How to Control Fungicide Resistant Botrytis in Raspberry ALAN SCHREIBER AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT GROUP, INC. TOM WALTERS WALTERS AG RESEARCH
There is an important talk on grey mold resistance in raspberry Thursday At 1:05 Thursday in Whatcom Farmers Co- Op Room, Dr. Tobin Peever will talk about his research on fungicide resistance affecting small fruit in the Pacific Northwest. This is going to be a very significant talk. Ideally he should have given his talk before mine. When you hear his talk, you will appreciate my presentation much more.
History of resistance to botrytis in Washington Resistance to Rovral many years ago. Switched to Pristine (boscalid + pyraclostrobin), Switch (cyprodinil + fluidioxinil), and Elevate (fenhexamid) and some Captan. Captan has some MRL issues U.S. tolerance is 25 ppm, Canada has an MRL of 5 ppm. These products gave very good control. Became standards. Were widely used. In 2012, control failures. Started resistance monitoring. Tobin Peever will give a talk on this.
Resistance is everywhere Resistance to Switch, Pristine and Elevate was documented in virtually ever Whatcom raspberry field with a history of use of these products. Later, this was documented in other raspberry locations in Washington and also in Oregon. Has now been found in blueberry, strawberry and blackberry. In some fields, Elevate is essentially useless. In some fields, Pristine is essentially useless. If there has been heavy use of any of the 3 products, botrytis has developed resistance.
We are losing/have lost our key botrytis fungicides. It is critical that we find new products that have different modes of action from our existing fungicides. Need to develop resistance management strategies to keep the products that we currently have. Pristine, Switch and Elevate still have a fit in some fields in some berry crops. WRRC is funding field work to develop new fungicides for botrytis control in raspberry.
Very large field trial in commercial field with documented resistance to Pristine, Switch and Elevate 30 treatments Six applications Commercial style application Near Everson Variety is Meeker We were concerned about low disease pressure so we added overhead misting to increase leaf wetness.
80 75 70 65 60 May Jun July 2010-2014 Ave Temp 2015
And virtually no rainfall during June- record low rainfall resulted in low disease pressure.
Trt Treatment Rate of Number of No. Name Application Applications 1 Untreated Check 2 PhD 6.2oz/a ABCDEF 3 OMEGA 1.25pt/a ABCDEF 4 MERIVON 5.5fl oz/a ABCDEF 5 Luna Tranquility 18fl oz/a ABCDEF 6 SCALA 18fl oz/a ABCDEF 7 SWITCH 14oz/a ABCDEF 8 CAPTAN 2.5lb/a ABCDEF 9 ELEVATE 1.5lb/a ABCDEF 10 PRISTINE 23oz/a ABCDEF 11 IPRODIONE 1pt/a ABCDEF 12 PROTEXIO 0.5lb ai/a ABCDEF 13 PROLINE 5fl oz/a ABCDEF 14 OSO 12fl oz/a ABCDEF 15 Topsin M 1.5lb/a ABCDEF 16 NeoBoost 3lb/a ABCDEF 17 ELEVATE+NeoBoost 1.5lb/a ABCDEF 18 Luna Tran+Serenade 18fl oz/a ABEF 19 Kenja 15.5fl oz/a ABCDEF 20 Kenja+Kinetic 15.5fl oz/a ABCDEF 21 Kenja 13.5fl oz/a ABCDEF 22 Kenja+Kinetic 13.5fl oz/a ABCDEF 24 GWN-10320 1.5pt/a ABCDEF 25 GWN-10320 2pt/a ABCDEF 26 Serenade Optimum 16oz wt/a ABCDEF 27 GWN-10411 5fl oz/a ABCDEF 28 GWN-10411 7fl oz/a ABCDEF 29 WN-10411 10fl oz/a ABCDEF 30 F9110-1 20fl oz/a ABCDEF
Trt Treatment Rate of Number of 10-Jul No. Name Application Applications % infected 9ELEVATE 1.5lb/a ABCDEF 28.5a 1Untreated Check 19.0ab 26Serenade Optimum 16oz wt/a ABCDEF 16.0bc 24GWN-10320 1.5pt/a ABCDEF 15.8bc 6SCALA 18fl oz/a ABCDEF 14.5bcd 25GWN-10320 2pt/a ABCDEF 14.3b-e 30F9110-1 20fl oz/a ABCDEF 14.3b-e 27GWN-10411 5fl oz/a ABCDEF 13.8b-e 10PRISTINE 23oz/a ABCDEF 13.0b-e 29GWN-10411 10fl oz/a ABCDEF 12.5b-e 2PhD 6.2oz/a ABCDEF 12.3b-e 5Luna Tranquility 18fl oz/a ABCDEF 12.0b-e 28GWN-10411 7fl oz/a ABCDEF 12.0b-e 16NeoBoost 3lb/a ABCDEF 11.8b-e 11IPRODIONE 1pt/a ABCDEF 11.0b-e 12PROTEXIO 0.5lb ai/a ABCDEF 11.0b-e 7SWITCH 14oz/a ABCDEF 10.5b-e 13PROLINE 5fl oz/a ABCDEF 10.5b-e 8CAPTAN 2.5lb/a ABCDEF 10.0b-e 19Kenja 15.5fl oz/a ABCDEF 10.0b-e 17ELEVATE+NeoBoost 1.5lb/a ABCDEF 9.8b-e 14OSO 12fl oz/a ABCDEF 9.3cde 18Luna Tran+Serenade 18fl oz/a ABEF 9.3cde 21Kenja 13.5fl oz/a ABCDEF 9.3cde 20Kenja+Kinetic 15.5fl oz/a ABCDEF 8.5cde 15Topsin M 1.5lb/a ABCDEF 8.0cde 4MERIVON 5.5fl oz/a ABCDEF 6.8cde 3OMEGA 1.25pt/a ABCDEF 5.3de 22Kenja+Kinetic 13.5fl oz/a ABCDEF 4.8e Ranked highest % infected fruit to lowest
Disease pressure in raspberry was low; we need to test these products in a heavy pressure situation. WE DID A BOTRYTIS TRIAL ON BLACKBERRY AND COLLECTED SOME VERY INTERESTING AND PROMISING DATA.
