FRESH MARKET TOMATO Variety & Disease Control Trials In San Joaquin and Stanislaus Counties

Transcription

1 FRESH MARKET TOMATO 2002 Variety & Disease Control Trials In San Joaquin and Stanislaus Counties Including Results From THE STATEWIDE FRESH MARKET TOMATO COMBINED VARIETY TRIALS University of California Cooperative Extension 420 S. Wilson Way Stockton, CA 95205

2 2002 SAN JOAQUIN AND STANISLAUS COUNTIES FRESH MARKET TOMATO VARIETY AND DISEASE CONTROL TRIALS Conducted by: Bob Mullen, UC Farm Advisor, San Joaquin County Contributing Authors: Marita Cantwell de Trejo, Extension Postharvest Specialist, UC Davis Don Colbert, BASF Corporation Randall Wittie, Crop Pest Management Consultant Scott Whiteley, Extension Field and Laboratory Technician, San Joaquin County Michelle Goff, Post Graduate Researcher, San Joaquin County Nick Prichard, Student Assistant, San Joaquin County The need to find fresh market tomato varieties with disease and nematode resistance, as well as improved horticultural characteristics (fruit size, firmness, color, smoothness, easy stemming or jointless stems, small blossom and stem scars, less fruit cracking and better flavor), along with yield potential, continues to be of great importance to fresh market tomato growers and shippers in both San Joaquin and Stanislaus Counties. Contributing to this increased need is the fact that all of the suitable ground for tomatoes has been cropped to either fresh market or processing tomatoes at one time or another over the years and particularly over the past few seasons. Resistance of varieties to both Races 1 and 2 Fusarium wilt is very common. Virtually all lines have resistance to Race 1 of Verticillium wilt, but there is no known resistances to Verticillium wilt Race 2. Presence of the disease in local fresh market tomato fields has been limited but is increasing. Potential loss of soil fumigation materials has caused seed breeders to develop nematode resistance in most of their newer lines. Many of the newer lines also possess tobacco mosaic, Alternaria and Stemphyllim resistance, and a few have bacterial speck resistance. Additional concerns by growers and shippers relate to effective management of powdery mildew and Phytophthora late blight, particularly with anticipated and actual losses of fungicides due to recent and proposed legislation, as well as current pathogen resistance to some existing fungicides. Possible loss of certain insecticides increased the need for varietal resistance efforts in this area. Insect resistance to insecticides is a continuing concern as well. Another source of concern to growers is the nagging uncertainty of an adequate labor force to harvest the crop. Acreage in the San Joaquin-Stanislaus district has stabilized, after increasing dramatically over the past few years. Interest is high in developing varieties that will retain good horticultural and yield characteristics and yet lend themselves to hand picking and/or mechanical harvest. With this in mind, a number of varieties from private seed company breeding programs have been evaluated for both jointless or arthritic stem characteristics. The bottom line in varietal development and acceptance revolves around having cultivars that yield and ship well enough to offset increased production costs, while providing the quality and flavor characteristics buyers and consumers demand.

3 2002 Variety Trials During 2002, two fresh market tomato variety trials (one with standard Round lines and the other with Roma-type cultivars) were cooperatively conducted in the northern San Joaquin Valley with George Lagorio Farms (Don Nilsson and George Biagi) and Ace Tomato Company (Dean and Kathy Janssen, Jeff Rurup) near Collegeville, Califonria. Additional support for conducting the trials was provided by the California Tomato Commission and its president, Ed Beckman, and research coordinator, John Le Boeuf. Input from the field managers of a number of fresh market shippers in the San Joaquin Valley on selection of varieties evaluated in the trials was most appreciated. The trial of Round varieties contained 11 replicated lines with an additional 28 cultivars in single replication observation plots. The Roma-type trial contained five replicated varieties with another twenty lines in observation. Transplants for both trials were produced by Valley Transplants (Rob Matheny) near Acampo, California. The field variety at the trial site was Bobcat. The trials were transplanted on June 4, 2002 under nearly ideal warm conditions. Stand survival was excellent; with a timely furrow irrigation applied a few days after transplanting. The soil type at the trial site was a Landlow adobe clay. Vine growth and fruit set were excellent in both trials. Excellent grower management resulted in an outstanding trial with most varieties, Round and Roma-types, achieving very high yields. The trials were hand harvested on September 4 th and 5 th, Due to a diligent grower/packing shed pest management program, no significant insect pest or disease developed in the trial field. Complete data on yield and fruit size for the Replicated Round varieties are given in Table 1. The best yield of marketable red and green fruit was achieved by SXT 6624 at 38.6 tons/acre, followed by QualiT 23 (38.0 tons/acre), Shady Lady (36.3 tons/acre), Bobcat (35.0 tons/acre) and SRT 6718 (34.5 tons/acre). Fruit size was quite large with all of the replicated lines in the trial. In the single replication Observation Round variety block, the highest yield of marketable red and green fruit occurred with PS at 45.3 tons/acre, followed by EX and GVS 51182, both at 43.6 tons/acre, Sunbrite (41.8 tons/acre), SRT 6728 (41.4 tons/acre), BHN 464 (41.1 tons/acre), XTM 0112 (41.0 tons/acre), and XTM 0112 and XPH 12254, both at 39.2 tons/acre. As with the replicated trial, fruit were quite large with the observation trial lines. Table 2 provides complete yield and fruit sizing data for Round lines in the observation block. Fruit quality characteristics such as crop maturity, fruit shape and size, fruit smoothness, fruit set and firmness, stemability of fruit, along with notes on vine cover and other observations are provided in Table 3A For the Replicated Round varieties and Table 3B for the Observation Round lines. In the Roma-type fresh market tomato Replicated trial block, the greatest yield of marketable red and green fruit was produced by BHN 621 at 40.2 tons/acre, followed by BHN 523 (37.1 tons/acre), Mariana (30.3 tons/acre) and Monica (29.2 tons/acre). Yield, crop maturity and fruit sizing data are presented in Table 4.

