Review and Update of Agricultural and Fishery Commodities in the Harmonized System FAO. ESA/STAT/AC.190/18 30 August 2009

Transcription

1 ESA/STAT/AC.190/18 30 August 2009 UNITED NATIONS DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS STATISTICS DIVISION Meeting of the Expert Group on International Economic and Social Classifications New York, 1-4 September 2009 Review and Update of Agricultural and Fishery Commodities in the Harmonized System FAO

2 Review and Update of Agricultural and Fishery Commodities in the Harmonized System Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) 30 August 2009 This short report is to inform the United Nations Expert Group on International Economic and Social Classifications that substantial amendments have been made to agricultural and fishery commodities in the Harmonized System (HS) which will be reflected in the new revision of HS, i.e. HS2012; and have a significant impact on the future correspondences between CPC and HS in these commodities in the respectively new versions of CPC and HS. As a building block for several other international classifications, including the Central Product Classification (CPC) and Standard International Trade Classification (SITC), HS plays an important role in the international classification systems. Through linkages of statistical systems and frameworks, such as the Supply Utilization Accounts and Food Balance Sheets, in which supply and use, and thus production, trade, and consumption of foodstuffs are connected each other and integrated together, as a fundamental classification for data collection, HS is not only critical in trade but also useful in production and consumption of agricultural products. For the purpose of better reflecting the reality and meeting the needs for statistics of agriculture, fisheries, forestry, and food, the latest version of CPC (i.e. CPC v.2.0) has taken a bold step to split the HS codes when needed in order to obtain meaningful CPC subclasses due to a lack of appropriate details in the current version of HS (i.e. HS2007). To improve and rectify this situation, in the last two years, FAO has closely collaborated with the World Customs Organization (WCO), the HS Review Sub- Committee, and the HS Committee; and actively participated in the review and update process and cycle for HS. The latest results are that total 320 items of amendments proposed by the FAO Proposal for HS have been adopted and will be incorporated in HS2012. The adoption of these amendments will help make the next version of HS much suitable and useful for agricultural and fisheries statistics; and, at the same time, establish a solid correspondence and harmonization between the two important international standard classifications, i.e. CPC and HS. The commodities for which separate provisions proposed have been carefully selected in terms of their value of trade and importance for monitoring food security in the world. Many of these items have been collected, compiled, and disseminated by FAO from reports of countries in more than 45 years in support of policy analysis and making. The proposed and accepted items in HS2012 can be grouped into the following categories: The report is prepared by Xiaoning Gong. Thanks are due to Valentina Ramaschiello for her able and diligent research assistance. The remaining errors are those of the author. Please address comments and suggestions to Xiaoning.Gong@FAO.ORG. 1 of 26

3 The first are commodities with international trade value exceeding the HS threshold of 50 millions of USD. One of the reasons for many of the items proposed to be singly listed yet not in the current version of HS is because the HS provisions in this area have not been reviewed for many years and thus not to take into account of the recent developments. The volume of trade in many of the proposed agricultural and fisheries products has increased remarkably over the past several years. Many of them have already been identified separately in many national versions of HS. The second are commodities with a high volume of domestic production but low cross board trade. These are the agricultural and fishery commodities that are deemed important as measured in terms of domestic production for food security although they may not always be trade internationally in large amounts. When that is the case, they are typically combined in the HS with other similar commodities or further processed forms of these products. The third are seeds for planting. Seeds are supposed to be the most important input for agriculture production. In modern agriculture systems, crops specifically used for producing seeds are produced under strict quality assurance systems in the field and later in terms of harvesting, storage, processing, conditioning, packaging, and labelling. Considerable research, breeding, selection and later sampling and testing are done to ensure the seed produced will be high in both quality and yield. Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Regimes protect seed varieties and create the environment under which the seed industry has developed to have a multi-billions dollar yearly turnover. Seeds for planting are thus a value added agriculture product and more appropriate to be distinguished from seeds for consumption. The fourth are those needed for the analysis of Food security. The related data of these commodities will help improve understanding of food production, cropping mechanism, and nutritional situation in a particular area; calculation of right conversion factors to reconvert trade quantities from product weight into live weight equivalent, thus enhancing reconciliation of trade, production, and consumption data; permitting a better assessment of the average per capita supply and the degree of self-sufficiency; providing basis for estimating the extent to which nutritional supplies derived from fisheries products are contributing to adequate nutritional requirements. The fifth are to change description or to add new species and product form, and regroup items in a better and more rational category. The sixth are those with potential future economic importance. For example, species are experiencing a strong increase in their aquaculture production for export markets. The first version of FAO Proposal for HS was submitted and presented at the 35th Session of the HS Review Sub-Committee held in Brussels in May Since then, FAO has participated and followed up with the subsequent sessions of the HS Review Sub-Committee (36 th, 37 th, and 38 th ) and the HS Committee (43 rd ). The FAO Proposal 2 of 26

