Migratory Soaring Birds Project. SEA & Wind Energy planning

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1 Migratory Soaring Birds Project SEA & Wind Energy planning

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3 Strategic Environmental Assessment SEAs provide overall assessment and guidance to inform where specific developments could occur SEA is a key tool for site selection of wind farms Provides the means to take an overview of the potential impacts of development within a particular area Identify locations where wind development is likely to have the least impact on vulnerable habitats and birds Assess the likely cumulative impact of multiple developments within an area

4 Strategic Planning & RV/RS 2 nd most important flyway in the world for migratory soaring birds Significant populations of globally threatened species Soaring birds are documented as the group of birds most frequently colliding with wind turbines Globally important biodiversity and Bottleneck sites Huge future potentials for energy development, especially wind energy

5 Wind development cycle SEA & development cycle

6 Structured approach to development Role of different phases in preventing detrimental effects of wind farm developments on bird populations

7 Strategic vs planning phase Species sensitivity Species exposure Strategic phase Sensitivity map Habitat information Protected areas Economic constraints Environmental constraints Social constraints Planning phase Preconstruction surveys Strategic Environmental Assessment Preconstruction surveys Preconstruction surveys Environmental Impact Assessment Environmental Impact Assessment Environmental Impact Assessment Cumulative Impact Assessment

8 Strategic planning & assessment A multidisciplinary exercise: Identify areas with favourable wind resources Conflicting interest with other human activities Geotechnical, constructional and logistical restrictions Grid-connections Natural Environment Different levels: Flyway?! National Local

9 Strategic planning & Birds Must be based on qualified knowledge to identify the areas where production is maximized and environmental conflicts are minimized Requires good data on wind resources and species specific data on bird-migration activities on a relative scale (where are bird number high and where are they low) Understand what is regulating your migration system - topography is frequently important Migratory bottlenecks are of particular sensitivity and require specific consideration Choosing the proper scale is important (regional, national, crossboundary)

10 Strategic planning & assessment Ideally Areas of high wind farm potential that do not overlap with other constraints are the preferred locations for potential development Environmental constrains: Within SEA Separately through Sensitivity Map

11 Sensitivity Maps Sensitivity maps are management tools that quantify the importance of different areas for species conservation in relation to proposed developments Indication of where development is most likely to come into conflict with bird sensitivities Provide general orientation of areas of potentially high, medium or low risk for impacts NOT intended to replace a standard Environmental Impact Assessment

12 Sensitivity Maps Species Sensitivity & Exposure

13 Sensitivity Maps Very useful strategic planning tool, especially for: Developers National planning authorities Donor agencies Conservation organizations EIAs consultants

14 RV/RS Sensitivity Map Public access soaring birds sensitivity map web-tool

15 Case study Lessons from Egypt Strategic plan to produce 20% of its electric power from renewable sources by of which 12% contribution from wind energy = >7 GW 9000km² are allotted for wind energy development

16 Case study Wind Farm planning at Gulf of Suez Wind Resources Study area Bird Atlas

17 Case study Wind Farm planning at Gulf of Suez Autumn distribution Spring distribution

18 Case study Wind Farm planning at Gulf of Suez Step 1 Gebel El Zait Gulf of Suez Sinai Red Red Red Red Red Red Red Red Red Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains u Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal El El El El El El El El El Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt

19 Case study Wind Farm planning at Gulf of Suez Step 1 Gebel El Zait Gulf of Suez Sinai On nearly 60% no Windpower Red Red Red Red Red Red Red Red Red Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains About 25% acceptable: green zone Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal El El El El El El El El El Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt More detaillied studies : yellow zone Recommendation to develop- KfW/EU-Windpark in green zone

20 Case study Wind Farm planning at Gulf of Suez Step 2: Yellow Zone Gebel El Zait MW-area Gulf of Suez Sinai Red Red Red Red Red Red Red Red Red Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal El El El El El El El El El Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt

21 Case study Wind Farm planning at Gulf of Suez Step 2: Yellow Zone Gebel El Zait MW-area Gulf of Suez Sinai Red Red Red Red Red Red Red Red Red Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal El El El El El El El El El Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt

22 Case study Wind Farm planning at Gulf of Suez Step 3: Yellow Zone Gebel El Zait MW-area MW-area Red Red Red Red Red Red Red Red Red Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Sinai Gulf of Suez Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal El El El El El El El El El Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt

23 Case study Wind Farm planning at Gulf of Suez Do we see a pattern? If so, what does it reflect? An actual biological pattern? Gulf of Suez Sinai A reflection of the selected scale? An effect of selected methodologies? Red Red Red Red Red Red Red Red Red Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal El El El El El El El El El Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt

24 Case study Wind Farm planning at Gulf of Suez Choosing the appropriate scale and methodology for appropriate assessment Sinai Gulf of Suez Red Red Red Red Red Red Red Red Red Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Sea Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Mountains Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal Gebal El El El El El El El El El Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt Zayt

25 Thank You Red Kite - Flickr - Tony Hisgett