4 In the Observation trial area of the Roma-type fresh market tomato variety trial, the best yield of marketable red and green fruit was attained by C9008 at 42.7 tons/acre, followed by C8985 (40.5 tons/acre), GVS 1029 (39.2 tons/acre), GVS 1031 (37.5 tons/acre), HA 3813 (36.6 tons/acre), and SD 257 (35.1 tons/acre). Table 5 shows data on yield, crop maturity and fruit size for all of the lines evaluated in the observation block of the Roma-type varieties. While fruit smoothness was good with all of the lines in the Roma-type trial, both replicated and observation, fruit size tended to be somewhat variable. Observations on maturity, fruit shape, fruit smoothness and firmness, fruit set and size and stemability of fruit along with notes on vine cover and other comments are presented in Table 6A and Table 6B for both the replicated and observation Roma-type cultivars in the trial. From the standpoint of overall fruit quality and yield potential, the leading Round replicated liens were QualiT 23, Bobcat, SXT 6624, SRT 6718 and Shady Lady. Best Round observational lines included BHN 500, BHN 524, Classy Lady, GVS 51182, EX and GVS Of the replicated Roma-type liens, Mariana and BHN 523 gave the best combination of fruit quality and yield in this trial. In the Roma-type observation block, C8985, C9008, SD 256, SD 257, H 131, GVS 1029, GVS provided a good combination of yield and fruit quality. Most of the other Roma-type liens were square round in shape or other nontraditional shapes. A comprehensive report by Marita Cantwell, Extension Postharvest Specialist at UC Davis, on postharvest evaluation of fruit from replicated lines in the four variety trials (three Round and one Roma) that were conducted this year by farm advisors in Tulare/Kings, Merced and San Joaquin Counties is available at our office by request. Factors such as fruit color, firmness and composition at the mature green and vine-ripe stage were evaluated. MANY THANKS Many thanks to Don Nilsson and George Biagi (Lagorio Farms) and Dean and Kathy Janssen and Jeff Rurup (Ace Tomato Co.) for their participation and cooperation in the two variety trials. Much gratitude is also expressed to Paul Polk (Polk Farms) and Tom Guido and Nate and Joe Esformes (Triple E Produce) for their help and guidance in the conduct of the two fresh market tomato disease management trials in Thanks also to Ed Beckman and John Le Boeuf and the members of the California Tomato Commission Research Committees for their continued support of variety evaluation and pest management research. Thanks also to Marita Cantwell (UC Cooperative Extension Postharvest Specialist at UC Davis) for her continued and tireless help in postharvest evaluation of the fruit from many of the cultivars tested in the variety trials. Also, a special thanks to Michelle Le Strange (Farm Advisor in Tulare and Kings Counties) for the outstanding Statewide Variety Trial report she prepared. It took a lot of time to combine the data from the three Round variety trials conducted in the San Joaquin Valley and to statistically analyze the results. Finally, thanks to the participating seed industry for providing the basic materials for the trials, as well as continued financial support to the UC Farm Advisor Fresh Market Tomato Variety Evaluation project.

5 2002 Fresh Market Tomato Varieties Round Lines Seed Company Replicated Observation American Takii AT 48 AT 89 Asgrow Sunbrite XPH BHN Seed BHN 503 BHN 464 BHN 501 BHN 499 BHN 524 BHN 500 Golden Valley Seed GVS GVS GVS GVS GVS GVS Hazera Seeds HA 3603 HA 3640 HA 3638 LSL Plant Science B807 B812 Sakata Seed XTM 0112 XTM 7111 Seminis Seeds PS PS EX Southwestern Seed SW SW Sunseeds SXT 6624 SRT 6719 SRT 6718 SRT 6722 Shady Lady Classy Lady SRT 6728 Syngenta QualiT 21 Bobcat QualiT 23 United Genetics Fair Lady

6 Table Fresh Market Tomato Variety Trial Lagorio Farms / Ace Tomato Co. Collegeville, California Replicated Varieties Market Yield/Acre % Market Yield Non Market Yield Total Yield Variety Tons Boxes X-Large Large Medium Small T/A Culls T/A T/A % Reds SXT , QualiT , Shady Lady , Bobcat , SRT , QualiT , SRT , BHN , B , SRT , PS , Average: , %: C.V.% 6.2% 6.2%

7 Replicated Market Tomato Variety Trial tons/acre tons/acre tons SXT6624 Shady Lady SRT6718 SRT6719 B-807 PS variety

8 Table Fresh Market Tomato Variety Trial Lagorio Farms / Ace Tomato Co. Collegeville, California Observation Varieties Market Yield/Acre % Market Yield Non Market Yield Total Yield Variety Tons Boxes X-Large Large Medium Small T/A Culls T/A T/A % Reds PS , EX , GVS , Sunbrite , SRT , BHN , XTM , XTM , XPH , B , HA , BHN , HA , Classy Lady , AT , SW , BHN , GVS , SW , AT , BHN , GVS , GVS , BHN , Fair Lady , HA , GVS , GVS ,