4 was discussed and reviewed in each and every of these sessions continuously until it was finally adopted at the 43 rd Session of the HS Committee. In retrospect, the timing for the FAO Proposal for HS was excellent. It provided a rare and great window opportunity for improving HS in the areas of food, agricultural, fisheries, and forestry products. Having completed the most significant issue of technology in the last review cycle, the HS Review Sub-Committee welcomed the FAO Proposal and was interested to know that HS played an important role for food security. In general, the HS Review Sub-Committee recognized that the FAO Proposal was in the interest of many countries and thus needed to be studied further within the current review cycle. On average, 40 to 60 member countries would attend the HS Review Sub-Committee and the HS Committee. The FAO Proposal was reviewed thoroughly either by themselves or through consultation with other agencies back in their home countries. In all the sessions of the HS Review Sub-Committee/Committee mentioned above, there were lengthy discussions on the FAO proposed amendments far beyond the originally allotted time slots, giving all HS Contracting Parties an opportunity to present their concerns to be resolved by the HS Review Sub-Committee/Committee. Other international organizations, such as WTO, have also been consulted by the WCO Secretariat. During the intersession, the WCO Secretariat would work together with FAO to prepare for a revised working document for the next session of the HS Review Sub-Committee/Committee. At the 43 rd HS Committee, the Committee decided, by voting, to submit the adopted draft Recommendation to the Council in June 2009 for adoption and subsequent implementation under the provisions of Article 16 of the Harmonized System Convention. On this basis, the recommended amendments in respect of which no objections were raised within the stipulated period will enter into force for all Contracting Parties on 1 January As follow-up actions, FAO is requested by WCO and its member Customs Administrations for its continuous cooperation to provide further technical expertise for the subsequent preparation of HS explanatory notes and identification criteria. New items of agricultural and fishery commodities in HS2012: The adopted FAO Proposal for HS contains about 305 items of agricultural and fishery commodities, in which items accepted by HS2012 are associated with CPC split links with HS thus will improve the linkages between CPC and HS in their respectively new versions. The rest will make HS more detailed but not affect the current links between CPC and HS and will result in one-to-n links between CPC and HS items are moved to new places to improve their groupings and structures. 15 items have their titles modified. 3 of 26

5 Items not yet accepted by HS2012 due to the difficulty of identifying and distinguishing for the purposes of Customs clearance. For example, to make a distinction: - on the origin of milk, cheeses; - on origin of animal fats; - between different kinds of meals; - between products from capture fisheries and those from aquaculture; - between the two categories of fish in freshwater and saltwater; and - on fillets or fish meat of different species of fish. Table 1: Percentage of FAO Proposal Accepted and Number of s between CPC and HS Affected HS Chapters % of FAO Proposal Accepted # of s b/w CPC and HS Improved 1 100% % % % % % % % % % % 16 Average / Total 74% 130 These commodities however are not difficult to be identified during the process of production. Given their importance in production, they are suggested to be continuously distinguished and singly listed in CPC. Table 2: New Items of Agricultural and Fishery commodities in HS2012 [Next Page] 4 of 26

6 1 01 Live animals 01 Live animals Live horses, asses, mules and hinnies Live horses, asses, mules and hinnies Pure-bred breeding animals Horses Horses and other equines Pure-bred breeding animals Horses and other equines Other Horses and other equines Asses Horses and other equines Other Other Live bovine animals Live bovine animals Pure-bred breeding animals Cattle Cattle *, Pure-bred breeding animals Cattle *, Other Cattle *, Buffalos Buffalo *, Pure-bred breeding animals Buffalo *, Other Buffalo *, Live poultry, that is to say, fowls of the species Gallus domesticus, ducks, geese, turkeys and guinea fowls Live poultry, that is to say, fowls of the species Gallus domesticus, ducks, geese, turkeys and guinea fowls Weighing not more than 185 g : Weighing not more than 185 g : Fowls of the species Gallus domesticus Fowls of the species Gallus domesticus Turkeys Turkeys Ducks Ducks *,.99* Geese Geese *,.99* Guinea fowls Guinea fowls *,.99* Whales, dolphins and porpoises (mammals of the order Cetacea); manatees and dugongs (mammals of the order Sirenia) Whales, dolphins and porpoises (mammals of the order Cetacea); manatees and dugongs (mammals of the order Sirenia); seals, sea lions and walruses (mammals of the suborder Pinnipedia) Other mammals ,.12,.19* Camelids (Camelidae) Camels and camelids * Rabbits and hares Rabbits and hares * Ostriches and emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae) Ostriches and emus * Other Other Insects Other live animals, n.e.c Bees Bees Other Other live animals, n.e.c Of ducks, geese or guinea fowls : Replaced Not cut in pieces, fresh or chilled Replaced Not cut in pieces, frozen Replaced Fatty livers, fresh or chilled Replaced Other, fresh or chilled Replaced Other, frozen Replaced Of ducks: Not cut in pieces, fresh or chilled Meat of ducks, fresh or chilled *,.35* Not cut in pieces, frozen Meat of ducks, frozen *,.36* Fatty livers, fresh or chilled Meat of ducks, fresh or chilled *,.35* Other, fresh or chilled Meat of ducks, fresh or chilled *,.35* Other, frozen Meat of ducks, frozen *,.36* 5 of 26

