Stoneground. Unlike modern roller milled flour, traditional stoneground flour is slow milled using horizontal millstones, which retain the full flavour and nutritional value of the wheatgerm, the part of the grain high in oil and vitamins that imparts a delicious nutty taste. Biodynamic. We re one of the few mills in the UK offering a range of Demeter quality stoneground flours. Demeter symbol food offers excellent flavour, nutritional quality, vitality, keeping quality and disease resistance. Farming, processing and management respect the integrity of all aspects of food production. Time of sowing & harvesting maximise positive cosmic & terrestrial influences; and use of sophisticated natural preparations increase plant vitality. Homegrown. Unlike most flour, blended from domestic and foreign wheat, we specialise in home grown grains - for flavour, value, and lower food miles. English wheat produces flour with a delicious flavour and soft, silky texture. Its lower gluten and protein content requires more water and time when bread- making. We recommend making a sponge and allowing the yeast to work overnight. Most of our flours work with breadmakers. The Watermill Little Salkeld Penrith Cumbria CA10 1NN organicflour@aol.com

10 We are one of the few mills in the UK that specialise in home-grown organic and biodynamic grain, unlike most mills which use a mix of home grown and some stronger, imported wheat. This is because we find that carefully selected English wheat has a better flavour and makes very nice bread - especially when hand made using an overnight sponge method. However it is not a strong flour and will not produce a high rise loaf, nor is it suitable for high stretch ciabattta or foccaccia breads. Strong flour is milled from hard wheats, usually grown in countries with a hotter climate than ours, and generally has a higher protein percentage (around 13% - 15%) than home grown wheats. The protein level relates to the gluten content in the wheat. More gluten increases the elasticity of the dough and allows the air bubbles in the rising dough to get bigger before they burst, making for a more open textured loaf. Less gluten produces a closer, denser texture. In our experience protein level is only part of the story we find that bread made with biodynamic flour produces an excellent flavour and texture, and, interestingly, even quite low protein wheat grown using biodynamic principles can produce a good loaf. Stoneground flours have been found to have a higher nutritional value than roller milled flours, and the retention of the germ (the part of the grain which contains the lifeforce which sprouts when you put it on wet blotting paper!) gives it a delicious nutty flavour. Unbleached White Flour 100% Wholewheat Flour Special Blend We favour biodynamic flours because we appreciate the holistic approach, care and respect for the land, its flora and fauna that it embodies. We ve also had reports from customers who are sensitive to most wheat flours telling us that they find biodynamic flours more digestible. This year we are milling two varieties of wheat Magister, and Natura Star both with a protein of around 9% - 11%, grown Harvest flour by two of England s biodynamic farmers Jo Bradley, farming at Hungary Lane Farm near Sutton Bonington in Leicestershire, and Leo Brockman, farming at Perry Court Farm near Canterbury in Kent.

11 Simple Bread Recipe This recipe is suitable for the following Little Salkeld Watermill flours : 100% Wholewheat, 85% wheatmeal, Unbleached White, Special Blend, Granarius, Harvest, Millers Magic, Four Grain Flour and Baker s Barley. We recommend the sponge method - it allows more time for the yeast to work, develop flavour, and break down starches and enzymes, making the bread more digestible. Ingredients 335gm (12oz) Watermill Stoneground Flour 1 Teaspoon Dried yeast Pinch of salt 310ml of warm water 100% Wholewheat Loaf Method To make a sponge put 100gm flour plus all the yeast but no salt in a bowl with all the water. Whisk or mix and leave overnight or all day. Add the rest of the flour and the salt to the mix. Knead the mixture briefly until it comes away from the side of the bowl, and then leave to rest for minutes,. This allows the flour to take up the moisture. Knead the mixture again, briefly, (just for a few seconds). Sprinkle a small amount of flour onto your bread board and then mould the dough by flattening into a rectangle, roll up the dough, turn 90 o and turn over. Do this three times making sure that on the last roll the width of the dough is the right size for a 1lb loaf tin. Place the dough into a well greased loaf tin, it should come approximately 2/3rds of the way up (1/2 way for Unbleached white), leave in a warm draught free place to rise. This will probably take about half an hour but may be longer... be patient! When risen fully the loaf will spring back if gently pressed. When the dough reaches the top of the tin put it into a preheated oven at 220C, for approximately 25 minutes. When the bread is cooked and tipped out of the tin it should be firm all over. Leave to cool on a wire rack. Wrap in a teatowel and it will keep well for several days. NB Always make sure that the dough is soft, and add a little more liquid if it seems a bit dry all wheat varies in its absorption of water, so exact amount of water needed will vary.

12 Hints for making good bread in a machine. Henk Glimmerveen is one of our team of millers at The Watermill and an expert in using our flours in a breadmachine. He uses a Panasonic SD-254 (the SD-255 has the extra ingredient dispenser). Always follow the recipe in the book that came with the machine. Some machines require all the dry ingredients to go in first followed by the liquids. Other machines operate the other way round. Follow the quantity of ingredients as advised in the recipe book. Such as 375 grams flour 25 grams butter. 320 ml water. There is some freedom in the amounts of salt and sugar or you can leave them out as required. Always choose the Short cycle, except for Unbleached White Flour. Any mixes of flour work fine in a Panasonic bread maker. This means any mixes of white and 100% stoneground flour. I have managed to make perfectly good loaves combining 3 flours. Pre-mixed flours such as Watermill Granarius, Four Grain and Harvest work fine on their own but will produce a flatter and compacter loaf. This is because there are additional ingredients in the flour such eg sunflower seeds that affect the rising process. To help this process along you could add ¼ of white flour and add some more water (330 ml instead of 320 ml). Watermill Rye and Spelt flour will produce a loaf in the Panasonic bread maker but as the recipe book states it will be more compact and dented at the top. The recipe book indicates that these flours should be used in the Panasonic SD-255. When used in the SD-254 (the machine without the dispenser) the result was a rather flat, dented loaf that tasted fine. But we recommend that these flours are best made by hand, not in a machine. Watermill Unbleached White Flour : produces a well risen, fluffy white loaf ideal for toasting. Select Long cycle for best results. Watermill 100% and 85% stoneground flour: produces a very tasty loaf. To let it rise a little more add some white flour. Granarius, Harvest and Four Grain Flours: all three produce a great tasting loaf but again add some white to assist the rising process. Rye and Spelt: although they produce a loaf, it remains very compact in the SD-254 bread maker. Try the SD-255 for which the recipe is written or make a great loaf by hand. Special Blend, Millers Magic and Bakers Barley: these are more suited to making loaves by hand. The machine produces a loaf that is tasty but very compact. NB The Panasonic recipe book states that strong white flour is needed. Strong flour is milled from wheat with a higher protein and gluten content, and requires a hot climate to grow well, eg North America or Australia. It enables the dough to stretch more and hold more air bubbles during rising, making a lighter, higher loaf. Our flour is milled from British wheat, renowned for its great taste, but not so strong, and therefore not able to rise as much. Nevertheless our flours work perfectly well in any bread machine to produce a nice, tasty loaf. All Watermill Flours are Stoneground from organic and/or biodynamic (which is also organic!) grains. Do contact us if you have any specific queries we ll do our best to help.