9 Observational Market Tomato Variety Trial tons/acre BHN524 BHN501 Fair Lady GVS51993 GVS51644 GVS51643 GVS51535 GVS51182 GVS51178 BHN500 BHN499 AT48 AT89 HA3603 HA3638 HA3640 SW SW XPH12254 BHN464 Sunbrite XTM7111 XTM0112 B-812 SRT6728 Classy Lady EX PS variety tons/acre tons

10 Table 3A Fresh Market Tomato Variety Trials Lagorio Farms / Ace Tomato Co.; Collegeville, California Replicated Trial Round Lines Variety Maturity 1 2 Fruit Shape Fruit 3 Smoothness Fruit 4 Firmness Fruit Set Stemability 5 Vine Cover Fruit 6 Size Other Notes QualiT 21 M FR Good 3.0 Fair - Good L-XL Semi-floppy, medium large vine QualiT 23 * M FR-G Good 2.5 Good L-XL Semi-floppy, large vine, some ribbiness in the fruit Bobcat * M FR-G Good 2.5 Fair L-XL Semi-open, large vine, some fruit ribbiness, good crop PS EM FR Good 2.5 Fair Good M-L Large vine, some exposed and ribby fruit SXT 6624 * M FR-G Good 3.0 Fair Good M-L Floppy, medium large vine, nice smooth fruit SRT 6718 * ML FR-G Good 2.5 Fair Good M-L Large vine, some exposed fruit, nice, smooth fruit SRT 6719 ML FR-G Good 3.0 Good M-L Large vine, smooth fruit with nice green color SRT 6722 M FR Good 3.5 Fair Good M Floppy, large vine Shady Lady * M-ML FR-G Good 3.0 Fair Good M-L Floppy vine with some exposed fruit, some ribby fruit, fairly smooth B-807 M FR-G Good 3.0 Fair M-L Floppy, open vine, ribby fruit BHN 503 M FR-G Good 3.5 Fair M Floppy, open vine with some ribbiness in fruit 1 M = Midseason Maturity; E = Early Maturity; L = Late Maturity; EM = Early to Midseason Maturity; ML = Mid Late Maturity 2 Fruit Shape: FR = Flat Round; G = Globe 3 Fruit Smoothness: 1 = bad; 5 = excellent 4 Fruit Firmness: 1 = soft; 5 = very firm 5 Stemability: 1 = hard stemming (many stems attached to fruit); 5 = stems easily 6 Fruit Size: M = Medium; L = Large; XL = Extra Large * Varieties marked with an asterisk indicate varieties with good to excellent potential

11 Table 3B Fresh Market Tomato Variety Trials Lagorio Farms / Ace Tomato Co.; Collegeville, California Observation Trial Round Lines Variety Maturity 1 2 Fruit Shape Fruit 3 Smoothness Fruit 4 Firmness Fruit Set Stemability 5 Vine Cover Fruit 6 Size Other Notes PS EM FR Good 2.5 Fair M-L Floppy vine with some exposed, ribby fruit EX * M FR Good 3.0 Fair Good M-XL Floppy vine with some exposed fruit Classy Lady* M FR-G Good 3.5 Fair M-XL Slightly pointed fruit, smooth, floppy vine SRT 6728 M FR-G Good 2.5 Fair Good M-L Some exposed fruit with some ribbiness and open sinus B-812 EM FR-G Good 3.0 Fair Good M-L Light green, large vine, some off-shape fruit XTM 0112* ML FR-G Good 3.5 Fair Good M-L Floppy vine with some fruit ribbiness XTM 7111 ML FR Good 3.0 Fair M-XL Floppy vine with some fruit ribbiness Sunbrite EM FR Good 2.5 Fair M-XL Floppy vine with some exposed and ribby fruit BHN 464 M FR Good 2.5 Poor Fair M-L Floppy vine with lot of exposed fruit, some ribby fruit BHN 499 M FR-G Good 3.5 Poor Fair M-L Open vine with exposed, sunburned fruit, some ribbiness and open sinus AT 48 ML G Good 3.0 Fair Good M-L Large floppy vine, some ribby fruit AT 89 M G Good 2.5 Fair-Good M-L Floppy vine with some ribby fruit HA 3603 M FR-G Good 3.0 Fair M-XL Floppy open vine with some ribby fruit HA 3638 ML FR Good 3.0 Fair M-L Floppy open vine with some exposed fruit and ribby fruit HA 3640 M FR-G Good 3.5 Fair-Good M-L Floppy vine, a few blotchy ripe fruit SW EM FR Good 3.5 Fair M-L Floppy open vine with some ribby fruit SW EM FR Good 3.0 Fair M-XL Floppy vine with some fruit having open sinus & cracking XPH M FR Good 2.5 Good M-XL Floppy vine with some ribby fruit BHN 500* M FR-G Good 3.0 Fair-Good M-XL Floppy vine with slight fruit ribbiness, smooth, large fruit GVS 51178* M FR-G Good 3.5 Fair-Good M-XL Floppy vine with some ribby fruit and off-shapes, pretty smooth GVS 51182* M G Good 3.5 Fair M-XL Floppy open vine with some exposed fruit, pretty smooth GVS ML FR Good 3.0 Fair-Good M-L Floppy vine with some ribby fruit GVS ML FR-G Good 3.0 Fair-Good M-L Floppy vine with some ribby fruit and off-shapes GVS M FR-G Good 2.5 Fair M Smallish ribby fruit and open, floppy vine GVS ML FR Good 2.5 Fair M Variable fruit size with some ribbiness and a floppy vine Fair Lady M FR-G Good 3.0 Fair M-XL Floppy vine, fruit ribby with some blotchy and off-shape fruit BHN 501 EM FR-G Good 3.0 Fair M-XL Floppy, semi-open vine with some ribby fruit BHN 524* EM FR-G Good 3.5 Fair M-XL Floppy, open vine with some exposed fruit and sunburn, smooth fruit 1 M = Midseason Maturity; E = Early Maturity; L = Late Maturity; EM = Early to Midseason Maturity; ML = Mid Late Maturity 2 Fruit Shape: FR = Flat Round; G = Globe 3 Fruit Smoothness: 1 = bad; 5 = excellent 4 Fruit Firmness: 1 = soft; 5 = very firm 5 Stemability: 1 = hard stemming (many stems attached to fruit); 5 = stems easily 6 Fruit Size: M = Medium; L = Large; XL = Extra Large * Varieties marked with an asterisk indicate varieties with good to excellent potential.

