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s[lif x/]s If0f x/]s lbg dfq s[lif ;dfrf/sf] nflu www.krishionline.com ;fktflxs @)&# ;fn kmfu'g @# ut] ;f]daf/ 1 jif{ % c @( @)&# kmfu'g @# ut] ;f]daf/ Mar. 6, 2017 d"no?=!). s[lifsf] nufgl kf/bzl{ agfcf} +, k/dk/fut xf]og Joj;flos agf} +, s'/fsf] v]tl xf]og, v]tlsf] s'/f u/f} +. dgqln] lgndjg u/]sf sfo{sf/l lgb] {zs ;jf] {Rrsf] cfb]zdf kmls{p sf7df8f} +. g]kfn s[lif cg';gwfg kl/ifb\ -gfs{_ sf sfo{sf/l lgb] {zs jfo{cf/-od/fh_ kf08]nfo{ s[lif dgql uf}/l z+s/ rf}w/ln] cj}wflgs lsl;dn] x6fpsf 5g\. rf}w/l s[lif dgql ag]b]lv g} kf08]nfo{ x6fpg] tof/l ul//x]sf lyp. ljgf sf/0f x6fp+bf ;d:of cfpg] egb} df}g a;]sf rf}w/ln] s]xl lbg cufl8 s[lif cg';gwfg kl/ifb\df sfo{/t lgb] {zsx?sf] ;?jfsf] ljifonfo{ axfgf agfp/ kf08]nfo{ x6fpsf x'g\. gfs{df a;]/ cg';gwfgsf] sfo{nfo{ egbf klg /fhgllt a9l ug{ yfn]kl5 sfo{sf/l lgb] {zs kf08]n] dgql s} ;xdltdf lgb]{zs dfq cgo w]/} sd{rf/lx?sf] ;?jf u/]sf lyp. ;?jf x'g]x? clwsf+z dfcf]jfbl lgs6 epsf sf/0f dgqlsf glhs a:g]x?n] cfkm\g} dftxtsf] gfs{sf dfcf]jfbl sd{rf/lx?nfo{ kf08]n] k]n]sf] cf/f]k nufp. dgqls} ;Nnfxdf sd{rf/l ;?jf u/]sf kf08]nfo{ vf;} k efj klg k/]sf lypg. t/ s[lif dgqlsf lj?4 pgs} ;+u7gsf JolQmx? k wfdgql;dd s'/f nufpg k'u]. k wfgdgqlsf k'u]sf s[lif ljsf; dgqls} ;]/f]km]/f]df /xg] s]xl JolQm / gfs{s} a}1flgsx?n] bfxfnnfo{ s[lif dgqln] gfs{sf sfo{sf/l lgb] {zssf] ldn]dtf]df cfkm"x?nfo{ ;?jf u/]sf] u'gf;f] u/]. k wfgdgql bfxfnn] klg bf]xf]/f] s'/f ;'Gg vf]h]gg\. >f]tsf cg';f/ 36gfqmdsf af/]df hfgsf/l g} glno{ bfxfn] s[lif dgqlnfo{ ttsfn sfo{sf/l lgb] {zsnfo{ sfjf{xl ug{ lgb] {zg lbp. s[lif dgqlnfo{ cfkm\gf] ;lrjfnodf /flvpsf JolQmx?n] klg gfs{sf sfo{sf/l lgb] {zsnfo{ lgndjg ug{ ;Nnfx lbp. pglx?n] o; cl3 xl/k ;fb k/fh'nlsf] kfnfdf ;d]t 8f lbnaxfb'/nfo{ x6fpsf] egb} dgqlnfo{ psf:g] sfd klg u/]. t/ k/fh'nln] To;a]nf 8f lbnaxfb'/nfo{ sfo{sf/l lgb]{zs kbaf6 x6fpsf lypgg\, pgnfo{ dgqfnodf cfkm\gf] ;Nnfxsf/sf +?kdf sfhdf NofPsf lyp. t/ lbnaxfb'/ u'?