Tomatoes, Lycopene and Human Health. APTRC Inc

Transcription

1 Tomatoes, Lycopene and Human Health APTRC Inc

2 Topics Australian Industry Statistics Report on Overseas Tomato & Health Projects Communication of health messages relating to horticultural products Nutritionist perspective Sustainable production methods adopted in Australia Future actions in Australia

3 Australian Industry Statistics 261, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /09 Season Tonnes Numbr of Growers tonnes grower number

4 Australian Processing Tomato Intake - Tonnes per Year 650, , , ,000 Intake - Tonnes 450, , ,000 y = 2E-51e x R 2 = Annual Growth 6.48% 300, , , ,000 y = 4E+69e x R 2 = Annual Growth Since % 100, Year

5 Average Field Yields Over Time 105 Tonnes/ha Annual Growth from 1982/82 to 2001/02 = 4.8% y = e x R 2 = Annual Growth across graph 3.81% Average Field Yield Expon. (Average Field Yield) Expon. ( ) / / / / / / / / / / / / / /09 Year

6 Australian Production, Imports and Exports of Processed Tomato Products Annual Growth of Exports 0.39% Annual Growth of Imports 10.8% Production Imports Exports Expon. (Exports) Expon. (Imports)

7 Australian Consumption of Processed Tomato Product 550, ,000 Tonnes 450, ,000 Domestic Demand Expon. (Domestic Demand) 350, ,000 y = 1E-16e x R 2 = Domestic Growth = 2.48% Year

8 Report on Overseas Tomato & Health Projects Lycopene and Health Tomato & Health Commission (WPTC) Tomatoes, Lycopene and Human Health Publication The LYCOCARD project Tomato Products Wellness Council

9 Lycopene Dietary Carotenoid Reacts with free radicals via at least 3 processes: Electron transfer Hydrogen atom transfer Addition reactions

10 Lycopene and Health International research has also shown that lycopene may reduce the risk of the following (Rao, 2006): Breast Cancer (Giovannucci, 1999) Cervical Cancer (Giovannucci, 1999) Prostate Cancer (Jian et al, 2005) Skin Cancer (Stahl, 2006) Lung Cancer (Le Marchand et al, 1989) Colon Cancer (Jain, 1999) Cardiovascular Disease (Lazarus, 2006) Aging Macular Degeneration (Stadtman, 1992) Male Infertility (Mohanty, 2006) Radiation Damage Asthma Osteoporosis (Rao, 2005)

11 Tomato & Health Commission (WPTC) 1. To collate all the information on the health benefits of tomato products 2. To increase the consumption of tomato products by linking with credible health findings

12 Book Published Jan 07, supported by WPTC

13 Website: Tomato and Health A multi-audience, interactive online magazine, educational resource centre, media and communications platform and public health nutrition forum

14 LycoCard Industrial Platform Publicly funded 5-year research programme (5.2 million euros by the European Commission) looking at the role of lycopene in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.

15 Tomato Products Wellness Council Formed to take a unified approach to build demand responsibly and increase consumption. Made up of growers, processors and brand representatives, mainly in North America Identified over 200 scientific studies that demonstrate the positive health effects of a diet rich in tomato products (including prevention of cardiovascular disease and certain forms of cancer, protection against osteoporosis and sun damage, and reduction of inflammation levels.)

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17 200 International Label Study Goal: showcase updated global tomato product labels marketing Tomato Health Information Countries: 20+ Canada New Zealand Australia Argentina Chile Venezuela China UK Colombia Japan USA France Spain Portugal Spain Hungary Turkey Mexico Sweden Italy

18 Results Tomato and Health labels have not drastically improved in the past 3 years. In fact many places have more restrictions Research must continue to drive excitement in our products with science strengthening health messages New products with health messages could drive interest Food Safety, quality and value are top of mind

19 Lycopene in Raw Tomatoes A wide range of lycopene content ( mg/kg fresh weight) from selected cultivars grown in 9 California counties. A comparison of cultivars 3 varieties grown in 4 counties during 3 seasons concluded that mean lycopene concentrations were significantly greater (P 0.01) in 2000 (106 mg/kg) than in 1999 (101 mg/kg) and 2001 (88 mg/kg). (2001 had high temperatures during season)

20 Lycopene in Raw Tomatoes Lycopene concentration of tomatoes appears to decreases with maturation on the plant (9 cultivars in 1 season over 4 dates). (especially during periods of high temperature) Lycopene concentration of tomatoes is dependent on the growing season, location, cultivar and maturity.

21 Impact of Temperature During Growing Season As early as 1913, Khudairi (1972) reported that temperatures greater than 30 o C (86F) impaired lycopene synthesis. Temperatures > 30 o C lead to the inhibition of lycopene synthesis, When the temperature is less than 30 o C, lycopene synthesis is restored. (dependent on the cultivar (Britton 1998)). Temperatures > 32.2 o C during the growing season result in smaller lycopene concentrations in tomatoes (CA studies in 1999, 2000 & 2001)

22 Multiyear testing is invaluable for identification of genotypes with greater, more stable lycopene concentration in tomatoes The potential association between lycopene accumulation and tomato cultivar, growing conditions and year/season must be considered when evaluating new cultivars Some cultivars do contain colour genes which could result in increased lycopene

23 Sustainable Production Methods Water Footprint Greenhouse Gas Emissions Nitrogen Carbon

24 Water Use Season Hectares (Excl Market Growers) % Surface Under Drip 1998/99 4,328 48% 1999/00 5,108 49% 2000/01 4,779 53% 2001/02 4,486 55% 2002/03 3,648 62% 2003/ / /06 3,500 65% 2006/07 2,860 68% 2007/08 2,308 74% 2008/09 3,000 76%

25 Improved nitrogen management The highest residual level was just below 100 kg N/ha in years earlier, 75% of sites had more than 100kg N/ha in the 0-60 cm depth Nitrogen based fertiliser applied to match requirement of crop

26 Reduction in CO 2 Emissions Processing tomato growers were early adopters of GPS, Conversion of toolbars from 3 row to 5 row, thus<diesel usage

27 Future Actions Tomato Products Wellness Membership? Other Research? Media Campaign? Celebrity Chef? Funding? Other?