12 2002 Fresh Market Tomato Varieties Roma Lines Seed Company Replicated Observation BHN Seed BHN 523 BHN 621 C8985 C9008 California Tomato Research Institute CTRI-1605 Golden Valley Seed Hazera Seeds GVS 1020 GVS 1030 GVS 1021 GVS 1031 GVS 1022 GVS GVS 1029 HA 3811 HA HA 3813 HA HS HA Heinz Seed H-131 LSL Plant Science SD 256 SD 257 Sakata Seed Monica Mariana Seminis Seeds PS United Genetics Rio Oro 35

13 Table Fresh Market Tomato Roma Variety Trial Lagorio Farms / Ace Tomato Co. Collegeville, California Replicated Varieties Market Yield/Acre % Market Yield Non Market Yield Total Yield Variety Tons Boxes X-Large Large Medium Small Culls T/A T/A % Reds BHN , BHN , Mariana , Monica , CTRI , %: C.V. = 16.6% 16.6% Roma Sizing Criteria: Extra Large > 165 grams; Large 130 to 165 grams; Medium 90 to 130 grams; Small 50 to 90 grams

14 Replicated Roma Tomato Variety Trial tons/acre tons/acre tons/acre Monica Mariana CTRI1605 BHN621 BHN523 variety

15 Table Fresh Market Tomato Roma Variety Trial Lagorio Farms / Ace Tomato Co. Collegeville, California Observation Varieties Market Yield/Acre % Market Yield Non Market Yield Total Yield Variety Tons Boxes X-Large Large Medium Small Culls T/A T/A % Reds C , C , GVS , GVS , HA , SD , HA , GVS , SD , PS , H , HA , GVS , HA , GVS , GVS , HA , Rio Oro , HA , GVS , Roma Sizing Criteria: Extra Large > 165 grams; Large 130 to 165 grams; Medium 90 to 130 grams; Small 50 to 90 grams

16 H131 Rio Oro 35 Observational Roma Tomato Variety Trial tons/acre tons/acre GVS51995 GVS1031 GVS1030 GVS1029 HA35233 SD256 SD257 GVS1020 GVS1021 GVS1022 C9008 C8985 HA35213 HA35133 HA33033 HA3813 HA3811 PS Variety tons/acre

17 Table 6A Fresh Market Tomato Variety Trials Lagorio Farms / Ace Tomato Co.; Collegeville, California Replicated Trial Roma Lines 1 Variety Maturity Fruit Shape Fruit 2 Smoothness Fruit 3 Firmness Fruit Set Stemability 4 Vine Cover Fruit 5 Size Other Notes Monica Mariana* CTRI 1605 BHN 523* BHN 621 ML M ML EM M Blocky long Pear Blocky long pear Square round Blocky pear Blocky pear Good 4.0 Fair-Good M-L Medium large vine, fruit a bit smaller than normal Good 4.0 Good L Good vine and crop with large, smooth fruit Good 4.0 Good S-M Large vine size with smallish darker green fruit Good 4.0 Fair-Good M-L Good vine and crop with large smooth fruit Good 4.0 Fair M-L Semi-open medium large vine, heavy crop load 1 M = Midseason Maturity; E = Early Maturity; L = Late Maturity; EM = Early to Midseason Maturity; ML = Mid Late Maturity 2 Fruit Smoothness: 1 = bad; 5 = excellent 3 Fruit Firmness: 1 = soft; 5 = very firm 4 Stemability: 1 = hard stemming (many stems attached to fruit); 5 = stems easily 5 Fruit Size: M = Medium; L = Large; XL = Extra Large * Varieties marked with an asterisk indicate good to excellent potential

