Bugs and Pests: What You Need to Know Chris Benedict WSU Whatcom County Extension New, exotic pest Biology Present throughout all of WA Damage Oviposit on Ripening Fruit Introduce yeasts and bacteria Larvae feed internally on fruit Photo: A. Bradford, OSU, 2010 Photo: C. Benedict, WSU, 2010 1
Monitoring http://uspest.org/risk/models?spp=swd http://whatcom.wsu.edu/ipm/swd/scouting.html 2
Source: B. Gerdeman, WSU, 2010 Larvae in Merlot Source: Malguashca et al. 2010, WSU Source: B. Gerdmen, WSU, 2010 Pinot Noir Source: OSU, 2010 Source: E. Beers, WSU, 2010 3
How to ID SWD Can be found at: http://ipm.wsu.edu/small/pdf/swd_idflyermay2010.pdf Photo: B. Gerdeman, WSU, 2010 4
8/8/2011 Flight Monitoring Target veraison pp per A 1-4 trap Trap Setup Blackberries or other suitable crop Edge of vineyard 15-20 yards into the vineyard block 5
Fruit Monitoring Collect approx 20 to 40 ripening berries evenly distributed ib t d through h an area where traps showed adult SWD flies. Drop fruit into 1qt Ziplock bag and lightly crush. Add ¼ cup sugar and 4 cups water OR 3 Tbsp. to 2 cups water Larvae float to top, smaller larvae may require a hand lens to see. Alternatively leave fruit inside the Ziplock bag at room temperature for a few days and larvae will emerge due to warmth. Maiguashca, F, H. Ferguson, B. Bahder, T. Brooks, S. O Neal, and D. Walsh. 2010. http://ipm.wsu.edu/small/pdf/nochoiceswdongrapesaug28.pdf 6
Shown to lay and develop in damaged grapes (ºBx 10-12) Ripe, intact lay and develop (ºBx 17+) Management Vineyard sanitation Bird Management Remove infected fruit (burn, freeze) Chemical Management Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Holyomorpha halys) New, exotic pest Found in OR 2004 WA in 2010 Biology Resistant to common pesticides Damage Deformation and rotten blemishes on fruit Access point to disease Crushed adults can cause offflavors (5-10 / 25 lb lug) Image by: W. Jones, WSU-TFREC, Wenatchee, WA, USA. 7
Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Holyomorpha halys) NY Times, 9/26/10 Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Holyomorpha halys) Identification 1 - Last two antennal segments have white bands. 2 - Shoulders (edges of thorax) are smooth. Image by: W. Jones, WSU-TFREC, Wenatchee, WA, USA. http://pmtp.wsu.edu/downloads/bmsbidsheet.pdf Image by: E. LaGasa - WSDA 8
http://pmtp.wsu.edu/bmsb.html BMSB Rough Stink Bug Not banded antennae Consperse Stink Bug Lacks cream colored spots Conchuela Stink Bug Black antennae Images by: W. Jones, WSU-TFREC, Wenatchee, WA, USA. Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Holyomorpha halys) Eggs Nymph 1+ Generation/YR. Adult 9
BMSB Management Monitoring BMSB Traps Cultural Watch lugs/harvest equipment Manage ground cover/habitat Sort in vineyard Chemical Reduce exposure due to mobility Rely on 0 day PHI products? AgBio http://www.agbio-inc.com/stink-bug-trap.html Resources SWD WSU Mt. Vernon NWREC SWD http://mtvernon.wsu.edu/entomology/pests/swd.html IPM Program SWD http://ipm.wsu.edu/small/sf.html OSU http://swd.hort.oregonstate.edu/current_spotted_wing_drosophila_information_grapes BMSB WSU http://pmtp.wsu.edu/downloads/bmsbidsheet.pdf Univ. of Maryland http://www.grapesandfruit.umd.edu/timelyvit2/timelyvitbmsb2.pdf MSU Organic http://www.bmsb.opm.msu.edu/ Univ. of Maryland http://www.grapesandfruit.umd.edu/timelyvit2/timelyvitbmsb2rev.pdf 10
Other Resources Grapes in Maritime Western WA 2011 Pest Management Guide Organic BMSB Management http://cru.cahe.wsu.edu/cepublications/ eb2001/eb2001.pdf http://cru.cahe.wsu.edu/cepublicatio ns/eb0762/eb0762.pdf http://www.bmsb.opm.msu.edu/wp- content/uploads/2011/05/bmsb- Organic-Insecticides-Summary-1.pdf Questions? Contact Chris Benedict 360-676-6736 chrisbenedict@wsu.edu 11