Effect of Waxing and Gum Arabic Coating on Quality andshelf-life of Mango Fruits

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Effect of Waxing and Gum Arabic Coating on Quality andshelf-life of Mango Fruits"

Transcription

1 International Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences 2018; 3(5): Effect of Waxing and Gum Arabic Coating on Quality andshelf-life of Mango Fruits Mohamed Magzoub Elzubeir 1, *, Abu-bakrAli Abu-Goukh 2, Osman Adam Osman 1, Ahmed Ismail Ahmed Saf 3 1 Faculty of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, University of Kordofan, Elobeid, Sudan 2 Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Shambat, Sudan 3 Institute of Gum Arabic Research and Desertification Studies, University of Kordofan, Elobied, Sudan address * Corresponding author To cite this article Mohamed Magzoub Elzubeir, Abu-bakr Ali Abu-Goukh, Osman Adam Osman, Ahmed Ismail Ahmed Saf. Effect of Waxing and Gum Arabic Coating on Quality and Shelf-Life of Mango Fruits. International Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences. Vol. 3, No. 5, 2018, pp Received: May 8, 2018; Accepted: July 3, 2018; Published: September 21, 2018 Abstract The aim of the experiment was to evaluate the effect of waxing and gum Arabic coating, in aqueous solutions, on the quality and shelf-life of 'Kitchner' and 'Abu-Samaka' mango fruits in 'Abu-Gebeha' Area. Coating of fruits with gum Arabic in aqueous solution significantly delayed the onset on the climacteric peak of respiration and fruit ripening, reduced weight loss, fruit softening, peel color development, TSS accumulation and titertable acidity changes, retained ascorbic acid, maintained quality and extended shelf-life of mango fruits. Waxing in addition to the gum Arabic coating was more effective than gum coating alone in all parameters studied. Gum Arabic coating at 5% and 10%, without waxing reduced weight loss by 3.6% and 7.7% and peel color development by 3.8% and 9.6% in 'Kitchner' and 'Abu-Samaka', respectively, compared with the control. Gum Arabic coating at 5% and 10%, with waxing reduced weight loss by 13.5% and 19.6% and peel color development by 10.5% and 21.0% in 'Kitchner' and 'Abu-Samaka', respectively, compared with the control. Keywords 'Kitchner' and 'Abu-Samaka' Mango Fruit, Wax, Gum Arabic, Quality and Shelf-life 1. Introduction The mango fruit (Mangiferaindica L.) is the most popular fruit in many countries among millions of people in the world. It is considered as one of the best fruits in the world market, due to its excellent flavor, attractive fragrance, beautiful color, delicious taste and health giving properties [23]. In Sudan, mango is an important and popular fruit crop. Its annual production is about 651 thousand tons, representing 60% of total Sudan exports of horticultural crops [8]. Abu-Gebeha area in Southern Kordofan is considered as one of the most important area in Sudan for producing mango, guava and citruses, under rain-fed conditions. Although more than 100 thousand tons of good quality mango fruits are produced, only about 15% of the produce is marketed due to poor harvesting techniques, unsatisfactory handling practices and unadequate transportation and storage facilities [21]. These post-harvest handling practices need a lot of improvement for the development of a sound mango industry in the area. Waxing retards the rate of moisture loss, maintains turgidity and plumpness, and covers injuries on the surface of the commodity [25]. It significantly alters permeability of the skin to gases, the commodity, through respiration, is used to reduce oxygen and increase carbon dioxide and a modified atmospheric condition may be generated [12]. Coating of fruits with gum Arabic has been found to delay fruit ripening, maintain post-harvest quality and enhance their shelf-life in tomato [7] and banana [13]. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of waxing and gum Arabic coating in aqueous solutions on quality and

2 International Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences 2018; 3(5): shelf-life of 'Kitchner' and 'Abu-Samaka' mango fruits. 2. Materials and Methods 2.1. Experimental Material Two of the most important mango cultivars grown in Sudan: an early 'Kitchner' and late maturing 'Abu-Samaka' were selected for this study. Mature-green fruits were harvested from an orchard at Abu-Gebeha area in South-East Kordofan (11 27 N, E), theypicked by a hook attached to a long bamboo pole equipped with a long cloth bag held open by a ring. About 900 fruits of each cultivar were selected for uniformity size, color and freedom from blemishes, then washed with tap water to remove latex and dust, and then washed by distilled water, treated with 200 ppm sodium hypochlorite (Clorox, 5%) as disinfectant and air dried Fruit Treatment The fruits were distributed among the six treatments in a completely randomized design with four replicates. The treatments were: (1) control, (2) wax, (3) 5% gum Arabic, (4) 10% gum Arabic, (5) 5% gum Arabic with wax, and (6) 10% gum Arabic with wax. The fruits treated with aqueous solutions of 5% or 10% gum Arabic by dipping them of each designated concentration for three minutes and then air dried. Food-grade wax (Flucka AG, CH-9470 Buchs) was applied in a thin layer by brushing over the surface of the fruits. In the composite treatment, wax was applied after gum Arabic treatment. The fruits were then packed in carton boxes and stored at 18 ± 1 C and 85-90% relative humidity Parameters studied Respiration rate (RR), peel color (PC), weight loss (WL) percentage were determined daily during the storage period on 12 fruits from each replication. The total absorption method was used [18] and RR was expressed in mg CO 2 per kg-hr. The color score used was: mature green (=0), trace yellow on skin (=1), 20% yellow (=2), 40% yellow (=3), 60% yellow (=4), 80% yellow (=5), and 100% yellow (=6). WL percentage is calculated according to the formula: W 1 = [(W o - W t ) / W o ] x100%; where W1 is the percentage WL, W o is the initial weight of fruits at harvest and W t is the weight of fruits at the designated time. Flesh firmness (FF), total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA) and ascorbic acid (AA) were determined in three fruits picked randomly from each replicate, other than those used for previousparameters in 2- day intervals and later every day during the storage period. (FF) was measured by Magness and Taylor firmness tester (D. Ballauf Meg. Co.), equipped with an 8 mmdiameter plunger tip. Two reading were taken from opposite sides of each fruit after the peel was removed, and expressed in kilogram per square centimeter. TSS was measured directly from the fruit juice extracted by pressing the fruit pulp in a garlic press, using a Kruss hand refractometer (model HRN-32). Two readings were taken from opposite sides of each fruit and the mean values were calculated and corrected according to the refractometer chart. Thirty grams of fruit pulp were homogenized in 100 ml of distilled water (oxalic acid for AA) for one minute in a Sanyo Solid State blender (model SM 228P) and centrifuged at rpm for 10 minutes usingagallenkamp portable centrifuge (CF-400). The volume of supernatant, which constituted the pulp extract, was determined (was topped to 250 ml oxalic acid for AA). (TA) was measured according to the method described by [20] and expressed as percent citric acid. (AA) was determined by using the 2,6-dichloro-phenolindophenol titration method of [22] and expressed in mg per 100g fresh weight Statistical Analysis Analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Fisher ' s protected LSD test with a significance level of P 0.05 were performed on the data [10]. 3. Results and Discussions Waxing and gum Arabic coating significantly delayed fruit ripening and senescence, retarded moisture loss, maintained quality and extended shelf-life of the two mango cultivars studied. These effects of waxing and gum Arabic coating on ripening, quality and shelf-life were reflected in changes in respiration, weight loss, peel color development, flesh firmness, total soluble solids (TSS) and ascorbic acid content Effect on Respiration Rate (RR) The respiration curves of the two mango cultivars exhibited a typical climacteric pattern. Similar pattern of respiration were observed during ripening of several mango cultivars [2]. The untreated fruits had reached the climacteric peak after 8 days in 'Kitchner' and 10 days in 'Abu-Samaka' cultivar. The GA coating at 5% and 10% aqueous solutions delayed the onset of the climacteric peak by one and two days, respectively, compared with the untreated fruits. This is in line with the findings of [13]. The wax treatment delayed the onset of the climacteric peak by two days in the two cultivars. Waxing in addition to the GA coating further delayed the onset of the climacteric peak by two more days in both cultivars, compared to GA treatment. This is in agreement with previous reports in mango [16] and oranges [14]. Waxing has been reported to influence respiration rate by decreasing oxygen and increasing carbon dioxide content in the internal atmosphere of the fruits [11].

