msc.com/reefer REEFER CARGO SERVICES TRANSPORTATION CONDITIONS

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1 msc.com/reefer REEFER CARGO SERVICES TRANSPORTATION CONDITIONS

2 RELY ON OUR EXPERTS FOR YOUR CARGO The transportation of food around the world keeps increasing, particularly in the emerging countries where purchasing power is growing stronger. This has had an impact on dietary habits, as international products are becoming more readily available. Whilst the reefer business has been developing over the years, MSC has continuously adapted to the demands of customers. We have improved our reefer container fleet but more importantly, we have ensured we train and develop teams of reefer experts in our agencies around the world. At MSC, we understand the importance of preserving the condition of our customers cargo from the moment it is loaded until the moment it reaches its delivery point. Over the years, we have built a strong experience and expertise in transporting chilled and frozen goods. One of the principal aims of our reefer teams is to provide our customers with the very best service and equipment to fulfil their individual requirements. 2 REEFER CARGO EXPERTS

3 TRANSPORTATION CONDITIONS 3

4 TRANSPORTATION CONDITIONS To ensure the optimum transportation conditions are achieved for your cargo, we recommend considering the temperature and humidity within the container and the availability for free-flowing fresh air. Please find in this document some recommendations for the safe transportation of perishable commodities. Commodities Carrying temperature C Beef -18 Lamb -18 Pork -18 Poultry -18 Offal -18 Fish, including fish products Quick frozen food, e.g. vegetables -20 or lower -20 or lower Ice cream -20 Cream -20 Juice concentrates -20 Butter -12 or lower 4 TRANSPORTATION CONDITIONS

5 Bulbs (unidentified mixed) Bulbs Daffodil, Narcissus ,3 120 days Bulbs Dahlia ,5 150 days Bulbs Gladiolus ,1 Bulbs Lily ,7 150 days Bulbs Tulip ,0 120 days Butter days Cabbage, Chinese; Napa ,9 30,4 VL M-H 2-3 months 1-2% O % CO 2 Cabbage, Common, early crop ,9 30,4 VL H 3-6 weeks Cabbage, late crop ,9 30,4 VL H 5-6 months 3-5% O % CO 2 Cactus pads or stems, Nopalitos VL M 2-3 weeks Cactus fruit; Prickly pear fruit ,8 28,7 VL M 2-6 weeks 2%O %CO 2 Carambola, Starfruit ,2 29,8 3-4 weeks Carrots, topped ,4 29,5 VL H 3-6 months Carrots, bunched; immature ,4 29,5 VL H days no CA benefit; ethylene causes bitterness ethylene causes bitterness Cashew apple weeks Cassava, Yucca, Manioc VL L 1-2 months no CA benefit Cauliflower ,8 30,6 VL H 3-4 weeks 2-5% O % CO 2 Celeriac ,9 30,4 VL L 6-8 months 2-4%O %CO 2 Celery ,5 31,1 VL M 1-2 months 1-4%O %CO 2 Chard VL H days Chayote weeks TRANSPORTATION CONDITIONS 7

6 Cheese Cherimoya; Custard apple ,2 28,0 H H 2-4 weeks 3-5% O 2 Cherries, sour ,7 29,0 VL L 3-7 days 3-10% O % CO 2 Cherries, sweet -1 to ,1 28,2 VL L 2-3 weeks 10-20% O % CO 2 Chinese broccoli; Gailan VL H days Chives VL H 2-3 weeks 5-10%O 2 Chocolate days Citrus, Calamondin orange ,0 28,3 2 weeks Citrus, Grapefruit 3-10% O 2 Citrus, CA, AZ, dry areas ,1 30,0 VL M 6-8 weeks Citrus, FL, humid areas ,1 30,0 VL M 6-8 weeks Citrus, Kumquat VL M 2-4 weeks Citrus, Lemon ,4 29,4 1-6 months 5-10%O %CO 2 Citrus, Lime, Mexican, Tahiti or Persian ,6 29,1 6-8 weeks 5-10%O %CO 2 Citrus, Orange 5-10% O % CO 2 Citrus, CA, AZ, dry areas ,8 30,6 VL M 3-8 weeks Citrus, FL; humid regions ,8 30,6 VL M 8-12 weeks Citrus, Blood orange ,8 30,6 3-8 weeks Citrus, Seville; Sour ,8 30,6 L M 12 weeks Citrus, Pummelo ,6 29,1 12 weeks Citrus, Tangelo, Minneola ,9 30,3 2-4 weeks Citrus, Tangerine, Mandarin ,1 30,1 VL M 2-4 weeks 8 TRANSPORTATION CONDITIONS

