Native Grass Cultivars/Selections Information Sheet Conservation Specification Information Sheet

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Rolf Holland
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NATIVE GRASS CULTIVARS AND SELECTIONS FOR USE IN MISSOURI This guidance is to assist in the development of seeding plans designed with specific selections/cultivars that fit the soil and site

1 NATIVE GRASS CULTIVARS AND SELECTIONS FOR USE IN MISSOURI This guidance is to assist in the development of seeding plans designed with specific selections/cultivars that fit the soil and site conditions to ensure the selection of plants that are well suited for the desired result. Performance and adaptation of native grass cultivars differ by point of collection. Natural selection occurs due to environmental conditions such as temperature, day length, growing season, etc. Experience has shown that seed from a native harvest can generally be moved about 300 miles north or 200 miles south of its collection site without serious adaptation difficulties. Movement east or west is influenced primarily by precipitation and elevation. An increase in 1000 feet in elevation is equivalent to a move of about 175 miles north of its collection site. The following table details the acceptable cultivars/selections for use in native grass plantings in Missouri. If grass cultivars to be planted do not occur on this table, please check with your area resource conservationist or area biologist as a variance may be needed prior to planting. It should be noted that RESTORATION AND MANAGEMENT OF RARE OR DECLINING HABITATS (643) conservation practice requires Missouri source (native plant collection site) and origin (production location) seed. The following cultivars/selections are NOT to be used in the 643 practice. RANKING BY INDIVIDUAL SPECIES (TOP LISTED CULTIVAR/SELECTION PRODUCES THE MOST BIOMASS) Species BIG BLUESTEM LITTLE BLUESTEM Cultivar/Selection (statewide use unless noted otherwise) OZ-70 (south of I-70) (north of I-70) (south of I-70) (sandy sites only) (north of I-70) Source of Collection Western Iowa Southern Missouri, Northern Arkansas, Eastern Oklahoma, and Southern Illinois Eastern Kansas North Central Kansas and South Central Nebraska North Central Nebraska Southwest Kansas and Panhandle Oklahoma Eastern Kansas North Central Kansas and South Central Nebraska NRCS Missouri 1 April 2008

2 Species Cultivar & Selected Source of Collection EASTERN GAMAGRASS Pete Kansas and Oklahoma PMK-24 Kansas and Oklahoma SIDEOATS GRAMA Trailway North Central Nebraska El Reno Central Oklahoma Cuivre River Eastern Missouri (Lincoln VIRGINIA WILDRYE County) O Ma Ha (north of I-70) East and Northeast Nebraska Southern Illinois Eastern and Central INDIANGRASS Kansas and Oklahoma Western Oklahoma Nebraska 54 (north of I- Nebraska 70) (lowland sites) East Central Oklahoma (lowland sites South Central Texas south of I-70) North Central Oklahoma SWITCHGRASS Southern Illinois (north of I-70) North Central and South Central Nebraska (north of I-70) Selection from (north of I- 70) North Central Nebraska NOTE: Any native (non-cultivar/selection) grass/forb/legume used for practices with the 723 seeding specification will be source identified (parent plant location) from Missouri or adjacent states (KS, OK, AR, TN, KY, IL, IA and NE). This would include any species used in mixes with above cultivars, or as pure stands, or grass mixes or forb/legume mixes. NRCS Missouri 2 April 2008

3 The following tables provide additional information for a limited number of the above cultivars/selections. Information is not currently available for other species. For detailed information on plants shown in this information sheet see - Big Bluestem (Andropogon gerardii) cultivars Table does not include the OZ-70 cultivar Location / Rating Late Maturity Dry Matter Yield Percent Stand Forage Quality Northern Location Cedar Falls, Iowa; Perry, Illinois; and Southern Forage quality was tested at the only for crude protein, Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF), and Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF). NRCS Missouri 3 April 2008

4 Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) cultivars Location / Rating Late Maturity Dry Matter Yield Percent Stand Forage Quality Northern Location Cedar Falls, Iowa; Perry, Illinois; and Southern Forage quality was tested at the only for crude protein, Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF), and Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF). NRCS Missouri 4 April 2008

5 Indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutans) cultivars Table does not include the Nebraska 54 cultivar Location / Rating Late Maturity Dry Matter Yield Percent Stand Forage Quality Northern Location Cedar Falls, Iowa; Perry, Illinois; and Southern Forage quality was tested at the only for crude protein, Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF), and Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF). NRCS Missouri 5 April 2008

6 Little Bluestem (Schizachrium scoparium) cultivars Location / Rating Late Maturity Dry Matter Yield Percent Stand Forage Quality Northern Location Cedar Falls, Iowa; Perry, Illinois; and Southern Forage quality was tested at northern and central locations for crude protein, Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF), and Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF). NRCS Missouri 6 April 2008

7 Cultivar Characteristics: Average Plant Height in Feet Species and Cultivar Big bluestem Southern Location (Mt. Vernon, MO) (Perry, IL) Northern Location (Cedar Falls, IA) Switchgrass Indiangrass Little bluestem Sideoats grama El Reno 2.3 * * Trailway 2.1 * 1.8 Eastern gamagrass Pete 3.0 * 4.2 * No data available. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in its programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs and marital or familial status. (Not all prohibited basis apply to all programs). Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact the USDA TARGET Center at (202) (voice and TDD) To file a complaint, write the Secretary of Agriculture, USDA, Washington, DC 20250, or call or (202) (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity employer. NRCS Missouri 7 April 2008

United States Department of Agriculture. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Developed by Jimmy Carter Plant Materials Center

United States Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service Developed by Jimmy Carter Plant Materials Center Seedling ID Guide for Native Grasses in the Southeast Big Bluestem Eastern