General information on feed 3. CRL workshop, Copenhagen 18./19. September 2008 Cereals and Feeding Stuff. Finn V. Povlsen, DLG
Industrial compound feed production in EU27 per country 149.7 mill. ton in 2007 IT 14.1 IE 3.6 NL 13.7 PT 3.6 RO 2.7 PL 7.0 HU 4.2 UK 14.3 SE 2.1 SI 0.5 SK 1.0 FR 22.3 BE 6.2 CZ 2.9 Others 8.3 LV 0.2 LT 0.5 FI 1.4 EE CY 0.2 0.3 BU 0.7 AT 1.3 ES 20.3 DK 5.2 DE 21.3
Import of soy (as soybean meal) in EU27 per country 35.5 mill. ton in 2007 PL 4% PT 3% SL 3% GR IRSERO CY BU FI 2% 1% 1% 1% 0% LA 0% Others 0% NL 21% DK 5% BE 5% UK 7% ES 17% DE 10% IT 10% FR 10%
Industrial compound feed production in the EU27 in 2007 149.7 mill. ton (per category) Milk replacers 1% Others 6% Cattle 26% Poultry & eggs 32% Pigs 35%
EU27 compound feed production development per category 160 140 120 EU-15 as from 1995, EU- 25 as from 2004, EU-27 as from 2007 55 50 45 total in mio. t 100 80 60 40 40 35 30 per category in mio. t 20 25 0 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 Total Cattle Pigs Poultry 20
Feed material consumption by the EU27 feed industry in 2007 Feed cereals 47.5% All others 5.1% Tapioca 0.5% Minerals, Additives & Vitamins 3.0% Dried forage 1.5% Dairy products 0.8% Pulses 1.4% Cakes & Meals 27.2% Oils & Fats 2.0% Co-products from Food Industry 11.6%
Usage of cereals in the EU27 in 200708 Food use 23% Other internal use 9% Feed industry 26% Seeds 5% On farm feed use 37%
Origin of proteins used for animal feeding in the EU25 in 05/06 Others; 1% Corn gluten feed; 4% Dried forage; 3% Pulses; 3% Coprah/Palmist; 2% Cotton meal; 1% Fish meals; 3% Rapeseed meal; 12% Sunflower meal; 5% Soya meal; 65%
Origin of proteins produced for animal use by the EU25 in 05/06 Corn gluten feed 8% Others 1% Fish meals 7% Soya meal 6% Sunflower meal 7% Dried forage 14% Pulses 14% Cotton meal 3% Rapeseed meal 40%
Imports of feed materials in the EU25 in 2006: 41.0 mill.. t Pulses, 1.1 Tapioca, 0.2Miscellaneous, 1.0 Feed Cereals, 5.5 Fishmeal, 0.6 Corn Gluten Feed, 2.4 DDGS, 0.6 Molasses, 1.5 Fruits co-products, 0.9 Oilmeals, 27.2
EU25 balance sheet for protein rich feed materials in 05/06 EU production (*) EU consumption (**) Products Proteins Products Proteins Selfsufficiency (protein equivalent) Soyabean meal 726 319 34,784 15,305 2% Sunflower meal 1,988 381 4,503 1,225 31% Rapeseed meal 8,291 2,079 9,254 2,868 72% Cottonseed meal 512 179 511 198 90% Copra-Palm meal 0 0 3,130 501 0% Pulses 3,350 754 3,850 810 93% Dried forage 4,600 736 4,400 784 94% Corn gluten feed 2,193 430 4,550 893 48% Miscellaneous 376 71 1,047 307 23% Sub-Total 22,036 4,949 66,029 22,891 22% Fishmeal 521 370 982 651 57% Total 22,557 5,319 67,011 23,542 23%
Rapeseed cakes and extract Commodities Beat pulp pellets Sunflower pellets Molasses Fish meal Citrus pellets Soya and sunflower meal Soyahull pellets Palm oil / PFAD
Demand and supply: Soybeans and meal 2004 05 World market: 112,3 mill. tons Canada: 2,6 mill. t East Centr. Euro: 2,3 mill. t USA: + 37,7 mill. t Mexico: 5,6 mill. t EU25: 51,2 mill. t North Africa/Turkey: 3,2 mill. t Kina 23,2 mill. t Peru a.o.: + 2,4 mill. t Brazil: + 38,6 mill. t Far East: 22,0 mill. t + 4,0 mill. t Paraguay: + 3,6 mill. t Argentina: + 28,7 mill. t