7 Of geese Not cut in pieces, fresh or chilled Meat of geese, fresh or chilled *,.35* Not cut in pieces, frozen Meat of geese, frozen *,.36* Fatty livers, fresh or chilled Meat of geese, fresh or chilled *,.35* Other, fresh or chilled Meat of geese, fresh or chilled *,.35* Other, frozen Meat of geese, frozen *,.36* Of guinea fowls Meat of guinea fowl, fresh or chilled *,.35* Meat of guinea fowl, frozen *,.36* Other meat and edible meat offal, fresh, chilled or frozen Other meat and edible meat offal, fresh, chilled or frozen Of rabbits or hares Of rabbits or hares Of primates Of primates Of whales, dolphins and porpoises (mammals of the order Cetacea); of manatees and dugongs (mammals of the order Sirenia) Of whales, dolphins and porpoises (mammals of the order Cetacea); of manatees and dugongs (mammals of the order Sirenia); of seals, sea lions and walruses (mammals of the suborder Pinnipedia) Other meat of mammals, fresh or chilled *, Other meat of mammals, frozen *, Of reptiles (including snakes and turtles) Of reptiles (including snakes and turtles) Of camelids (Camelidae) Meat of camels and camelids, fresh or chilled Meat of camels and camelids, frozen Other Other Pig fat, free of lean meat, and poultry fat, not rendered or otherwise extracted, fresh, chilled, frozen, salted, in brine, dried or smoked Pig fat, free of lean meat, and poultry fat, not rendered or otherwise extracted, fresh, chilled, frozen, salted, in brine, dried or smoked Pig fat, free of lean meat, and poultry fat, not rendered or otherwise extracted, fresh, chilled, frozen, salted, in brine, dried or smoked Pig fat, free of lean meat, and poultry fat, not rendered or otherwise extracted, fresh, chilled, frozen, salted, in brine, dried or smoked Of pigs Fats, of pig and poultry, unrendered Other Fats, of pig and poultry, unrendered Of whales, dolphins and porpoises (mammals of the order Cetacea); of manatees and dugongs (mammals of the order Sirenia) Of whales, dolphins and porpoises (mammals of the order Cetacea); of manatees and dugongs (mammals of the order Sirenia); of seals, sea lions and walruses (mammals of the suborder Pinnipedia) Other meat and edible meat offal, salted, in brine, dried or smoked; edible flours and.99 meals of meat or meat offal Freshwater fish Ornamental fish Other Ornamental fish Carp Carp (Cyprinus carpio, Carassius carassius, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, Hypophthalmichthys spp., Cirrhinus spp., Mylopharyngodon piceus) Other live fish Bluefin tunas (Thunnus thynnus) Atlantic and Pacific bluefin tunas (Thunnus thynnus, Thunnus orientalis) Other live fish Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka, Oncorhynchus gorbuscha, Oncorhynchus keta, Oncorhynchus tschawytscha, Oncorhynchus kisutch, Oncorhynchus masou and Oncorhynchus rhodurus) from capture fisheries 6 of 26

8 Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and Danube salmon (Hucho hucho) Other Other 71 - Flat fish (Pleuronectidae, Bothidae, Cynoglossidae, Soleidae, Scophthalmidae and Citharidae), excluding livers and roes: Flat fish (Pleuronectidae, Bothidae, Cynoglossidae, Soleidae, Scophthalmidae and Citharidae), excluding livers and roes: Halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides, Hippoglossus hippoglossus, Hippoglossus stenolepis) Halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides, Hippoglossus hippoglossus, Hippoglossus stenolepis) Plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) Plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) Sole (Solea spp.) Sole (Solea spp.) Turbots (Psetta maxima, Scophthalmidae) Other Other 77 - Tunas (of the genus Thunnus), skipjack or stripe-bellied bonito (Euthynnus (Katsuwonus) pelamis), excluding livers and roes: Albacore or longfinned tunas (Thunnus alalunga) Tunas (of the genus Thunnus), skipjack or stripe-bellied bonito (Euthynnus (Katsuwonus) pelamis), excluding livers and roes: Albacore or longfinned tunas (Thunnus alalunga) Yellowfin tunas (Thunnus albacares) Yellowfin tunas (Thunnus albacares) Skipjack or stripe-bellied bonito Skipjack or stripe-bellied bonito Bigeye tunas (Thunnus obesus) Bigeye tunas (Thunnus obesus) Bluefin tunas (Thunnus thynnus) Atlantic and Pacific bluefin tunas (Thunnus thynnus, Thunnus orientalis) Southern bluefin tunas (Thunnus maccoyii) Southern Bluefin tunas (Thunnus maccoyii) Other Other Herrings (Clupea harengus, Clupea pallasii), excluding livers and roes Herrings (Clupea harengus, Clupea pallasii), anchovies (Engraulis spp.), sardines (Sardina pilchardus, Sardinops spp.), sardinella (Sardinella spp.), brisling or sprats (Sprattus spr Herrings (Clupea harengus, Clupea pallasii) Anchovies (Engraulis spp.) Sardines (Sardina pilchardus, Sardinops spp.), sardinella (Sardinella spp.), brisling or sprats (Sprattus sprattus) Mackerel (Scomber scombrus, Scomber australasicus, Scomber japonicus) Jack and horse mackerel (Trachurus spp.) Cobia (Rachycentron canadum) Swordfish (Xiphias gladius) Other Cod (Gadus morhua, Gadus ogac, Gadus macrocephalus), excluding livers and roes Replaced 7 of 26

9 Fish of the families Bregmacerotidae, Euclichthyidae, Gadidae, Macrouridae, Melanonidae, Merlucciidae, Moridae and Muraenolepididae, excluding livers and roes Cod (Gadus morhua, Gadus ogac, Gadus macrocephalus) Haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Coalfish (Pollachius virens) Hake (Merluccius spp., Urophycis spp.) Alaska Pollack (Theraga chalcogramma) Blue whitings (Micromesistius poutassou, Micromesistius australis) Other Other fish, excluding livers and roes : Moved Sardines (Sardina pilchardus, Sardinops spp.), sardinella (Sardinella spp.), brisling or sprats (Sprattus sprattus) Moved Haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Moved Coalfish (Pollachius virens) Moved Mackerel (Scomber scombrus, Scomber australasicus, Scomber japonicus) Moved Dogfish and other sharks Moved Eels (Anguilla spp.) Moved Swordfish (Xiphias gladius) Moved Toothfish (Dissostichus spp.) Moved Other Moved Livers and roes Moved Tilapias (Oreochromis spp.), catfish (Pangasius spp., Silurus spp., Clarias spp., Ictalurus spp.), carp (Cyprinus carpio, Carassius carassius, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, Hypophthalmichthys spp., Cirrhinus spp., Tilapias (spp.) Catfish (Pangasius spp., Silurus spp., Clarias spp., Ictalurus spp.) Carps (Cyprinus carpio, Carassius carassius, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, Hypophthalmichthys spp., Cirrhinus spp., Mylopharyngodon piceus) Eels (Anguilla spp.) Other Other fish, excluding livers and roes : Dogfish and other sharks Rays and skates (Rajidae) 8 of 26