13 Getting the best from organic and biodynamic flours stoneground at Little Salkeld Watermill. This leaflet contains : Information about the mill and our flour. Simple Recipe for making bread by hand. Using our flours in a bread-making machine. There are many organic flours on the market, but they are not all the same. Watermill flours are distinctive and special. Our customers say we mill some of the best flours you can get. This is why they are different from run o the mill flours: Waterpower. We use the clean self-renewing power of water from the Cumbrian Pennines to power two waterwheels, significantly reducing the carbon footprint of our flour.and oxygenating the water! Stoneground. Unlike modern roller milled flour, traditional stoneground flour is slow milled using horizontal millstones, which retain the full flavour and nutritional value of the wheatgerm, the part of the grain high in oil and vitamins that imparts a delicious nutty taste. Biodynamic. We re one of the few mills in the UK offering a range of Demeter quality stoneground flours. Demeter symbol food offers excellent flavour, nutritional quality, vitality, keeping quality and disease resistance. Farming, processing and management respect the integrity of all aspects of food production. Time of sowing & harvesting maximise positive cosmic & terrestrial influences; and use of sophisticated natural preparations increase plant vitality. Homegrown. Unlike most flour, blended from domestic and foreign wheat, we specialise in home grown grains - for flavour, value, and lower food miles. English wheat produces flour with a delicious flavour and soft, silky texture. Its lower gluten and protein content requires more water and time when bread- making. We recommend making a sponge and allowing the yeast to work overnight. Most of our flours work with breadmakers. The Watermill Little Salkeld Penrith Cumbria CA10 1NN organicflour@aol.com

14 We are one of the few mills in the UK that specialise in home-grown organic and biodynamic grain, unlike most mills which use a mix of home grown and some stronger, imported wheat. This is because we find that carefully selected English wheat has a better flavour and makes very nice bread - especially when hand made using an overnight sponge method. However it is not a strong flour and will not produce a high rise loaf, nor is it suitable for high stretch ciabattta or foccaccia breads. Strong flour is milled from hard wheats, usually grown in countries with a hotter climate than ours, and generally has a higher protein percentage (around 13% - 15%) than home grown wheats. The protein level relates to the gluten content in the wheat. More gluten increases the elasticity of the dough and allows the air bubbles in the rising dough to get bigger before they burst, making for a more open textured loaf. Less gluten produces a closer, denser texture. In our experience protein level is only part of the story we find that bread made with biodynamic flour produces an excellent flavour and texture, and, interestingly, even quite low protein wheat grown using biodynamic principles can produce a good loaf. Stoneground flours have been found to have a higher nutritional value than roller milled flours, and the retention of the germ (the part of the grain which contains the lifeforce which sprouts when you put it on wet blotting paper!) gives it a delicious nutty flavour. Unbleached White Flour 100% Wholewheat Flour Special Blend We favour biodynamic flours because we appreciate the holistic approach, care and respect for the land, its flora and fauna that it embodies. We ve also had reports from customers who are sensitive to most wheat flours telling us that they find biodynamic flours more digestible. This year we are milling two varieties of wheat Magister, and Natura Star both with a protein of around 9% - 11%, grown Harvest flour by two of England s biodynamic farmers Jo Bradley, farming at Hungary Lane Farm near Sutton Bonington in Leicestershire, and Leo Brockman, farming at Perry Court Farm near Canterbury in Kent.

15 Simple Bread Recipe This recipe is suitable for the following Little Salkeld Watermill flours : 100% Wholewheat, 85% wheatmeal, Unbleached White, Special Blend, Granarius, Harvest, Millers Magic, Four Grain Flour and Baker s Barley. We recommend the sponge method - it allows more time for the yeast to work, develop flavour, and break down starches and enzymes, making the bread more digestible. Ingredients 335gm (12oz) Watermill Stoneground Flour 1 Teaspoon Dried yeast Pinch of salt 310ml of warm water 100% Wholewheat Loaf Method To make a sponge put 100gm flour plus all the yeast but no salt in a bowl with all the water. Whisk or mix and leave overnight or all day. Add the rest of the flour and the salt to the mix. Knead the mixture briefly until it comes away from the side of the bowl, and then leave to rest for minutes,. This allows the flour to take up the moisture. Knead the mixture again, briefly, (just for a few seconds). Sprinkle a small amount of flour onto your bread board and then mould the dough by flattening into a rectangle, roll up the dough, turn 90 o and turn over. Do this three times making sure that on the last roll the width of the dough is the right size for a 1lb loaf tin. Place the dough into a well greased loaf tin, it should come approximately 2/3rds of the way up (1/2 way for Unbleached white), leave in a warm draught free place to rise. This will probably take about half an hour but may be longer... be patient! When risen fully the loaf will spring back if gently pressed. When the dough reaches the top of the tin put it into a preheated oven at 220C, for approximately 25 minutes. When the bread is cooked and tipped out of the tin it should be firm all over. Leave to cool on a wire rack. Wrap in a teatowel and it will keep well for several days. NB Always make sure that the dough is soft, and add a little more liquid if it seems a bit dry all wheat varies in its absorption of water, so exact amount of water needed will vary.

16 Hints for making good bread in a machine. Henk Glimmerveen is one of our team of millers at The Watermill and an expert in using our flours in a breadmachine. He uses a Panasonic SD-254 (the SD-255 has the extra ingredient dispenser). Always follow the recipe in the book that came with the machine. Some machines require all the dry ingredients to go in first followed by the liquids. Other machines operate the other way round. Follow the quantity of ingredients as advised in the recipe book. Such as 375 grams flour 25 grams butter. 320 ml water. There is some freedom in the amounts of salt and sugar or you can leave them out as required. Always choose the Short cycle, except for Unbleached White Flour. Any mixes of flour work fine in a Panasonic bread maker. This means any mixes of white and 100% stoneground flour. I have managed to make perfectly good loaves combining 3 flours. Pre-mixed flours such as Watermill Granarius, Four Grain and Harvest work fine on their own but will produce a flatter and compacter loaf. This is because there are additional ingredients in the flour such eg sunflower seeds that affect the rising process. To help this process along you could add ¼ of white flour and add some more water (330 ml instead of 320 ml). Watermill Rye and Spelt flour will produce a loaf in the Panasonic bread maker but as the recipe book states it will be more compact and dented at the top. The recipe book indicates that these flours should be used in the Panasonic SD-255. When used in the SD-254 (the machine without the dispenser) the result was a rather flat, dented loaf that tasted fine. But we recommend that these flours are best made by hand, not in a machine. Watermill Unbleached White Flour : produces a well risen, fluffy white loaf ideal for toasting. Select Long cycle for best results. Watermill 100% and 85% stoneground flour: produces a very tasty loaf. To let it rise a little more add some white flour. Granarius, Harvest and Four Grain Flours: all three produce a great tasting loaf but again add some white to assist the rising process. Rye and Spelt: although they produce a loaf, it remains very compact in the SD-254 bread maker. Try the SD-255 for which the recipe is written or make a great loaf by hand. Special Blend, Millers Magic and Bakers Barley: these are more suited to making loaves by hand. The machine produces a loaf that is tasty but very compact. NB The Panasonic recipe book states that strong white flour is needed. Strong flour is milled from wheat with a higher protein and gluten content, and requires a hot climate to grow well, eg North America or Australia. It enables the dough to stretch more and hold more air bubbles during rising, making a lighter, higher loaf. Our flour is milled from British wheat, renowned for its great taste, but not so strong, and therefore not able to rise as much. Nevertheless our flours work perfectly well in any bread machine to produce a nice, tasty loaf. All Watermill Flours are Stoneground from organic and/or biodynamic (which is also organic!) grains. Do contact us if you have any specific queries we ll do our best to help.