ën] sfhdf gj;l /fhlgfdf lbpsf lyp. dgqlnfo{ unt ;Nnfx lbps} sf/0f jf+sl k]h # df s[lif ljsf; dgqfnosf] ^ cj{ lk mh sf7df8f} +. s[lif ljsf; dgqfnon] cfufdl cfly{s aif{sf nflu ah]6 tof/l ul//x+bf /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]un] #) cj{;ddsf] l;lnëdf ah]6 lgdf{0f ug{ lbpsf] 5. cfof]un] lbpsf] ah]6 l;lnënfo{ x]g]{ xf] eg] x/]s aif{ s[lif ljsf; dgqfnosf] ah]6 a9\bf] qmddf 5. t/ s[lifdf ah]6df hlt g} a[l4 epklg vr{ ug{ g;sbf x/]s aif{ ah]6 lk mh x'+b} upsf] 5. utaif{ @! cj{ ah]6 :jls[t epsf] s[lif ljsf; dgqfnosf] s/lj $ cj{?k}of+ lk mh /x]sf] ah]6 dxfzfvfn] hgfpsf] 5. rfn' cfly{s aif{sf nflu s[lif ljsf; dgqfno;+u @& cj{ ah]6 epsf] epklg :jls[t sfo{qmd cg'?k sfd ug{ g;sbf ^ cj{?k}of+ egbf a9l /sd lk mh x'g] ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5. bf]; f] rf}dfl;s;dd klg sfd ug{ g;s]sf] cfwf/df rfn' cfly{s aif{df s/lj ^ cj{ ah]6 lk mh x'g] ;Defjgf b]lvpsf] xf]. ls;fg cfof]udf dfcf]jfblsf] Psnf}6L 8n/jfbLx?sf] lgzfgfdf cfof]u sf7df8f}+. /fli6«o ls;fg cfof]udf 8n/jfbLx?n] sahf ug]{ ;f]r ;lxt cufl8 a9]klg Pdfn]sf nflu s[lif ljsf; dgqfnon] hf/l u/]s]f bf]; f] ;"rgfn] klg xfjf vfpsf] 5. ls;fg cfof]u /fhgllts efua08fdf gk/f];\ egbf egb} klg cgttf]utjf efua08fs} hghfnaf6 aflx/ cfpg g;sg] epklg ls;fg cfof]u klg elt{ s]gb h:t} agg] epsf] 5. ls;fg cfof]u u7g k lqmofnfo{ kf/blz{ agfpg] egb} s[lif ljsf; dgqfnosf] j]j;fo{6df b'o{ k6s;dd ;"rgf /fvg] sfd klg ul/of]. t]; f] k6s ;"rgf k sfzg ul/psf] elgpklg Tof] df}lvs d} l;ldt /x\of]. /fli6«o ls;fg cfof]u u7g ug{sf nflu tlg tlg k6s uf]ko ;"rgf k sfzg ubf{ klg dgqfnon] j}wflgs?kdf cfof]usf] kbflwsf/lx? rog ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g. t/ ls;fg cfof]usf nflu /fhgllts ;xdlt h'6\g g;s]s} s/0f % ;b:osf nflu t]; f] k6ssf] ;"rgfn] @$ ;b:osf] cfj]bg k/]sf] 5. cfj]bg lbg]x?df s[lifdf nflu/x]sf ls;fgb]lv s[lif ljsf; dgqfnoaf6 g} ljbf epsf ;x;lrj, ;lrj;ddn] cfof]usf] ;b:o;dd cfj]bg btf{ u/fpsf 5g\. eg] u}/;/sf/l ;+:yf Pglhcf] jfnfx?n] klg ls;fg cfof]udf cfkm\gf] ks8 hdfpg] k Tog ul//x]sf 5g\. u}/ sfg"gl lsldn] u7g ug{ nflupsf] elgpsf] ls;fg cfof]usf] cwoif kbdf dfcf]jfbl g]tf lrqaxfb'/ >]i7nfo{ lgo'lqm ul/;s]kl5 clxn] ;b:o kbsf nflu t+5f8 d+5f8 g} eo{/x]s]f 5. h;n] ubf{ ls;fg cfof]u dfcf]jfbldo agg] xf] ls egg] cfz+sf klg k}bf epsf] 5. of] t+5f8 d5f8af6 Pdfn] lgs6 ls;fg dxf;+3 aflxl/psf] 5. ls;fg cfof]u u}/sfg"gl?kdf u7g ug{ nflu/x]sf] egb} z'?jftb]lv g} lj/f]w ub}{ cfo{/x]sf] Pdfn] lgs6 dxf;+3sf nflu t]; f] k6s lgsflnpsf] elgpsf] ;"rgfdf 8n/jfbLsf] ;d]t cfj]bg k/]sf] 5. s[lif ljsf; dgqfnon] s]xl ;do cufl8 dfq ls;fg k]g;g ljt/0f ug{sf