New Products and Resistance Management Strategies for Mummy Berry and Botrytis in Conventional Blueberries Alan Schreiber Agriculture Development Group, Inc. Tom Walters Walters Ag Research
Objectives Year 1 Generate efficacy data on new registrations and unregistered fungicides for control of mummy berry and botrytis. Develop resistance management programs for foliar and fruit diseases of blueberry.
Why this project? There is heavy reliance on triazole (Indar, Orbit, Proline, Quash) fungicides for control of mummy berry. With the disease s propensity for development of resistance, finding new modes of actions should be an industry priority. Botrytis has developed resistance, and in some cases, very high levels of resistance to the primary fungicides used for the disease control in Washington. The lack of ability to control botrytis in Washington blueberries has reached an emergency level of concern.
2015 first year for this project. Trial location in Skagit County. Blueberries were 5 years old and were Rekas. Previously organically management, so good disease pressure historically. Because of organic history the site should susceptible diseases, particularly botrytis. Good cooperator. Seems like an ideal location. Unfortunately due to weather conditions, no botrytis.
2015 Mummyberry Botrytis Research 19 treatments, including 2 untreated checks. Most programs focused on botrytis and mummy berry. A few programs were disease specific. Tried single active ingredient programs to see how they worked; also tank mixes, rotations, and timings. Location had no resistance to any fungicide Ended up with data only for mummy berry. Pressure was high. Data for leaf strikes, flower strikes and on fruit. Striking differences between treatments, ranging from poor control to near perfect control. Results are not always intuitive.
First application was early pink bud on March 13th. Last application (7) was on May 31 to green fruit.
Trt Treatment No. Name 1UTC #1 2Indar 2F r w Pristine 3Orbit r w Switch 4Quash r w Switch 5Pristine 6Rovral (4) 7Chlorothalonil 8Captan 80 WP 9Ziram 76 DF 10Serenade Optimum 11Proline w Serenade 12Proline 13Rovral/Quash/Quash/Pristine 14Pristine/Quash/Rovral/Rovral 15Chloro/Indar/Proline/Ziram 15Switch/Pristine/Abound/Elevate 16Proline/Quash/Meteor (4) 17Quash 50 WDG/Topsin M (4) 18Quash 50 WDG/ TopsinM+Meteor (4) 19UTC #2 # of Applications ABCDEFG ABCDEFG ABCDEFG ABCDEFG ABCD ABCDEFG ABCDEFG ABCDEFG ABCDEFG ABCDEFG ABCDEFG ABCD ABCD ABC/C DEFG ABCDEF BCDEF BCDEF
Comparative Efficacy of 17 Different Fungicide Programs on Blueberry Trt Treatment Appl % strikes % strikes % fruit infected % fruit infected No. Name Code on leaves on flowers on plant on ground 1UTC #1 11.3b 20.3a 1.3b 6.8b-e 2Indar 2F r w Pristine ABCDEFG 0.5d 2.3def 0.5b 0.8e 3Orbit r w Switch ABCDEFG 1.0d 1.3ef 0.5b 0.0e 4Quash r w Switch ABCDEFG 0.8d 0.5f 0.0b 1.8de 5Pristine ABCDEFG 8.3bcd 10.5 b-e 0.8b 1.0e 6Rovral (4) ABCD 0.0d 0.5f 0.5b 0.0e 7Chlorothalonil