We did a Botrytis trial on blackberry near Mt V. Fortunately
In September, it cooled off and rained. Finally, we had a berry trial with botrytis! More importantly, in a field with documented fungicide resistance
Kenja treated blackberries
Untreated
Incidence of Grey Mold on Fungicidally Resistant Botrytis in Blackberry in Washington Trt Treatment Rate of # of Incidence of botrytis on fruit No. Name Application Appls. 2-Sep 8-Sep 14-Sep 1 Untreated Check 16.3a 18.5a 31.3a 2KENJA 15.4fl oz/a A-F 3.0b 6.5bc 12.8b 3KENJA w/ Kinetic 15.5fl oz/a A-F 3.3b 5.0c 10.0b 4KENJA 13.5fl oz/a A-F 3.4b 7.3bc 14.5b 5KENJA w/kinetic 13.5fl oz/a A-F 4.3b 7.5bc 13.0b 6SWITCH 14oz/a A-F 7.5ab 12.8ab 19.3ab 7PRISTINE 23oz/a A-F 15.3a 16.8a 26.8a 8ENDURA 8.3oz/a A-F 11.5ab 16.3a 29.3a
We are pursuing a Section 18 for Kenja. Based on data generated by Tobin Peever s group, we are pursuing a Section 18 for Kenja for red raspberry, blackberry and blueberries. Effective against Pristine, Switch and Elevate resistant botrytis. Kenja has MRL for Canada, one is pending for Japan, but no other countries at this time.
Start first application at 5 to 10% bloom 1Captan 2lb 1Switch IQF 2Captan 2 Long season 2Pristine 3Captan 2.5 3Ph.D 4Captan 2 4Switch 5Captan 2 5Rovral 6Captan 2 6Switch 12.5pounds of captan
Start first application at 5 to 10% bloom 1Captan 2lb 1Kenja IQF 2Captan 2 Long season 2Kenja 3Captan 2.5 3Ph.D 4Captan 2 4Switch 5Captan 2 5Rovral 6Captan 2 6Switch 12.5pounds of captan
Start first application at 5 to 10% bloom 1Captan 2lb 1Kenja IQF 2Captan 2 Long season 2Pristine 3Captan 2.5 3Kenja 4Captan 2 4Switch 5Captan 2 5Rovral 6Captan 2 6Switch 12.5pounds of captan
1Captan 2.5lb IQF no captan at the end 1Kenja Long Season 2Captan 2.5 2Kenja 3Captan 2.5 3PhD 4Captan 2.5 4Switch 5Rovral 6Switch 10pounds of captan
1Captan 2.5 process and juice grower 2Kenja start at 5 to 10% bloom 3Captan 2.5 every 14 days 3Switch 4Captan 2.5 4Switch 7.5pounds of captan
We have/are developing a wide array of control programs Depending on your export markets History of fungicide use/resistance levels. The raspberry product you are growing. Disease risk tolerance Budget Several other factors Have about 12 to 13 programs. Working closely with your crop advisors Coop, Ellenbaas, Skagit Farmers Coop, Wilber Ellis.
We are developing botrytis control programs for raspberry. Probably use Kenja early, due to MRL issues, unless you are sure it will be used in US or Canada, then use it throughout the season. Rotate to a different mode of action from Kenja after 1 or 2 applications. Rotate with Switch, Pristine and Rovral/iprodione, if you know you do not have significant resistance to any of the three. Do not use more than 1 application of Rovral/iprodione per season.
Use Captan Captan is not the most effective botrytis fungicides. However, botrytis has never developed resistance against Captan. Add Captan when using Kenja, Switch, Pristine and Rovral. Unless you are exporting to Canada then do not use Captan in the last 2 applications prior to harvest.