CHEMOTAXONOMIC RELATIONSHIP AMONG JUJUBE (ZIZIPHUS MAURITIANA LAMK.) CULTIVAHS AND SOME HELA TED SPECIES

Annals of Arid Zone 28 (1&2): 123-132,1989 CHEMOTAXONOMIC RELATIONSHIP AMONG JUJUBE (ZIZIPHUS MAURITIANA LAMK.) CULTIVAHS AND SOME HELA TED SPECIES B.B. VASHISHTHA, O.P. PAREEK1, INDRANI CHANDRASEKHARAN2 AND ABU GHANIM Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur - 342 003 'Bel" or jujube, Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk. (Rhamnaceae) is a highly cross pollinated fruit tree. Its cullivars have developed as a result of selection from the divers~ natural variability. Although culti\ars can be differentiated by morphological characters, th<:se characters cannot always indicate inherent relationships between them. Flavonoids, being the most stable plant constituents as taxonomic markers, were studied in the leaves of a fairly large group of jujube cultivars to establish resemblances and relationships among them.. The studies were conducted on 4-5 year old trees of 59 jujube cultivars and two Ziziphus species i.e. Z. Ilummularia and Z. mauritialla var. rotundifolia (Bhansali, i975) at research farm of Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur (N 26 20' latitude and E 73 5' longitude) in the ThaI' desert of India. Cultivars collected from different parts of India were budded on Z. mauri/iana var. ro/undifolia rootstock. The trees received 2 or 3 protective irrigations every year. Mature leaves, collected after fruit set during December, were wa<;hed and air dried. The dried leaf material (50 g) was ground and refluxed with 180 ml of methanol. Filteration and evaporation of each methanol extract yielded a sticky green residue which was washed into petroleum ether to remove chlorophyll. Stock solution for application on thin layer chromatography plate was prepared by dissolving about 0.1 g of residue in I ml methanol. The two dimensional thin layer chromatographic analysis was carried out on a microcrystalline cellulose (Merck) plate using butanolacetic acid-water (BA W, 4: I : 5) and acetic acid-water (AcOH, 15: 85) as solvents. The dried developed plates were first viewed in UV light (long \\ave length) alone and then in the presence of ammonia fumes and after spraying with a 2% sol ution of aluminium chloride in methanol. Rf values in each solvent system were calculated for each of the numbered spots. Spots with similar colour changes and Rf values in the two solvent systems were regarded as identical. IProjecl Coordinator (Fruits), Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar (Haryana) 2principal Scientist, Department of Environment, c.g.a. Complex, New Delhi

124 : VASHISHTHA et aj. Cultivars showing distinct distribution pattern of major flavonoid spots were recognised as chtmical races. Morphological characters of leaf and fruit were used to support the chemotaxonomic studies. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The results of flavonoid distribution pattern of 59 cultivars of jujube (Z. mauritiana and two other species i.e. Z. Illimmlilaria and Z. mallriliana var. rollindifolia have been presented in Tables 1,2 and 3 respectively. A. Intra-group relationship 1. Cultivars with erect growth habit Cultivars'Seb', 'KhaHi', 'Sua' and 'Ila}achi' showed distinct flavonoid pattern within the group having no spot common with other cultivars (Table I). 'Seb' and 'Khalti' had round fruit shape but differed in other characters. Styler end of fruit in 'Seb' had a typical apple like depression unlike the obliquely beaked end in 'Khatti'. Chemotaxomicallyalso. 'Khatti' was distinct in its flavonoid pattern and was thus entirely different from other cultivars. All the flavonoid spots in 'Khatti' showed similar colour changes in UV, UVjNH 3 and UVjAICI 3. This indicated the pre~ence of a particular class of f1avonoids (Harborne, 1976) in this cultivar. Simil':lfly cv 'Sua', although grouped with 'Tikadi' and 'Sanaur-I' having ovate fruit shape, differed markedly in other morphological characters. Distinct flavonoid pattern in 'Sua' further lends support to the morphological variations. In this group, spot number 2 was common in 'Thornless', 'Sanaur-I' and 'Narikeli', spot number 7 in 'Nimaj' and 'Thornless', spot number 6 in 'Chhuhara' and 'Narma', spot number 8 in 'Tikadi' and 'Thornless', spot number 17 was common in 'Lam', 'Nimaj' and 'Kaithali' and the spot number 27 was common in 'Gobindgarh Selection' and 'Kaithali'. In the 'erect' group, 'Ilayachi' had its independent identity. Its fruit is oblate, very small with distinct ridges on the stem end. Khoshoo and Singh (1963) reported 'Ilayachi' to be an octaploid. Its independent identiy was also supported by the presence of a distinct leaf flavonoid pattern. 2. Cultivars with semi-erect growth habit The presence of an equal numb~r of spots with similar colour changes and identical flavonoid pattern in cultivars' Ajmeri', 'Umran' and' Katha' was in agreement with the similarity observed in their morphological charact~rs although this cultivar is named differently at different places i.e. 'Katha' in Rajasthan, 'Umran' in the adjoining Haryana and Punjab States (Chadha et al 1972) and 'Ajmeri' in Gujarat.