18 Table 6B Fresh Market Tomato Variety Trials Lagorio Farms / Ace Tomato Co.; Collegeville, California Observation Trial Roma Lines Variety Maturity 1 Fruit Shape PS M HA 3811 M HA 3813 ML Fruit 2 Smoothness Egg to square round 4.0 Egg to square round 4.0 Bell shape to square round 3.5 Elongated square round 4.0 HA EM HA EM Pointy pear 3.5 HA M Bell to square C8985* M HA EM SD 256* EM SD 257* M GVS 1020 M GVS 1021 ML GVS 1022 M round 3.5 Elongated square round 3.5 Elongated square round 3.0 Elongated square pear 4.0 Elongated square pear 4.0 Fat square round 4.0 Fat square round 4.0 Elongated square round 4.0 Elongated egg to pear shape 4.0 C9008* EM GVS 1029* E Square round 4.0 GVS 1030 EM Square round 4.0 GVS 1031 EM GVS 51995* M Square round to slight bell 3.5 shape Elongated square round 4.0 Elongated square round 3.0 Fruit 3 Firmness Fruit Set Stemability 4 Vine Cover Fruit 5 Size Other Notes 4.0 Good 4.0 Fair-Good M-L Nontraditional fruit shape, heavy fruits load, floppy vine 3.5 Good 4.0 Fair-Good M-L Nontraditional fruit shape, heavy fruit load, floppy vine 4.0 Good 4.0 Fair M-L Floppy vine, some exposed fruit 4.0 Good 4.0 Fair M Large fruit load, open vine with some exposed fruit 3.5 Good 4.0 Fair M Dark green fruit with high lycopene content, med large open vine 3.5 Good 4.0 Fair M-L Floppy vine, some blotchy ripe fruit 4.0 Good 4.0 Fair-Good L Slightly open floppy vine, large fruit and heavy fruit load 3.5 Good 4.0 Fair M Floppy vine, lot of smallish fruit 4.0 Good 4.0 Fair-Good L Floppy vine, nice, smooth large fruit, heavy fruit load 3.0 Good 4.0 Fair L Floppy vine, nice, smooth large fruit, heavy fruit load 3.5 Good 4.0 Fair-Good L Floppy vine, nontraditional fruit shape, good fruit load 4.0 Good 4.0 Good M-L Floppy vine, nontraditional fruit shape, late maturity 3.5 Good 4.0 Fair-Good L Floppy vine, pretty smooth fruit 3.5 Good 4.0 Fair L Lot of large, smooth fruit; high yield, open vine, some exposed fruit 3.0 Good 4.0 Poor-Fair M Floppy, open vine, good yield potential 3.0 Good 4.0 Fair M Floppy open vine 3.5 Good 4.0 Fair M-L Floppy open vine, non traditional fruit shape 4.0 Good 4.0 Fair-Good M-L Floppy vine, nice, long smooth fruit, good yield Rio Oro 35 ML 4.0 Good 4.0 Good M Fruit are some what ribby, semi-open vine H-131* M Elongated pear Good 4.0 Good M-L Slightly open vine, pretty nice pear, good yield potential 1 M = Midseason Maturity; E = Early Maturity; L = Late Maturity; EM = Early to Midseason Maturity; ML = Mid Late Maturity 2 Fruit Smoothness: 1 = bad; 5 = excellent 3 Fruit Firmness: 1 = soft; 5 = very firm 4 Stemability: 1 = hard stemming (many stems attached to fruit); 5 = stems easily 5 Fruit Size: M = Medium; L = Large; XL = Extra Large * Varieties marked with an asterisk indicate good to excellent potential

19 2002 Statewide Fresh Market Tomato Combined Variety Trials Results

20 Statewide Variety Trials FIELD EVALUATIONS Michelle Le Strange, Scott Stoddard, and Bob Mullen Farm Advisors, Tulare & Kings, Merced & Madera, and San Joaquin Counties Introduction Fresh market tomato variety trials are conducted in major tomato-growing regions in California to evaluate the performance of new varieties and breeding lines from commercial plant breeder programs and universities. Variety trials provide the opportunity to evaluate and compare fruit quality characteristics and yield under the same field conditions. It is important to test the varieties in several areas to assess performance under different climatic conditions and soils. The objective is to identify dependable, higher yielding and higher quality variety releases that can be grown over a wide geographic area under varying environmental conditions. To determine which varieties/lines are tested, growers/packers/shippers and seed company representatives are surveyed throughout the state. Replicated varieties have been previously tested in grower fields in California. Observed lines usually represent the plant breeder s most promising lines for California s commercial growing conditions and markets. Trial Locations County farm advisors conduct the statewide variety trials in a uniform fashion so that local results can be compared with other locations. Three round variety trials and one roma variety trial were grown and harvested in commercial fields in Kings County: April 18 - July 11 with Jones Farms (O.P. Murphy & Sons) near Kettleman City (Michelle Le Strange). Merced County: May 15 - August 8 with Live Oak Farms in LeGrand (Scott Stoddard). San Joaquin County: June 4 - Sept. 4 with Lagorio Farms (Ace Tomato Co.) near Collegeville; round and roma tomato variety trials (Bob Mullen). Approximately 12 varieties were replicated and 20 lines/varieties were grown under single plot observation at each site, representing eight commercial seed companies. The three round tomato variety trials had 11 replicated and 14 observed (non-replicated) varieties in common. These are listed on the next page. The production results are presented in a series of tables which are described in the next section. Postharvest samples from all replicated varieties were collected from all trials at the time of harvest and transported to the Mann Laboratory at UC Davis for color, firmness, and composition evaluations at the table-ripe stage. Fruit were harvested as mature greens, but some cultivars were also harvested as vine ripe. A complete summary of the postharvest results is available upon request at the San Joaquin County Cooperative Extension office. Each farm advisor prepares a research progress report that lists the production and postharvest performance of the varieties in their county location. These reports are mailed to the tomato industry and interested persons. They are available upon request and should be obtained and consulted with regard to variety performance in market yield, fruit sizing data, and fruit quality observations for that particular trial location.