17 Getting the best from organic and biodynamic flours stoneground at Little Salkeld Watermill. This leaflet contains : Information about the mill and our flour. Simple Recipe for making bread by hand. Using our flours in a bread-making machine. There are many organic flours on the market, but they are not all the same. Watermill flours are distinctive and special. Our customers say we mill some of the best flours you can get. This is why they are different from run o the mill flours: Waterpower. We use the clean self-renewing power of water from the Cumbrian Pennines to power two waterwheels, significantly reducing the carbon footprint of our flour.and oxygenating the water! Stoneground. Unlike modern roller milled flour, traditional stoneground flour is slow milled using horizontal millstones, which retain the full flavour and nutritional value of the wheatgerm, the part of the grain high in oil and vitamins that imparts a delicious nutty taste. Biodynamic. We re one of the few mills in the UK offering a range of Demeter quality stoneground flours. Demeter symbol food offers excellent flavour, nutritional quality, vitality, keeping quality and disease resistance. Farming, processing and management respect the integrity of all aspects of food production. Time of sowing & harvesting maximise positive cosmic & terrestrial influences; and use of sophisticated natural preparations increase plant vitality. Homegrown. Unlike most flour, blended from domestic and foreign wheat, we specialise in home grown grains - for flavour, value, and lower food miles. English wheat produces flour with a delicious flavour and soft, silky texture. Its lower gluten and protein content requires more water and time when bread- making. We recommend making a sponge and allowing the yeast to work overnight. Most of our flours work with breadmakers. The Watermill Little Salkeld Penrith Cumbria CA10 1NN organicflour@aol.com

18 We are one of the few mills in the UK that specialise in home-grown organic and biodynamic grain, unlike most mills which use a mix of home grown and some stronger, imported wheat. This is because we find that carefully selected English wheat has a better flavour and makes very nice bread - especially when hand made using an overnight sponge method. However it is not a strong flour and will not produce a high rise loaf, nor is it suitable for high stretch ciabattta or foccaccia breads. Strong flour is milled from hard wheats, usually grown in countries with a hotter climate than ours, and generally has a higher protein percentage (around 13% - 15%) than home grown wheats. The protein level relates to the gluten content in the wheat. More gluten increases the elasticity of the dough and allows the air bubbles in the rising dough to get bigger before they burst, making for a more open textured loaf. Less gluten produces a closer, denser texture. In our experience protein level is only part of the story we find that bread made with biodynamic flour produces an excellent flavour and texture, and, interestingly, even quite low protein wheat grown using biodynamic principles can produce a good loaf. Stoneground flours have been found to have a higher nutritional value than roller milled flours, and the retention of the germ (the part of the grain which contains the lifeforce which sprouts when you put it on wet blotting paper!) gives it a delicious nutty flavour. Unbleached White Flour 100% Wholewheat Flour Special Blend We favour biodynamic flours because we appreciate the holistic approach, care and respect for the land, its flora and fauna that it embodies. We ve also had reports from customers who are sensitive to most wheat flours telling us that they find biodynamic flours more digestible. This year we are milling two varieties of wheat Magister, and Natura Star both with a protein of around 9% - 11%, grown Harvest flour by two of England s biodynamic farmers Jo Bradley, farming at Hungary Lane Farm near Sutton Bonington in Leicestershire, and Leo Brockman, farming at Perry Court Farm near Canterbury in Kent.

19 Simple Bread Recipe This recipe is suitable for the following Little Salkeld Watermill flours : 100% Wholewheat, 85% wheatmeal, Unbleached White, Special Blend, Granarius, Harvest, Millers Magic, Four Grain Flour and Baker s Barley. We recommend the sponge method - it allows more time for the yeast to work, develop flavour, and break down starches and enzymes, making the bread more digestible. Ingredients 335gm (12oz) Watermill Stoneground Flour 1 Teaspoon Dried yeast Pinch of salt 310ml of warm water 100% Wholewheat Loaf Method To make a sponge put 100gm flour plus all the yeast but no salt in a bowl with all the water. Whisk or mix and leave overnight or all day. Add the rest of the flour and the salt to the mix. Knead the mixture briefly until it comes away from the side of the bowl, and then leave to rest for minutes,. This allows the flour to take up the moisture. Knead the mixture again, briefly, (just for a few seconds). Sprinkle a small amount of flour onto your bread board and then mould the dough by flattening into a rectangle, roll up the dough, turn 90 o and turn over. Do this three times making sure that on the last roll the width of the dough is the right size for a 1lb loaf tin. Place the dough into a well greased loaf tin, it should come approximately 2/3rds of the way up (1/2 way for Unbleached white), leave in a warm draught free place to rise. This will probably take about half an hour but may be longer... be patient! When risen fully the loaf will spring back if gently pressed. When the dough reaches the top of the tin put it into a preheated oven at 220C, for approximately 25 minutes. When the bread is cooked and tipped out of the tin it should be firm all over. Leave to cool on a wire rack. Wrap in a teatowel and it will keep well for several days. NB Always make sure that the dough is soft, and add a little more liquid if it seems a bit dry all wheat varies in its absorption of water, so exact amount of water needed will vary.

20 Hints for making good bread in a machine. Henk Glimmerveen is one of our team of millers at The Watermill and an expert in using our flours in a breadmachine. He uses a Panasonic SD-254 (the SD-255 has the extra ingredient dispenser). Always follow the recipe in the book that came with the machine. Some machines require all the dry ingredients to go in first followed by the liquids. Other machines operate the other way round. Follow the quantity of ingredients as advised in the recipe book. Such as 375 grams flour 25 grams butter. 320 ml water. There is some freedom in the amounts of salt and sugar or you can leave them out as required. Always choose the Short cycle, except for Unbleached White Flour. Any mixes of flour work fine in a Panasonic bread maker. This means any mixes of white and 100% stoneground flour. I have managed to make perfectly good loaves combining 3 flours. Pre-mixed flours such as Watermill Granarius, Four Grain and Harvest work fine on their own but will produce a flatter and compacter loaf. This is because there are additional ingredients in the flour such eg sunflower seeds that affect the rising process. To help this process along you could add ¼ of white flour and add some more water (330 ml instead of 320 ml). Watermill Rye and Spelt flour will produce a loaf in the Panasonic bread maker but as the recipe book states it will be more compact and dented at the top. The recipe book indicates that these flours should be used in the Panasonic SD-255. When used in the SD-254 (the machine without the dispenser) the result was a rather flat, dented loaf that tasted fine. But we recommend that these flours are best made by hand, not in a machine. Watermill Unbleached White Flour : produces a well risen, fluffy white loaf ideal for toasting. Select Long cycle for best results. Watermill 100% and 85% stoneground flour: produces a very tasty loaf. To let it rise a little more add some white flour. Granarius, Harvest and Four Grain Flours: all three produce a great tasting loaf but again add some white to assist the rising process. Rye and Spelt: although they produce a loaf, it remains very compact in the SD-254 bread maker. Try the SD-255 for which the recipe is written or make a great loaf by hand. Special Blend, Millers Magic and Bakers Barley: these are more suited to making loaves by hand. The machine produces a loaf that is tasty but very compact. NB The Panasonic recipe book states that strong white flour is needed. Strong flour is milled from wheat with a higher protein and gluten content, and requires a hot climate to grow well, eg North America or Australia. It enables the dough to stretch more and hold more air bubbles during rising, making a lighter, higher loaf. Our flour is milled from British wheat, renowned for its great taste, but not so strong, and therefore not able to rise as much. Nevertheless our flours work perfectly well in any bread machine to produce a nice, tasty loaf. All Watermill Flours are Stoneground from organic and/or biodynamic (which is also organic!) grains. Do contact us if you have any specific queries we ll do our best to help.