nflu cwoog ug]{ 7]Ssf kfpsf dfcf]jfbl g]tf xl/ /f]ssf / ;f]dt l3ld/] dwo] l3ld/]n] klg ls;fg cfof]usf] ;b:odf cfj]bg btf{ u/]sf 5g\. dfcf]jfbl lsqfsf ;f]dt l3ld/] b]vfj6l?kdf dfq dfcf]jfbl epsf] klg cf/f]k gnfu]sf] xf]og. ls;fg k]g;g ljt/0f k lqmofsf nlfu s[lif ljsf; dgqfnoaf6 krf; nfv lnp/ cwoog ug]{ dwo]sf Ps ;f]dt l3ld/] u}/ ls;fgsf?kdf 8n/jfbLsf?kdf kl/lrt 5g\. 8n/jfbL JolQm ls;fg cfof]usf] ;b:o agg nfnflot x'g'nfo{ ls;fg cfof]u ls;fgsf] kifdf 5}g egg] s'/f clxn] rrf{df 5. ls;fg cfof]udf cfj]bgsf ljifodf ;f]dt l3ld/];+u ;Dks{ ubf{ pgn] cfkm"nfo{ of]uo ls;fg lj1 epsf], / j}slnks cwoog s]gb sf ;lrj epsf] egb} ;f] ljifodf af]ng} rfx]gg\. ls;fg cfof]u u7g k lqmof / k6s k6s lgsflnpsf] ;"rgfsf af/]df hfgsf/l lngsf ;Dks{ ubf{ s[lif ljsf; dgqfno ;lrj 8f ;'/f]h kf]v ]n, s[lif ljsf; dgqfnosf k jqmf of]u]gb sfsl{ b'j}n] hgf ;Dks{df cfpgg\. la=l6=pn\= sdkglsf kfj/ l6n/ tyf ldgl l6n/af6 v]tl u/f} +, sd vr{df ctolws ptkfbg a9fcf} +. Dhobighat, Lalitpur, Nepal (Near to Mega Hospital) Ph.No.01-5153094 Fax: 01-5153209 E-mail: btltradepvtltd@gmail.com/ www.btltrade.com.np

{ { ] { ] s[lif ;fktflxs @)&# ;fn kmfu'g @# ut] ;f]daf/ 2 cfof]udf /fhgllts?k /fli6«o ls;fg cfof]u u7g ug{sf nflu dgqlkl/ifbsf] lg0f{o epsf] s/lj Ps dlxgf ljlt;sg nfubf klg cfof]un] cem} k"0f{tf kfpsf] 5}g. ls;fg cfof]udf /fhgllts efua08f / lvrftfglsf sf/0f cfof]usf] kbflwsf/l rog ug{ xdd] xdd] kl//x]s]f b]lvg5. dgqfnon] cfkm\g} j]j;fo{6df lgsfn]sf] ;"rgfsf cfwf/df cfj]bg lbg]x? dwo] cwoif rog u/]klg cgo kbflwsf/lx? rog ug{ sl7g eo{/x]sf] 5. ;Qf ;fem]bf/ bnx?jlr efua08f gldnbf ls;fg cfof]u cnkq kg] { xf] ls egg] cfz+sf klg k}bf epsf] 5. ls;fg cfof]u u7g k lqmofdf b]lvpsf] ljjfb, u}/sfg"gl lsl;dn] ug{ nflupsf] efua08f nufotsf ljifonfo{ x]g] { xf] eg] of] cfof]un] ls;fgsf kifdf sfd ug{ ;Sb}g egg]df l4ljwf gxf]nf. /fli6«o ls;fg cfof]u u7g k"0f{?kdf /fhgllts lgo'lqm ug{ vf]lhpklg v'nnf ug] { e ddf s[lif ljsf; dgqfnon] u}/sfg"gl 9+un] cfj]bg dfu ug] {, k6s k6s Dofb ykg] nufotsf sfo{ ug' {n] klg ljlegg gsf/ftds l6kk0fl pl7/x]sf 5g\. ls;fg cfof]udf jt{dfg ;/sf/sf] g]tt[tj ul//x]sf] Pdfcf]jfbL s]gb n] cwoif kb lno{;s]sf] epklg kf+rj6f ;b:o kbsf nflu eg] lj/f]w eo{/x]sf] 5. of] kf+r kbsf nflu sf+u ];,Pdfn] s;s;n] kfpg] egg] s'/f l;ldt /x]g. ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k sfzg u/l kbflwsf/l rog ug{ sfo{ljlwdf pnn]v ep adf]lhdsf lgodnfo{ ;d]t whhl p8fp+b} cfof]u u7g ug{ vf]hg' / l9nfo{ ug' {n] klg ls;fg cfof]u efua08fsf] /fhglltegbf k/ hfg ;s]g. ls;fg cfof]udf b]lvpsf] of] /fhgllts?kn] ls;fg cfof]u ls;fg d}ql x'g5 egg ;ls+b}g. h;sf] l;tf vfof] p;}sf] lutf ufof] egg] pvfg ls;fg cfof]udf klg nfu" x'g] b]lvg5. ;+j}wflgs cfof]usf?kdf :yfkgf ul/g' kg] { ls;fg cfof]unfo{ s[lif dgqfno dftxtdf g} /flvg'n] klg ls;fg cfof]u s]jn /fhgllts cv8fsf]?kdf ljsl;t x'g] egbf km/s kb} {g. clxn] cfof]usf cwoif lrqaxfb'/ >]i7nfo{ tf]lspklg ;/sf/ kl/jt{g x'g] ljlqs} csf] cwoif lgo'lqm x'g] b]lvg5. h;sf sf/0f ls;fg cfof]usf sfd st{jo / clwsf/ s]jn sfuhdf dfq l;ldlt x'g] b]lvg5. t;y{ ls;fg cfof]unfo{ jf:tljs?kdf g} /fhgllts d'qm agfpg' cfjzos 5. cfkm\g} ;"rgf g]kfnsf] klxnf] s[lif ;fktflxssf sf kdf k sflzt s[lif ;fktflxsdf tkfo sf If]qdf ep u/]sf s[lif If]q; u ;DalGwt ;"rgf ;dfrf/ jf n]v /rgfx 5g\ eg] xfdlnfo{ lalxaf/leq k7fpg'x'g cg'/f]w ul/g5. ;Dks{ s[lif ;fktflxs, k'tnl;8s Od]n M sajnepal@gmail.com web: www.krishionline.com udl{df df;' ;'/lift e08f/0f k ljlw prr u'0f:t/lo kf}li6s ttj kfog] x'g'nfo{ ljzjdf kz'hgo k f]l6gsf] >f]tsf]?kdf ljzj ;d'bfodf df;'nfo{ pts[i6 kl/sf/sf]?kdf?rfpsf] kfog5. ljzjdf g} df;'sf] pkef]u a9\b} upsf] b]lvg5, df;'sf] pkef]u a9\g' eg]sf] ;dfhsf] cfly{s l:ylt a9]sf] ;"rs klg dflgg5. O= ;=!(^) df k lt jif{ JolQm!) s]= hl= vkt x'g] u/]sf]df O=;= @))) df of] a9]/ @^ s]= hl= k'u]sf] tyofí e]l6g5 eg] O= ;= @)#) ;Dddf of] dfqf #^ s]= hl= egbf a9l x'g ;Sg] k If]k0f ul/psf] 5. csf] { tkm{ cfhsf] df;' ptkfbg, e08f/0f, clg ljqml ljt/0f clg pkef]u >[ª\vnfdf sl/j #=% cj{ s]= hl= ljlu P/ v]/ hfg] u/]sf] 5. h:sf] k efj df;' ahf/sf] cfly{s ultljlwsf ;fy} jftfj/0flo k b'if0fdf klg kg{] u/]sf] b]lvg5. o;/l df;' lju g] / v]/ hfg'sf] k d'v sf/s ttj hljf0f'hgo k b'if0fnfo{ dflgg5. olb o;/l lju ]/ v]/ hfg] df;' dwo] %Ü nfo{ /fd f];+u ;'/lift e08f/0f ul/g] xf] eg] sl/a #,@),))) JolQmnfO{ cfjzos kg]{ df;' cfk'lt{ ;xh?kdf ug{ ;lsg5. df;'sf] nflu k of]u x'g] kz'k+lifnfo{ df;'sf?kdf 9fNg ljlegg k s[ofx?sf] ;+nugtf b]lvg5. h:tf] uf]7df, vf]/df kmflnpsf kz'k+lifx?, ;dftg] tyf kf/jfxg x'g 9'jfgL ;fwgdf xfng] ab:yn ;Dd ;'/lift, Pj+ tgfj /lxt 9'jfgL ug]{, ;'/lift?kdf cf]/fng], clg jb:yndf cf/fdbfol