Study on Obtaining Pentaploid Interspecific Hybrids and its Backcross in Stra wberry

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1 2010,32 (3) : http :/ / xuebao. jlau. edu. cn Journal of Jilin Agricultural University E2mail : sina. com Ξ,,,, : (8x) (2x) (8x) (2x) (8x) (2x) 1 WBT1 WBT2 WBT3,,,, : ; ; ; : S66814 : A : (2010) Study on Obtaining Pentaploid Interspecific Hybrids and its Backcross in Stra wberry LEI Jia2jun, TAN Chang2hua, DAI Han2ping, PANG Lan College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang , China Abstract : The pentaploid interspecific hybrids WBT1, WBT2 and WBT3 were obtained respectively from the cross combinations Hokowase (8x) F. vesca (2x), Honeoye (8x) F. vesca (2x) and Honeoye (8x) F. nilgerrensis (2x). The botanical and fruit trait, and pollen size and viability of the three pen2 taploid interspecific hybrids were observed. The hexaploid, heptaploid, nonuploid seedlings were ob2 tained from the backcross of the pentaploid interspecific hybrids with cultivars Honeoye and Allstar. The origins of the seedlings with various ploidy were postulated. These different ploidy hybrids integrated wild strawberry genes have further potential for hybridization utilization to improve modern strawberry cultivars. Key words : strawberry ( Fragaria spp. ) ; interspecific hybridization ; pentaploid ; backcross (Rosaceae) ( Fragaria) 20, ( F. ananassa Duch. ),,,,, (2x) (8x),, IH1,,, [1 ] 11,, [2 ] (2x),,,, ; (4x),,, 1415 %,,, [324 ],,, Ξ : ( ), (2008T176), (2008BAD92B04) :,,,, : : :

2 : ( F. vesca L. ) ( F. nilgerrensis Schlect. ) (Hokowase) (Honeoye) (Allstar) (8x) ( 2x) ( 8x) ( 2x) (8x) (2x) 3, ,5,8,9 2003, WBT1 WBT2 WBT , ,, 40 80, 10,15 20 d 11212, 3 : > 3011 m ; 3010 m > 1511 m ; 1510 m 3, [5 ] 3, , 11213, 2 h, h,5 mol/ L 5 7 min, [6 ] C [7 ] 2 211,3 10,1 (2n = 5x = 35) WBT1 (8x) (2x), 1215 cm,,,,,,6 8,,,,,,, 3172 g,, 910 %, C mg/ 100g WBT2 ( 8x) (2x), 2310 cm,,,,,, 3, 4 5,,, 11 18,,,,,, 3163 g,,,,,,, 918 %,C mg/ 100g WBT3 ( 8x) (2x), 1610 cm,,3, 4 5,,,9 12,,,,, 4115 g,, 1115 %,C mg/ 100 g( 1 - A B) 212,,,1, 3,3,, 60 %, Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

3 A B C1 WBT3 (2n = 5x = 35) Flower, fruit and chromosome number of root tip cells of the pentaploid interspecific hybrid WBT3 (2n = 5x = 35) ; D E F1 WBT2 3 :H4216 (2n = 6x = 42) H428 (2n = 7x = 49) H421 (2n = 9x = 63) Chromosome number of root tip cells of three seedlings from backcross of Allstar WBT2 : H4216 (F, 2n = 6x = 42) H428 ( E, 2n = 7x = 49) H421 (D, 2n = 9x = 63) 1 Fig. 1. Flowering and fruiting state of the pentaploid interspecific hybrid and the ploidy of offsprings from the backcro ss of WBT2 and cv. Allstar in strawberry 1 Table 1. Pollen size and proportion of pentaploid interspecific hybridsin strawberry Materials Middle pollen / m Diameter of pollens Big pollen Small pollen Middle pollen / % Proportion Big pollen Small pollen WBT1 (5x) WBT2 (5x) WBT3 (5x) Allstar (8x) Honeoye (8x) ,,2 3, 3 ;, 2, I - KI, 95 %, 2 Table 2. Pollen viability of pentaploid interspecific hybrids and comparison of mea suring methods in straw2 berry % Materials - Germination I - KI Peroxidase WBT1 (5x) WBT3 (5x) WBT2 (5x) Allstar (8x) Honeoye (8x) Journal of Jilin Agricultural University 2010, J une