21 Getting the best from organic and biodynamic flours stoneground at Little Salkeld Watermill. This leaflet contains : Information about the mill and our flour. Simple Recipe for making bread by hand. Using our flours in a bread-making machine. There are many organic flours on the market, but they are not all the same. Watermill flours are distinctive and special. Our customers say we mill some of the best flours you can get. This is why they are different from run o the mill flours: Waterpower. We use the clean self-renewing power of water from the Cumbrian Pennines to power two waterwheels, significantly reducing the carbon footprint of our flour.and oxygenating the water! Stoneground. Unlike modern roller milled flour, traditional stoneground flour is slow milled using horizontal millstones, which retain the full flavour and nutritional value of the wheatgerm, the part of the grain high in oil and vitamins that imparts a delicious nutty taste. Biodynamic. We re one of the few mills in the UK offering a range of Demeter quality stoneground flours. Demeter symbol food offers excellent flavour, nutritional quality, vitality, keeping quality and disease resistance. Farming, processing and management respect the integrity of all aspects of food production. Time of sowing & harvesting maximise positive cosmic & terrestrial influences; and use of sophisticated natural preparations increase plant vitality. Homegrown. Unlike most flour, blended from domestic and foreign wheat, we specialise in home grown grains - for flavour, value, and lower food miles. English wheat produces flour with a delicious flavour and soft, silky texture. Its lower gluten and protein content requires more water and time when bread- making. We recommend making a sponge and allowing the yeast to work overnight. Most of our flours work with breadmakers. The Watermill Little Salkeld Penrith Cumbria CA10 1NN organicflour@aol.com

22 We are one of the few mills in the UK that specialise in home-grown organic and biodynamic grain, unlike most mills which use a mix of home grown and some stronger, imported wheat. This is because we find that carefully selected English wheat has a better flavour and makes very nice bread - especially when hand made using an overnight sponge method. However it is not a strong flour and will not produce a high rise loaf, nor is it suitable for high stretch ciabattta or foccaccia breads. Strong flour is milled from hard wheats, usually grown in countries with a hotter climate than ours, and generally has a higher protein percentage (around 13% - 15%) than home grown wheats. The protein level relates to the gluten content in the wheat. More gluten increases the elasticity of the dough and allows the air bubbles in the rising dough to get bigger before they burst, making for a more open textured loaf. Less gluten produces a closer, denser texture. In our experience protein level is only part of the story we find that bread made with biodynamic flour produces an excellent flavour and texture, and, interestingly, even quite low protein wheat grown using biodynamic principles can produce a good loaf. Stoneground flours have been found to have a higher nutritional value than roller milled flours, and the retention of the germ (the part of the grain which contains the lifeforce which sprouts when you put it on wet blotting paper!) gives it a delicious nutty flavour. Unbleached White Flour 100% Wholewheat Flour Special Blend We favour biodynamic flours because we appreciate the holistic approach, care and respect for the land, its flora and fauna that it embodies. We ve also had reports from customers who are sensitive to most wheat flours telling us that they find biodynamic flours more digestible. This year we are milling two varieties of wheat Magister, and Natura Star both with a protein of around 9% - 11%, grown Harvest flour by two of England s biodynamic farmers Jo Bradley, farming at Hungary Lane Farm near Sutton Bonington in Leicestershire, and Leo Brockman, farming at Perry Court Farm near Canterbury in Kent.

23 Simple Bread Recipe This recipe is suitable for the following Little Salkeld Watermill flours : 100% Wholewheat, 85% wheatmeal, Unbleached White, Special Blend, Granarius, Harvest, Millers Magic, Four Grain Flour and Baker s Barley. We recommend the sponge method - it allows more time for the yeast to work, develop flavour, and break down starches and enzymes, making the bread more digestible. Ingredients 335gm (12oz) Watermill Stoneground Flour 1 Teaspoon Dried yeast Pinch of salt 310ml of warm water 100% Wholewheat Loaf Method To make a sponge put 100gm flour plus all the yeast but no salt in a bowl with all the water. Whisk or mix and leave overnight or all day. Add the rest of the flour and the salt to the mix. Knead the mixture briefly until it comes away from the side of the bowl, and then leave to rest for minutes,. This allows the flour to take up the moisture. Knead the mixture again, briefly, (just for a few seconds). Sprinkle a small amount of flour onto your bread board and then mould the dough by flattening into a rectangle, roll up the dough, turn 90 o and turn over. Do this three times making sure that on the last roll the width of the dough is the right size for a 1lb loaf tin. Place the dough into a well greased loaf tin, it should come approximately 2/3rds of the way up (1/2 way for Unbleached white), leave in a warm draught free place to rise. This will probably take about half an hour but may be longer... be patient! When risen fully the loaf will spring back if gently pressed. When the dough reaches the top of the tin put it into a preheated oven at 220C, for approximately 25 minutes. When the bread is cooked and tipped out of the tin it should be firm all over. Leave to cool on a wire rack. Wrap in a teatowel and it will keep well for several days. NB Always make sure that the dough is soft, and add a little more liquid if it seems a bit dry all wheat varies in its absorption of water, so exact amount of water needed will vary.

24 Hints for making good bread in a machine. Henk Glimmerveen is one of our team of millers at The Watermill and an expert in using our flours in a breadmachine. He uses a Panasonic SD-254 (the SD-255 has the extra ingredient dispenser). Always follow the recipe in the book that came with the machine. Some machines require all the dry ingredients to go in first followed by the liquids. Other machines operate the other way round. Follow the quantity of ingredients as advised in the recipe book. Such as 375 grams flour 25 grams butter. 320 ml water. There is some freedom in the amounts of salt and sugar or you can leave them out as required. Always choose the Short cycle, except for Unbleached White Flour. Any mixes of flour work fine in a Panasonic bread maker. This means any mixes of white and 100% stoneground flour. I have managed to make perfectly good loaves combining 3 flours. Pre-mixed flours such as Watermill Granarius, Four Grain and Harvest work fine on their own but will produce a flatter and compacter loaf. This is because there are additional ingredients in the flour such eg sunflower seeds that affect the rising process. To help this process along you could add ¼ of white flour and add some more water (330 ml instead of 320 ml). Watermill Rye and Spelt flour will produce a loaf in the Panasonic bread maker but as the recipe book states it will be more compact and dented at the top. The recipe book indicates that these flours should be used in the Panasonic SD-255. When used in the SD-254 (the machine without the dispenser) the result was a rather flat, dented loaf that tasted fine. But we recommend that these flours are best made by hand, not in a machine. Watermill Unbleached White Flour : produces a well risen, fluffy white loaf ideal for toasting. Select Long cycle for best results. Watermill 100% and 85% stoneground flour: produces a very tasty loaf. To let it rise a little more add some white flour. Granarius, Harvest and Four Grain Flours: all three produce a great tasting loaf but again add some white to assist the rising process. Rye and Spelt: although they produce a loaf, it remains very compact in the SD-254 bread maker. Try the SD-255 for which the recipe is written or make a great loaf by hand. Special Blend, Millers Magic and Bakers Barley: these are more suited to making loaves by hand. The machine produces a loaf that is tasty but very compact. NB The Panasonic recipe book states that strong white flour is needed. Strong flour is milled from wheat with a higher protein and gluten content, and requires a hot climate to grow well, eg North America or Australia. It enables the dough to stretch more and hold more air bubbles during rising, making a lighter, higher loaf. Our flour is milled from British wheat, renowned for its great taste, but not so strong, and therefore not able to rise as much. Nevertheless our flours work perfectly well in any bread machine to produce a nice, tasty loaf. All Watermill Flours are Stoneground from organic and/or biodynamic (which is also organic!) grains. Do contact us if you have any specific queries we ll do our best to help.