10 Toothfish (Dissostichus spp.) Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax, Dicentrarchus punctatus) Seabream (Sparidae) Other Livers and roes Fish livers and roes, fresh or chilled Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka, Oncorhynchus gorbuscha, Oncorhynchus keta, Oncorhynchus tschawytscha, Oncorhynchus kisutch, Oncorhynchus masou and Oncorhynchus rhodurus), excluding livers and roes : 0303 Fish, frozen, excluding fish fillets and other fish meat of heading Salmonidae, excluding livers and roes Sockeye salmon (red salmon) (Oncorhynchus nerka) Sockeye salmon (red salmon) (Oncorhynchus nerka) Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha, Oncorhynchus keta, Oncorhynchus tschawytscha, Oncorhynchus kisutch, Oncorhynchus masou and Oncorhynchus rhodurus), excluding Sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) from capture fisheries Other Pacific salmon (Oncorh Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha, Oncorhynchus keta, Oncorhynchus tschawytscha, Oncorhynchus kisutch, Oncorhynchus masou and Oncorhynchus rhodurus), excluding Sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) from aquaculture Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and Danube salmon (Hucho hucho) Trout (Salmo trutta, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Oncorhynchus clarki, Oncorhynchus aguabonita, Oncorhynchus gilae, Oncorhynchus apache and Oncorhynchus chrysogaster) Other Other Other salmonidae, excluding livers and roes : Tilapias (Oreochromis spp.), catfish (Pangasius spp., Silurus spp., Clarias spp., Ictalurus spp.), carp (Cyprinus carpio, Carassius carassius, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, Hypophthalmichthys spp., Cirrhinus spp., Mylopharyngodon piceus), eels (Anguilla spp.), Nile perch (Lates niloticus) and snakeheads (Channa spp.), excluding livers and roes 9 of 26

11 Trout (Salmo trutta, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Oncorhynchus clarki, Oncorhynchus aguabonita, Oncorhynchus gilae, Oncorhynchus apache and Oncorhynchus chrysogaster) Moved Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and Danube salmon (Hucho hucho) Moved Tilapias (Oreochromis spp.) Catfish (Pangasius spp., Silurus spp., Clarias spp., Ictalurus spp.) Carps (Cyprinus carpio, Carassius carassius, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, Hypophthalmichthys spp., Ctenopharyngodon idellus, Cirrhinus spp., Mylopharyngodon piceus) Eels (Anguilla spp.) Other Flat fish (Pleuronectidae, Bothidae, Flat fish (Pleuronectidae, Bothidae, Cynoglossidae, Soleidae, Scophthalmidae Cynoglossidae, Soleidae, Scophthalmidae and Citharidae), excluding livers and roes : and Citharidae), excluding livers and roes: Halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides, Hippoglossus hippoglossus, Hippoglossus stenolepis) Halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides, Hippoglossus hippoglossus, Hippoglossus stenolepis) Plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) Plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) Sole (Solea spp.) Sole (Solea spp.) Turbots (Psetta maxima, Scophthalmidae) Other Other Tunas (of the genus Thunnus), skipjack or stripe-bellied bonito (Euthynnus (Katsuwonus) pelamis), excluding livers and roes: Albacore or longfinned tunas (Thunnus alalunga) Tunas (of the genus Thunnus), skipjack or stripe-bellied bonito (Euthynnus (Katsuwonus) pelamis), excluding livers and roes: Albacore or longfinned tunas (Thunnus alalunga) Yellowfin tunas (Thunnus albacares) Yellowfin tunas (Thunnus albacares) Skipjack or strip-bellied bonito Skipjack or stripe-bellied bonito Bigeye tunas (Thunnus obesus) Bigeye tunas (Thunnus obesus) Bluefin tunas (Thunnus thynnus) Atlantic and Pacific bluefin tunas (Thunnus thynnus, Thunnus orientalis) Southern bluefin tunas (Thunnus maccoyii) Southern bluefin tunas (Thunnus maccoyii) Other Other Herrings (Clupea harengus, Clupea pallasii) and cod (Gadus morhua, Gadus ogac, Gadus macrocephalus), excluding livers and roes : Herrings (Clupea harengus, Clupea pallasii), sardines (Sardina pilchardus, Sardinops spp.), sardinella (Sardinella spp.), brisling or sprats (Sprattus sprattus), mackerel (Scomber scombrus, Scomber australasicus, Scomber japonicus), jack and horse mack Herrings (Clupea harengus, Clupea pallasii) Herrings (Clupea harengus, Clupea pallasii) Sardines (Sardina pilchardus, Sardinops spp.), sardinella (Sardinella spp.), brisling or sprats (Sprattus sprattus) 10 of 26