3 73 Mohamed Magzoub Elzubeir et al.: Effect of Waxing and Gum Arabic Coating on Quality and Shelf-Life of Mango Fruits Figure 1. Changes in respiration rate of 'Kitchner' (a) and 'Abu-Samaka' (b) mango fruits treated with gum Arabic aqueous solutions at zero (o), 5% ( ) or 10% ( ) without waxing ( )ــــــ or with waxing (----) during storage at 18 ± 1 C and 85% 90% relative humidity Effect on Weight Loss (WL) WL progressively increased with storage. Significantly lower percentages of WL were observed in the fruits coated with GA in aqueous solution, with or without waxing, compared with the control (Figure 2 (a) and (b)). WL was reduced by an average of 3.6% 1nd 7.7% in the fruits coated with GA in aqueous solution at 5% and 10%, respectively, compared with the control. [13] found that WL was 24% lower in banana fruits treated with 10% GA plus 1.0% Chitosan composite coating than control fruits. Similarly, 10% GA in aqueous solutions significantly reduced weight loss during storage of tomato fruits at 20 C and 20-90% relative humidity [7]. Waxing in addition to GA coating at 5% and 10%, decreased WL in both mango cultivars by an average of 13.5% and 19.6%, respectively, compared with control fruits. Waxing decreases water loss from the fruits in mango [16], guavas [17], tomato [6], oranges [14], grapefruit [3] and lime [1]. Wills et al. (1998) reported that the rate of water loss can be reduced by 30% to 50% in waxed fruits, under commercial conditions particularly if the stem scar and other injuries are coated with wax. Figure 2. Changes in weight loss of 'Kitchner' (a) and 'Abu-Samaka' (b) mango fruits treated with gum Arabic aqueous solutions at zero (o), 5% ( ) or 10% ( ) without waxing ( )ــــــ or with waxing (----) during storage at 18 ± 1 C and 85% 90% relative humidity Effect of Peel Color (PC) PC score continuously increased during storage of the two mango cultivars. At the end of the storage period the untreated fruits reached the full yellow stage (color score 6) after 10 days in 'Kitchner' and 13 days in 'Abu-Samaka' mango cultivars (Figure 3 (a) and (b)). When the untreated fruits reached the full yellow stage, PC development was reduced in both mango cultivars by an average of 3.8% and 9.6% in fruits coated with 5% and 10% GA aqueous solutions, respectively. This is in agreement with previous reports that color development was delayed in tomatoes [7] and banana [13] coated with gum Arabic aqueous solutions. The wax treatment delayed PC development in both cultivars

4 International Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences 2018; 3(5): by two days, compared to unwaxed control fruits. Waxing with the GA coating at 5% and 10% aqueous solutions, delayed PC development by three and five days, respectively, compared with the control fruits. Color score was reduced in both cultivars by an average of 10.5%, 21.0% and 32.5% in fruits treated with 0, 5 and 10% aqueous solutions of GA respectively, compared with the control. The delay in color development in the waxed fruits was due to reduce oxygen and increase carbon dioxide content in the internal atmosphere of the fruit [12]. Waxing delays PC development in mango [16], guava [17] tomato [6], orange [14], grapefruit [3], and lime [1]. Figure 3. Changes in peel color of 'Kitchner' (a) and 'Abu-Samaka' (b) mango fruits treated with gum Arabic aqueous solutions at zero (o), 5% ( ) or 10% ( ) without waxing ( ( or with waxing (----) during storage at 18 ± 1 C and 85% 90% relative humidity Effect on Fruit Flesh Firmness (FF) FF decreased steadily during storage of both mango fruit cultivars (Figure 4 (a) and (b)). The untreated fruits reached the final soft stage (0.17 Kg/cm 2 shear resistance) in 12 and 16 days in 'Kitchner' and 'Abu-Samaka' cultivars, respectively. GA and wax treatments delayed the decrease in FF during storage of both cultivars. The treated fruit with GA and/or wax were more firm than the control at any time during the storage period, but the difference diminished at the end of the storage period. This is in line with previous reports that FF was higher in tomato and banana treated with GA aqueous solution than the control [7, 13]. Similarly, waxing was reported to delay fruit softening in mango [16] orange [14], grapefruit [3], and lime [1]. Figure 4. Changes in fruit flesh firmness of 'Kitchner' (a) and 'Abu-Samaka' (b) mango fruits treated with gum Arabic aqueous solutions at zero (o), 5% ( ) or 10% ( ) without waxing ) ) or with waxing (----) during storage at 18 ± 1 C and 85% 90% relative humidity Effect on Total Soluble Solids (TTS) During storage period, the TSS progressively increased in both mango cultivars. The maximum TSS value reached by the untreated fruits was 20.3% in 'Kitchner' after 11 days and 17.8% in 'Abu-Samaka' after 13 days (Figure 5 (a) and (b)). These

5 75 Mohamed Magzoub Elzubeir et al.: Effect of Waxing and Gum Arabic Coating on Quality and Shelf-Life of Mango Fruits maximum values were reached after one and two days later in fruits coated with 5% and 10% GA without waxing and after three and five days with waxing in both cultivars, respectively, compared to control. This agrees with the reports that fruits coating with 10% GA delayed TSS changes during storage of tomato [7] and banana fruits [13]. Waxing of fruits delays changes in TSS during storage in mango [16], guava [17], tomato [6], orange [14], grapefruit [8] and lime [1]. Figure 5. Changes in total soluble solids of 'Kitchner' (a) and 'Abu-Samaka' (b), mango fruits treated with gum Arabic aqueous solutions at zero (o), 5% ( ) or 10% ( ) without waxing ) ) or with waxing (----) during storage at 18 ± 1 C and 85% 90% relative humidity Effect on Titratable Acidity (TA) TA progressively decreased during storage period of both mango cultivars. It decreased from 2.65% to 0.19% in 12 days in 'Kitchner' (Figure 6(a)) and from 3.1% to 0.2% in 14 days in 'Abu-Samaka' (Figure 6(b)). This in line with earlier reports [15, 24]. These minimum values were reached after one and two days later in fruits treated with GA at 5% and 10% without waxing and after three and five days later with waxing in both cultivars, respectively, compared with the control. Similar results were reported in tomatoes [7] and bananas [13] coated with GA aqueous solutions. Waxing was repeatedly demonstrated to decrease TA during storage of mango [19], orange [14], tomato [6], grapefruit [3], lime [1] and papaya [4]. Figure 6. Changes in titratable acidity of 'Kitchner' (a) and 'Abu-Samaka' (b), mango fruits treated with gum Arabic aqueous solutions at zero (o), 5% ( ) or 10% ( ) without waxing ) ) or with waxing (----) during storage at 18 ± 1 C and 85% 90% relative humidity Effect of Ascorbic Acid Content (AA) AA showed continuous decline during storage of both mango cultivars in all treatments. It significantly decreased from 40.1 to 15.0 mg/100g fresh weight at the ripe stage after 12 days in 'Kitchner' (Figure 7(a)) and from 32.8 to 15.0 mg/100g fresh weight at the ripe stage after 14 days in 'Abu- Samaka' (Figure 7(b)). This agrees with previous reports that AA declined rapidly during storage in mango [2, 16], guava [9], orange and pineapple [5] and lime [1]. The amount of ascorbic acid retained at the final ripe stage after 12 and 14 days in 'Kitchner' and 'Abu-Samaka was 37.4% and 45.7% of the initial amount in the two cultivars, respectively. At that time, AA retained was on average 5.5% and 12.5% more in the fruits coated with GA at 5% and 10% aqueous solutions without waxing, and 22.1% and 33.4% more in the fruits