25 Getting the best from organic and biodynamic flours stoneground at Little Salkeld Watermill. This leaflet contains : Information about the mill and our flour. Simple Recipe for making bread by hand. Using our flours in a bread-making machine. There are many organic flours on the market, but they are not all the same. Watermill flours are distinctive and special. Our customers say we mill some of the best flours you can get. This is why they are different from run o the mill flours: Waterpower. We use the clean self-renewing power of water from the Cumbrian Pennines to power two waterwheels, significantly reducing the carbon footprint of our flour.and oxygenating the water! Stoneground. Unlike modern roller milled flour, traditional stoneground flour is slow milled using horizontal millstones, which retain the full flavour and nutritional value of the wheatgerm, the part of the grain high in oil and vitamins that imparts a delicious nutty taste. Biodynamic. We re one of the few mills in the UK offering a range of Demeter quality stoneground flours. Demeter symbol food offers excellent flavour, nutritional quality, vitality, keeping quality and disease resistance. Farming, processing and management respect the integrity of all aspects of food production. Time of sowing & harvesting maximise positive cosmic & terrestrial influences; and use of sophisticated natural preparations increase plant vitality. Homegrown. Unlike most flour, blended from domestic and foreign wheat, we specialise in home grown grains - for flavour, value, and lower food miles. English wheat produces flour with a delicious flavour and soft, silky texture. Its lower gluten and protein content requires more water and time when bread- making. We recommend making a sponge and allowing the yeast to work overnight. Most of our flours work with breadmakers. The Watermill Little Salkeld Penrith Cumbria CA10 1NN organicflour@aol.com

26 We are one of the few mills in the UK that specialise in home-grown organic and biodynamic grain, unlike most mills which use a mix of home grown and some stronger, imported wheat. This is because we find that carefully selected English wheat has a better flavour and makes very nice bread - especially when hand made using an overnight sponge method. However it is not a strong flour and will not produce a high rise loaf, nor is it suitable for high stretch ciabattta or foccaccia breads. Strong flour is milled from hard wheats, usually grown in countries with a hotter climate than ours, and generally has a higher protein percentage (around 13% - 15%) than home grown wheats. The protein level relates to the gluten content in the wheat. More gluten increases the elasticity of the dough and allows the air bubbles in the rising dough to get bigger before they burst, making for a more open textured loaf. Less gluten produces a closer, denser texture. In our experience protein level is only part of the story we find that bread made with biodynamic flour produces an excellent flavour and texture, and, interestingly, even quite low protein wheat grown using biodynamic principles can produce a good loaf. Stoneground flours have been found to have a higher nutritional value than roller milled flours, and the retention of the germ (the part of the grain which contains the lifeforce which sprouts when you put it on wet blotting paper!) gives it a delicious nutty flavour. Unbleached White Flour 100% Wholewheat Flour Special Blend We favour biodynamic flours because we appreciate the holistic approach, care and respect for the land, its flora and fauna that it embodies. We ve also had reports from customers who are sensitive to most wheat flours telling us that they find biodynamic flours more digestible. This year we are milling two varieties of wheat Magister, and Natura Star both with a protein of around 9% - 11%, grown Harvest flour by two of England s biodynamic farmers Jo Bradley, farming at Hungary Lane Farm near Sutton Bonington in Leicestershire, and Leo Brockman, farming at Perry Court Farm near Canterbury in Kent.

27 Simple Bread Recipe This recipe is suitable for the following Little Salkeld Watermill flours : 100% Wholewheat, 85% wheatmeal, Unbleached White, Special Blend, Granarius, Harvest, Millers Magic, Four Grain Flour and Baker s Barley. We recommend the sponge method - it allows more time for the yeast to work, develop flavour, and break down starches and enzymes, making the bread more digestible. Ingredients 335gm (12oz) Watermill Stoneground Flour 1 Teaspoon Dried yeast Pinch of salt 310ml of warm water 100% Wholewheat Loaf Method To make a sponge put 100gm flour plus all the yeast but no salt in a bowl with all the water. Whisk or mix and leave overnight or all day. Add the rest of the flour and the salt to the mix. Knead the mixture briefly until it comes away from the side of the bowl, and then leave to rest for minutes,. This allows the flour to take up the moisture. Knead the mixture again, briefly, (just for a few seconds). Sprinkle a small amount of flour onto your bread board and then mould the dough by flattening into a rectangle, roll up the dough, turn 90 o and turn over. Do this three times making sure that on the last roll the width of the dough is the right size for a 1lb loaf tin. Place the dough into a well greased loaf tin, it should come approximately 2/3rds of the way up (1/2 way for Unbleached white), leave in a warm draught free place to rise. This will probably take about half an hour but may be longer... be patient! When risen fully the loaf will spring back if gently pressed. When the dough reaches the top of the tin put it into a preheated oven at 220C, for approximately 25 minutes. When the bread is cooked and tipped out of the tin it should be firm all over. Leave to cool on a wire rack. Wrap in a teatowel and it will keep well for several days. NB Always make sure that the dough is soft, and add a little more liquid if it seems a bit dry all wheat varies in its absorption of water, so exact amount of water needed will vary.

28 Hints for making good bread in a machine. Henk Glimmerveen is one of our team of millers at The Watermill and an expert in using our flours in a breadmachine. He uses a Panasonic SD-254 (the SD-255 has the extra ingredient dispenser). Always follow the recipe in the book that came with the machine. Some machines require all the dry ingredients to go in first followed by the liquids. Other machines operate the other way round. Follow the quantity of ingredients as advised in the recipe book. Such as 375 grams flour 25 grams butter. 320 ml water. There is some freedom in the amounts of salt and sugar or you can leave them out as required. Always choose the Short cycle, except for Unbleached White Flour. Any mixes of flour work fine in a Panasonic bread maker. This means any mixes of white and 100% stoneground flour. I have managed to make perfectly good loaves combining 3 flours. Pre-mixed flours such as Watermill Granarius, Four Grain and Harvest work fine on their own but will produce a flatter and compacter loaf. This is because there are additional ingredients in the flour such eg sunflower seeds that affect the rising process. To help this process along you could add ¼ of white flour and add some more water (330 ml instead of 320 ml). Watermill Rye and Spelt flour will produce a loaf in the Panasonic bread maker but as the recipe book states it will be more compact and dented at the top. The recipe book indicates that these flours should be used in the Panasonic SD-255. When used in the SD-254 (the machine without the dispenser) the result was a rather flat, dented loaf that tasted fine. But we recommend that these flours are best made by hand, not in a machine. Watermill Unbleached White Flour : produces a well risen, fluffy white loaf ideal for toasting. Select Long cycle for best results. Watermill 100% and 85% stoneground flour: produces a very tasty loaf. To let it rise a little more add some white flour. Granarius, Harvest and Four Grain Flours: all three produce a great tasting loaf but again add some white to assist the rising process. Rye and Spelt: although they produce a loaf, it remains very compact in the SD-254 bread maker. Try the SD-255 for which the recipe is written or make a great loaf by hand. Special Blend, Millers Magic and Bakers Barley: these are more suited to making loaves by hand. The machine produces a loaf that is tasty but very compact. NB The Panasonic recipe book states that strong white flour is needed. Strong flour is milled from wheat with a higher protein and gluten content, and requires a hot climate to grow well, eg North America or Australia. It enables the dough to stretch more and hold more air bubbles during rising, making a lighter, higher loaf. Our flour is milled from British wheat, renowned for its great taste, but not so strong, and therefore not able to rise as much. Nevertheless our flours work perfectly well in any bread machine to produce a nice, tasty loaf. All Watermill Flours are Stoneground from organic and/or biodynamic (which is also organic!) grains. Do contact us if you have any specific queries we ll do our best to help.