CHEMOTAXONOMY OF JUJUBE CULTIVARS: 125 Table l. Characteristics of flavonoid spots on 2-dimensional chromatograms in jujube cultivars Rf value IlJ *Colour change BAW ACOH Spot No UV UVNH3 UV-AIc1 3 Cultivars 012 0.03 58 Br Br Br Y Sua 0.14 0.03 56 Y Y Br Y Mirchia 0.15 0.24 60 Hr Br Br Y Sua 0.17 0.46 61 Br Br LY Sua o 19 0.01 62 Hr Br Br Y Sua 0.19 050 63 Hr Br Br Y Wlilayati 0.19 061 64 DBr DBr Le Y Willayati 0.20 0.39 65 BI Bl OBI Thornles~ 0.22 0.66 66 Br Br BrEI Sua 0.24 0.67 67 Y Y Hr Y Chencho 0.24 0.93 68 Y Y Br Y Dandan 0.24 0.29 69 DBr Br Le Y Willayati 0.26 0.04 70 Y Y Le Y Willayati 0.27 0.10 71a HI Bl DBL T.oorn les, 0.27 0.20 71b BI BI DI:lL Thornless 0.27 0.85 72 Y Y BrY Dandan 0.28 0.63 73 Br Br Dr { Ba nar~si kada:ka 0.29 0.29 74 DBr DBr Y liagachi 0.30 0.05 30 Y Y Br lkali, Narmll 0.30 0.07 75 Y Y Hr Jhajjar selection 0.32 0.06 76 Y Y HI Bahadurgarh 0.33 0.60 31 Br Br YBr Rew.a selection, Nacikeli 0.34 0.07 77 DBr DBr Y llaichi 0.35 0.65 32 Br Br Le Y S~b, Meharun 0.36 0.61 33 Br Sr Br Y Popular Goili. Nimaj 036 0.76 78 Br Br Br Y 'RewJl selection 038 0.28 79 DBr DBr LY Sua 0.38 0.68 80 Br Br BI Ma.c:lhuri 0.38 0.18 81 BI BI BrBl Aliganj 0.39 0.61 I Br Br YBr Narma, Ajmeri, Kailia. Umnm Kala Gola, Olanchal, MahaI'w.ali Mundi~ 0.39 0.20 82 BI BI DBI Thornless 0.57 83 Br Br VBr Noki 0.39 0.72 84 Br Br YBr Kaithali 0.39 0.89 85 DBI DB! BI Jhajjar se'lection 0.40 0.52 34 DBr DBr LV Katha phal, Sua 0.41 0.54 35 Br Br Br Y Sanaur-3, Triloki 0.41 0.61 14 Br Br Br Y Chhuhara. Madhar.j 0.41 0.65 86 Br Br BrBI Ponda 0.41 0.81 87 BI BI YPI StIll 0.42 0.76 88 BI BI YBr Kala gola 0.42 0.55 89 DBr Br ley Madhud

)26: VASHISHTfiA el al. 2 3 4 5 6 7 0.42 0.57 90 Br HI' LY Deedwana 0.43 052 8 Br lir Br I' Jhajjar selection, Tikadi, Rewa selection, 0.44 0.:'0 91 DBr DBT Le Y Ilayachi 0.44 062 92 DBI' DBr Le l' Dandan 0.44 0.61 93 DBr DBr Br JS II Thornless 0.44 0.66 36 DBr DBr HI' Banarasi pebandi, Pathan 044 0.61 37 Br Br Le Y AG-3, Rewa selection 0.44 0.83 94 BI VI Br Rewa selection 0.46 083 95 Br Br I' Lem 0.36 0.43 96 llr HI' I' Chhuhara 0.46 0.67 97 Br Br l' Laddu 046 0.51 98 Br Br l' Narikeli 0.46 033 99 DBr Br Le l' Sanaur-3 n.47 090 JOO III BI Ill' l' Vikas-2 0.47 0.35 101 Hr Br DBr Bagwadi 0.47 0.68 102 Br Br BIBa Meha run 0.48 0.54 IS DBr DBr Le l' Pathan, JS II, Mirchia 0.48 0.35 J03 DBI' DBI' Le I' Laddu 0.48 046-104 DBI' DBr Le l' Kaithali 0.49 0.78 105 BI BI YBI ZG-3 0.49 0.58 2 Br Br YBr Banarasi kadaka, Kaithali, Sanaur~l. Thornless, Meharun, Narikeli, Kakrol gala 0.49 0.64 J06 Br Br YBr Gobindgarh selection 0.49 f) 52 J07 DRr DBr YBr Mirchia 0.49 0.21 108 Br Br YBr Deedwana 0.49 0.82 16 Br Br YBT Umran, Katha Ajmeri 0.49 0.60 )001 DBr DBr Br Lam 049 084 lio DBr DBr Br