The ZSL-CMRP Experience. Rona Joy Asis-Loma Biologist, ZSL-CMRP

Transcription

1 The ZSL-CMRP Experience Rona Joy Asis-Loma Biologist, ZSL-CMRP

2 Nursery temporary storage of seedlings provide mangrove seedlings of the required species in the required numbers and sizes at a given time

3 Nursery Nursery-reared plants sturdier Small seeds not suitable for direct planting Survival along the seafront is higher for nursery-raised seedlings (vs propagules)

4 Large-scale or commercial seedlings for sale Small-scale or backyard planting on site; short projects

5 Mangrove species and families in the Philippines Family Species Family Species Acanthaceae 1. Acanthus ebracteatus 2. A. ilicifolius 3. A. volubilis Avicenniaceae 4. Avicennia alba 5. A. officinalis 6. A. marina 7. A. rumphiana Bombacaceae Combretaceae Euphorbiaceae 8. Camptostemon philippinensis 9. Lumnitzera littorea 10. L. racemosa 11. L. rocea C 12. Excoecaria agallocha Myrtaceae Palmae Rhizophoraceae 18. Osbornia octodonta 19. Nypa fruticans 20. Bruguiera cylindrica 21. B. gymnorrhiza 22. B. parviflora 23. B. sexangula 24. Ceriops decandra 25. C. tagal 26. Kandelia candel 27. Rhizophora apiculata 28. R. lamarckii C 29. R. mucronata 30. R. stylosa Lythraceae 13. Pemphis acidula Rubiacea 31. Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea Meliaceae Myrsinaceae 14. Xylocarpus granatum 15. X. moluccensis 16. Aegiceras corniculatum 17. A. floridum Sonneratiaceae 32. Sonneratia alba 33. S. caseolaris 34. S. gulngai C 35. S. ovata Sources: Brown & Fischer, 1920; Arroyo, 1979; Fernando & Pancho, 1980; Tomlinson, 1986; Spalding et al., 1997; Yao, 1999 C hybrids

6 Steps in mangrove nursery establishment & operation Site selection Preparation for field collection Collection and bagging of wildings Collection and planting of seeds/propagules Maintenance Seedling selection and transport

7 Site selection 1. Natural tidal flow/ inundation during spring tide 2. Protection from waves 3. relatively flat, with firm substrate and well-drained 4. under the shade of mangrove/other trees 5. proximity to the planting site 6. preferably close to freshwater supply 7. preferably close to seed/propagule sources

8 Site selection Sections of large-scale nurseries 1. preparation area 2. production area 3. office-storage area 4. fence 5. shade (for younger seedlings)

9 Preparation for field collection Prior to the fieldwork 1. Consult commercial calendars (with tide levels) to select suitable date and time 2. Collectors prepare, appropriate clothes, rubber shoes/ booties 3. Prepare logistics and materials Bagging can be conducted from 5-10 Jan and Jan.

10 Preparation for field collection On the day of the fieldwork 1. Briefing/orientation 2. Ratio of 1 supervisor participants seed/wilding collectors baggers haulers

11 Collection and bagging of wildings 1. Look for seedling banks 2. Collect wildings not more than 40 cm (with at least 6 leaves) 3. Use a shovel or digging blade soil still attached to the roots 4. Smaller wildings (10-20 cm long) need to be conditioned 3-4 mo up to 1 year in the nursery Bigger wildings may be transplanted directly

12 Collection and bagging of wildings 5. Check viability of Rhizophora propagules in mud

13 Collection and bagging of wildings

14 Collection and planting of seeds/propagules 1. Collection during peak of fruiting season 2. When collecting fruits, check the color and texture for maturity. Exclude fruits with damage. Species Seeds or propagules Indicators of maturity a Collection time b Avicennia spp. (api-api) Propagules Seed coat changes from green to light yellow; seed coat becomes wrinkly and oftentimes opens May/June-Sep A. marina (bungalon) Propagules Seed coat changes from green to light yellow; seed coat becomes wrinkly and oftentimes opens May-Sep Bruguiera spp. (busain) Propagules No ring-like mark; green propagules turns brownish/bronze and drops without the pericarp or cap Year round Bruguiera spp. (pototan lalake) Propagules Tip of hypocotyl changes from green to brown Year round Ceriops tagal (tangal) Propagules Presence of ring-like mark (abscission layer) below pericarp or cap (up to 1 cm wide) Year round Rhizophora apiculata (bakawan lalake) Propagules Presence of ring-like mark (abscission layer) below pericarp or cap (up to 1 cm wide) Year round R. mucronata (bakawan babae) Propagules Presence of ring-like mark (abscission layer) below pericarp or cap (up to 1 cm wide) Year round R. stylosa (bakawan bato) Propagules Presence of ring-like mark (abscission layer) below pericarp or cap (up to 1 cm wide) Year round S.alba (pagatpat) Seeds Fruits turn shiny or yellowish and soft Year round X.granatum (tabigi) Seeds Fruits change from light brown to dark brown April, August A from Field, b from Primavera et al.., 2004

15 Collection and planting of seeds/propagules

16 Collection and planting of seeds/propagules 3. Propagules should not be transported between islands. 4. Seeds and propagules can be stored in a shady, cool and dry place and should be planted within 1 week to 1 month days for A. marina and A. corniculatum 1 month for Rhizophora spp. 5. Sow and germinate seeds. Water, fertilize, protect from pest. large seeds and propagules - individual containers small seeds - seedbed prior to transfer in individual bags

17 Collection and planting of seeds/propagules

18 Collection and planting of seeds/propagules Eric Buduan

19 Collection and planting of seeds/propagules 6. Nursery and growout techniques of S. alba seeds (Buduan and Ballon, 2012) Eric Buduan

20 Maintenance 1. Visit nursery at least 2-3 times weekly 2. Healthy plants have green leaves and are pest-free 3. Remove diseased plants and bury them Pest: Coccotrypes fallax Remedy: sun-dried or airdried for 1-2 weeks prior to planting in polybags

21 Maintenance 4. Polybags should be separated from the bottom of the nursery with plastic sheet lining 5. If seedlings are stunted due to small bags, transfer to bigger bags without damaging the roots.

22 Seedling selection and transport 1. Regularly segregate seedlings by species and sizes for easy transport and hauling 2. Prepare crates or modified seedling carriers

23 Onsite/backyard nurseries are easy to set up and maintain because of access Use of wildings: using nature s excess to save time

24 Salamat!