21 Varieties in Common at Kings, Merced, and San Joaquin Counties 2002 Fresh Market Tomato Uniform Trials Seed Company Replicated Observed American Takii BHN Hazera BHN 503 (VFFT) AT 48 AT 49 BHN 464 BHN 499 BHN 500 (VFFN) BHN 524 HA 3603 (VFFT) HA 3638 (VFFN) HA 3640 (VFFT) LSL Plant Science B-807(VFFT) B-812 Seminis Sunseeds Syngenta PS (VFFT) Shady Lady (VFF) SRT 6718 (VFFN) SRT 6719 (VFFN) SRT 6722 (VFFN) SXT 6624 (VFF) Bobcat (VFF Stem.) QualiT 21 (VFFN TMV Stem.) QualiT 23 (VFF TMV Stem.) XP EX Classy Lady (VFN) SRT 6728 (VFFN) Verticillium, Fusarium race 1, Fusarium race 2, Nematode, T or TMV Tobacco MosaicVirus, Stemphyllium leafspot. Results Combined Summary Tables Tables 1 and 2 summarize the data. Tables A- B-C include equivalent information and rank the varieties from highest to lowest. Tables 1-D and 2-D reflect the size grade percentages of marketable yield. Replicated Varieties (3 locations) Table 1: Yield and Maturity Summary Table 1-A: Market Yield Tons/Acre and Boxes/Acre Table 1-B: Total Yield Tons/Acre and Boxes/Acre Table 1-C: Percent Reds Table 1-D: Size Grades - % Market Yield Table 2-B: Table 2-C: Table 2-D: Tons/Acre and Boxes/Acre Total Yield Tons/Acre and Boxes/Acre Percent Reds Size Grades - % Market Yield Discussion The summary tables are included as an aid to assess and compare performances among varieties at the different locations. Observed Varieties (3 locations) Table 2: Yield and Maturity Summary Table 2-A: Market Yield

22 REPLICATED VARIETIES Market Yield: Market yield ranged from 31.5 to 27.3 tons per acre, a difference of 4.2 tons. The calculated Least Significant Difference was 2.8 tons so in general varieties yielded similarly in marketable fruit. There was no significant difference between the top six varieties listed in Table 1. Bobcat and QualiT 21 were higher in market yields than the last five varieties listed in Table 1. Total Yield: When total yield is evaluated the range widened from 47.1 to 39.4 tons per acre, a difference of 8.7 tons and there was more separation of means (a-f) as shown in Table 1-B. Bobcat was at the top of both lists and Shady Lady was in the middle. B-807 went from the penultimate to second place when ranked for marketable and total yield indicating a high amount of nonmarketable fruit Bobcat and QualiT 21 topped the list in Kings & Merced counties, whereas QualiT 23, BHN 503 and SXT 6624 and topped the San Joaquin County list. There was quite a bit of variability in varietal performance at each county. Percent Reds: PS , Shady Lady, and BHN 503 were the earliest varieties followed by SXT 6624 and QualiT 23. SRT 6718 was the latest variety followed by QualiT 21 and Bobcat. Percent Size Grades: The eleven replicated lines averaged close to 40% - 40% - 20% for extra large, large, and medium sized fruits. Of the top six varieties in market yield QualiT 21 averaged 55.8% extra large fruits, which was 8% more than its sister varieties QualiT 23 (47.7%) and Bobcat (47.2%). Extra large fruit size of the other top three varieties were closer to 1/3 of marketable yield. With respect to medium sizes the Syngenta lines were close to 15%, while the other three were 20-25% medium sized fruit. OBSERVED VARIETIES The single plot observation varieties from each location were combined and analyzed as a replicated field study. There was a lot of variability within varieties between locations, which makes summarizing performance difficult. The data should be viewed with less confidence than replicated tests. Assuming that Kings is early, Merced is midseason, and San Joaquin is late, then in general: Some perform better EARLY than LATE: Market yield: BHN 499, AT 48, BHN 500 Total yield: BHN 499, BHN 524, AT 89 Percent red: BHN 464, BHN 524, AT 89, B-812, HA 3640 Some perform better LATE than EARLY: Market yield: EX , SRT 6728, B-812, HA 3638 Total yield: SRT 6728, B-812, HA 3603 Percent red: XP , HA 3638 Some perform BETTER in MIDSEASON: Market yield: BHN464, BHN524, Classy Lady Total yield: Classy Lady, HA 3603 Percent red: AT 48 Some perform WORSE in MIDSEASON: Total yield: EX , BHN 500, SRT 6728 Percent red: BHN 500, HA 3638 Some perform CONSISTENTLY at all sites: Market yield: XP , HA 3640 Total yield: XP150410, BHN 464, BHN 500, HA 3640 Percent red: BHN499, EX , HA 3603

23 Final Remarks Determining what variety to plant for a complex fresh market industry is outside the scope of this evaluation. The purpose of this research is to assist growers, packers, shippers, and the seed industry with variety selections and evaluations. The strength of the farm advisors variety trial is in side-by-side comparisons of yields and quality characteristics in a commercial setting across a range of conditions. The ultimate test of variety performance is commercial scale success on individual farms over a number of seasons.

24 Table 1 YIELD & MATURITY* of Fresh Market Tomatoes - REPLICATED Varieties Results Summary of Three Fresh Market Tomato Trials Combined Results Kings Co. Merced Co. San Joaquin Co. (early season) (midseason) (late season) Yield T/A % Yield T/A % Yield T/A % Yield T/A % Variety Company Market Total Reds Market Total Reds Market Total Reds Market Total Reds Bobcat Syngenta QualiT 21 Syngenta SXT 6624 Sunseeds SRT 6718 Sunseeds Shady Lady Sunseeds QualiT 23 Syngenta PS Seminis BHN 503 BHN SRT 6722 Sunseeds B-807 LSL Plant Sci SRT 6719 Sunseeds Average LSD NS NS CV % Variety x Location Interaction NS NS S Variety by Location Interaction - When this statistic is significant, it means that the varieties did not behave consistently at each location. * Market Yield = average weight in pounds of four replications converted to tons and boxes per acre of all marketable extra large, large, and medium sized fruit. Small fruit were considered unmarketable this year. TOTAL Yield = Marketable Yield plus small sized and cull fruit. Percent Red = % reds by weight of TOTAL yield including culls to indicate maturity relative to all tested varieties.