6 International Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences 2018; 3(5): coated with GA with waxing, respectively, compared with the control. [7] reported that fruit coating with 10% GA significantly delayed changes in AA in tomatoes. Waxing reduced water loss during storage of both mango cultivars and consequently reduced AA losses in the waxed fruits. Waxing was reported to retain AA in mango [16], tomato [6], grapefruit [3] and lime [1]. Figure 7. Changes in ascorbic acid of 'Kitchner' (a) and 'Abu-Samaka' (b) mango fruits treated with gum Arabic aqueous solutions at zero (o), 5% ( ) or 10% ( ) without waxing ( ( or with waxing (----) during storage at 18 ± 1 C and 85% 90% relative humidity. 4. Conclusion Waxing and gum Arabic coating significantly delayed fruit ripening and senescence, retarded moisture loss, maintained quality and extended shelf-life of the two mango cultivars studied. These effects of waxing and gum Arabic coating on ripening, quality and shelf-life were reflected in changes in respiration, weight loss, peel color development, flesh firmness, total soluble solids (TSS) and ascorbic acid content. References [1] Abdallah, E. H. and Abu-Goukh, A. A. (2010). Effect of gibberellic acid and waxing on quality and storability of lime fruits. University of KhartoumJournal of Agricultural Sciences, 18 (3): [2] Abu-Goukh, A. A. and Abu-Sarra, A. E. (1993). Compositional changes during mango fruit ripening. University of Khartoum Journal of Agricultural Sciences 1 (1): [3] Abu-Goukh, A. A. and Elshiekh, F. A. (2008). Effect of waxing and fungicide treatment on quality and storability of grapefruits. Gezira Journal of Agricultural Science, 6 (1): [4] Abu-Goukh, A. A. and Shattir, A. E. (2012). Effect of maleic hydrazide and waxing on quality and shelf-life of papaya fruits. University of Khartoum. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 20 (1): [5] Adisa, V. A. (1986). The influence of molds and some storage factors on the ascorbic acid content of orange and pineapple fruits. Journal of Food Chemistry 22: [6] Ahmed, I. H. and Abu-Goukh, A. A. (2003). Effect of maleic hydrazide and waxing on ripening and quality of tomato fruit. Gezira Journal of Agricultural Science, 1 (2): [7] Ali, A; Magbool, M; Ramachandran, S. and Anderson, P. G. (2010). Gum Arabic as a novel edible coating for enhancing shelf-life and improving postharvest quality of tomato (Solanumlycopersicum L.) fruit. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 58 (1): [8] AOAD. (2009). Arab Agricultural Statistics Yearbook, Vol, 29. Arab Organization for Agricultural Development. (AOAD). Dec, Khartoum, Sudan. [9] Bashir, H. A. and Abu-Goukh, A. A. (2003). Compositional changes during guava fruit ripening. Journal of Food Chemstry, 80 (4): [10] Gomez, K. W. and Gomez, A. A. (1984). Statistical Procedures for Agric-ultural Research. 2 nd edition. John Willey and Sons Inc., New York. U.S.A. pp [11] Irving, L. E. and Warren, A. L. (1960). Effect of temperature, washing and waxing on the internal atmosphere of orange fruit. Journal of American Society for Horticultural Science 76: [12] Kader, A. A. (2002). Post-harvest Technology of Horticultural Crops. 3 rd Edition. Publication 3311, Cooperative Extension, Division of Agric-ulture and Natural Resources, University of California. Oakland, California, U.S.A. 535pp. [13] Magbool, M.; Ali, A.; Anderson, P. G.; Zahid, N. and Siddiquei, Y. (2011). Effect of a novel edible composite coating based on gum Arabic and chitosan on biochemical and physiological responses of banana fruits during cold storage. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 59 (10): [14] Martinez, J. M.; Cuquerella, J.; Rio, M. D.; Mateos, M. and Ded, R. M. (1991). Coating treatment in postharvest behavior of oranges. Paperpresen-ted at a conference of technical innovations in freezing and refrig-eration of fruits and vegetables. Davis, California, U.S.A. July pp.

7 77 Mohamed Magzoub Elzubeir et al.: Effect of Waxing and Gum Arabic Coating on Quality and Shelf-Life of Mango Fruits [15] Medlicott, A. P. and Thompson, A. K. (1985). Analysis of sugars and organic acids in ripening mango fruits (Mangiferaindica L. var. Keitt) by high performance liquid chromatography. Journal of Science, Food and Agriculture 36: [16] Mohamed, H. I. and Abu-Goukh, A. A. (2003). Effect of waxing and fungicide treatment on quality and shelf-life of mango fruits. Univer-sity of Khartoum Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 11 (3): [17] Mohamed-Nour, I. A. (2007). Chemical control of Fruit Ripening in Guava. M.Sc. Thesis, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan. [18] Mohamed-Nour, I. A. and Abu-Goukh, A. A. (2010). Effect of ethrel in aqueous solution and ethylene released from ethres on guava fruit ripening. Agricultural and Biology Journal of North America 1 (3): [19] Oosthuyse, S. A. (1997). Effect of waxing and of a number of waxes on weight loss, shelf life and fruit quality of mangoes after four weeks of cool-storage. Year Book of South African Mango Growers Assoc-iation, 17: [20] Ranganna, S. (1979). Titratable acidity. In: Manual of Analysis of Fruit and Vegetable Products. pp S. Ranganna (Ed.). Tata McGraw Hill Pub. Co. Ltd., New Delhi. [21] RMAFNK. (2008). Annual Report. Regional Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, North Kordofan State, Elobeid, Sudan. [22] Ruck, J. A. (1963). Chemical Methods for Analysis of Fruits and Vegetables. Canada Department of Agriculture. Publication No [23] Salunkhe, D. K. and Desai, B. B. (1984). Postharvest Biotechnology of Fruit. Vol. 2. CRC. Press, Inc. Boca Raton, Florida, U.S.A. 148 p. [24] Srinivasa, P. C.; R. Baskaran; M. N. Ramesh; K. V. H. Prashanth and R. N. Tharanathan, (2002). Storage studies of mango packed using bio-degradable chitosan film. European Food Research Technology, 215 (6): [25] Wills, R.; McGlasson, B.; Graham, D. and Joyce, D. (1998). Post harvest: An Introduction to the physiology and handling of Fruits, Vegetables and Ornamentals. 4 th edition. CAB International, Wallingford Oxan, UK. 262 pp.

Effect of Waxing and Potassium Permanganate on Quality and Shelf-Life of Mango Fruits

Effect of Waxing and Potassium Permanganate on Quality and Shelf-Life of Mango Fruits American Journal of Biology and Life Sciences 2018; 6(1): 1-7 http://www.openscienceonline.com/journal/ajbls ISSN: 2381-3784 (Print); ISSN: 2381-3792 (Online) Effect of Waxing and Potassium Permanganate

More information

quality, due to improper harvesting maturity and handling practices (MACK, 1999; Rustenburg Co., 1999).

quality, due to improper harvesting maturity and handling practices (MACK, 1999; Rustenburg Co., 1999). AGRICULTURE AND BIOLOGY JOURNAL OF NORTH AMERICA ISSN Print: 2151-7517, ISSN Online: 2151-7525, doi:10.5251/abjna.2011.2.6.944.951 2011, ScienceHuβ, http://www.scihub.org/abjna Physico-chemical changes

More information

Ripening and Conditioning Fruits for Fresh-cut

Ripening and Conditioning Fruits for Fresh-cut Ripening and Conditioning Fruits for Fresh-cut Adel Kader UCDavis Management of Ripening of Intact and Fresh-cut Fruits 1. Stages of fruit development 2. Fruits that must ripen on the plant 3. Fruits that

More information

EFFECT OF CURING AND SEAL PACKAGING ON PEEL AND PULP WEIGHT LOSS PERCENTAGE OF SCUFFING DAMAGED AND UNDAMAGED CITRUS FRUIT.

EFFECT OF CURING AND SEAL PACKAGING ON PEEL AND PULP WEIGHT LOSS PERCENTAGE OF SCUFFING DAMAGED AND UNDAMAGED CITRUS FRUIT. 200 EFFECT OF CURING AND SEAL PACKAGING ON PEEL AND PULP WEIGHT LOSS PERCENTAGE OF SCUFFING DAMAGED AND UNDAMAGED CITRUS FRUIT. Dr. M. Akram Tariq, 1 Ex Professor A. K. Thompson, 2 Ali Asghar Asi 3 and

More information

Postharvest Paradox. Harvest Maturity and Fruit Quality. Fruit Maturity, Ripening and Quality. Harvest Maturity for Fruits: A balancing Act

Postharvest Paradox. Harvest Maturity and Fruit Quality. Fruit Maturity, Ripening and Quality. Harvest Maturity for Fruits: A balancing Act Fruit Maturity, Ripening and Quality Maturity at harvest very important to determine final fruit quality and storage life With few exceptions, fruits reach best eating quality when allowed to ripen on

More information

Avocado sugars key to postharvest shelf life?