29 Getting the best from organic and biodynamic flours stoneground at Little Salkeld Watermill. This leaflet contains : Information about the mill and our flour. Simple Recipe for making bread by hand. Using our flours in a bread-making machine. There are many organic flours on the market, but they are not all the same. Watermill flours are distinctive and special. Our customers say we mill some of the best flours you can get. This is why they are different from run o the mill flours: Waterpower. We use the clean self-renewing power of water from the Cumbrian Pennines to power two waterwheels, significantly reducing the carbon footprint of our flour.and oxygenating the water! Stoneground. Unlike modern roller milled flour, traditional stoneground flour is slow milled using horizontal millstones, which retain the full flavour and nutritional value of the wheatgerm, the part of the grain high in oil and vitamins that imparts a delicious nutty taste. Biodynamic. We re one of the few mills in the UK offering a range of Demeter quality stoneground flours. Demeter symbol food offers excellent flavour, nutritional quality, vitality, keeping quality and disease resistance. Farming, processing and management respect the integrity of all aspects of food production. Time of sowing & harvesting maximise positive cosmic & terrestrial influences; and use of sophisticated natural preparations increase plant vitality. Homegrown. Unlike most flour, blended from domestic and foreign wheat, we specialise in home grown grains - for flavour, value, and lower food miles. English wheat produces flour with a delicious flavour and soft, silky texture. Its lower gluten and protein content requires more water and time when bread- making. We recommend making a sponge and allowing the yeast to work overnight. Most of our flours work with breadmakers. The Watermill Little Salkeld Penrith Cumbria CA10 1NN organicflour@aol.com

30 We are one of the few mills in the UK that specialise in home-grown organic and biodynamic grain, unlike most mills which use a mix of home grown and some stronger, imported wheat. This is because we find that carefully selected English wheat has a better flavour and makes very nice bread - especially when hand made using an overnight sponge method. However it is not a strong flour and will not produce a high rise loaf, nor is it suitable for high stretch ciabattta or foccaccia breads. Strong flour is milled from hard wheats, usually grown in countries with a hotter climate than ours, and generally has a higher protein percentage (around 13% - 15%) than home grown wheats. The protein level relates to the gluten content in the wheat. More gluten increases the elasticity of the dough and allows the air bubbles in the rising dough to get bigger before they burst, making for a more open textured loaf. Less gluten produces a closer, denser texture. In our experience protein level is only part of the story we find that bread made with biodynamic flour produces an excellent flavour and texture, and, interestingly, even quite low protein wheat grown using biodynamic principles can produce a good loaf. Stoneground flours have been found to have a higher nutritional value than roller milled flours, and the retention of the germ (the part of the grain which contains the lifeforce which sprouts when you put it on wet blotting paper!) gives it a delicious nutty flavour. Unbleached White Flour 100% Wholewheat Flour Special Blend We favour biodynamic flours because we appreciate the holistic approach, care and respect for the land, its flora and fauna that it embodies. We ve also had reports from customers who are sensitive to most wheat flours telling us that they find biodynamic flours more digestible. This year we are milling two varieties of wheat Magister, and Natura Star both with a protein of around 9% - 11%, grown Harvest flour by two of England s biodynamic farmers Jo Bradley, farming at Hungary Lane Farm near Sutton Bonington in Leicestershire, and Leo Brockman, farming at Perry Court Farm near Canterbury in Kent.

31 Simple Bread Recipe This recipe is suitable for the following Little Salkeld Watermill flours : 100% Wholewheat, 85% wheatmeal, Unbleached White, Special Blend, Granarius, Harvest, Millers Magic, Four Grain Flour and Baker s Barley. We recommend the sponge method - it allows more time for the yeast to work, develop flavour, and break down starches and enzymes, making the bread more digestible. Ingredients 335gm (12oz) Watermill Stoneground Flour 1 Teaspoon Dried yeast Pinch of salt 310ml of warm water 100% Wholewheat Loaf Method To make a sponge put 100gm flour plus all the yeast but no salt in a bowl with all the water. Whisk or mix and leave overnight or all day. Add the rest of the flour and the salt to the mix. Knead the mixture briefly until it comes away from the side of the bowl, and then leave to rest for minutes,. This allows the flour to take up the moisture. Knead the mixture again, briefly, (just for a few seconds). Sprinkle a small amount of flour onto your bread board and then mould the dough by flattening into a rectangle, roll up the dough, turn 90 o and turn over. Do this three times making sure that on the last roll the width of the dough is the right size for a 1lb loaf tin. Place the dough into a well greased loaf tin, it should come approximately 2/3rds of the way up (1/2 way for Unbleached white), leave in a warm draught free place to rise. This will probably take about half an hour but may be longer... be patient! When risen fully the loaf will spring back if gently pressed. When the dough reaches the top of the tin put it into a preheated oven at 220C, for approximately 25 minutes. When the bread is cooked and tipped out of the tin it should be firm all over. Leave to cool on a wire rack. Wrap in a teatowel and it will keep well for several days. NB Always make sure that the dough is soft, and add a little more liquid if it seems a bit dry all wheat varies in its absorption of water, so exact amount of water needed will vary.

32 Hints for making good bread in a machine. Henk Glimmerveen is one of our team of millers at The Watermill and an expert in using our flours in a breadmachine. He uses a Panasonic SD-254 (the SD-255 has the extra ingredient dispenser). Always follow the recipe in the book that came with the machine. Some machines require all the dry ingredients to go in first followed by the liquids. Other machines operate the other way round. Follow the quantity of ingredients as advised in the recipe book. Such as 375 grams flour 25 grams butter. 320 ml water. There is some freedom in the amounts of salt and sugar or you can leave them out as required. Always choose the Short cycle, except for Unbleached White Flour. Any mixes of flour work fine in a Panasonic bread maker. This means any mixes of white and 100% stoneground flour. I have managed to make perfectly good loaves combining 3 flours. Pre-mixed flours such as Watermill Granarius, Four Grain and Harvest work fine on their own but will produce a flatter and compacter loaf. This is because there are additional ingredients in the flour such eg sunflower seeds that affect the rising process. To help this process along you could add ¼ of white flour and add some more water (330 ml instead of 320 ml). Watermill Rye and Spelt flour will produce a loaf in the Panasonic bread maker but as the recipe book states it will be more compact and dented at the top. The recipe book indicates that these flours should be used in the Panasonic SD-255. When used in the SD-254 (the machine without the dispenser) the result was a rather flat, dented loaf that tasted fine. But we recommend that these flours are best made by hand, not in a machine. Watermill Unbleached White Flour : produces a well risen, fluffy white loaf ideal for toasting. Select Long cycle for best results. Watermill 100% and 85% stoneground flour: produces a very tasty loaf. To let it rise a little more add some white flour. Granarius, Harvest and Four Grain Flours: all three produce a great tasting loaf but again add some white to assist the rising process. Rye and Spelt: although they produce a loaf, it remains very compact in the SD-254 bread maker. Try the SD-255 for which the recipe is written or make a great loaf by hand. Special Blend, Millers Magic and Bakers Barley: these are more suited to making loaves by hand. The machine produces a loaf that is tasty but very compact. NB The Panasonic recipe book states that strong white flour is needed. Strong flour is milled from wheat with a higher protein and gluten content, and requires a hot climate to grow well, eg North America or Australia. It enables the dough to stretch more and hold more air bubbles during rising, making a lighter, higher loaf. Our flour is milled from British wheat, renowned for its great taste, but not so strong, and therefore not able to rise as much. Nevertheless our flours work perfectly well in any bread machine to produce a nice, tasty loaf. All Watermill Flours are Stoneground from organic and/or biodynamic (which is also organic!) grains. Do contact us if you have any specific queries we ll do our best to help.