7 Coconut ,9 30,4 1-2 months Collards ,5 31,1 VL H days Confectionary days Corn, sweet and baby ,6 30,9 VL L 5-8 days 2-4%O %CO 2 ; to 4 wks, 5-10%O 2 +15%CO 2 Cream days Cucumber, slicing ,5 31,1 L H days 3-5% O % CO 2 Cucumber, pickling L H 7 days 3-5% O % CO 2 Currants ,0 30,2 L L 1-4 weeks CA can extend storage life to 3-6 months Daikon; Oriental radish VL L 4 months Date ,7 3,7 VL L 6-12 months Durian weeks 3-5% O % CO 2 Eggplant (Aubergine) ,8 30,6 L M 1-2 weeks 3-5% O 2 + 0% CO 2 Eggs / Shell (liquid as frozen) ,5 27,0 180 days Endive, Escarole ,1 31,7 VL M 2-4 weeks Belgian endive; Witloof chicory VL M 2-4 weeks light causes greening; 3-4%O %CO 2 Fats Feijoa, Pineapple guava M L 2-3 weeks Fig ,4 27,6 M L 7-10 days 5-10%O %CO 2 Fish iced Fish salt / smoked Days Flowers cut ,5 31,0 Flowers florist green ,5 31,0 VL H up to 30 Days TRANSPORTATION CONDITIONS 9

8 Garlic bulb ,0 28,4 VL L 6-7 months 0.5%O %CO 2 Ginger VL L 6 months no CA benefit Gooseberry ,1 30,0 L L 3-4 weeks Grape a 27.1 a VL L 1-6 months 2-5%O %CO 2 ; to b 28.4 b wks, 5-10%O %CO 2 American grape -1 to ,4 29,4 VL L 2-8 weeks Guava L M 2-3 weeks Ham canned Ham fresh cured Days Herbs, fresh culinary 5-10%O %CO 2 Basil VL H 7 days 2%O to<10%co 2 Chives ,9 30,4 L M Cilantro, Chinese VL H 2 weeks 3%O %CO 2 ; parsley air %CO2 Dill ,7 30,7 VL H 1-2 weeks 5-10%O 2 Epazote VL M 1-2 weeks Mint VL H 2-3 weeks 5-10%O 2 Oregano VL M 1-2 weeks Parsley ,1 30,0 VL H 1-2 months 5-10%O 2 Perilla, Shiso VL M 7 days Sage weeks Thyme weeks 10 TRANSPORTATION CONDITIONS

9 Hops VL H 3-4 months Horseradish -1 to ,8 28,7 VL L mo. Jaboticaba days Jackfruit M M 2-4 weeks Jicama, Yambean VL L 1-2 months Jujube; Chinese date ,6 29,2 L M 1 month Kale ,5 31,1 VL H days Kiwano, African horned melon Kiwifruit; Chinese gooseberry L M 3-6 months ,9 30,4 L H 3-5 months 1-2% O % CO 2 Kohlrabi ,0 30,2 VL L 2-3 months no CA benefit Lamb and Mutton Days Lamb and Mutton (Packaged) Days Langsat; Lanzone weeks Lard months Leafy Greens Cool Season ,6 31,0 VL H days Leafy Greens Warm Season ,6 31,0 VL H 5-7 days Leek ,7 30,7 VL M 2 months 1-2% O % CO 2 Lettuce ,2 31,7 VL H 2-3 weeks 2-5% O 2 + 0% CO 2 Longan ,4 27,7 2-4 weeks Loquat ,9 28,6 3 weeks Luffa; Chinese okra L M 1-2 weeks Lychee, Litchi M M 3-5 weeks 3-5% O % CO 2 TRANSPORTATION CONDITIONS 11

10 Malanga, Tania, New cocoyam VL L 3 months Mango ,4 29,5 M M 2-3 weeks 3-5%O %CO 2 Mangosteen M H 2-4 weeks Margarine months Meat products Melons, Cantaloupes and other netted melons ,2 29,9 H M 2-3 weeks 3-5% O % CO 2 Melons, Casaba ,0 30,3 L L 3-4 weeks 3-5% O 2 Melons, Crenshaw ,1 30,1 M H 2-3 weeks 3-5% O 2 Melons, Honeydew and Orange-flesh ,1 30,1 M H 3-4 weeks 3-5% O 2 Melons, Persian ,8 30,6 M H 2-3 weeks 3-5% O 2 Milk concentrated Milk pasteurised Days Milk sterilised Days Mushrooms ,9 30,4 VL M 7-14 days 3-21%O %CO 2 Mustard greens VL H 7-14 days Nectarine ,9 30,3 M M 2-4 weeks 1-2% O % CO 2 ; int. breakdown 3-10 C Nuts Brazil months Nuts Chestnuts months Nuts (other varieties) months Okra ,8 28,7 L M 7-10 days air %CO 2 Olives, fresh ,4 29,4 L M 4-6 weeks 2-3% O % CO 2 Mature bulbs, dry ,8 30,6 VL L 1-8 months 1-3% O 2 12 TRANSPORTATION CONDITIONS