Avocado sugars key to postharvest shelf life? Proceedings VII World Avocado Congress 11 (Actas VII Congreso Mundial del Aguacate 11). Cairns, Australia. 5 9 September 11 Avocado sugars key to postharvest shelf life? I. Bertling and S. Z. Tesfay Horticultural

More information

SUDAN EXPERIENCE IN Reducing Post harvest losses SALAH BAKHIET& WIDAD ABDELRAHMAN

SUDAN EXPERIENCE IN Reducing Post harvest losses SALAH BAKHIET& WIDAD ABDELRAHMAN 8 TH MEETING OF THE COMCEC AGRICULTURE WORKING GROUP ANKARA OCTOBER 2016 SUDAN EXPERIENCE IN Reducing Post harvest losses SALAH BAKHIET& WIDAD ABDELRAHMAN Reducing Post harvest losses in Horticultural

More information

Postharvest Handling Banana & Pineapple

Postharvest Handling Banana & Pineapple Postharvest Handling Banana & Pineapple Beth Mitcham Dept. Plant Sciences UCDavis PINEAPPLE Maturity and Ripeness Stages 1 Intercultivar Differences in Composition of Pineapples Premium Select = Tropical

More information

PRESERVATION OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES BY REDUCTION OF ETHYLENE GAS

PRESERVATION OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES BY REDUCTION OF ETHYLENE GAS PRESERVATION OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES BY REDUCTION OF ETHYLENE GAS Presented By: David M. Webster CEO AgraCo Technologies International, LLC Source: Cornell University College of Agricultural and Life

More information

Postharvest Handling Banana & Pineapple

Postharvest Handling Banana & Pineapple Postharvest Handling Banana & Pineapple PINEAPPLE Beth Mitcham Dept. Plant Sciences UCDavis Maturity and Ripeness Stages Intercultivar differences in composition of pineapples Premium Select =Tropical

More information

THE EFFECT OF ETHYLENE UPON RIPENING AND RESPIRATORY RATE OF AVOCADO FRUIT

THE EFFECT OF ETHYLENE UPON RIPENING AND RESPIRATORY RATE OF AVOCADO FRUIT California Avocado Society 1966 Yearbook 50: 128-133 THE EFFECT OF ETHYLENE UPON RIPENING AND RESPIRATORY RATE OF AVOCADO FRUIT Irving L. Eaks University of California, Riverside Avocado fruits will not

More information

Melon Quality & Ripening

Melon Quality & Ripening Melon Quality & Ripening Marita Cantwell Dept. Plant Sciences, UC Davis micantwell@ucdavis.edu Fruit Ripening and Ethylene Management Workshop Postharvest Technology Center, UC Davis, March 17-18, 2015

More information

EFFECT OF FRUCOL APPLICATION ON SHELF LIVE OF IDARED APPLES

EFFECT OF FRUCOL APPLICATION ON SHELF LIVE OF IDARED APPLES EFFECT OF FRUCOL APPLICATION ON SHELF LIVE OF IDARED APPLES Viorica Chitu, Emil Chitu, Florin-Cristian Marin Research Institute for Fruit Growing, Pitesti, Romania. Abstract The paper present the results

More information

INCREASING PICK TO PACK TIMES INCREASES RIPE ROTS IN 'HASS' AVOCADOS.

INCREASING PICK TO PACK TIMES INCREASES RIPE ROTS IN 'HASS' AVOCADOS. : 43-50 INCREASING PICK TO PACK TIMES INCREASES RIPE ROTS IN 'HASS' AVOCADOS. J. Dixon, T.A. Elmlsy, D.B. Smith and H.A. Pak Avocado Industry Council Ltd, P.O. Box 13267, Tauranga 3110 Corresponding author:

More information

Ripening Tomatoes. Marita Cantwell Dept. Plant Sciences, UC Davis

Ripening Tomatoes. Marita Cantwell Dept. Plant Sciences, UC Davis Ripening Tomatoes Marita Cantwell Dept. Plant Sciences, UC Davis micantwell@ucdavis.edu Fruit Ripening and Ethylene Management Workshop Postharvest Technology Center, UC Davis, March 7-8, 0 Quality of

More information

Effect of different stages of maturity and postharvest treatments on quality and storability of pineapple

Effect of different stages of maturity and postharvest treatments on quality and storability of pineapple J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 12(2): 251 260, 2014 ISSN 1810-3030 Effect of different stages of maturity and postharvest treatments on quality and storability of pineapple S. I. Kamol 1, J. Howlader 2* G.

More information

Ripening Mangos & Papayas. Major Mango Cultivars in the USA

Ripening Mangos & Papayas. Major Mango Cultivars in the USA Ripening Mangos & Papayas Jeff Brecht Horticultural Sciences Department University of Florida jkbrecht@ufl.edu Fruit Ripening and Retail Handling Workshop UC Davis, March 25 26, 2014 Major Mango Cultivars

More information

NEW ZEALAND AVOCADO FRUIT QUALITY: THE IMPACT OF STORAGE TEMPERATURE AND MATURITY

NEW ZEALAND AVOCADO FRUIT QUALITY: THE IMPACT OF STORAGE TEMPERATURE AND MATURITY Proceedings V World Avocado Congress (Actas V Congreso Mundial del Aguacate) 23. pp. 647-62. NEW ZEALAND AVOCADO FRUIT QUALITY: THE IMPACT OF STORAGE TEMPERATURE AND MATURITY J. Dixon 1, H.A. Pak, D.B.

More information

Skin Color. Fruit Shape 6/16/2011. Postharvest Handling of Mango. Cultivar Differences

Skin Color. Fruit Shape 6/16/2011. Postharvest Handling of Mango. Cultivar Differences Postharvest Handling of Mango Cultivar Differences Tommy Atkins Mango Kent Mango Keitt Mango Haden Mango Ataulfo Mango Assessing Maturity & Eating Quality Potential Skin Color Maturity at harvest determines

More information

Effects of Different Transportation Methods on Quality of Sweet Cherry After Forced-air Cooling

Effects of Different Transportation Methods on Quality of Sweet Cherry After Forced-air Cooling 5:2 (2016) Journal of Food Engineering and Technology Effects of Different Transportation Methods on Quality of Sweet Cherry After Forced-air Cooling Xiaofang Zhang 1, 2, Sheng Liu 1 *, Li-e Jia 1, Lijun

More information

Weight, g Respiration, µl/g-h Firmness, kg/cm

Weight, g Respiration, µl/g-h Firmness, kg/cm Postharvest Handling Melons and Winter Squash Ripe Melon Characteristics Cantaloupe Watermelon HoneyDew HoneyLoupe Canary Casaba Days from anthesis 55 5 0 Weight, g 00 100 50 000 Respiration, µl/g-h 17

More information

Tomato Quality Attributes

Tomato Quality Attributes León, Mexico - Sept Impact of Ripening & Storage Conditions on Ripe Tomato Quality Marita Cantwell Dept. Plant Sciences Univ. California, Davis, CA micantwell@ucdavis.edu; http://postharvest.ucdavis.edu

More information

Influence of Cultivar and Planting Date on Strawberry Growth and Development in the Low Desert

Influence of Cultivar and Planting Date on Strawberry Growth and Development in the Low Desert Influence of Cultivar and Planting Date on Strawberry Growth and Development in the Low Desert Michael A. Maurer and Kai Umeda Abstract A field study was designed to determine the effects of cultivar and

More information

Lecture 4. Factors affecting ripening can be physiological, physical, or biotic. Fruit maturity. Temperature.