12 Mackerel (Scomber scombrus, Scomber australasicus, Scomber japonicus) Jack and horse mackerel (Trachurus spp.) Cobia (Rachycentron canadum) Swordfish (Xiphias gladius) Swordfish (Xiphias gladius) and toothfish (Dissostichus spp.), excluding livers and roes : Fish of the families Bregmacerotidae, Euclichthyidae, Gadidae, Macrouridae, Melanonidae, Merlucciidae, Moridae and Muraenolepididae, excluding livers and roes Swordfish (Xiphias gladius) Moved Toothfish (Dissostichus spp.) Moved Cod (Gadus morhua, Gadus ogac, Gadus macrocephalus) Haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Coalfish (Pollachius virens) Hake (Merluccius spp., Urophycis spp.) Alaska Pollack (Theraga chalcogramma) Blue whitings (Micromesistius poutassou, Micromesistius australis) Other Other fish, excluding livers and roes : Moved Sardines (Sardina pilchardus, Sardinops spp.), sardinella (Sardinella spp.), brisling or sprats (Sprattus sprattus) Moved Haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Moved Coalfish (Pollachius virens) Moved Mackerel (Scomber scombrus, Scomber australasicus, Scomber japonicus) Moved Dogfish and other sharks Moved Eels (Anguilla spp.) Moved Sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax, Dicentrarchus punctatus) Moved Hake (Merluccius spp., Urophycis spp.) Moved Other Moved Livers and roes Moved Other fish, excluding livers and roes : Dogfish and other sharks Rays and skates (Rajidae) Toothfish (Dissostichus spp.) Seabass (Dicentrarchus punctatus) Other Livers and roes Fish livers and roes, frozen of 26

13 Fish fillets and other fish meat (whether or not minced), fresh, chilled or frozen Fish fillets and other fish meat (whether or not minced), fresh, chilled or frozen Fresh or chilled Moved Swordfish (Xiphias gladius) Moved Toothfish (Dissostichus spp.) Moved Other Moved Frozen fillets : Moved Swordfish (Xiphias gladius) Moved Toothfish (Dissostichus spp.) Moved Other Moved Fresh or chilled fillets of tilapias (Oreochromis spp.), catfish (Pangasius spp., Silurus spp., Clarias spp., Ictalurus spp.), carp (Cyprinus carpio, Carassius carassius, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, Hypophthalmichthys spp., Cirrhinus spp., Mylopharyngodon piceus), eels (Anguilla spp.), Nile perch (Lates niloticus) and snakeheads (Channa spp.) : Tilapias (Oreochromis spp.) Catfish (Pangasius spp., Silurus spp., Clarias spp., Ictalurus spp.) Nile Perch (Lates Niloticus) Others Fresh or chilled fillets of other fish : Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka, Oncorhynchus gorbuscha, Oncorhynchus keta, Oncorhynchus tschawytscha, Oncorhynchus kisutch, Oncorhynchus masou and Oncorhynchus rhodurus), Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and Danube salmon (Hucho hucho) Trout (Salmo trutta, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Oncorhynchus clarki, Oncorhynchus aguabonita, Oncorhynchus gilae, Oncorhynchus apache and Oncorhynchus chrysogaster) Flatfish (Pleuronectidae, Bothidae, Cynoglossidae, Soleidae, Scophthalmidae and Citharidae) Fish of the families Bregmacerotidae, Euclichthyidae, Gadidae, Macrouridae, Melanonidae, Merlucciidae, Moridae and Muraenolepididae Swordfish (Xiphias gladius) Toothfish (Dissostichus spp.) Other Other, fresh or chilled : 12 of 26

14 Tilapias (Oreochromis spp.), catfish (Pangasius spp., Silurus spp., Clarias spp., Ictalurus spp.), carp (Cyprinus carpio, Carassius carassius, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, Hypophthalmichthys spp., Cirrhinus spp., Mylopharyngodon piceus), eels (Anguilla sp Salmonoidae Fish of the families Bregmacerotidae, Euclichthyidae, Gadidae, Macrouridae, Melanonidae, Merlucciidae, Moridae and Muraenolepididae Swordfish (Xiphias gladius) Toothfish (Dissostichus spp.) Others Frozen fillets of tilapias (Oreochromis spp.), catfish (Pangasius spp., Silurus spp., Clarias spp., Ictalurus spp.), carp (Cyprinus carpio, Carassius carassius, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, Hypophthalmichthys spp., Cirrhinus spp., Mylopharyngodon piceus), Tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) Catfish (Pangasius spp., Silurus spp., Clarias spp., Ictalurus spp.) Nile Perch (Lates Niloticus) Others Frozen fillets of fish of the families Bregmacerotidae, Euclichthyidae, Gadidae, Macrouridae, Melanonidae, Merlucciidae, Moridae and Muraenolepididae Cod (Gadus morhua, Gadus ogac, Gadus macrocephalus) Haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) Coalfish (Pollachius virens) Hake (Merluccius spp., Urophycis spp.) Alaska Pollack (Theraga chalcogramma) Others Frozen fillets of other fish: 13 of 26

