Mid-Columbia Cherry Research Lynn E. Long, David Crawford, Diego Espinosa, Pamela Manning

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1 Mid-Columbia Cherry Research Lynn E. Long, David Crawford, Diego Espinosa, Pamela Manning

2 Research Emphasis USDA SCRI Stem-free research project Four year Four state effort

3 Research & Extension Emphasis Training System Manual Vogel Central Leader Steep Leader Spanish Bush UFO: Matthew Whiting KGB: Lynn Long SSA: Stefano Musacchi TSA: Greg Lang

4 % Fruit Set Research Emphasis AVG Regina fruit set Cooperation with Matthew Whiting % Fruit Set for Single AVG Application 10% Full Bloom - The Dalles, OR Control 0.5 AVG 1 AVG 1.5 AVG

5 Yield/Tree (kg) Fruit Size (mm) Yield/Tree (kg) Fruit Size (mm) Yield/Tree (kg) Fruit Size (mm) VRTS Trial Bing, Regina, Sweetheart Mazzard, G6, G12, K5, K6 Research Emphasis VCL, KGB Regina (3-5 Leaf) Avg Yield/Tree and Fruit Size by Rootstock Regina Rootstock Avg Yield/Tree Avg Fruit Size Bing (3-5 Leaf) Avg Yield/Tree and Fruit Size by Rootstock Mazzard G6 K5 K6 Bing Rootstock Mazzard G6 K5 K Sweetheart (Leaf 3-5) Avg Yield/Tree and Fruit Size by Rootstock Sweetheart Rootstock Avg Yield/Tree Avg Fruit Size Avg Yield/Tree Avg Fruit Size

6 Research Emphasis Training System Trial KGB, UFO, SSA Planted 2013

7 Research Emphasis Early season estimation of fruit set and size potential Drs. Todd Einhorn and David Gibeaut Rainier, Bing, Chelan & Sweetheart 1 st year of study Objectives: Provide scientifically established crop estimate within 21 days of bloom Determine potential fruit size at harvest within 30 days of bloom

8 Research Emphasis Variety Evaluation at Cemetery Block What s new 2 years of evaluation of Pearl series 1 year evaluation of Star series Glory, Suite Note, Star Blush Pitting rating Rain cracking data 2013 Radiance Pearl

9 Created by Drs. Clive Kaiser and Mark Christensen, OSU Biofilm 7 years of Evaluation Hood River The Dalles Milton-Freewater WA Norway Chile Australia SureSeal - Parka

10 % Fruit Cracking 2007 Results Milton-Freewater, 'Bing'/ 'Mazzard - % Fruit Cracking Control 10 g/l Biofilm A 10 g/l Biofilm B Treatment

11 Chile, VII Region - Garnet % Harvest % Splitting after storage hydrocooled Treatment Rain-induced fruit cracking in the field (+) Rain Simulation (+) Rain Simulation Control Biofilm A Biofilm B Biofilm C

12 Average Fruit Firmness (g.mm -1 ) Fruit Crakcing (%) Average Fruit Diameter (mm) The Dalles - Skeena - Hydrocooler % 'Skeena' fruit cracking in The Dalles, Oregon 14.00% 13.26% 30.6 'Skeena' Average Fruit Diameter - The Dalles % 10.00% % 6.00% 6.69% % 2.00% 2.90% 1.20% % Post Hydrocooler Check 1% Biofilm Post Packing line Check 29.2 'Skeena' Fruit Firmness (g.mm -1 )- The Dalles % Biofilm Check 1% Biofilm

13 Anti-Cracking Agents Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission 25 sites tested in two years Rain Cracking Susceptibility (Bing, Early Robin, Santina, Rainier, Tieton) RainGard gal./a SureSeal 1 gal./a 4 weekly applications 2 apps (light green/pink)

14 WTFRC Efficacy Trials Carlton Tieton % Cracking Control Raingard SureSeal

15 WTFRC Efficacy Trials Wenatchee Bing % Cracking Control Raingard SureSeal

16 Percent Cracking 2011 Skeena Rain Cracking Control SureSeal

17 Parka Trial 2013 The Dalles & Dufur

18 Parka Trial Two Locations The Dalles Dufur One Cultivar Skeena Two Formulations Parka Stearic Acid base Four treatments Post shuck fall Straw color 10 days after straw Straw and 10 days after straw

19 Fruit Cracking (%) 'Skeena' % Fruit Cracking in The Dalles inches of rain June 24-26, P= Control Parka Stearic Acid

20 Fruit Cracking (%) 'Skeena' % Fruit Cracking in Dufur P= Control Parka Stearic Acid

21 Fruit Cracking (%) 'Skeena' % Fruit Cracking in The Dalles P= Control Shuck Fall Straw Color 10 days Straw + 10 days Parka Stearic Acid

22 Fruit Cracking (%) 6 'Skeena' % Fruit Cracking in Dufur P= Control Shuck Fall Straw Color 10 days Straw + 10 days Parka Stearic Acid

23 Parka 2013 Quality Factor Fruit Size Firmness Stem Pull Force Total Soluble Solids Significance Not Significant Not Significant Not Significant Not Significant

24 Phytotoxicity Phytotoxicity reported by Dr. Ines Hanrahan, WTFRC x rate 2012 applied with handgun Potential to increase runoff pooling at distal end of fruit

25 Due to report we diligently searched for similar marks Found very small levels of marking on June 7, 2013 Smaller incidents on control None found at harvest in 2013 None found at harvest in any previous year Trials conducted with 5 independent scientists On four continents with no reports of fruit marking at harvest Phytotoxicity

26 Conclusions For Skeena, both Parka & Stearic Acid reduced cracking by ~ 50% at both sites Small level of fruit marking found in early developmental stage Markings not visible at harvest No significant changes in fruit size, firmness, stem pull force or TSS

27 2013 Research Cooperators Tim Dahle Mike Omeg Funding 4-H and Extension Service District OSCC USDA IFTA OSU EESC

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