Lecture 4. Factors affecting ripening can be physiological, physical, or biotic. Fruit maturity. Temperature. Lecture 4. Factors affecting ripening can be physiological, physical, or biotic. Physiological factors relate to fruit maturity or environmental factors, which affect the metabolism of fruit and banana.

More information

Harvest Maturity and Fruit Quality. Importance of Maturity Indices. Developmental Continuum. Development Growth. Maturation. Physiological Maturity

Harvest Maturity and Fruit Quality. Importance of Maturity Indices. Developmental Continuum. Development Growth. Maturation. Physiological Maturity Harvest Maturity and Fruit Quality Marita Cantwell Dept. Plant Sciences, UC Davis micantwell@ucdavis.edu Fruit Ripening and Ethylene Management Workshop UC Davis, April8-9, 9 California orange on plane

More information

Using Natural Lipids to Accelerate Ripening and Uniform Color Development and Promote Shelf Life of Cranberries

Using Natural Lipids to Accelerate Ripening and Uniform Color Development and Promote Shelf Life of Cranberries Using Natural Lipids to Accelerate Ripening and Uniform Color Development and Promote Shelf Life of Cranberries 66 Mustafa Özgen and Jiwan P. Palta Department of Horticulture University of Wisconsin, Madison,

More information

ETHYLENE RIPENING PROTOCOLS FOR LOCAL AND EXPORT MARKET AVOCADOS

ETHYLENE RIPENING PROTOCOLS FOR LOCAL AND EXPORT MARKET AVOCADOS Proceedings from Conference 97: Searching for Quality. Joint Meeting of the Australian Avocado Grower s Federation, Inc. and NZ Avocado Growers Association, Inc., 23-26 September 1997. J. G. Cutting (Ed.).

More information

Management of Lenticel Browning in Mango

Management of Lenticel Browning in Mango Management of Lenticel Browning in Mango R.R. Sharma and K. Prasad Division of Food Science and Postharvest Technology ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-11 12 (Email:rrs_fht@rediffmail.com)

More information

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AVOCADO CULTIVARS LAMB HASS AND GEM MATURITY AND FRUIT QUALITY RESULTS FROM NEW ZEALAND EVALUATION TRIALS

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AVOCADO CULTIVARS LAMB HASS AND GEM MATURITY AND FRUIT QUALITY RESULTS FROM NEW ZEALAND EVALUATION TRIALS : 15-26 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AVOCADO CULTIVARS LAMB HASS AND GEM MATURITY AND FRUIT QUALITY RESULTS FROM NEW ZEALAND EVALUATION TRIALS J. Dixon, C. Cotterell, B. Hofstee and T.A. Elmsly Avocado Industry

More information

EFFECT OF FRUIT SIZE AND TEMPERATURE ON THE SHELF LIFE AND QUALITY OF RIPE BANANA FRUIT

EFFECT OF FRUIT SIZE AND TEMPERATURE ON THE SHELF LIFE AND QUALITY OF RIPE BANANA FRUIT Sarhad J. Agric. Vol. 23, No. 1, 2007 EFFECT OF FRUIT SIZE AND TEMPERATURE ON THE SHELF LIFE AND QUALITY OF RIPE BANANA FRUIT Saeed Ahmad*, Mohammad Akram Nasir*, Zahid Hussain* Raheel Anwar * and A. K.

More information

EVALUATION OF NEW HASS -LIKE AVOCADO CULTIVARS IN SOUTH AFRICA

EVALUATION OF NEW HASS -LIKE AVOCADO CULTIVARS IN SOUTH AFRICA Proceedings V World Avocado Congress (Actas V Congreso Mundial del Aguacate) 2003. pp. 129-133. EVALUATION OF NEW HASS -LIKE AVOCADO CULTIVARS IN SOUTH AFRICA S Kremer-Köhne and M L Mokgalabone Merensky

More information

THE INFLUENCE OF MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE STORAGE ON THE QUALITY OF FUERTE AVOCADO FRUIT

THE INFLUENCE OF MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE STORAGE ON THE QUALITY OF FUERTE AVOCADO FRUIT South African Avocado Growers Association Yearbook 1984. 7:38-40 THE INFLUENCE OF MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE STORAGE ON THE QUALITY OF FUERTE AVOCADO FRUIT M J SLABBERT AND G J VELDMAN WESTFALIA ESTATES, DUIWELSKLOOF

More information

Utilization of Modified Atmosphere Packaging to Increase Shelf Life

Utilization of Modified Atmosphere Packaging to Increase Shelf Life Utilization of Modified Atmosphere Packaging to Increase Shelf Life Batziakas Kostas, Rivard Cary and Pliakoni Eleni Department of Horticulture & Natural Resources Kansas State University Fresh Produce

More information

Temperature Regimes for Avocados Grown In Kwazulu-Natal

Temperature Regimes for Avocados Grown In Kwazulu-Natal South African Avocado Growers Association Yearbook 1996. 19:113-115 Temperature Regimes for Avocados Grown In Kwazulu-Natal C.C. Mans Haffenden Groves, Private Bag X11154, Schagen 1207 ABSTRACT This was

More information

Best Practices for use of SmartFresh on Pear Fruit. Beth Mitcham Department of Plant Sciences University of California Davis

Best Practices for use of SmartFresh on Pear Fruit. Beth Mitcham Department of Plant Sciences University of California Davis Best Practices for use of SmartFresh on Pear Fruit Beth Mitcham Department of Plant Sciences University of California Davis 1-Methylcyclopropene Cyclic olefin gas Inhibitor of ethylene binding and action

More information

Comparison of Two Commercial Modified Atmosphere Box-liners for Sweet Cherries.

Comparison of Two Commercial Modified Atmosphere Box-liners for Sweet Cherries. Comparison of Two Commercial Modified Atmosphere Box-liners for Sweet Cherries. Peter M.A. Toivonen, Frank Kappel, Brenda Lannard and Darrel-Lee MacKenzie. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Pacific Agri-Food

More information

Harvest times vary between growing regions and seasons. As an approximation, harvest times for the most common types are:

Harvest times vary between growing regions and seasons. As an approximation, harvest times for the most common types are: Harvest Maturity Asian pear varieties (ie. Pyrus bretschneideri, Pyrus pyrifolia, Pyrus ussuariensis) more commonly known as nashi typically ripen on the tree. European pears (ie. Pyrus communis) such

More information

LEKARGA Keepfresh sheets

LEKARGA Keepfresh sheets LEKARGA Keepfresh sheets KEEPFRESH SHEET Commercial Name: KEEPFRESH SHEET Description: Keepfresh is an Ethylene Absorber sheet which allows ethylene producing and sensitive goods to be shipped or stores

More information

Chilling Sensitivity of Avocado Fruit at Different Stages of the Respiratory Climacteric 1

Chilling Sensitivity of Avocado Fruit at Different Stages of the Respiratory Climacteric 1 J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 101(6):665-667. 1976. Chilling Sensitivity of Avocado Fruit at Different Stages of the Respiratory Climacteric 1 S. Kosiyachinda 3 and R. E. Young 2 Department of Plant Sciences,

More information

NAME OF CONTRIBUTOR(S) AND THEIR AGENCY:

NAME OF CONTRIBUTOR(S) AND THEIR AGENCY: TITLE OF PROJECT: Evaluation of Topaz (propiconazole) for transplant size control and earlier maturity of processing tomato. NAME OF CONTRIBUTOR(S) AND THEIR AGENCY: J.W. Zandstra, Ridgetown College, University

More information

Development of Value Added Products From Home-Grown Lychee

Development of Value Added Products From Home-Grown Lychee Development of Value Added Products From Home-Grown Lychee S. Ahammed 1, M. M. H. Talukdar 1, M. S. Kamal 2 1 Department of Food Engineering and Technology Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology

More information

Olives Postharvest Quality Maintenance Guidelines. Carlos H. Crisosto and Adel A. Kader Pomology Department University of California Davis, CA 95616

Olives Postharvest Quality Maintenance Guidelines. Carlos H. Crisosto and Adel A. Kader Pomology Department University of California Davis, CA 95616 Olives Postharvest Quality Maintenance Guidelines Carlos H. Crisosto and Adel A. Kader Pomology Department University of California Davis, CA 95616 Scientific Name and Introduction Olive is a member of