Jullundhari 0.50 0.47 III Br Br Le Y Gala 0.50 0.54 J7 Br Br Le l' Lam, Nimaj, Kaithali i).50 0.23 )12 13r Br Le Y Mundia 0.50 0.45 113 Br 13r DBr Sanaur-3 0.50 0.67 114 Br Br DBr Mirchia 0.50 0.30 J8 DBr DBr Le Y Kalha pha), Rewa selection Ilayachi V.50 0.55 US DBr DBr Le Y Popular gala 0.50 0.60 3 DBr DBT Le Y Mirchia Umran, Katha, 0.50 0.96 Jl6 Y Y Br Dandan Ajmeri, GolaGurgaon-l, Nimaj 0.51 0.56 J9 BT Br Le Y Madhuri, Kala gala, Sanaur-3 0.51 0.77 117 BI BI DBI Sanaur-2 Il 51 0.25 118 Y Y YBr Gala 0.52 0.50 38 DBI' DBr Y Chonchal, Lam 0.52 0.27 119 DBr DBr Le Y Tikadi 052 0.68 120 DBr DBr LeY lullundhari

CHEMOTAXONOMY OF JUJUBE CULTIVARS : 127 2 3 4 5 6 7 0.52 0.55 121 DBr DBr Le Y Pehandi Alwar 0.52 0.32 122 DBr Hr DBr Gola, Gurgaoll-I 0.52 052 123 DBr Br Le Y Maharwali 0.53 0.61 124 BI Bl Le Y Aliganj 0.53 067!25 Br Br DBr Chonchal 0.53 0.39 126 Br Br Br Y Noki 053 0.62 20 Br Br Br Y Pebandi Alwar, Narma, Maharwali 053 091 127 Br Br Br Y Mundia 0.54 0.56 128 DBr Dr YBr Rewa s.election 0.54 0.02 129 Y Y Le Y Gola, Gurgaon-l 054 0.23 130 Dr Br Dr Y Banarasi pebandi 0.55 0.96 131 Y Y Dr Dandan 0.56 033 7 DBd DBr Le Y Pathan, Thornkss, Nimaj, Mirchia, Kakrola Goia 0.56 0:6 21 DBr DBr Le Y Narma Gola:, Gurgaon, Jogia 0.56 027 132 DBr DBr Le Y Lam 056 0.59 133 DBr DBr Le Y Akrola 0.56 025 134 Br Hr Y:)r Narikeli 0.56 0.62 9 Hr Br YBr Kala g>")la,gola Gurgaon, Pedandi Alwar, ZG-3 056 055 J 35 Br Br YBf Deedwana 0.'6 o R9 136 Hr Br YBr Dand.a.fl 056 0.31 22 Br Br DBr Umran. Ajmeri. Katha 0.56 0.~5 39 Bl Bl YBI Gola. Safed Rohtak r.5(i 0.70 137 Br Br YBI Jhajjar selection 0.57 062 40 DBr DBr Le Y Hahadurgarh, Seb 0.57 0.56 4 DBr DBr Le Y Chhuhara, Ponda, Kheera. Dandan; Mundia, Triloki 057 025 41 DBr DBr Le Y Kaithali, Chonchal 057 0.55 138 DBr Br BrY ZG-3 057 0.,,7 42 Br Bf Br Y Thornless, Bahadllrgarh 0.57 0.68 139 Bl 81 Le Y Noki 0.50 0.04 43 Y Y Br Y Pathan, Gola 058 0.64 140 Y Y BrY Safed Rohluk 0.58 061 141 Br Br BI Bagwadi 059 l-.39 23 DBr' DBr Le Y Jhajjar selection, Popular Gola, Meharun 0.59 0.76 44 BI BI YBI Gola, Laddu 0.59 0.67 142 El HI YBI Sua 060 061 45 Br Hr LeY Gobindgarh selection Jullundhari 060 0.50 143 Br Hr Le Y JS II 0.60 0.55 46 Hr Br Le Y Thornless, Pebandi Alwar 0.60 0.34 10 DBr DBr YBr Seb, Meharun. Popular gola, Kala gola

128 : VASHISHTHA et al. 2 3 4 5 6 7 0.60 058 144 DBr DBr YBr Sanaur-2 0.60 030 II DBr DBr Le Y Ilayachi, Banarasi, Kadaka, Deedwana, Noki 0.60 0.38 145 DBr DBr Le Y Narma 0.60 0.41 146 DBr DBr DBrY Aliganj 060 0.27 147 DBr Br Le Y Maharwali 0.60 0.05 47 Y Y Le Y Jhajjar Selection, Jullundhari 0.61 088 148 BI BI DB! Sanaur-2 0.6) 0.35 149 DBr BrY DBr Y Gola. Gurgaon 0.61 0.57 150 DBr BrY DBr Y Bagwadi 0.62 0.53 5 Br Br Br Y Nimaj, Safed