15 Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka, Oncorhynchus gorbuscha, Oncorhynchus keta, Oncorhynchus tschawytscha, Oncorhynchus kisutch, Oncorhynchus masou and Oncorhynchus rhodurus), Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and Danube salmon (Hucho hucho) Trout (Salmo trutta, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Oncorhynchus clarki, Oncorhynchus aguabonita, Oncorhynchus gilae, Oncorhynchus apache and Oncorhynchus chrysogaster) Flatfish (Pleuronectidae, Bothidae, Cynoglossidae, Soleidae, Scophthalmidae and Citharidae) Swordfish (Xiphias gladius) Toothfish (Dissostichus spp.) Herrings (Clupea harengus, Clupea pallasii) Tunas (of the genus Thunnus), skipjack or stripe-bellied bonito (Euthynnus (Katsuwonus) pelamis) Other Other : Other, frozen Swordfish (Xiphias gladius) Swordfish (Xiphias gladius) Toothfish (Dissostichus spp.) Toothfish (Dissostichus spp.) Tilapias (Oreochromis spp.), catfish (Pangasius spp., Silurus spp., Clarias spp., Ictalurus spp.), carp (Cyprinus carpio, Carassius carassius, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, Hypophthalmichthys spp., Cirrhinus spp., Mylopharyngodon piceus), eels (Anguilla sp Alaska Pollack (Theraga chalcogramma) Fish of the families Bregmacerotidae, Euclichthyidae, Gadidae, Macrouridae, Melanonidae, Merlucciidae, Moridae and Muraenolepididae, other than Alaska Pollack (Theraga chalcogramma) Other Other Fish, dried, salted or in brine; smoked fish, whether or not cooked before or during the smoking process; flours, meals and pellets of fish, fit for human consumption Fish and edible fish offal, dried, salted or in brine; smoked fish and edible fish offal, whether or not cooked before or during the smoking process; flours, meals and pellets of fish or fish offal, fit for human consumption Flours, meals and pellets of fish, fit for human consumption Livers and roes of fish, dried, smoked, salted or in brine Fish fillets, dried, salted or in brine, but not smoked Flours, meals and pellets of fish, fit for human consumption Livers and roes of fish, dried, smoked, salted or in brine Fish fillets, dried, salted or in brine, but not Fish fillets, dried, salted or in brine, but not smoked smoked 14 of 26

16 Tilapias (Oreochromis spp.), catfish Fish fillets, dried, salted or in brine, but not (Pangasius spp., Silurus spp., Clarias spp., Ictalurus spp.), carp (Cyprinus carpio, Carassius carassius, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, Hypophthalmichthys spp., Cirrhinus spp., Mylopharyngodon piceus), eels (Anguilla sp smoked Fish of the families Bregmacerotidae, Euclichthyidae, Gadidae, Macrouridae, Melanonidae, Merlucciidae, Moridae and Muraenolepididae Fish fillets, dried, salted or in brine, but not smoked Others Fish fillets, dried, salted or in brine, but not smoked Smoked fish, including fillets : Smoked fish, including fillets, other than edible fish offal: Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka, Oncorhynchus gorbuscha, Oncorhynchus keta, Oncorhynchus tschawytscha, Oncorhynchus kisutch, Oncorhynchus masou and Oncorhynchus rhodurus), Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and Danube salmon (Hucho hucho) Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka, Oncorhynchus gorbuscha, Oncorhynchus keta, Oncorhynchus tschawytscha, Oncorhynchus kisutch, Oncorhynchus masou and Oncorhynchus rhodurus), Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and Danube salmon (Hucho hucho) Fish including fillets, smoked Herrings (Clupea harengus, Clupea pallasii) Herrings (Clupea harengus, Clupea pallasii) Trout (Salmo trutta, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Oncorhynchus clarki, Oncorhynchus aguabonita, Oncorhynchus gilae, Oncorhynchus apache and Oncorhynchus chrysogaster) Fish including fillets, smoked Tilapias (Oreochromis spp.), catfish (Pangasius spp., Silurus spp., Clarias spp., Ictalurus spp.), carp (Cyprinus carpio, Carassius carassius, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, Hypophthalmichthys spp., Cirrhinus spp., Mylopharyngodon piceus), eels (Anguilla sp Fish including fillets, smoked Other Other 263 Dried fish, whether or not salted but not smoked Dried fish, other than edible fish offal, whether or not salted but not smoked : Fish, dried, but not smoked; salted, but not dried or smoked; or in brine Cod (Gadus morhua, Gadus ogac, Gadus macrocephalus) Cod (Gadus morhua, Gadus ogac, Gadus macrocephalus) Other Other 266 Fish, salted but not dried or smoked and fish in brine Fish, salted but not dried or smoked and fish in brine, other than edible fish offal : Fish, dried, but not smoked; salted, but not dried or smoked; or in brine Herrings (Clupea harengus, Clupea pallasii) Cod (Gadus morhua, Gadus ogac, Gadus macrocephalus) Herrings (Clupea harengus, Clupea pallasii) Cod (Gadus morhua, Gadus ogac, Gadus macrocephalus) Anchovies (Engraulis spp.) Anchovies (Engraulis spp.) 15 of 26