ABCDEFG 11.3b 13.5 abc 1.8b 10.8bcd 8Captan 80 WP ABCDEFG 7.3bcd 8.3b-f 3.5ab 14.5b 9Ziram 76 DF ABCDEFG 7.3bcd 14.3abc 1.8b 13.3bc 10Serenade Optimum ABCDEFG 7.3bcd 11.8a-d 2.3b 12.3bc 11Proline w Serende ABCDEFG 10.5bc 15.0abc 2.0b 5.3cde 12Proline ABCDEFG 1.5cd 1.5 ef 0.0b 0.0e 13Rovral/Quash/Quash/Pristine ABCD 0.0d 0.5 f 0.0b 0.0e 14Pristine/Quash/Rovral/Rovral ABCD 6.0bcd 6.0 c-f 0.5b 2.3de 15Chloro/Indar/Proline/Ziram ABC/C 11.5b 14.8 abc 0.5b 1.8de 15Switch/Pristine/Abound/Elevate DEFG 16Proline/Quash/Meteor (4) ABCDEF 0.5d 2.5def 0.0b 0.5e 17Quash 50 WDG/Topsin M (4) BCDEF 4.8bcd 8.0b-f 0.8b 3.0de 18Quash 50 WDG/ TopsinM+Meteor (4) BCDEF 1.8cd 1.3ef 1.0b 2.8de 19UTC #2 23.0a 17.0ab 8.8a 25.0a
Mummy berry strikes on blueberry leaves on May 9th Trt Treatment Appl % strikes No. Name Code on leaves 19UTC #2 23.0a 15Chloro/Indar/(Proline/Ziram) ABC 11.5b 15Switch/Pristine/Abound/Elevate DEFG 1UTC #1 11.3b 7Chlorothalonil ABCDEFG 11.3b 11Proline/Serenade ABCDEFG 10.5bc 5Pristine ABCDEFG 8.3bcd 8Captan 80 WP ABCDEFG 7.3bcd 9Ziram 76 DF ABCDEFG 7.3bcd 10Serenade Optimum ABCDEFG 7.3bcd 14Pristine/Quash/Rovral (2) ABCD 6.0bcd 17Quash 50 WDG/Topsin M (4) BCDEF 4.8bcd 18Quash 50 WDG/)Topsin M/Meteor)(4) BCDEF 1.8cd 12Proline ABCD 1.5cd 3Orbit/Switch ABCD/DEFG 1.0d 4Quash/Switch ABCD/DEFG 0.8d 2Indar 2F/Pristine ABCD/DEFG 0.5d 16Proline/Quash/Meteor (4) ABCDEFG 0.5d 6Rovral ABCD 0.0d 13Rovral (2)/Quash/Pristine ABCD 0.0d
Trt Treatment Appl % strikes No. Name Code on flowers 1UTC #1 20.3a 19UTC #2 17.0ab 11Proline w Serenade ABCDEFG 15.0abc 15Chloro/Indar/Proline/Ziram ABC/C 14.8abc 15Switch/Pristine/Abound/Elevate DEFG 9Ziram 76 DF ABCDEFG 14.3abc 7Chlorothalonil ABCDEFG 13.5abc 10Serenade Optimum ABCDEFG 11.8a-d 5Pristine ABCDEFG 10.5b-e 8Captan 80 WP ABCDEFG 8.3b-f 17Quash 50 WDG/Topsin M (4) BCDEF 8.0b-f 14Pristine/Quash/Rovral/Rovral ABCD 6.0c-f 16Proline/Quash/Meteor (4) ABCDEF 2.5def 2Indar 2F r w Pristine ABCDEFG 2.3def 12Proline ABCDEFG 1.5ef 18Quash 50 WDG/ TopsinM+Meteor (4) BCDEF 1.3ef 3Orbit r w Switch ABCDEFG 1.3ef 4Quash r w Switch ABCDEFG 0.5f 6Rovral (4) ABCD 0.5f 13Rovral/Quash/Quash/Pristine ABCD 0.5f
Trt Treatment Appl % fruit infected No. Name Code on plant 19UTC #2 8.8a 8Captan 80 WP ABCDEFG 3.5ab 10Serenade Optimum ABCDEFG 2.3b 11Proline w Serenade ABCDEFG 2.0b 9Ziram 76 DF ABCDEFG 1.8b 7Chlorothalonil ABCDEFG 1.8b 1UTC #1 1.3b 18Quash 50 WDG/ TopsinM+Meteor (4) BCDEF 1.0b 5Pristine ABCDEFG 0.8b 17Quash 50 WDG/Topsin M (4) BCDEF 0.8b 15Chloro/Indar/Proline/Ziram ABC/C 0.5b 15Switch/Pristine/Abound/Elevate DEFG 14Pristine/Quash/Rovral/Rovral ABCD 0.5b 2Indar 2F r w Pristine ABCDEFG 0.5b 3Orbit r w Switch ABCDEFG 0.5b 6Rovral (4) ABCD 0.5b 16Proline/Quash/Meteor (4) ABCDEF 0.0b 12Proline ABCDEFG 0.0b 4Quash r w Switch ABCDEFG 0.0b 13Rovral/Quash/Quash/Pristine ABCD 0.0b