4 213,, 3 3 2,, WBT1 4, WBT1 45, 41, % WBT2, WBT2 214 %, 5, 215,1, ; WBT2 518 %, 70, 20 WBT3 ; WBT3 47, 25, WBT3 2 Table 3. Rate of fruit2setting and germination of the backcro ss of pentaploid interspecific hybrids and cultivars in strawberry Cross combinations No. of flowers crossed / % No. of flowers Rate of fruit2setting fruit2setting No. of seeds per fruit No. of seeds No. of seedlings obtained obtained / % Rate of germination Honeoye WBT WBT1 Honeoye Allstar WBT WBT1 Allstar Honeoye WBT WBT2 Honeoye Allstar WBT WBT2 Allstar Honeoye WBT WBT3 Honeoye Allstar WBT WBT3 Allstar : 287 WBT1 41, 3,1,2 WBT2 20, 5 ( 4) 5 2,2,1 ( 1 - D,E,F) WBT3 25, WBT2, 7, 2 3 2, (4x) (5x) ( 2),, 2x 3x, 2n ( 5x ) 4 WBT2 Table 4. The ploidy and differential botanical traits of the seedlings from the backcro ss of the pentaploid in2 terspecific hybrid WBT2 and cv. Allstar in straw2 berry Seedlings Ploidy H4-1 9x Differential botanical traits,,,, H4-4 7x,,, H4-5 H4-8 H4-16 6x 7x 6x,,,,,,,,,, Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

5 WBT2 Fig. 2. Origin of various ploidy seedlings from the cro ss of the pentaploid interspecific hybrid WBT2 and Allstar, (4x) (2x), (8x) (1x) [10 ],,, 2n, 2,, 2 2n, 1 2n 2 n, 4n, WBT1 WBT2 WBT3, (4x) (5x),,, 312, [5,11 ] Kantor [12 ] ( F. moschata,2n = 6x = 42) ( F. anaschata) Trajkvoski [13 ] 8x 4x 8x, F , [14 ],, 3, 2x 3 311,, 6x 7x 9x,, 2n [8 ] 2n 8x,Bringhurst [9 ] 10x 12x, ( F. chiloensis,2n = 56) ( F. vesca,2n = 14) : [1 ] Noguchi Y, Mochizuki T, Sone K. Interspecific hybrids originated from crossing Asian wild strawberry ( F. nilgerrensis and F. iinu2 mae) to F. ananassa[j ]. HortScience,1997,32 :439. [2 ],,,. ( Fragaria) [J ].,2006,33 (1) :125. [3 ] Lei Jiajun, Li Yuhua, Du Guodong, et al. A natural pentaploid strawberry genotype from the Changbai Mountains in Northeast Chi2 na[j ]. HortScience,2005, 8 : [4 ],. [ M]. :,2005, [5 ]. [J ].,1992 (6) : [6 ],,,. [J ].,1999, 26 (1) : [7 ],,. [ M]. :,1994, [8 ],,,. 2n [J ].,2003, 18 : [ 9 ] Bringhurst R S, Gill T. Unreduced and doubled2unreduced gametes [J ]. Amer J Botany,1970, 57 (8) : [10 ],,,. [J ].,2002, 35 (10) : [11 ],,,. [J ].,2002,29 (6) : [12 ] Kantor T S. Results of breeding and genetical work on the produc2 tion of economically useful varieties from incongruent crosses of F. ananassa Duch. F. moschata Duch. [J ]. Genetika,1983, 19 : [13 ] Trajkvoski K. Further work on species hybridization in Fragaria at Balsgard[J ]. Acta Hort,1997,439 : [14 ],. [J ].,2004, 37 (12) : Journal of Jilin Agricultural University 2010, J une