17 Tilapias (Oreochromis spp.), catfish Fish, dried, but not smoked; salted, but not (Pangasius spp., Silurus spp., Clarias spp., Ictalurus spp.), carp (Cyprinus carpio, Carassius carassius, Ctenopharyngodon idellus, Hypophthalmichthys spp., Cirrhinus spp., Mylopharyngodon piceus), eels (Anguilla sp dried or smoked; or in brine Other Other Fish fins, heads, tails, maws and other edible fish offal: Fish, dried, but not smoked; salted, but not dried or smoked; or in brine Shark fins Fish, dried, but not smoked; salted, but not dried or smoked; or in brine Fish heads, tails and maws Fish, dried, but not smoked; salted, but not dried or smoked; or in brine Other Fish, dried, but not smoked; salted, but not dried or smoked; or in brine Crustaceans, whether in shell or not, live, fresh, chilled, frozen, dried, salted or in brine; crustaceans, in shell, cooked by steaming or by boiling in water, whether or not chilled, frozen, dried, salted or in brine; flours, meals and pellets of crustaceans, fit for human consumption Crustaceans, whether in shell or not, live, fresh, chilled, frozen, dried, salted or in brine; smoked crustaceans, whether in shell or not, whether or not cooked before or during the smoking process; crustaceans, in shell, cooked by steaming or by boiling in water, whether or not chilled, frozen, dried, salted or in brine; flours, meals and pellets of crustaceans, fit for human consumption Frozen Frozen : Rock lobster and other sea crawfish Rock lobster and other sea crawfish (Palinurus spp., Panulirus spp., Jasus spp.) (Palinurus spp., Panulirus spp., Jasus spp.) Lobsters (Homarus spp.) Lobsters (Homarus spp.) Shrimps and prawns Moved Crabs Crabs Norway lobsters (Nephrops norvegicus) Crustaceans, frozen Cold-water shrimps and prawns (Pandalus spp., Crangon crangon) Crustaceans, frozen Other shrimps and prawns Crustaceans, frozen Other, including flours, meals and pellets of crustaceans, fit for human consumption Other, including flours, meals and pellets of crustaceans, fit for human consumption Not frozen Not frozen: Rock lobster and other sea crawfish Rock lobster and other sea crawfish (Palinurus spp., Panulirus spp., Jasus spp.) (Palinurus spp., Panulirus spp., Jasus spp.) Lobsters (Homarus spp.) Lobsters (Homarus spp.) Shrimps and prawns Moved Crabs Crabs Norway lobsters (Nephrops norvegicus) Crustaceans, not frozen Cold-water shrimps and prawns (Pandalus spp., Crangon crangon) Crustaceans, not frozen Other shrimps and prawns Crustaceans, not frozen Other, including flours, meals and pellets of crustaceans, fit for human consumption Other, including flours, meals and pellets of crustaceans, fit for human consumption 16 of 26

18 Molluscs, whether in shell or not, live, fresh, chilled, frozen, dried, salted or in brine; aquatic invertebrates other than crustaceans and molluscs, live, fresh, chilled, frozen, dried, salted or in brine; flours, meals and pellets of aquatic invertebrates other than crustaceans, fit for human consumption Molluscs, whether in shell or not, live, fresh, chilled, frozen, dried, salted or in brine; smoked molluscs, whether in shell or not, whether or not cooked before or during the smoking process; flours, meals and pellets of molluscs, fit for human consumpt Oysters Oysters Oysters Live, fresh or chilled Oysters Other Oysters Scallops, including queen scallops, of the genera Pecten, Chlamys or Placopecten : Scallops, including queen scallops, of the genera Pecten, Chlamys or Placopecten : Live, fresh or chilled Live, fresh or chilled Mussels (Mytilus spp., Perna spp.) : Mussels (Mytilus spp., Perna spp.) : Live, fresh or chilled Live, fresh or chilled 303 Cuttle fish (Sepia officinalis, Rossia macrosoma, Sepiola spp.) and squid (Ommastrephes spp., Loligo spp., Nototodarus spp., Sepioteuthis spp.) : Cuttle fish (Sepia officinalis, Rossia macrosoma, Sepiola spp.) and squid (Ommastrephes spp., Loligo spp., Nototodarus spp., Sepioteuthis spp.) : Live, fresh or chilled Live, fresh or chilled Octopus (Octopus spp.) : Octopus (Octopus spp.) : Live, fresh or chilled Live, fresh or chilled Snails, other than sea snails Snails, other than sea snails Clams, cockles and arkshells (families Arcidae, Arcticidae, Cardiidae, Donacidae, Hiatellidae, Mactridae, Mesodesmatidae, Myidae, Semelidae, Solecurtidae, Solenidae, Tridacnidae and Veneridae) : Live, fresh or chilled Other molluscs, live, fresh or chilled ,.31,.41,.51,.91* Other Molluscs, frozen, dried, salted or in brine ,.39,.49,.59,.99* Abalone (Haliotis spp.) : Live, fresh or chilled Other molluscs, live, fresh or chilled ,.31,.41,.51,.91* Other Molluscs, frozen, dried, salted or in brine ,.39,.49,.59,.99* Other, including flours, meals and pellets, fit for human consumption Live, fresh or chilled Live, fresh or chilled Other molluscs, live, fresh or chilled ,.31,.41,.51,.91* Other Other Molluscs, frozen, dried, salted or in brine ,.39,.49,.59,.99* 17 of 26

19 Aquatic invertebrates other than crustaceans and molluscs, live, fresh, chilled, frozen, dried, salted or in brine; smoked aquatic invertebrates other than crustaceans and molluscs, whether or not cooked before or during the smoking process; flours, meals Sea Cucumber (Stichopus japonicus, Holothurioidea) Live, fresh or chilled Other aquatic invertebrates, live, fresh or chilled Other Other aquatic invertebrates, frozen, dried, salted or in brine Other Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus spp., Paracentrotus lividus, Loxechinus albus, Echichinus esculentus) * * Live, fresh or chilled Other aquatic invertebrates, live, fresh or chilled Other Other aquatic invertebrates, frozen, dried, salted or in brine Jellyfish (Rhopilema spp.) Other aquatic invertebrates, live, fresh or chilled Other aquatic invertebrates, frozen, dried, salted or in brine Other Other aquatic invertebrates, live, fresh or chilled Other aquatic invertebrates, frozen, dried, salted or in brine Dairy produce; bird's eggs; natural honey; edible products of animal origin, not elsewhere specified or included 04 Dairy produce; bird's eggs; natural honey; edible products of animal origin, not elsewhere specified or included * * * * * * Milk and cream, not concentrated nor containing added sugar or other sweetening matter Of a fat content, by weight, not exceeding 1 % Of a fat content, by weight, exceeding 1 % but not exceeding 6 % 0401 Milk and cream, not concentrated nor containing added sugar or other sweetening matter Of a fat content, by weight, not exceeding 1 % Of a fat content, by weight, exceeding 1 % but not exceeding 6 % Of a fat content, by weight, exceeding 6 % Of a fat content, by weight, exceeding 6 % but not exceeding 10 % Replaced Cream, fresh * Of a fat content, by weight, exceeding 10 % Birds' eggs, in shell, fresh, preserved or cooked Birds' eggs, in shell, fresh, preserved or cooked Birds' eggs, in shell, fresh, preserved or cooked Birds' eggs, in shell, fresh, preserved or cooked Other raw milk n.e.c *,.30* Fertilized eggs for incubation Eggs for hatching * Of fowls of the species Gallus domesticus Eggs for hatching * Other Eggs for hatching * Other fresh eggs: Of fowls of the species Gallus domesticus Hen eggs in shell, fresh * Other Eggs from other birds in shell, fresh, n.e.c * Other Eggs, in shell, preserved or cooked * Other vegetables, fresh or chilled Other vegetables, fresh or chilled. 18 of 26