25 Table 1-A Marketable Yield (TONS/Boxes per Acre)* - REPLICATED Varieties Summary of Three Fresh Market Tomato Trials Combined Market Kings Co. Merced Co. San Joaquin Co. Yield/Acre (early season) (midseason) (late season) Variety Company Tons Boxes Tons Boxes Tons Boxes Tons Boxes Bobcat Syngenta 31.5 a QualiT 21 Syngenta 30.9 a SXT 6624 Sunseeds 29.7 ab SRT 6718 Sunseeds 29.5 ab Shady Lady Sunseeds 29.2 ab QualiT 23 Syngenta 29.2 ab PS Seminis 28.0 b BHN 503 BHN 27.8 b SRT 6722 Sunseeds 27.6 b B-807 LSL Plant Sci b SRT 6719 Sunseeds 27.3 b Average LSD NS NS CV % Variety x Location Interaction NS Variety x Location Interaction - When this statistic is significant then the varieties behaved differently at each location. * Market Yield = average weight in pounds of four replications converted to tons and boxes per acre of all marketable extra-large, large, and medium sized fruit. Small fruit were considered unmarketable this year.

26 Table 1-B TOTAL Yield (TONS/Boxes per Acre)* - REPLICATED Varieties Summary of Three Fresh Market Tomato Trials Combined TOTAL Kings Co. Merced Co. San Joaquin Co. Yield/Acre (early season) (midseason) (late season) Variety Company Tons Boxes Tons Boxes Tons Boxes Tons Boxes Bobcat Syngenta 47.1 a B-807 LSL Plant Sci ab PS Seminis 45.6 abc BHN 503 BHN 45.4 abc QualiT 23 Syngenta 44.4 abcd QualiT 21 Syngenta 43.7 bcde Shady Lady Sunseeds 42.4 cdef SXT 6624 Sunseeds 42.0 def SRT 6722 Sunseeds 40.9 ef SRT 6718 Sunseeds 40.8 ef SRT 6719 Sunseeds 39.4 f Average LSD CV % Variety x Location Interaction NS NS Variety x Location Interaction - When this statistic is significant then the varieties behaved differently at each location. * TOTAL Yield = Marketable Yield plus small sized and cull fruit.

27 Table 1-C Percent (%) Red Fruit at Harvest* - REPLICATED Varieties Summary of Three Fresh Market Tomato Trials Variety Company Combined Kings Merced San Joaquin PS Seminis Shady Lady Sunseeds BHN 503 BHN SXT 6624 Sunseeds QualiT 23 Syngenta B-807 LSL Plant Sci SRT 6722 Sunseeds SRT 6719 Sunseeds Bobcat Syngenta QualiT 21 Syngenta SRT 6718 Sunseeds Average LSD NS CV % Variety x Location S Variety x Location Interaction - When this statistic is significant then the varieties behaved differently at each location. * Percent Red = % reds by weight of TOTAL yield including culls to indicate maturity relative to all tested varieties.

28 COMBINED RESULTS Kings Co. Merced Co. San Joaquin Co. (early season) (midseason) (late season) % Market Yield % Market Yield % Market Yield % Market Yield Variety Company XL L Med XL L Med XL L Med XL L Med Bobcat Syngenta QualiT 21 Syngenta SXT 6624 Sunseeds SRT 6718 Sunseeds Shady Lady Sunseeds QualiT 23 Syngenta PS Seminis BHN 503 BHN SRT 6722 Sunseeds B-807 LSL Plant Sci SRT 6719 Sunseeds Average LSD CV % Variety x Location Interaction NS NS NS Table 1-D Size Grades of Fresh Market Tomatoes - REPLICATED Varieties Results Summary of Three Fresh Market Tomato Trials Sorted by Market Yield Variety by Location Interaction - When this statistic is significant, it means that the varieties did not behave consistently at each location. * Market Yield = average weight in pounds of four replications converted to tons and boxes per acre of all marketable extra large, large, and medium sized fruit. Small fruit were considered unmarketable this year. FRUIT SIZES: XL = 2 7/8 to 3 15/16 inches diameter L = 2 17/32 to 2 7/8 " M = 2 9/32 to 2 17/32 " S = 2 1/8 to 2 9/32 "

29 Table 2 YIELD & MATURITY* of Fresh Market Tomatoes - OBSERVED Varieties Combined Results of Three Fresh Market Tomato Trials Sorted by Market Yield Combined Results Kings Co. Merced Co. San Joaquin Co. (early season) (midseason) (late season) Yield T/A % Yield T/A % Yield T/A % Yield T/A % Variety Company Market Total Reds Market Total Reds Market Total Reds Market Total Reds XP Seminis BHN 464 BHN BHN 499 BHN AT 48 Am Takii EX Seminis AT 89 Am Takii BHN 500 BHN BHN 524 BHN SRT 6728 Sunseeds B-812 LSL Plant Sci Classy Lady Sunseeds HA 3603 Hazera HA 3640 Hazera HA 3638 Hazera Average LSD CV % * Market Yield = average weight in pounds of four replications converted to tons and boxes per acre of all marketable extra large, large, and medium sized fruit. Small fruit were considered unmarketable this year. TOTAL Yield = Marketable Yield plus small sized and cull fruit. Percent Red = % reds by weight of TOTAL yield including culls to indicate maturity relative to all tested varieties.