More information

Response of 'Hass' Avocado to Postharvest Storage in Controlled Atmosphere Conditions

Response of 'Hass' Avocado to Postharvest Storage in Controlled Atmosphere Conditions Proc. of Second World Avocado Congress 1992 pp. 467-472 Response of 'Hass' Avocado to Postharvest Storage in Controlled Atmosphere Conditions Dana F. Faubion, F. Gordon Mitchell, and Gene Mayer Department

More information

Fruit Maturity and Quality. Jim Mattheis USDA, ARS Tree Fruit Research Laboratory, Wenatchee, WA

Fruit Maturity and Quality. Jim Mattheis USDA, ARS Tree Fruit Research Laboratory, Wenatchee, WA Fruit Maturity and Quality Jim Mattheis USDA, ARS Tree Fruit Research Laboratory, Wenatchee, WA Apples $2,250 million Sweet Cherries $500 Leavenworth Pears $206 USDA, NASS 2012 Seattle Spokane Yakima Tri-cities

More information

Post-Harvest-Multiple Choice Questions

Post-Harvest-Multiple Choice Questions Post-Harvest-Multiple Choice Questions 1. Chilling injuries arising from the exposure of the products to a temperature a. above the normal physiological range b. below the normal physiological range c.under

More information

Relationship between Fruit Color (ripening) and Shelf Life of Cranberries: Physiological and Anatomical Explanation

Relationship between Fruit Color (ripening) and Shelf Life of Cranberries: Physiological and Anatomical Explanation Relationship between Fruit Color (ripening) and Shelf Life of Cranberries: Physiological and Anatomical Explanation 73 Mustafa Özgen, Beth Ann A. Workmaster and Jiwan P. Palta Department of Horticulture

More information

Subtropical Fruits. Subtropical Fruits Include

Subtropical Fruits. Subtropical Fruits Include Subtropical Fruits Mark Ritenour Indian River Research and Education Center, Fort Pierce Jeff Brecht Horticultural Science Department, Gainesville Subtropical Fruits Some of these fruits are grown in tropical

More information

THE EFFECT OF BUNCHES THINNING ON PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FRUIT FOR THREE DATE PALM CULTIVARS

THE EFFECT OF BUNCHES THINNING ON PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FRUIT FOR THREE DATE PALM CULTIVARS THE EFFECT OF ES THINNING ON PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FOR THREE DATE PALM S Hasan R. Shabana, Mansoor I. Mansoor, Salih A. Abdulla Waleed M. Alsafadi Min. of Agric. And Fish. P.O. BOX 1509

More information

Proceedings of The World Avocado Congress III, 1995 pp

Proceedings of The World Avocado Congress III, 1995 pp Proceedings of The World Avocado Congress III, 1995 pp. 335-339 SENSITIVITY OF AVOCADO FRUIT TO ETHYLENE P.J. Hofman, R.L. McLauchlan and L.G. Smith Horticulture Postharvest Group Department of Primary

More information

EVALUATION OF SOME VARIETIES AND SEEDLINGS OF DATE PALM GROWN AT BAHRIYA OASIS

EVALUATION OF SOME VARIETIES AND SEEDLINGS OF DATE PALM GROWN AT BAHRIYA OASIS EVALUATION OF SOME VARIETIES AND SEEDLINGS OF DATE PALM GROWN AT BAHRIYA OASIS By AHMED MOHAMED ABD-ALLAH B.Sc. Agric. Sci. (Pomology. Dept.) Fac. Agric., Cairo Univ., Egypt, 2010 THESIS Submitted in Partial

More information

Technology And Application Of Edible Coatings For Reduction Of Losses And Extension Of Shelf Life Of Cantaloupe Melon Fruits

Technology And Application Of Edible Coatings For Reduction Of Losses And Extension Of Shelf Life Of Cantaloupe Melon Fruits INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH VOLUME 3, ISSUE 11, NOVEMBER 014 ISSN 77-8616 Technology And Application Of Edible Coatings For Reduction Of Losses And Extension Of Shelf Life

More information

Bag-In-Box Package Testing for Beverage Compatibility

Bag-In-Box Package Testing for Beverage Compatibility Bag-In-Box Package Testing for Beverage Compatibility Based on Proven Plastic Bottle & Closure Test Methods Standard & Analytical Tests Sensory evaluation is subjective but it is the final word or approval.

More information

ANALYSIS OF CLIMATIC FACTORS IN CONNECTION WITH STRAWBERRY GENERATIVE BUD DEVELOPMENT

ANALYSIS OF CLIMATIC FACTORS IN CONNECTION WITH STRAWBERRY GENERATIVE BUD DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES (CROP SCIENCES, ANIMAL SCIENCES) ANALYSIS OF CLIMATIC FACTORS IN CONNECTION WITH STRAWBERRY GENERATIVE BUD DEVELOPMENT Ieva Kalniņa 1,, Sarmīte Strautiņa 1 Latvia University of Agriculture

More information

Processing Conditions on Performance of Manually Operated Tomato Slicer

Processing Conditions on Performance of Manually Operated Tomato Slicer Processing Conditions on Performance of Manually Operated Tomato Slicer Kamaldeen OS Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute, Kano Station, PMB 3032, Hadeija Road, Kano, Nigeria Abstract: Evaluation

More information

What Went Wrong with Export Avocado Physiology during the 1996 Season?

What Went Wrong with Export Avocado Physiology during the 1996 Season? South African Avocado Growers Association Yearbook 1997. 20:88-92 What Went Wrong with Export Avocado Physiology during the 1996 Season? F J Kruger V E Claassens Institute for Tropical and Subtropical

More information

Factors to consider when ripening avocado

Factors to consider when ripening avocado Factors to consider when ripening avocado Mary Lu Arpaia Univ. of CA Riverside, CA mlarpaia@ucanr.edu Why Ripen Avocados? Untreated, fruit ripening may range from a few days to even weeks within a carton

More information

Procurement. Aims and objectives 01/02/2013. Background

Procurement. Aims and objectives 01/02/2013. Background Final Report on Mini Research project entitled To standardize the technique of preparing the fruit leather by blending two indigenous fruit pulp viz Bael and Aonla Background India has a rich heritage

More information

FRUIT RIPENING. Climacteric fruits are: *Mango *Banana *Papaya *Guava *Sapota *Kiwi *Fig *Apple *Passion fruit *Apricot *Plum *Pear

FRUIT RIPENING. Climacteric fruits are: *Mango *Banana *Papaya *Guava *Sapota *Kiwi *Fig *Apple *Passion fruit *Apricot *Plum *Pear FRUIT RIPENING Ripening is the process by which fruits attain their desirable flavour, quality, colour, palatable nature and other textural properties. Ripening is associated with change in composition

More information

Studies on Preparation of Mango-Sapota Mixed Fruit Bar

Studies on Preparation of Mango-Sapota Mixed Fruit Bar Studies on Preparation of Mango-Sapota Mixed Fruit Bar R.F. Chavan 1*, V.G.Jadhao 1 and B.K. Sakhale 2 1 Department of Agricultural Engineering, MIT, Aurangabad (MS) 2 Department of Chemical Technology,

More information

MATERIALS AND METHODS

MATERIALS AND METHODS MATERIALS AND METHODS The study entitled Value addition of pineapple based food products. was carried out at Nutritional Research Laboratory Department of Foods & Nutrition, Ethelind school of Home Science

More information

Elderberry Ripeness and Determination of When to Harvest. Patrick Byers, Regional Horticulture Specialist,

Elderberry Ripeness and Determination of When to Harvest. Patrick Byers, Regional Horticulture Specialist, Elderberry Ripeness and Determination of When to Harvest Patrick Byers, Regional Horticulture Specialist, byerspl@missouri.edu 1. Ripeness is an elusive concept for many people a. Ripeness is often entirely

More information

ALTERNATIVES TO SPORTAK

ALTERNATIVES TO SPORTAK New Zealand Avocado Growers' Association Annual Research Report 2004. 4:32 35. ALTERNATIVES TO SPORTAK J. DIXON T. A. ELMSLY D. B. SMITH Avocado Industry Council, P.O. Box 16004, Bethlehem, Tauranga E-mail:

More information

HARVEST. Post Harvest Handling and Storage. Insta Poll (Discussion) How do you decide when to harvest? Post Harvest WHY? Harvest Methods.