33 Getting the best from organic and biodynamic flours stoneground at Little Salkeld Watermill. This leaflet contains : Information about the mill and our flour. Simple Recipe for making bread by hand. Using our flours in a bread-making machine. There are many organic flours on the market, but they are not all the same. Watermill flours are distinctive and special. Our customers say we mill some of the best flours you can get. This is why they are different from run o the mill flours: Waterpower. We use the clean self-renewing power of water from the Cumbrian Pennines to power two waterwheels, significantly reducing the carbon footprint of our flour.and oxygenating the water! Stoneground. Unlike modern roller milled flour, traditional stoneground flour is slow milled using horizontal millstones, which retain the full flavour and nutritional value of the wheatgerm, the part of the grain high in oil and vitamins that imparts a delicious nutty taste. Biodynamic. We re one of the few mills in the UK offering a range of Demeter quality stoneground flours. Demeter symbol food offers excellent flavour, nutritional quality, vitality, keeping quality and disease resistance. Farming, processing and management respect the integrity of all aspects of food production. Time of sowing & harvesting maximise positive cosmic & terrestrial influences; and use of sophisticated natural preparations increase plant vitality. Homegrown. Unlike most flour, blended from domestic and foreign wheat, we specialise in home grown grains - for flavour, value, and lower food miles. English wheat produces flour with a delicious flavour and soft, silky texture. Its lower gluten and protein content requires more water and time when bread- making. We recommend making a sponge and allowing the yeast to work overnight. Most of our flours work with breadmakers. The Watermill Little Salkeld Penrith Cumbria CA10 1NN organicflour@aol.com

34 We are one of the few mills in the UK that specialise in home-grown organic and biodynamic grain, unlike most mills which use a mix of home grown and some stronger, imported wheat. This is because we find that carefully selected English wheat has a better flavour and makes very nice bread - especially when hand made using an overnight sponge method. However it is not a strong flour and will not produce a high rise loaf, nor is it suitable for high stretch ciabattta or foccaccia breads. Strong flour is milled from hard wheats, usually grown in countries with a hotter climate than ours, and generally has a higher protein percentage (around 13% - 15%) than home grown wheats. The protein level relates to the gluten content in the wheat. More gluten increases the elasticity of the dough and allows the air bubbles in the rising dough to get bigger before they burst, making for a more open textured loaf. Less gluten produces a closer, denser texture. In our experience protein level is only part of the story we find that bread made with biodynamic flour produces an excellent flavour and texture, and, interestingly, even quite low protein wheat grown using biodynamic principles can produce a good loaf. Stoneground flours have been found to have a higher nutritional value than roller milled flours, and the retention of the germ (the part of the grain which contains the lifeforce which sprouts when you put it on wet blotting paper!) gives it a delicious nutty flavour. Unbleached White Flour 100% Wholewheat Flour Special Blend We favour biodynamic flours because we appreciate the holistic approach, care and respect for the land, its flora and fauna that it embodies. We ve also had reports from customers who are sensitive to most wheat flours telling us that they find biodynamic flours more digestible. This year we are milling two varieties of wheat Magister, and Natura Star both with a protein of around 9% - 11%, grown Harvest flour by two of England s biodynamic farmers Jo Bradley, farming at Hungary Lane Farm near Sutton Bonington in Leicestershire, and Leo Brockman, farming at Perry Court Farm near Canterbury in Kent.

35 Simple Bread Recipe This recipe is suitable for the following Little Salkeld Watermill flours : 100% Wholewheat, 85% wheatmeal, Unbleached White, Special Blend, Granarius, Harvest, Millers Magic, Four Grain Flour and Baker s Barley. We recommend the sponge method - it allows more time for the yeast to work, develop flavour, and break down starches and enzymes, making the bread more digestible. Ingredients 335gm (12oz) Watermill Stoneground Flour 1 Teaspoon Dried yeast Pinch of salt 310ml of warm water 100% Wholewheat Loaf Method To make a sponge put 100gm flour plus all the yeast but no salt in a bowl with all the water. Whisk or mix and leave overnight or all day. Add the rest of the flour and the salt to the mix. Knead the mixture briefly until it comes away from the side of the bowl, and then leave to rest for minutes,. This allows the flour to take up the moisture. Knead the mixture again, briefly, (just for a few seconds). Sprinkle a small amount of flour onto your bread board and then mould the dough by flattening into a rectangle, roll up the dough, turn 90 o and turn over. Do this three times making sure that on the last roll the width of the dough is the right size for a 1lb loaf tin. Place the dough into a well greased loaf tin, it should come approximately 2/3rds of the way up (1/2 way for Unbleached white), leave in a warm draught free place to rise. This will probably take about half an hour but may be longer... be patient! When risen fully the loaf will spring back if gently pressed. When the dough reaches the top of the tin put it into a preheated oven at 220C, for approximately 25 minutes. When the bread is cooked and tipped out of the tin it should be firm all over. Leave to cool on a wire rack. Wrap in a teatowel and it will keep well for several days. NB Always make sure that the dough is soft, and add a little more liquid if it seems a bit dry all wheat varies in its absorption of water, so exact amount of water needed will vary.

36 Hints for making good bread in a machine. Henk Glimmerveen is one of our team of millers at The Watermill and an expert in using our flours in a breadmachine. He uses a Panasonic SD-254 (the SD-255 has the extra ingredient dispenser). Always follow the recipe in the book that came with the machine. Some machines require all the dry ingredients to go in first followed by the liquids. Other machines operate the other way round. Follow the quantity of ingredients as advised in the recipe book. Such as 375 grams flour 25 grams butter. 320 ml water. There is some freedom in the amounts of salt and sugar or you can leave them out as required. Always choose the Short cycle, except for Unbleached White Flour. Any mixes of flour work fine in a Panasonic bread maker. This means any mixes of white and 100% stoneground flour. I have managed to make perfectly good loaves combining 3 flours. Pre-mixed flours such as Watermill Granarius, Four Grain and Harvest work fine on their own but will produce a flatter and compacter loaf. This is because there are additional ingredients in the flour such eg sunflower seeds that affect the rising process. To help this process along you could add ¼ of white flour and add some more water (330 ml instead of 320 ml). Watermill Rye and Spelt flour will produce a loaf in the Panasonic bread maker but as the recipe book states it will be more compact and dented at the top. The recipe book indicates that these flours should be used in the Panasonic SD-255. When used in the SD-254 (the machine without the dispenser) the result was a rather flat, dented loaf that tasted fine. But we recommend that these flours are best made by hand, not in a machine. Watermill Unbleached White Flour : produces a well risen, fluffy white loaf ideal for toasting. Select Long cycle for best results. Watermill 100% and 85% stoneground flour: produces a very tasty loaf. To let it rise a little more add some white flour. Granarius, Harvest and Four Grain Flours: all three produce a great tasting loaf but again add some white to assist the rising process. Rye and Spelt: although they produce a loaf, it remains very compact in the SD-254 bread maker. Try the SD-255 for which the recipe is written or make a great loaf by hand. Special Blend, Millers Magic and Bakers Barley: these are more suited to making loaves by hand. The machine produces a loaf that is tasty but very compact. NB The Panasonic recipe book states that strong white flour is needed. Strong flour is milled from wheat with a higher protein and gluten content, and requires a hot climate to grow well, eg North America or Australia. It enables the dough to stretch more and hold more air bubbles during rising, making a lighter, higher loaf. Our flour is milled from British wheat, renowned for its great taste, but not so strong, and therefore not able to rise as much. Nevertheless our flours work perfectly well in any bread machine to produce a nice, tasty loaf. All Watermill Flours are Stoneground from organic and/or biodynamic (which is also organic!) grains. Do contact us if you have any specific queries we ll do our best to help.