Rohtak, Ajmed, Katha, Umran, Kala gola 0.62 0.58 24 Br Br Br Y Pathan, Chonchal, Narma 062 0.61 151 Br Br DBr Khatti 0.62 0.34 152 Br Br DBf Gola, Gurgaon-3 0.62 0.32 6 DBr DBf LY Chhuhara, Akrola, Narma, Kheera, Mund ia. Jogia 0.62 0.53 48 DBr DBr LY Gola, Sanaur-l 0.62 0.42 49 DBr DBr LY Bat adurgarh. Ponda 0.62 0.29 ]2 DBf DBr LY Dandan, Sanaur-2, Chonchal, Sanaur-l, 0.62 0.73 153 DBr DBr LY Vikas-2 062 0.08 154 Y Y BrY Ponda 0.62 0.01 13 Y Y Br Y Maharwali, Chhuhara, Gola, Gurgaon, Kala gola 0.62 0.05 25 Y Y Br Y Aligan.i, Deedwana, Banarasi kadaka 0.63 0.37 155 DBr YBr Le Y Jullundhari 0.63 0.64 ]56 DBr BrY Br Kali 0.63 0.26 157 DBr DBr YBr Bagwadi 0.63 0.51 1511 Br YBr Br Y Maharwali 0.64 0.71 I59a Br Br le Y Kali 0.64 0.70 159b Br Br DBr Khatti 0.64 0.04 50 Br Br LeY Meharun. 5eb 0.64 0.41 160 DBr DBr Br Y Ponda 0.64 0.44 161 Br Br DBr Sananr-3 0.64 0.04 162 BI BI Br Meharun 0.64 0.80 163 BI Bl Br Jullundhari 0.64 0.65 164 BI BI LY Noki 0.65 0.38 26 Br Br Br Y Gobindgarh selection, Safed Rohtak, Bagwadi 0.65 0.90 165 DBr DBr YBr Vikas-2 0.65 0.38 51 DBr DBr YBr Triloki. Gola 0.65 0.26 166 DBr OBr YBr ZG-3 0.65 0.65 167 DBr DRr YBI Jhajjar selection 0.65 0.02 162 y Y LeY Kheera

CHEMOTAXONOY OF JUJUBE CULTIVARS: 129 2 3 4 5 6 7 0.66 0.7~ J69 Br Br LBr Bahadurgarh 0.66 086 170 DBI BI DBI Aliganj 0.66 0.80 171 ilr Br DBr Khatti 0.67 0.56 52 Y Y YBr ZG 3, Gola Gurgaon 0.67 0.06 27 Y Y YBr Gobindgarh selection, Bagwadi, Kailhli 0.67 0.41 172 DBr BrY YBr Kali 068 062 23 ilr Br Le Y Aliganj, Mundia 0.68 050 ~4 Br Br Le Y Banarasi Kadaka, Gobindgarh selection 0.68 0.59 173 Br Br Le Y Bahadurgarlt 068 009 55 LeY LeY Br Triloki, JS Il 0.68 056 174 LeY LeY Br ZG-3 0.69 0.55 :;:8 Br ilr YB, Jogia, Dandan, Triloki 0.69 0.76 175 BI Bl BIY Akrota 0.70 035 176 ilr Br DDr Khatti 0.70 044 29 DBr DBr Le Y Ajmeri Umran, Katha 0.70 0.32 177 DBr DBr Le Y Vikas-2 0.70 0.77 178 BI BI DBI Aliganj 0.71 052 179 BI HI Bl Y ZG-3 0.71 0.R3 ]80 BI BI DIY Pebandi Alwar 0.71 064 181 BI BI BrBI Gola 0.72 0.50 182 Y Y Le Y Gola 0.72 0.60 Ill3 DBr DBr BrY Vlkas-! 0.73 0.89 184 DBI DBI Br Y Rewa selection 0.73 089 185 Br Br Ly Sua 0.74 0.56 186 Br Br DBr Khatti 0.75 0.44 187 Br Bl Dr Y Sanaur-2 076 0.59 188 DBI' DBr Y Safed Rohtak 0.71i 0.65 189 BI Bl DBI Pebandi Alwar 0.77 0.05 190 Y Y YBr Safed Rohtak 077 0.86 191 Y Y YBI Jhajjar 0.78 0.68 192 Bl Bl LBI Gola selection 0.78 0.66 193 BI BI.DY Safed Robtak 0.79 0.73 56 BI Bl DBI Triloki, Sanaur-2 0.79 0.80 194 Y Y BIY Jhajjar selection 0.80 0.43 195 DBr DBr DY Safed Rohtak 0.81 090 196 Y Y Br Oandan 0.86 068 197 BI BI DBI Kala Gola 0.86 0.71 198 BI Bl DBI Thornless 087 0.73 199 BI BI OBI Bahadurga rh 0.89 0.56 200 Br DBI' YBr Safed Rohtalc 0.90 0.38 201 Br DBI' BI Safed Rohtak 0.92 0.67 202 BI Bl DBI Gobindgarh selection *Colour and Shade abbreviations: Br - Brown; Bl - Blue; Y - Yellow; L - Light; D - Dark; L - Lemon

