Itasca A Winemaker s Grape for Cold Climates Matt Clark, Assistant Professor 7/11/2017

Transcription

1 Itasca A Winemaker s Grape for Cold Climates Matt Clark, Assistant Professor 7/11/2017

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3 Louis Suelter Beta Grape (1881) Established 1907

4 UMN Cold-Hardy Cultivars Bluebell (1944) also Moonbeam, Amber and Bluejay Edelweiss (Swenson) Frontenac (1996) Frontenac gris (2003) Frontenac blanc Itasca (2017) La Crescent (2002) Marquette (2006)

5 Cold-hardy Breeding Targets Low temperature injury Late bud break Temperature swings Low to moderate TA Disease resistance (PM, DM, Phylloxera) Other fruit quality (tasty wine)

6 Marker Assisted Breeding

7 Acknowledgements Dr. James Luby Peter Hemstad

8 Penny Aguirre Katie Cook Anne Hall Dave Hansen BJ Haun Drew Horton Thomas Hutton Nick Smith Jennifer Thull John Thull

9 Itasca (Frontenac gris X MN 1234) Cross made in 2002 Selected in 2009 Harvest 9/18 Very Hardy Disease Resistant Limited Phylloxera High Quality Fruit Chemistry

10 Pedigree of Itasca (MN 1285) V_riparia_MN89 Plantet Seibel8216 Seibel6468 Seibel405 Seibel4199 V_riparia_MN39 Cascade SV Landal Seibel4595 Veeblanc Rayon_D'Or Seibel6905 Seibel5656 MN1095 Villard_blanc Seyval Landot4511 MN1234 Frontenac_Gris MN1285 Aramon_du_Gard

11 Pedigree of Itasca (MN 1285) V_riparia_MN89 Plantet Seibel8216 Seibel6468 Seibel405 Seibel4199 V_riparia_MN39 Cascade SV Landal Seibel4595 Veeblanc Rayon_D'Or Seibel6905 Seibel5656 MN1095 Villard_blanc Seyval Landot4511 MN1234 Frontenac_Gris MN1285 Aramon_du_Gard

12 Itasca the vine Hardiness and the Polar vortex Pruning methods Great disease resistance Typical shoot growth Growth habit is open and manageable Vines can be vigorous Vine spacing: 6ft with 2.5 % OM, 8ft for 3 % OM Fruit exposure

13 Cross sectional cut through an Itasca bud Leaf Scar Well-Developed Leaf and Cluster Initials Thull 2016

14 Primary bud survival - On Jan. 5 th, 2017, Itasca primary buds were 98% alive. - The toughest test was the polar vortex event of % 5/4/2018 Thull

15 Itasca gives many good pruning options 3/30/2016 Thull

16 Pruning: Itasca vine before Pruning Kicker Shoots on the trunk help de-vigorate the growth Thull

17 Same Itasca vine after pruning 3/30/2016 Kicker Shoots Pruned Thull Off 2016 or Back to Short Spurs18

18 Combination of canes and spurs 3/30/2016 Thull

19 Aging cordons and the VSP trellis systems Find ways to limit vigor and reserves. Yearly cane renewal? 3/30/2016 Thull

20 Cane Pruning Considerations Bowed (Arched) vs. Flat Canes 21

21 Achieve balance through pruning 3/30/2016 Thull

22 Emerging shoot tips covered in fine hairs 3/30/2016 Thull

23 Maturing leaves become glossy and lobed 3/30/2016 Thull

24 Spring budding comparison 5/4/16 Itasca Marquette 3/30/2016 Thull

25 Spring Budding Comparison 5/4/17 Itasca Marquette 26

26 Early shoot growth on Itasca canes 3/30/2016 Thull

27 Early shoot growth on Itasca spurs 3/30/2016 Thull

28 12-14 Shoots still reaching upward Nice flower clusters developing 3/30/2016 Thull

29 Shoots will hang down with weight 3/30/2016 Thull

30 Itasca is a very clean vine 3/30/2016 Thull

31 Pest resistance Modest infections of powdery mildew Black rot noted on leaves in 2016 Almost no phylloxera galls No downy mildew observed 3/30/2016 Thull

32 Vigorous yet open growth 3/30/

33 Slight skin breakdown in September /30/2016 Thull

34 Sept. 19 th Itasca Harvest at HRC 35

35 2016 Basal leaf magnesium deficiency 3/30/2016 Thull

36 Fruit is typically healthy, growth is open 3/30/2016 Thull

37 Comparative vine characteristics Cultivar Yield per vine (lb) Harvest window % Bud survival (2014) Itasca /12-9/ Frontenac gris /11-10/ La Crescent /14-10/ Brianna 7.8 8/30-10/6 NA Marquette /6-9/ /30/2016 Thull

38 Itasca the Fruit The fruit ripens around mid September. Some clusters exhibit one or two pronounced rosy berries. Fruit flavors Pear Gooseberries Honeydew melon Starfruit Will entice you to keep snacking while harvesting!

39 Sun-ripened, golden fruit 3/30/2016 Thull

40 Itasca achieves great fruit quality Note the handful of rosy berries 3/30/2016 Thull 2016

41 Cluster shape and compactness 3/30/2016 Thull

42 Winged Cluster of Itasca

43 Itasca will be a grower-friendly vine and a winemaker s grape 3/30/2016 Thull

44 Juice Chemistry Juice Chemistry Brix: ph: TA: g/l g clusters

45 Fruit quality traits of MN cultivars Genotype Brix TA (g/l) ph Itasca* Frontenac Front. Gris La Crescent Marquette

46 Comparative fruit characteristics Cultivar ph SD TTA (g L 1 ) SD Malate (g L 1 ) SD SSC ( Brix) SD Itasca 3.20 a c c a 1.26 Frontenac gris 3.09 ab ab ab a 1.65 La Crescent 3.05 ab a a b 1.46 Brianna 3.16 ab d c c 0.97 Marquette 3.04 b b bc a /30/

47 Tasting notes

48 Tasting notes Pear /quince Violet Minerals Melon Subtle honey notes

49 Comparative wine characteristics Cultivar ph SD TTA SD (g L 1 ) Itasca 3.17 b b 1.56 Frontenac gris 3.28 ab a 1.12 La Crescent 3.32 ab a 0.27 Brianna 3.32 ab b 1.01 Marquette 3.50 a b 0.64

50 The rest of the Bunch! Top Row - Matt Ericksen, Grace Watson, Rajmund Eperjesi Bottom Row Soon Li Teh, Laise Moreira, Lu Yin, Not Pictured Anna Underhill, Drew Horton, Hannah Hanlon 5/4/2018 Thull

51 Availability Double A Vineyards, Inc Northeastern Vine Supply Winterhaven Vineyard and Nursery 3/30/2016 Thull

52 Additional Information enology.umn.edu mnhardy.umn.edu Clark et al HortScience 52(4) Contact us: 3/30/2016 Thull