Raw materials in Ruminant compound feed Danish average composition % of diet Milkproduction Milkproduction Low protein High protein Calf Grain, barley or wheat 12,2 2,1 47,0 Corn/Maize 9,6 0,4 4,6 DDGS 7,6 12,2 2,3 Soya hulls 4,5 1,7 1,2 Citrus pulp 7,3 1,5 2,8 Wheat bran 4,4 2,0 4,3 Soybean meal 7,7 19,7 8,4 Sunflower meal 3,0 7,9 2,8 Molasses 1,2 1,5 2,9 Grass pellets 4,5 0,2 1,7 Beet pulp 11,6 2,4 8,6 Rapeseed cakes 6,9 12,1 0,4 Rapeseed extraction 12,8 28,3 9,2 Vegetable fat 2,4 3,9 1,2 Vitamins and minerals 4,3 4,0 2,6
Daily ration for a Danish dairy cow Kg Drymatter Clovergrass-silage 3,5 Maizesilage 9 Straw 0,5 Minerals 0,2 Concentrate 7 Total 20,2
Winter ratio for suckle cows Kg Drymatter Clovergrass-silage 4 Straw 0,5 Minerals 0,2 Concentrate 1 Total 5,7
Raw materials in compound swine feed Danish average composition Finisher Sows Piglets Barley 20,5 27,6 31,5 Wheat 50,9 44,0 37,9 Oats 0,0 5,1 1,3 Sunflowermeal 0,3 0,0 0,0 Rapeseed extraction 4,4 3,2 0,0 Wheat bran 4,2 3,7 0,0 Soyameal 13,0 7,8 18,4 Vegetable fat 1,3 1,7 2,2 Molasses 2,4 2,2 1,5 Fishmeal 0,0 0,0 2,3 Vitamins and minerals 3,0 4,7 4,9 Small amounts of wet and dry by-products are used
Raw materials in Poultry feed Danish average composition Layer Broiler Other poultry species Grain, barley or wheat 61,6 58,0 62,8 Sunflower meal 3,4 0,0 0,4 Peas 0,2 0,0 0,0 Rapeseed 0 3,5 0,2 Wheat bran 0 0,0 0,0 Soyameal 18,8 31,7 27,8 Fishmeal 0 0,0 0,0 Vegetable fat 3,6 3,4 4,0 Vitamins and minerals 12,4 3,4 4,8 In general no use of other components beside these compounds
Summary Food production of animal origin in EU is highly dependant on import. Predominantly of protein crops soybean by far the most important. Feed industry is big business not in but in ton One batch of soybean meal is normally between 40.000 and 100.000 ton Relatively few major components but local habits and availability of ex. byproducts may cause variation from the general picture.
Pesticide residues: A challenge for the feed industry The operators in the food and feed industry are responsible to produce safe feed (or food). If pesticides are found above MRL the consequences are enormous withdrawal from the market, stock in quarantine Pesticides are used world wide but not following common legislation. The use of pesticides in countries outside EU is difficult to follow. MRL are normally set for pesticides approved and used inside EU. i.e. if products in EU are redrawn from the market, MRL are reduced
Pesticide residues: A challenge for the feed industry Analysis for pesticide residues are difficult not all pesticides and residues are covered by authorized methods Analysis for all possible pesticides not possible Knowledge of pesticide use outside EU is insufficient
Provisional list of problematic pesticide/ crop combination for Argentina under EU Regulation 396/2005 SOYBEAN: acifluorfen benazolin fenpropatrina fentoato fenvalerato fluazifop fluoroglicofen haloxyfop imazetapyr metolacloro naptalan permetrina profenofos prometrina setoxydim endosulfán SUNFLOWER: benazolin fenoxaprop fenpropatrina fentoato fenvalerato fluazifop haloxyfop metolacloro permetrina profenofos prometrina setoxydim endosulfán MAIZE: atrazina fentoato fenvalerato imazetapyr metolacloro permetrina primisulfurón setoxydim dalapon simazina endosulfán
Questions?? I have one: Why are MRL s the same for feed and food? They are different for ex. heavy metals, mycotoxins and other contaminants.