130: VASHlSHTHA et al. In this group srot number I was common in 'Umran', 'Ajmeri' 'Katha', 'Chonch:lI' and' Mundia', spot number 4 in 'Mundia' and 'Triloki', spot number 6 in 'Mundia' and '.fogia', II and 25 in 'Banarasi kadaka' Hnd 'Oeedwana', 12 in 'Chencho' Bnd 'Dandan', 15 in 'JS Ii', 'Pathan' and 'Mirchia', 24 in 'Pathan' and 'Choncha!', 28 in 'Jogia' 'Oandan' and 'Triloki', 36 in 'Sanarasi pebandi' and 'Pathan', However, within this group the cultivars 'Sahadurgarh', 'Madhuri', 'ZG-3', 'Jullundhari' and 'Vikas 2' did not have common flavonoid spots. 3. Cultivars with spreading growth habit Cultivars 'Gola', 'Gola Gurgaon,' 'Gala Gurgaor,'l " 'Popular gala' and 'Kakrola gala' had round fruit and the leaf shape varied from cordate, oblong to oval. Although 'Gala' (meaning round shape) is common in their nomenclature, the flavonoid pattern did not establish any relationship among these cultivars. 'Kala gola' seemed to be a misnomer since its fruits are oblong. Incidentally 'Kala gala' resembled Maharwali with regard to leaf flavonoid plttern. Cultivar 'Willayati', however, retained its independent identity in its flavonoid pattern and did not resemble any of the cultivars of the group. Spot number I was common in'maharwali', 'Kala gala', spot 2 in'meharun' and 'Kakrola gala,' spot 4 in 'Panda' and 'Kheera', spot 5 in'safed Rohtak' and 'Kala gola', spot 9 in 'Gala Gurgaon' and 'Pebandi Alwar', 10 in 'Popular gala', 'Kala gala' and 'Saoaur-2', 13 in 'Gola' 'Gurgaon' and 'Kala gala', 18 in 'Katha pha!' and 'Rewa selection', 19 in 'Kala gala' and 'Sanaur-3' 20 in 'Pebandi Alwar' and'maharwali', 23 in 'Jh<ijjar Selection', 'Popular gala' and 'Meharun', 26 in 'Safed Rohtak' and 'Bagwadi', 39 in 'Gala' and 'Safed Rohtak' and 44 in 'Gala' and 'Laddu', Other cultivars had no common spots, B. Inter-group relationship Among the cultivars emanating from a village Sanaur in Punjab (Chadha et ai., 1972), 'Sanaur-I' had erect growth habit and 'Sanaur-2' and 'Sanaur-3' were of spreading type. 'Sanaur-l' and 'Sanaur-3' had ovate fruit shape but in 'Sanaur-2' fruits were oblong. Chemotaxonomic evidence showed 'Sanaur-I' and 'Sanaur-2' to reseni ble in their flavonoid pattern while 'Sanaur-3' was different. Similarly 'Kala gola' with spreading growth habit showed affinity with 'Umran', 'Ajmeri' and 'Katha' of the semi-erect group, 'Kala gola' could therefore be a seedling selection from the population of commercial cultivar 'Umran' in Haryana. Flavonoid spot pattern in cultivar 'Nimaj' resembled 'Umran', 'Ajmeri' and 'Katha' on one side and'mirchia' on the other. 'Mirchia' also resembled 'Pathan'. This suggests a common lineage of these eultivars. The flavonoid pattern similarities in the intergroup cultivars may be due to their development from cross pollination in an intermixed population, Seedling