lj>fd :yn /fvg] Joj:yf tyf abug]{ tyf ab wg]{ sfo{ kb{5g\. dfly pnn]lvt sfo{x? ubf{ s'g} lsl;dsf] c;fjwfgl jf k s[ofut q'6l x'g updf df;' lau g], df;'sf] u'0:t/df Ifo x'g] tyf df;' gf; ;d]t x'g ;S5. To;f] x'gfn] abug{ a]nf df;' sf6 5fF6 ug]{ a]nf clg df;'hgo kl/sf/ tof/ ug]{ a]nf ;se/ df;'df s'g} lsl;dsf] k b'if0f jf hljf0f'hgo n;k; x'gaf6 arfpg] pkfo cjndag ul/g' k5{. :j:yo, :jr5 Pj+ ;kmf tl/sfaf6 ul/psf] ab clg df;' ;'/lift?kdf nfdf] ;do ;Dd pko'qm tl/sfn] e08f/0f ul/ pkef]u ug{ ;lsg5 klg. kz' k+lifx? ab ubf{ ljlegg vfn] k fljlws ultljwlx? ul/g] ul/g5, h:t} kz'k+flifnfo{ a];'w kfg] {, /ut lgyf{g], 5fnf sf9\g], leœofg; 5'6\ofpg] z/l/sf] ljlegg efu sf6 5fF6 u/l 5'6\ofpg] kb{5g\. ol dwo] s'g} Ps k s[ofdf q'6l x'g updf To;kl5sf ;j} k s[of ljyf]lng uo{ ;du k s[of / ptkfbg x'g] df;'sf] u'0f:t/df gsf/ftds c;/ kfg{ ;S5. o; afx]s ab:yn Pj+ ab ug]{ k s[ofsf] :jf:yotf df;'sf] cldnotf clg df+;k]zl hgo tgt'sf] ;+/rgfn] klg df;'sf] u'0:t/ lju gdf k efj kf5{. pbfx/0fsf nflu sn]hf] h:tf leœofg; cgo df+;k]zlx? Plss[t clg s8f x'g5g, o:tf] cj:yfnfo{ /fouf]/ df]l6{; elgg5. of] k s[off l9nf], rff8f] x'gdf ab ug{ cl3 kz' k+lif slt tgfj /lxt jf tgfj d'qm lypdf e/ kg{ ;S5. sffrf], tfhf df;'sf] u'0f:t/, ab ul/g] tl/sf tyf k s[ofdf e/ k5{. df;' tyf df;'hgo ptkfbgsf] u'0f:t/ df;'df x'g] krfpg] >fjsf sf/0f df;'df n;k; epsf hljf0f' tyf af];f] lju xl sf/0fsf sf/s x'g ;S5. af];f] lju xl sf/0f k f]l6gsf] :t/ v:sg'sf ;fy} cgo df;' pkof]ul ttjsf] x f;sf] sf/0f df;' lju g] k s[of z'? x'g] ub{5. df;'df x'g] k f]l6g clg jf];f], ljlegg, >fjhlgt k s[ofaf6, :jefljs h}ljs /;folgs k s[ofsf sf/0f lju lxt x'bf, df;'sf] :jefljs :jfb, df;'sf] sf]dntf, df;'df x'gkg]{ :jefljs /;, ugw clg agf}6df kl/jt{g x'g] ub{5. To;}n] df;' pkef]qmf, P+j df;' Joj;foL Pj+, df;' ljqm]tfn], df;', clg df;'sf tof/l kl/sf/ lju ]g sf/0f P+j k s[of af/] ;fdfgo 1fg x'g' h?/l b]lvg5. To;f] eof] eg] df;' tyf df;' hgo tof/l kl/sf/ s] s:tf] ljlw k ljlw k of]u u/l df;' tyf df;'hgo kl/sf/sf], :jefljs ef}lts tfhfkgsf] cj:yfsf] plrt ;+ro Pj+ e08f/0f ug{ ;lsof];. df;'sf] lju gsf] sf/s ttj aw ug{ cl3, aw kl5 kz'x?sf] Joj:yfkg s;/l ul/psf] lyof] jf ul/g5 To;n] df;'sf] u'0f:t/ l:y/ /fvg jf ljlu g dxtjk'0f{ e'ldsf v]n5. kz' uf]7af6 xf6;dd k' ofpfbf, kf/jfxg ul/g] jfxgdf r9fpbf jf cf]/fnbf, jfxgdf sf]rfsf]r