HARVEST. Post Harvest Handling and Storage. Insta Poll (Discussion) How do you decide when to harvest? Post Harvest WHY? Harvest Methods. Post Harvest WHY? Post Harvest Handling and Storage Storage Opportunity Ultimate Goal Growing Season Storage Opportunity Introductory Vegetable Production Last Spring Frost Average = mid May early Sept

More information

Studies in the Postharvest Handling of California Avocados

Studies in the Postharvest Handling of California Avocados California Avocado Society 1993 Yearbook 77: 79-88 Studies in the Postharvest Handling of California Avocados Mary Lu Arpaia Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside

More information

Studies on Fortification of Solar Dried Fruit bars

Studies on Fortification of Solar Dried Fruit bars Studies on Fortification of Solar Dried Fruit bars G. Sarojini, V. Veena, M. Ramakrishna Rao Society for Energy, Environment & Development, Hyderabad - 500 033. Ph-91 40-23608892 / 23547137 Email: seed23608892@rediffmail.com

More information

Effects of Preharvest Sprays of Maleic Hydrazide on Sugar Beets

Effects of Preharvest Sprays of Maleic Hydrazide on Sugar Beets Effects of Preharvest Sprays of Maleic Hydrazide on Sugar Beets F. H. PETO 1 W. G. SMITH 2 AND F. R. LOW 3 A study of 20 years results from the Canadian Sugar Factories at Raymond, Alberta, (l) 4 shows

More information

Investigation of Map for Durian Preservation

Investigation of Map for Durian Preservation Investigation of Map for Durian Nguyen Phuoc Minh Faculty of Food Technology - Biotech, Dong A University, Da Nang City, Vietnam. *Corresponding author Abstract Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr) is a popular

More information

Effect of Thinning of Mandarin. on Yield and Fruit Quality. Mohammad Abd-El- Jaber Alabdallah. Supervisor. Prof. Dr.

Effect of Thinning of Mandarin. on Yield and Fruit Quality. Mohammad Abd-El- Jaber Alabdallah. Supervisor. Prof. Dr. Effect of Thinning of Mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco. cv. Michal) on Yield and Fruit Quality By Mohammad Abd-El- Jaber Alabdallah Supervisor Prof. Dr. Mostafa Qrunfleh Submitted in Partial Fulfillment

More information

Developmental Continuum. Developmental Continuum. Maturity Indices PHYSIOLOGICAL MATURITY. Development. Growth. Maturation

Developmental Continuum. Developmental Continuum. Maturity Indices PHYSIOLOGICAL MATURITY. Development. Growth. Maturation Maturation and IMPORTANCE = Harvest Indices Sensory and Nutritional Quality Use Fresh market or Processed Adequate shelf-life Facilitate marketing standards Productivity Postharvest short Course, June

More information

CARIBBEAN FOOD CROPS SOCIETY

CARIBBEAN FOOD CROPS SOCIETY ^ f O O D CROp s CARIBBEAN FOOD CROPS SOCIETY 37 Thirty Seventh Annual Meeting 2001 Trinidad and Tobago Vol. xxxvn Proceedings of the Caribbean Food Crops Society. 37:243-251. 2001 DETERMINATION OF OPTIMUM

More information

Changes in Pigments and Fruit Quality in Papaya from Different Harvesting Seasons

Changes in Pigments and Fruit Quality in Papaya from Different Harvesting Seasons International Journal of Agricultural Technology 2014 Vol. 10(4): 1039-1049 Available online http://www.ijat-aatsea.com ISSN 2630-0192 (Online) Fungal Diversity Changes in Pigments and Fruit Quality in

More information

Instructor: Stephen L. Love Aberdeen R & E Center 1693 S 2700 W Aberdeen, ID Phone: Fax:

Instructor: Stephen L. Love Aberdeen R & E Center 1693 S 2700 W Aberdeen, ID Phone: Fax: Vegetable Crops PLSC 451/551 Lesson 7, Harvest, Handling, Packing Instructor: Stephen L. Love Aberdeen R & E Center 1693 S 2700 W Aberdeen, ID 83210 Phone: 397-4181 Fax: 397-4311 Email: slove@uidaho.edu

More information

Limitations to avocado postharvest handling. Factors to consider when ripening avocado

Limitations to avocado postharvest handling. Factors to consider when ripening avocado Factors to consider when ripening avocado Mary Lu Arpaia Univ. of CA Riverside, CA mlarpaia@ucanr.edu Limitations to avocado postharvest handling v Time after harvest (fruit age) v Stage of ripeness more

More information

Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.)production in India is

Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.)production in India is THE ASIAN JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE Volume 7 Issue 2 December, 2012 488-492 Research Paper Article history : Received : 17.07.2012 Revised : 22.10.2012 Accepted : 22.11.2012 Evaluation of chilli cultivars

More information

Effect of Storage Period and Ga3 Soaking of Bulbs on Growth, Flowering and Flower Yield of Tuberose (Polianthes Tuberosa L.) Cv.

Effect of Storage Period and Ga3 Soaking of Bulbs on Growth, Flowering and Flower Yield of Tuberose (Polianthes Tuberosa L.) Cv. Vol.5 No. 1, 28-32 (2016) Received: Sept.2015; Accepted: Jan, 2016 Effect of Storage Period and Ga3 Soaking of Bulbs on Growth, Flowering and Flower Yield of Tuberose (Polianthes Tuberosa L.) Cv. Double

More information

Stages of Fruit Development. Maturation The stage of development leading to the attainment of physiological or horticultural maturity.

Stages of Fruit Development. Maturation The stage of development leading to the attainment of physiological or horticultural maturity. Fruit Preparation for Consumers Stages of Fruit Development Stages of Fruit Development Maturation The stage of development leading to the attainment of physiological or horticultural maturity. Physiological

More information

EFFECT OF POST HARVEST TREATMENTS ON BLACK SPOTTING, INFESTATION AND ORGANOLEPTIC QUALITY OF AMRAPALI MANGO DURING AMBIENT STORAGE

EFFECT OF POST HARVEST TREATMENTS ON BLACK SPOTTING, INFESTATION AND ORGANOLEPTIC QUALITY OF AMRAPALI MANGO DURING AMBIENT STORAGE Plant Archives Vol. 15 No. 1, 2015 pp. 109-113 ISSN 0972-5210 EFFECT OF POST HARVEST TREATMENTS ON BLACK SPOTTING, INFESTATION AND ORGANOLEPTIC QUALITY OF AMRAPALI MANGO DURING AMBIENT STORAGE M. S. Jakhar

More information

A storage temperature regime for South African export avocados

A storage temperature regime for South African export avocados South African Avocado Growers Association Yearbook 1987. 10:146-149 Proceedings of the First World Avocado Congress A storage temperature regime for South African export avocados LL VORSTER, JC TOERIEN

More information

SYMPTOMS OF CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE DAMAGE IN AVOCADOS

SYMPTOMS OF CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE DAMAGE IN AVOCADOS SYMPTOMS OF CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE DAMAGE IN AVOCADOS C. YEARSLEY AND N. LALLU HortResearch, Private Bag 92 169, Auckland ABSTRACT Fruit quality following CA shipping has been variable with the appearance

More information

Use of a potassium permanganate ethylene absorbent to maintain quality in Golden Delicious apple during ULO cold storage

Use of a potassium permanganate ethylene absorbent to maintain quality in Golden Delicious apple during ULO cold storage Use of a potassium permanganate ethylene absorbent to maintain quality in Golden Delicious apple during ULO cold storage M. Sabater 1*, C. Coureau 2 & C. Tessier 2 1 Bioconservacion SA, Barcelona, Spain.