11 Green onions ,9 30,4 L H 3 weeks 2-4% O % CO 2 Papaya ,9 30,4 M M 1-3 weeks 2-5% O % CO 2 Parsnips ,9 30,4 VL H 4-6 months ethylene causes bitterness Passionfruit VH M 3-4 weeks Peach ,9 30,3 M M 2-4 weeks Pear, European -1.5 to ,7 29,0 H H 2-7 months Peas in pods; Snow, Snap & Sugar peas 1-2%O %CO 2 ; int. breakdown 3-10 C Cultivar variations; 1-3%O % CO ,6 30,9 VL M 1-2 weeks 2-3% O % CO 2 Southern peas; Cowpeas days Pepino; Melon pear L M 4 weeks Bell Pepper, Paprika ,7 30,7 L L 2-3 weeks 2-5% O % CO 2 Hot peppers, Chiles ,7 30,7 L M 2-3 weeks 3-5% O 2 Persimmon; Kaki 3-5% O % CO 2 Fuyu ,2 28,0 L H 1-3 months Hachiya ,2 28,0 L H 2-3 months Pineapple ,1 30,0 L L 2-4 weeks 2-5% O 2 Plant growing VL H Plantain ,8 30,6 L H 1-5 weeks Plums and Prunes ,8 30,5 M M 2-5 weeks 1-2%O %CO 2 Pomegranate ,0 26,6 VL L 2-3 months 3-5% O 2 Pork Days Pork / salt pork Days Poultry Days TRANSPORTATION CONDITIONS 13

12 Potato, early crop ,8 30,5 VL M days no CA benefit Potato, late crop ,8 30,5 VL M 5-10 months no CA benefit Potato seed ,5 5 months Pumpkin ,8 30,5 L M 2-3 months Quince ,0 28,4 L H 2-3 months Radicchio weeks Radish ,7 30,7 VL L 1-2 months 1-2%O %CO 2 Rambutan H H 1-3 weeks 3-5% O % CO 2 Rhubarb ,9 30,3 VL L 2-4 weeks Rutabaga ,1 30,1 VL L 4-6 months Salsify; Vegetable oyster ,1 30,1 VL L 2-4 months Sapotes, Caimito, Star apple ,2 29,9 3 weeks Sapotes, Canistel, Eggfruit ,8 28,7 3 weeks Sapotes, Black ,3 27,8 2-3 weeks Sapotes, White ,0 28,4 2-3 weeks Sapotes, Mamey H H 2-3 weeks Sapotes, Sapodilla, Chicosapote H H 2 weeks Shallots ,7 30,7 L L Soursop weeks 3-5%O 2 Spinach ,3 31,5 VL H days 5-10%O %CO 2 Spondias, Mombin, Wi apple,jobo, Hogplum weeks Sprouts from seeds days 14 TRANSPORTATION CONDITIONS

13 Sprouts, Alfalfa days Sprouts, Bean days Sprouts, Radish days Squash, Summer (soft rind); Courgette Squash, Winter (hard rind); Calabash ,5 31,1 L M 1-2 weeks 3-5% O ,8 30,5 L M 2-3 months large differences among varieties Sweet potato, Yam ,3 29,7 VL L 4-7 months Sweetsop; Sugar apple; Custard apple H H 4 weeks 3-5% O 2 Tamarillo, Tree tomato L M 10 weeks Tamarind ,7 25,3 VL VL 3-4 weeks Taro, Cocoyam, Eddoe, Dasheen ,9 30,3 4 months No CA benefit Tomatillo; Husk tomato VL M 3 weeks Tomato, mature-green ,5 31,0 VL H 2-5 weeks 3-5%O %CO 2 Tomato, firm-ripe ,5 31,1 H L 1-3 weeks 3-5%O %CO 2 Turnip root ,0 30,1 VL L 4-5 months Water chestnut months Watercress; Garden cress ,3 31,5 VL H 2-3 weeks Watermelon ,4 31,3 VL H 2-3 weeks no CA benefit Yam ,1 30,0 VL L 2-7 months Yeast Acrive Days Yeast Dried TRANSPORTATION CONDITIONS 15

14 MSC Mediterranean Shipping Company SA, December 2018 SOURCES: John Frith (1991). The Transport of Perishable Foodstuffs. 2 nd Ed. Cambridge: SRCRA. 44. Facciola, S Cornucopia. A Source Book of Edible Plants, Kampong Publications, Vista CA. Hardenburg, R., A.E. Watada, C.Y. Wang The Commercial Storage of Fruits, Vegetables, and Florist and Nursery Stocks. USDA Agric. Hdbk No. 66. Kader, A.A. et al Postharvest Technology of Horticultural Crops. University of California Publication Kays, S.J. and J.C. Silva Dias Cultivated Vegetables of the World. Exon Press, Athens, GA. McGregor, B.M Manual de Transporte de Productos Tropicales, USDA Agric. Handbook No Proceedings 6 th and 7 th International Controlled Atmosphere Research Conferences. Rubatzky, V.E. and M. Yamaguchi World Vegetables. Principles, Production and Nutritive Values. 2 nd ed. Chapman & Hall, N.Y. Whiteman, T.M Freezing points of Fruits, Vegetables, and Florist Stocks. USDA Mkt. Res. Rpt. No Unpublished data on specialty vegetables and fruits from Marita Cantwell and Adel Kader. msc.com/reefer