CHEMOTAXONOMY OF JUJUBE CULTlVARS.: 131 progeny of the cultivated tetraploid types are never uniform because of their natural hybridization through entomophily (Khoshoo and Singh, 1963 '. Such hybrids are likely to be reasonaoly fertile and the resultant polyploids are segmental alloploids in nature. C. Relationship with wild species Flavonoid analysis of the wild species Z. nummlilaria (Table 2) and Z. mauritiona var. rotllndifolia (Table 3) showed distinct patterns, no flavonoid spots in common and having no possible relationship with the cultivars of Z.mauritiana. Table 2. Characteristics of flavonoid spots in Zi::ipfl/ls 1ll/lIlll/ularia Spot Rf Colour change No. BAW AcOH UV UV /NH3 AICb 1 0.43 3.40 DBr DBr Le Y 2 0.36 0.24 Br Br y 3 0.23 0.05 Y LY DY 4 0.5\ 0.35 Br Br Ley 5 0.5\ 0.44 Br Br Le Y 6 050 0.48 Br Br Le Y 7 0.34 0.48 Br Br Y 8 049 0.58 Br Br YBr 9 0.58 061 Br Br Y 10 0.55 0.67 Br Er Br Y 11 0.50 0.61 Br Dr YBr 12 0.43 0.60 Br Br Br Y 13 0.36 0.56 Br Br Y 14 0.24 0.60 Br Dr Y 15 0.50 0.67 Br Br LeY 16 0.53 0.68 Br Br LeY 17 0.46 0.73 Br Br Le Y 18 0.42 0.71 Br Br DBr 19 0.21 0.78 B1 DI DBI Br - Brown; BI - Blue; Le - Lemon; D - 'Dark; Y - Yellow: L - Light

132 : VASHISHTHA et al, Table 3. Characteristics of t1avonoid sr ots in Ziziphlls mallritialla var. rotllildifolia Spot Rf Colour change No. BAW ACOH UV UVjNH 3 AICl 3 1 0.48 0)5 DBr DBr Le Y 2 0.39 0.38 DBr DBr Le Y 3 0.19 0.07 Y Y DY 4 050 0.45 DBr DBr le Y 5 0.44 0.50 Y Y Le Y 6 0.39 0.51 DBr DBr LeY 7 0.48 0.54 DBr DBr Le Y 8 0.41 0.57 DBr DBr Le Y 9 0.46 0.68 BI GrBI Le Y Br - Brown; B - Blue; L - Light; Le - Lemon; Gr - Green; Y - Yellow; D - Dark All round-fruited types had independent identity. 'Katha', 'Umran' and 'Ajrneri' cultivars were found to be identical. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The authors thank the Director, Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur for providing facilities. REFERENCES Bhansali, A.K. 1975. Monographic study of the family Rhamnaceae of India. Ph. D. Thesis, University of Jodhpur Chadha, K. L., Gupta, M. R. and Bajwa, M. S. 1972. Performance of some grafted varieties of ber (Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk.) in Punjab. Indian Journal of Horticulture. 29 (2): 137-50 Harborne, J.B. 1976. Phytochemical Methods. Chapman and Hall, London. pp. 53. Khoshoo, T.N. and Singh, N. 1963. Cytology of northwest Indian trees. Zizyph-us jujube and Z. rotundifolia, Silvae Genetica. 12: 141-80