u/l 9'jfgL ubf{, kz' k+lifdf kg{ ;Sg] tgfjsf sf/0f kz' k+lifsf] df+;k]zl hgo tgt'df /x]sf] UnfOsf]hgsf] dfqf 36g hfg5 h:sf] sf/0f df;'sf] :jefljs lk= Pr=df, clwstd jf Go'gtd :t/df, o; k s[ofsf sf/0f n}sl6s Pl;8 ptkfbgsf] sf/0f x'g ;S5. cls;hg /lxt k s[ofut sf/0fsf] af6f] x'b}, UnfOsf]hg lju x x'g uo{ df;'hgo tgt'df n}sl6s Pl;8sf] ptkfbg df;'hgo tgt'df x'g] ub{5. olb df;'df lk= Prsf] dfqf jl9 ^=$ ^=* ;Dd x'gup df;' sfnf], s8f clg ;'Vvf x'g hfg5. o:tf] cj:yfn] kz' k+lif nfdf] ;do tgfju :t epsf lyp egg] hgfp5. o:tf] df;' g t, pkef]u of]uog} dflgg5, g t s'g} ljlw k ljlwaf6 nfdf] ;do ;+ro ug{ ;lsg5. csf{ tkm{, 5f]6f] ;do t/ ctoflws tgfjdf /x]sf] kz'sf] df;', kmf]; f], g/d clg lynlyn] x'g] ub{5. o:tf] df;'sf] lk= Pr ;fdfgotdf x'g' kg] ^=@ egbf klg sd x'g5. h:n] ubf{ df;'df x'g kg] { :jefljs k f]l6gnfo{ lju lxt u/fp5. o:tf df;' hljf0f'hgo k b'if0fsf sf/0f df;'df /x]sf hljf0f'sf] ;+VofTds j[l4 u/fpg] pko'qm dfwod agg k'ub5. aw kl5, df;' sf65ff6 ul/ tof/ ubf{ jf df;'sf kl/sf/ tof/ u/l e08f/0f tyf ;+ro ubf{ df;' lju g], ljufg{ ] b'o{ k s[of k d'v dflgg5. hljf0f'hgo, tyf df;'df cjl:yt >fj k lts[ofsf sf/0f df;' :jtm lju g]. hljf0f'hgo sf/0faf6 df;' lju g]m df;' tyf df;'hgo tof/l kl/sf/ AofS6]l/of, 9'zL cgl efo{/; h:tf hljf0f' km:6fpg] ;jf] {td cf>o :yn dflgg5. df;'df x'g] olgsf] n;k;sf] >f]t, cfgb f e'8l, tyf 5fnf gsf9l tof/ kf/]sf] df;' dflgg5. s:tf] vfn] df;'df s:tf vfn] hljf0f', ljiff0f'x?sf] n;k; epsf] 5 egg] s'/f w]/} s'/fdf e/ k5{. s:tf] 7fpdf s;/l kz' k+lif kflnpsf] xf], v'nnf, 5f8f?kdf jf 8f= s]bf/ sfsl{ plrt h}ljs ;'/Iff cjndjg u/l kflnpsf] xf], aw ug]{ a]nfsf] kz'k+lifsf] pd]/, aw ubf{, leœofg; lgsfnbf, df;' sf65ff6 :jf:yo P+j ;/;kmfo{df slt ;hutf ckgfopsf], aw ubf{ df;' sf65ff6 ubf{, cgl ahf/df laqml ug{ n}hfbf tfkqmdsf] Joj:yfkg s;/l ul/psf] lyof]. laqml kl5 afgsl /x]sf] df;'nfo{ s;/l ;+ro u/l e08f/0f ul/psf] 5. s:tf] u/l df;' ;'/lift /xg] u/l KoflsË ul/psf] 5, tyf pkef]qmfn] df;' ksfpbf s] s:tf] ;fjwfgl ckgfpsf 5g, cgl tof/l affsl df;' s;/l efg;fdf ;'/lift e08f/0f u/]sf 5g egg]df e/ k5{. df;'sf] u'0f:t/ ljufg{] 9'zL k hftldf :kf]/f]6«fosd, lhof]6«fosd, k]gll;lnod Do's/, sofg l88f sfn8f]:kf]l/od ls :6f]sf]s; /f]xf]8f]6f]?nf k hftl kb{5g. To;} u/l hljf0f' hgo k hftldf ;'8f]df]gf;, dfoqmf]sf]s;, :6«]k6f]sf]s;, O;r]/]lrof, sf]n:6] «l8od