Trt Treatment Appl % fruit infected No. Name Code on ground 19UTC #2 25.0a 8Captan 80 WP ABCDEFG 14.5b 9Ziram 76 DF ABCDEFG 13.3bc 10Serenade Optimum ABCDEFG 12.3bc 7Chlorothalonil ABCDEFG 10.8bcd 1UTC #1 6.8b-e 11Proline w Serende ABCDEFG 5.3cde 17Quash 50 WDG/Topsin M (4) BCDEF 3.0de 18Quash 50 WDG/ TopsinM+Meteor (4) BCDEF 2.8de 14Pristine/Quash/Rovral/Rovral ABCD 2.3de 15Chloro/Indar/Proline/Ziram ABC/C 1.8de 15Switch/Pristine/Abound/Elevate DEFG 4Quash r w Switch ABCDEFG 1.8de 5Pristine ABCDEFG 1.0e 2Indar 2F r w Pristine ABCDEFG 0.8e 16Proline/Quash/Meteor (4) ABCDEF 0.5e 3Orbit r w Switch ABCDEFG 0.0e 6Rovral (4) ABCD 0.0e 12Proline ABCDEFG 0.0e 13Rovral/Quash/Quash/Pristine ABCD 0.0e
2015 temperatures compared to previous 4 years
The lack of botrytis pressure was disheartening. However, we did a botrytis trial on blackberry and collected some very interesting and promising data.
We did a Botrytis trial on blackberry near Mt V. Fortunately
In September, it cooled off and rained. Finally, we had a berry trial with botrytis! More importantly, in a field with documented fungicide resistance
Kenja treated blackberries
Untreated
Incidence of Grey Mold on Fungicidally Resistant Botrytis in Blackberry in Washington Trt Treatment Rate of # of Incidence of botrytis on fruit No. Name Application Appls. 2-Sep 8-Sep 14-Sep 1 Untreated Check 16.3a 18.5a 31.3a 2KENJA 15.4fl oz/a A-F 3.0b 6.5bc 12.8b 3KENJA w/ Kinetic 15.5fl oz/a A-F 3.3b 5.0c 10.0b 4KENJA 13.5fl oz/a A-F 3.4b 7.3bc 14.5b 5KENJA w/kinetic 13.5fl oz/a A-F 4.3b 7.5bc 13.0b 6SWITCH 14oz/a A-F 7.5ab 12.8ab 19.3ab 7PRISTINE 23oz/a A-F 15.3a 16.8a 26.8a 8ENDURA 8.3oz/a A-F 11.5ab 16.3a 29.3a
We are pursuing a Section 18 for Kenja for blueberries (and reds and blacks) Kenja has activity against Pristine, Switch and Elevate resistant botrytis. It has MRLs for Canada, Japanese MRL is pending and cannot count on it for 2016 season. No other MRLs. If you use it and there is potential for export, then use it early; do not use it post bloom if exporting outside of N.A. I doubt if countries are screening for it yet, but do not gamble on this. O day PHI, 1 ppm MRL, residues decline quickly.
What does a high quality mummy berry/botrytis program look like? 1bud break mummyberry chlorothalonil, captan or ziram 210 to 14 days later mummyberry Indar or Quash 3prebloom mummyberry/botrytis Proline + ziram 4bloom botrytis/mummyberry Captan + Switch, ziram 5mid to late bloom botrytis/mummyberry Group 11 products, stobilurins, Pristine 6late bloom Anthracnose/botrytis Abound+Captan 7Post bloom Botrytis Elevate This program assumes low levels of resistance to Pristine, Switch and/or Elevate.
A mummyberry/botrytis program using Kenja 1 bud break mummyberry chlorothalonil, captan or ziram 2 10 to 14 days later mummyberry Indar or Quash 3 prebloom mummyberry/botrytis Proline + ziram 4 bloom botrytis/mummyberry Captan + Switch, ziram 5 mid to late bloom botrytis/mummyberry Kenja 6 Late bloom botrytis Kenja 7 Post bloom anthracnose Botrytis Abound+Captan Assumes minimal Pristine, Switch or Elevate resistance, if so, then the 3 products can be used.