30 Table 2-A Marketable Yield (TONS/Boxes per Acre)* - OBSERVED Varieties Summary of Three Fresh Market Tomato Trials Combined Market Kings Co. Merced Co. San Joaquin Co. Yield/Acre (early season) (midseason) (late season) Variety Company Tons Boxes Tons Boxes Tons Boxes Tons Boxes XP Seminis 35.1 a BHN 464 BHN 34.4 a BHN 499 BHN 32.9 a AT 48 Am Takii 32.6 abc EX Seminis 31.3 abcd AT 89 Am Takii 30.0 abcd BHN 500 BHN 29.9 abcd BHN 524 BHN 29.8 abcd SRT 6728 Sunseeds 29.2 abcd B-812 LSL Plant Sci 28.9 abcd Classy Lady Sunseeds 28.2 abcd HA 3603 Hazera 25.8 bcd HA 3640 Hazera 23.2 cd HA 3638 Hazera 22.5 d Average LSD CV % 17.0 * Market Yield = average weight in pounds of four replications converted to tons and boxes per acre of all marketable extra-large, large, and medium sized fruit. Small fruit were considered unmarketable this year.

31 Table 2-B TOTAL Yield (TONS/Boxes per Acre)* - OBSERVED Varieties Summary of Three Fresh Market Tomato Trials Combined TOTAL Kings Co. Merced Co. San Joaquin Co. Yield/Acre (early season) (midseason) (late season) Variety Company Tons Boxes Tons Boxes Tons Boxes Tons Boxes XP Seminis 50.0 a EX Seminis 49.6 a BHN 524 BHN 48.2 ab B-812 LSL Plant Sci 47.6 ab BHN 464 BHN 46.1 abc AT 89 Am Takii 43.8 abc BHN 500 BHN 43.3 abc Classy Lady Sunseeds 42.1 abc BHN 499 BHN 42.0 abc HA 3603 Hazera 41.5 abc SRT 6728 Sunseeds 40.8 abc AT 48 Am Takii 40.4 abc HA 3640 Hazera 37.8 bc HA 3638 Hazera 36.3 c Average LSD CV % 14.8 * TOTAL Yield = Marketable Yield plus small sized and cull fruit.

32 Table 2-C Percent (%) Red Fruit at Harvest* - OBSERVED Varieties Summary of Three Fresh Market Tomato Trials Variety Company Combined Kings Merced San Joaquin EX Seminis XP Seminis Classy Lady Sunseeds BHN 464 BHN AT 89 Am Takii HA 3640 Hazera BHN 524 BHN BHN 500 BHN HA 3603 Hazera B-812 LSL Plant Sci BHN 499 BHN SRT 6728 Sunseeds AT 48 Am Takii HA 3638 Hazera Average LSD CV % 44.9 * Percent Red = % reds by weight of TOTAL yield including culls to indicate maturity relative to all tested varieties.

33 Table 2-D Size Grades of Fresh Market Tomatoes - OBSERVED Varieties Summary of Three Fresh Market Tomato Trials Sorted by Market Yield COMBINED RESULTS Kings Co. Merced Co. San Joaquin Co. (early season) (midseason) (late season) % Market Yield % Market Yield % Market Yield % Market Yield Variety Company XL L Med XL L Med XL L Med XL L Med XP Seminis BHN 464 BHN BHN 499 BHN AT 48 Am Takii EX Seminis AT 89 Am Takii BHN 500 BHN BHN 524 BHN SRT 6728 Sunseeds B-812 LSL Plant Sci Classy Lady Sunseeds HA 3603 Hazera HA 3640 Hazera HA 3638 Hazera Average LSD CV % * Market Yield = average weight in pounds of four replications converted to tons and boxes per acre of all marketable extra large, large, and medium sized fruit. Small fruit were considered unmarketable this year. TOTAL Yield = Marketable Yield plus small sized and cull fruit. Percent Red = % reds by weight of TOTAL yield including culls to indicate maturity relative to all tested varieties. FRUIT SIZES: XL = 2 7/8 to 3 15/16 inches diameter L = 2 17/32 to 2 7/8 " M = 2 9/32 to 2 17/32 " S = 2 1/8 to 2 9/32 "

34 Disease Control Trials

35 CAUTION This publication is a research progress report of fresh market tomato cultivar evaluation trials and pest management studies conducted in San Joaquin County during This report presents results of fresh market tomato disease management trials conducted with local grower cooperators. They should not, in any way, be interpreted as a recommendation of the University of California. Chemical or common names of pesticides are used in this report instead of the more common trade names of these products. No endorsement of products mentioned or criticism of similar products is intended. The rates of pesticides in this report are always expressed as active ingredients (a.i.) of the material per treated acre, unless otherwise indicated. Trade Name Common or Chemical Name Manufacturer Cabrio (20WDG) pyraclostrobin BASF Corporation Pristine (38WDG) pyraclostrobin + nicobifen BASF Corporation Previcur (6L) propamacarb hydroxide Aventis Crop Science Bravo Weather Stik (SC) chlorothalonil Syngenta (Zeneca Ag Products) Reason (4.17E) fenamidone Aventis Crop Science KQ 667 (68.7WG) famoxadone + mancozeb DuPont Ag Products Quintec (250SC) quinoxyfen Dow Agro Sciences Tanos (50WG) famoxadone + cymoxanil DuPont Ag Products Manzate 200 (75DF) mancozeb DuPont Ag Products Quadris (2.08SC) azoxystrobin Syngenta (Zeneca Ag Products) Gavel (75DF) zoxamide + mancozeb Dow Agro Sciences Rally (40WP) myclobutanil Dow Agro Sciences Folicur (3.6F) tebuconazole Bayer Ag Chemicals Serinade (10WP) Bacillus subtilus strain QST713 Agra Quest Rubigan (1EC) fenarimol Dow Agro Sciences GWN 4350 (1AS) GWN 4350 Gowan Chemical Co.