tyf sf;ln; k d'v dflgg5. df;' tyf df;'hgo kl/sf/ s:tf] cj:yfdf tyf s:tf] k ljlw k of]u u/l ;+ro e08f/0f ul/psf] 5. To;} cfwf/df dfly pnn]lvt ul/psf hljf0f' dwosf] pkl:ylt b]lvg ;lsg5. ;'8f]df]gf;, df]6]s;]nf, ;fosf] Jofs6/ Ps6Lgf] Jofs6/ tyf u fd g]u]l6d ;fosf]6«f]lkms OG6]/f] Jofs6]/L;L ;dx'sf hljf0f' [x? cs;/ /]k mlh/]]6/df e08f/0f u/l ;+ro u/]sf] df;'df tyf df;'hgo kl/sf/x?df kfog5g. ;fosf]6«f]kls, n}sl6s Pl;8 Jofs6]/Lof, OG6]/f]sf]sfO dfoqmf]sf]sfo, tyf 9'zLhGo hljf0f'z? eg] tfhf jf g'g d;fnf df]n]/ ;+ro u/l /flvg] df;'df k fom h;f] kfog] u/]sf] e]l6g5. cf]6f]nfol6s OGhfOd]l6s k s[ofaf6 df;' lju g]m z/l/sf ljleggefu epsf ljljw vfn] OGhfOdx?sf] kz'aw u/]kl5 df;k]zldf x'g] kl/jlt{t s[of k s[of x'g' ;fdfgo dflgg5. o; k s[ofaf6 x'g] df+;k]zldf dflifsfdf x'g] kl/jlt{t :j?ksf sf/0f df;' lju g] ub{5. ol OGhfOdx? df;'df epsf h}jls cjoj h:t} k f]l6g, jf];f], vlghx?;+u ldl;g k'ub5 / df;'df x'g] /;folgs kl/jlt{t s[of k s[ofsf nflu ;xhstf{sf] e'ldsf v]n5g h:sf sf/0f df;' cfkm} lju g k'ub5. o;qmddf hl6n ;+/rgf epsf sfjf]{xfo8]6, k f]l6g h:tf df;'sf cjojx? ;fdfgo tyf ;fwf/0f ;+/rgfdf kl/jlt{t x'bf df;' g/d lynlyn] x'gdf ;fy} df;'sf] :jefljs k fs[lts /+u xl/of] /+u df kl/jt{g x'g5.

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($ #& ^) )=) #=! pq/ 8f]6L )=! @^=$ @(=% &=)!)=@ *& (* #% %) )=)!=% pq/!# kmfu'g @)&# b]lv!( kmfu'g @)&# ;Ddsf] df};d tyofª\s lhnnf s"n aiff{ tfkqmd-;]l06u ]8_sf]bfo/f ;fk]lifscfb {tf-ü_sf]bfo/f xfjfsf] ult xfjfsf] Go"gtd -ld ;]_sf] lbzfsf] -ld=ld_ clwstd clwstd Go"gtd s}lkmot bfo/f bfo/f df]/ª )=) @&=) #)=%!)=&!$=% &) *! #^ $% )=) %=!$ pq/ wgs'6f )=)!(=& @#=@ (=*!@=% ^^ &^ $* %* )=) )=%! blif0f bf]nvf )=) @)=) @$=)!)=)!%=) *#!)) &^ *^ sfe ]knfgrf]s )=) @$=) @&=% ^=%!!=) (*!)) *$ (% af/f )=) @^=) @(=% &=$!#=) ^# *$ $) &) pq/ lrtjg )=) @^=# @(=# &=*!!=* *) ($ $^ &% sf:sl )=) @@=% @^=*!)=%!#=$ *^ *( #@ $* )=) $=) k"j{ kfnkf )=) @)=^ @%=% &=%!!=) ^@ *% ^$ &*?kgb]xl )=) @%=^ @(=% (=)!$=) *% (^ $) %) )=) %=!$ blif0f bfë )=) @$=% @(=$ (=$!$=) %@ *^ @* $@ jf+s] )=$ @^=! #!=^ &=%!%=$ ^& (* #$ $^!=)# (=@^ klzrd pq/ ;'v] {t )=) @^=$ @(=% &=%!)=* ^) *$ #^ $% )= ^=!& klzrd h'dnf )=)!^=% @!=) - #=!_ )=$ $% ^!!$ #^ )=) $=!@ klzrd s}nfnl )=) @%=) @*=& *=*!)=% *& (! $# $& )=) @=)^ pq/ 8f]6L )=) @&=^ #)=@ &=)!)