More information

Ozone experimentation one the shelf life of various fruits

Ozone experimentation one the shelf life of various fruits Ozone experimentation one the shelf life of various fruits Abstract Earth Safe Ozone will investigate the effects of ozone on fruit storage at room temperature. Ozone has been shown to reduce mold and

More information

PERFORMANCE OF HYBRID AND SYNTHETIC VARIETIES OF SUNFLOWER GROWN UNDER DIFFERENT LEVELS OF INPUT

PERFORMANCE OF HYBRID AND SYNTHETIC VARIETIES OF SUNFLOWER GROWN UNDER DIFFERENT LEVELS OF INPUT Suranaree J. Sci. Technol. Vol. 19 No. 2; April - June 2012 105 PERFORMANCE OF HYBRID AND SYNTHETIC VARIETIES OF SUNFLOWER GROWN UNDER DIFFERENT LEVELS OF INPUT Theerachai Chieochansilp 1*, Thitiporn Machikowa

More information

FALL TO WINTER CRANBERRY PLANT HARDINESS

FALL TO WINTER CRANBERRY PLANT HARDINESS FALL TO WINTER CRANBERRY PLANT HARDINESS Beth Ann A. Workmaster and Jiwan P. Palta Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison Protection of cranberry plants from frost and freezing temperatures

More information

MATURITY INDICES AND HARVESTING PRACTICE OF ARUMANIS MANGO RELATED TO THE TARGET MARKET. N.O. Tridjaja and M.S. Mahendra. Abstract

MATURITY INDICES AND HARVESTING PRACTICE OF ARUMANIS MANGO RELATED TO THE TARGET MARKET. N.O. Tridjaja and M.S. Mahendra. Abstract Arumanis Mango (Tridjaja and Mahendra) MATURITY INDICES AND HARVESTING PRACTICE OF ARUMANIS MANGO RELATED TO THE TARGET MARKET N.O. Tridjaja and M.S. Mahendra Abstract Mango as a climacteric fruit is frequently

More information

Fruit Set, Growth and Development

Fruit Set, Growth and Development Fruit Set, Growth and Development Fruit set happens after pollination and fertilization, otherwise the flower or the fruit will drop. The flowering and fruit set efficiency could be measured by certain

More information

MATURITY AND RIPENING PROCESS MATURITY

MATURITY AND RIPENING PROCESS MATURITY MATURITY AND RIPENING PROCESS MATURITY It is the stage of fully development of tissue of fruit and vegetables only after which it will ripen normally. During the process of maturation the fruit receives

More information

Pre- and Postharvest 1-MCP Technology for Apples

Pre- and Postharvest 1-MCP Technology for Apples Pre- and Postharvest 1-MCP Technology for Apples Dr. Jennifer DeEll Fresh Market Quality Program Lead OMAFRA, Simcoe, Ontario, CANADA Specific topics Definitions SmartFresh SM vs. TM SmartFresh and disorders,

More information

2. Materials and methods. 1. Introduction. Abstract

2. Materials and methods. 1. Introduction. Abstract Standardizing Peanut Roasting Process Of Peanut Butter Production N. K. Dhamsaniya and N. C. Patel Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India Abstract The current practice of roasting peanut

More information

Preparation of a malt beverage from different rice varieties

Preparation of a malt beverage from different rice varieties 226 KHON KAEN AGR. J. 42 SUPPL. 4 : (2014). Preparation of a malt beverage from different rice varieties Saranya Workhwa 1* ABSTRACT: This research is an investigation of a malting rice beverage process

More information

Effects of Different Packaging Materials on the Shelf Stability of Ginger Juice

Effects of Different Packaging Materials on the Shelf Stability of Ginger Juice ISSN: 2276-7835 ICV 2012: 5.62 Submission Date: 10/03/014 Accepted: 20/08/014 Published: 21/08/014 Effects of Different Packaging Materials on the Shelf Stability of Ginger Juice By Akande E.A. Adeyanju

More information

Preliminary Studies on the Preservation of Longan Fruit in Sugar Syrup

Preliminary Studies on the Preservation of Longan Fruit in Sugar Syrup Universities Research Journal 2011, Vol. 4, No. 3 Preliminary Studies on the Preservation of Longan Fruit in Sugar Syrup Khin Hla Mon Abstract This research work was emphasized on the preservation of longan

More information

Tomato Quality Attributes. Mature Fruit Vegetables. Tomatoes Peppers, Chiles

Tomato Quality Attributes. Mature Fruit Vegetables. Tomatoes Peppers, Chiles Mature Fruit Vegetables Tomatoes Peppers, Chiles Marita Cantwell, UC Davis micantwell@ucdavis.edu Maturity at harvest critical for quality Chilling sensitive, but variable in sensitivity Ethylene can control

More information

Factors Affecting Sweet Cherry Fruit Pitting Resistance/Susceptibility. Yan Wang Postharvest Physiologist MCAREC, OSU

Factors Affecting Sweet Cherry Fruit Pitting Resistance/Susceptibility. Yan Wang Postharvest Physiologist MCAREC, OSU Factors Affecting Sweet Cherry Fruit Pitting Resistance/Susceptibility Yan Wang Postharvest Physiologist MCAREC, OSU Sweet cherry pitting #1 postharvest disorder Pitting not only detract from the appearance

More information

IS RIPENING AND POST HARVEST QUALITY OF HASS AVOCADOS AFFECTED BY FRUIT WATER STATUS?

IS RIPENING AND POST HARVEST QUALITY OF HASS AVOCADOS AFFECTED BY FRUIT WATER STATUS? New Zealand and Australia Avocado Grower s Conference 05. 20-22 September 2005. Tauranga, New Zealand. Session 6. Postharvest quality, outturn. 9 pages. IS RIPENING AND POST HARVEST QUALITY OF HASS AVOCADOS

More information

Hass Seasonality. Avocado Postharvest Handling. Avocado Postharvest Handling. Mary Lu Arpaia University of California, Riverside

Hass Seasonality. Avocado Postharvest Handling. Avocado Postharvest Handling. Mary Lu Arpaia University of California, Riverside Avocado Postharvest Handling Avocado Postharvest Handling Mary Lu Arpaia University of California, Riverside Major California Avocado Cultivars Bacon Fuerte Gwen Hass Lamb Hass Pinkerton Reed Zutano Hass

More information

QUALITY OF IRRADIATED TROPICAL FRUIT

QUALITY OF IRRADIATED TROPICAL FRUIT QUALITY OF IRRADIATED TROPICAL FRUIT Marisa Wall U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Hilo, HI Hawaii: Irradiation treatments approved for export to U.S. Fruit Abiu Atemoya Banana Breadfruit

More information

Primary Learning Outcomes: Students will be able to define the term intent to purchase evaluation and explain its use.

Primary Learning Outcomes: Students will be able to define the term intent to purchase evaluation and explain its use. THE TOMATO FLAVORFUL OR FLAVORLESS? Written by Amy Rowley and Jeremy Peacock Annotation In this classroom activity, students will explore the principles of sensory evaluation as they conduct and analyze

More information

EFFECT OF BUNCH THINNING ON FRUIT QUALITY OF SOME DATE PALM CULTIVARS. Rashid M. Khalfan Al Shariqui MansoorI.Mansoo~ Abdul Maati Nasar

EFFECT OF BUNCH THINNING ON FRUIT QUALITY OF SOME DATE PALM CULTIVARS. Rashid M. Khalfan Al Shariqui MansoorI.Mansoo~ Abdul Maati Nasar EFFECT OF BUNCH THINNING ON FRUIT QUALITY OF SOME DATE PALM CULTIVARS. Hasan R. Shabana, Rashid M. Khalfan Al Shariqui MansoorI.Mansoo~ Abdul Maati Nasar Walid M. Al Safadi Ministry of Agric. and Fisheries

More information

CARIBBEAN FOOD CROPS SOCIETY

CARIBBEAN FOOD CROPS SOCIETY ^ f O O D CROp s CARIBBEAN FOOD CROPS SOCIETY 37 Thirty Seventh Annual Meeting 2001 Trinidad and Tobago Vol. xxxvn Proceedings of the Caribbean Food Crops Society. 37:243-251. 2001 RESPIRATION AND ETHYLENE

More information

Materials and Methods

Materials and Methods Objective OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY SEED LABORATORY SUMMIT SEED COATINGS- Caldwell ID Final Report April 2010 Effect of various seed coating treatments on viability and vigor of two blends of Kentucky bluegrass

More information