37 Getting the best from organic and biodynamic flours stoneground at Little Salkeld Watermill. This leaflet contains : Information about the mill and our flour. Simple Recipe for making bread by hand. Using our flours in a bread-making machine. There are many organic flours on the market, but they are not all the same. Watermill flours are distinctive and special. Our customers say we mill some of the best flours you can get. This is why they are different from run o the mill flours: Waterpower. We use the clean self-renewing power of water from the Cumbrian Pennines to power two waterwheels, significantly reducing the carbon footprint of our flour.and oxygenating the water! Stoneground. Unlike modern roller milled flour, traditional stoneground flour is slow milled using horizontal millstones, which retain the full flavour and nutritional value of the wheatgerm, the part of the grain high in oil and vitamins that imparts a delicious nutty taste. Biodynamic. We re one of the few mills in the UK offering a range of Demeter quality stoneground flours. Demeter symbol food offers excellent flavour, nutritional quality, vitality, keeping quality and disease resistance. Farming, processing and management respect the integrity of all aspects of food production. Time of sowing & harvesting maximise positive cosmic & terrestrial influences; and use of sophisticated natural preparations increase plant vitality. Homegrown. Unlike most flour, blended from domestic and foreign wheat, we specialise in home grown grains - for flavour, value, and lower food miles. English wheat produces flour with a delicious flavour and soft, silky texture. Its lower gluten and protein content requires more water and time when bread- making. We recommend making a sponge and allowing the yeast to work overnight. Most of our flours work with breadmakers. The Watermill Little Salkeld Penrith Cumbria CA10 1NN organicflour@aol.com

38 We are one of the few mills in the UK that specialise in home-grown organic and biodynamic grain, unlike most mills which use a mix of home grown and some stronger, imported wheat. This is because we find that carefully selected English wheat has a better flavour and makes very nice bread - especially when hand made using an overnight sponge method. However it is not a strong flour and will not produce a high rise loaf, nor is it suitable for high stretch ciabattta or foccaccia breads. Strong flour is milled from hard wheats, usually grown in countries with a hotter climate than ours, and generally has a higher protein percentage (around 13% - 15%) than home grown wheats. The protein level relates to the gluten content in the wheat. More gluten increases the elasticity of the dough and allows the air bubbles in the rising dough to get bigger before they burst, making for a more open textured loaf. Less gluten produces a closer, denser texture. In our experience protein level is only part of the story we find that bread made with biodynamic flour produces an excellent flavour and texture, and, interestingly, even quite low protein wheat grown using biodynamic principles can produce a good loaf. Stoneground flours have been found to have a higher nutritional value than roller milled flours, and the retention of the germ (the part of the grain which contains the lifeforce which sprouts when you put it on wet blotting paper!) gives it a delicious nutty flavour. Unbleached White Flour 100% Wholewheat Flour Special Blend We favour biodynamic flours because we appreciate the holistic approach, care and respect for the land, its flora and fauna that it embodies. We ve also had reports from customers who are sensitive to most wheat flours telling us that they find biodynamic flours more digestible. This year we are milling two varieties of wheat Magister, and Natura Star both with a protein of around 9% - 11%, grown Harvest flour by two of England s biodynamic farmers Jo Bradley, farming at Hungary Lane Farm near Sutton Bonington in Leicestershire, and Leo Brockman, farming at Perry Court Farm near Canterbury in Kent.

39 Simple Bread Recipe This recipe is suitable for the following Little Salkeld Watermill flours : 100% Wholewheat, 85% wheatmeal, Unbleached White, Special Blend, Granarius, Harvest, Millers Magic, Four Grain Flour and Baker s Barley. We recommend the sponge method - it allows more time for the yeast to work, develop flavour, and break down starches and enzymes, making the bread more digestible. Ingredients 335gm (12oz) Watermill Stoneground Flour 1 Teaspoon Dried yeast Pinch of salt 310ml of warm water 100% Wholewheat Loaf Method To make a sponge put 100gm flour plus all the yeast but no salt in a bowl with all the water. Whisk or mix and leave overnight or all day. Add the rest of the flour and the salt to the mix. Knead the mixture briefly until it comes away from the side of the bowl, and then leave to rest for minutes,. This allows the flour to take up the moisture. Knead the mixture again, briefly, (just for a few seconds). Sprinkle a small amount of flour onto your bread board and then mould the dough by flattening into a rectangle, roll up the dough, turn 90 o and turn over. Do this three times making sure that on the last roll the width of the dough is the right size for a 1lb loaf tin. Place the dough into a well greased loaf tin, it should come approximately 2/3rds of the way up (1/2 way for Unbleached white), leave in a warm draught free place to rise. This will probably take about half an hour but may be longer... be patient! When risen fully the loaf will spring back if gently pressed. When the dough reaches the top of the tin put it into a preheated oven at 220C, for approximately 25 minutes. When the bread is cooked and tipped out of the tin it should be firm all over. Leave to cool on a wire rack. Wrap in a teatowel and it will keep well for several days. NB Always make sure that the dough is soft, and add a little more liquid if it seems a bit dry all wheat varies in its absorption of water, so exact amount of water needed will vary.

40 Hints for making good bread in a machine. Henk Glimmerveen is one of our team of millers at The Watermill and an expert in using our flours in a breadmachine. He uses a Panasonic SD-254 (the SD-255 has the extra ingredient dispenser). Always follow the recipe in the book that came with the machine. Some machines require all the dry ingredients to go in first followed by the liquids. Other machines operate the other way round. Follow the quantity of ingredients as advised in the recipe book. Such as 375 grams flour 25 grams butter. 320 ml water. There is some freedom in the amounts of salt and sugar or you can leave them out as required. Always choose the Short cycle, except for Unbleached White Flour. Any mixes of flour work fine in a Panasonic bread maker. This means any mixes of white and 100% stoneground flour. I have managed to make perfectly good loaves combining 3 flours. Pre-mixed flours such as Watermill Granarius, Four Grain and Harvest work fine on their own but will produce a flatter and compacter loaf. This is because there are additional ingredients in the flour such eg sunflower seeds that affect the rising process. To help this process along you could add ¼ of white flour and add some more water (330 ml instead of 320 ml). Watermill Rye and Spelt flour will produce a loaf in the Panasonic bread maker but as the recipe book states it will be more compact and dented at the top. The recipe book indicates that these flours should be used in the Panasonic SD-255. When used in the SD-254 (the machine without the dispenser) the result was a rather flat, dented loaf that tasted fine. But we recommend that these flours are best made by hand, not in a machine. Watermill Unbleached White Flour : produces a well risen, fluffy white loaf ideal for toasting. Select Long cycle for best results. Watermill 100% and 85% stoneground flour: produces a very tasty loaf. To let it rise a little more add some white flour. Granarius, Harvest and Four Grain Flours: all three produce a great tasting loaf but again add some white to assist the rising process. Rye and Spelt: although they produce a loaf, it remains very compact in the SD-254 bread maker. Try the SD-255 for which the recipe is written or make a great loaf by hand. Special Blend, Millers Magic and Bakers Barley: these are more suited to making loaves by hand. The machine produces a loaf that is tasty but very compact. NB The Panasonic recipe book states that strong white flour is needed. Strong flour is milled from wheat with a higher protein and gluten content, and requires a hot climate to grow well, eg North America or Australia. It enables the dough to stretch more and hold more air bubbles during rising, making a lighter, higher loaf. Our flour is milled from British wheat, renowned for its great taste, but not so strong, and therefore not able to rise as much. Nevertheless our flours work perfectly well in any bread machine to produce a nice, tasty loaf. All Watermill Flours are Stoneground from organic and/or biodynamic (which is also organic!) grains. Do contact us if you have any specific queries we ll do our best to help.