20 Asparagus Asparagus Aubergines (egg-plants) Aubergines (egg-plants) Celery other than celeriac Celery other than celeriac Mushrooms and truffles : Mushrooms and truffles : Mushrooms of the genus Agaricus Mushrooms of the genus Agaricus Other Other Fruits of the genus Capsicum or of the genus Pimenta Fruits of the genus Capsicum or of the genus Pimenta Other Other Globe Artichokes Artichokes Olives Olives Pumpkins, squash and gourds (Cucurbita spp.) Pumpkins, squash and gourds Other Other leafy or stem vegetables Dried leguminous vegetables, shelled, whether or not skinned or split Dried leguminous vegetables, shelled, whether or not skinned or split Peas (Pisum sativum) Peas (Pisum sativum) Chickpeas (garbanzos) Chickpeas (garbanzos) Beans (Vigna spp., Phaseolus spp.) : Beans (Vigna spp., Phaseolus spp.) : Beans of the species Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper or Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek Beans of the species Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper or Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek Small red (Adzuki) beans (Phaseolus or Vigna angularis) Kidney beans, including white pea beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) Small red (Adzuki) beans (Phaseolus or Vigna angularis) Kidney beans, including white pea beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) Bambara beans (Vigna subterranea or Voandzeia subterranea) Beans, dry Cow peas (Vigna unguiculata) Beans, dry Other Other Lentils Lentils Broad beans (Vicia faba var. major) and horse beans (Vicia faba var. equina, Vicia faba var. minor) Broad beans (Vicia faba var. major) and horse beans (Vicia faba var. equina, Vicia faba var. minor) Pigeon peas (Cajanus cajan) Pulses, n.e.c Other Other Manioc, arrowroot, salep, Jerusalem artichokes, sweet potatoes and similar roots and tubers with high starch or inulin content, fresh, chilled, frozen or dried, whether or not sliced or in the form of pellets; sago pith Manioc, arrowroot, salep, Jerusalem artichokes, sweet potatoes and similar roots and tubers with high starch or inulin content, fresh, chilled, frozen or dried, whether or not sliced or in the form of pellets; sago pith Manioc (cassava) Manioc (cassava) Sweet potatoes Sweet potatoes Yams (Dioscorea) Yams Taro (cocoyam) Edible roots and tubers with high starch or inulin content, n.e.c Yautia (cocoyam) Edible roots and tubers with high starch or inulin content, n.e.c Other Other Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons Coconuts, Brazil nuts and cashew nuts, fresh or dried, whether or not shelled or peeled. 08 Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons 0801 Coconuts, Brazil nuts and cashew nuts, fresh or dried, whether or not shelled or peeled Coconuts Coconuts Desiccated Desiccated In the inner shell (endocarp) Coconuts, in shell * Other Other In shell Chestnuts, in shell * 19 of 26

21 Shelled Other shelled nuts ,.19*,.22, ,.40*,.50*,.60*, Pistachios Pistachios In shell Pistachios, in shell * Shelled Other shelled nuts ,.19*,.22, ,.40*,.50*,.60*, Macadamia nuts Macadamia nuts In shell Other nuts (excluding wild edible nuts and groundnuts), in shell *, Shelled Other shelled nuts ,.19*,.22, ,.40*,.50*,.60*, Kola nuts (Cola spp.) Other nuts (excluding wild edible nuts and groundnuts), in shell *, Other shelled nuts ,.19*,.22, ,.40*,.50*,.60*, Areca nuts Other nuts (excluding wild edible nuts and groundnuts), in shell *, Other shelled nuts ,.19*,.22, ,.40*,.50*,.60*, Other Other Bananas, including plantains, fresh or dried Bananas, including plantains, fresh or dried Bananas, including plantains, fresh or dried Bananas, including plantains, fresh or dried Plantains Plantains and others * Other Bananas * Apples, pears and quinces, fresh Apples, pears and quinces, fresh Apples Apples Pears and quinces Replaced Pears Pears and quinces Quinces Pears and quinces Apricots, cherries, peaches (including nectarines), plums and sloes, fresh Apricots, cherries, peaches (including nectarines), plums and sloes, fresh Apricots Apricots Cherries Cherries Sour cherries (Prunus cerasus) Cherries Other Cherries Peaches, including nectarines Peaches, including nectarines Plums and sloes Plums and sloes Other fruit, fresh Other fruit, fresh Strawberries Strawberries Raspberries, blackberries, mulberries and loganberries Raspberries, blackberries, mulberries and loganberries Black, white or red currants and gooseberries Cranberries, bilberries and other fruits of the genus Vaccinium Cranberries, bilberries and other fruits of the genus Vaccinium Currants and gooseberries Kiwifruit Kiwifruit Durians Durians Persimmons Other fruits, n.e.c of 26