=* && (# #! $# )=) %=!$ blif0f s[lif ;Nnfx s_ df};d ljzn]if0f M ut xktfsf] ;du df};dl ljzn]if0f df]/ª M ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd #)=% ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ t #^Ü_ /Xof]. wgs'6f M ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd @#=@ ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ t $*Ü_ /Xof]. bf]nvf M ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd @$=) ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ t &^Ü_ /Xof]. sfe ]knf~rf]s M ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd @&=% ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ t *$Ü_ /Xof]. af/f M ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd #(=% ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ t $)Ü_ /Xof]. lrtjg M ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd @(=# ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ t $^Ü_ /Xof].?kGb]xL M ut xktfsf] lbpf;f]sf] tfkqmd $^) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ tf @(=%Ü_ /Xof]. sf:sl M ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd @^=* ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ t #@Ü_ /Xof]. kfnkf M ut xktfsf] lbpf;f]sf] tfkqmd @% ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ tf ^$Ü_ /Xof]. bfª\ M ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd @(=$ ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ tf @*Ü_ /Xof]. ;'v]{t M ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd @(=% ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ tf #^Ü_ /Xof]. 8f]6L M ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd #)=@ ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ tf #!Ü_ /Xof]. af+s] M ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd #!=^) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ tf #$Ü_ /Xof]. s}nfnlm ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd @*=& ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ tf $#Ü_ /Xof]. h'dnf M ut xktfsf] lbp ;f]sf] tfkqmd @!=) ) ;]ln;o; ;Dd k'uof] / Go"gtd ;fk]lifs cfb{ tf!$ü_ /Xof]. cfp+bf] xktfsf] df};d cj:yf df]/ªm ;ftfsf] clwsf+z lbgx?df clwstd tyf Go"gtd tfkqmddf s]xl a[l4 x'g] ;Defjgf 5. wgs'6fm ;ftfsf] clwsf+z lbgx?df clwstd tyf Go"gtd tfkqmddf s]xl a[l4 x'g] ;Defjgf 5. ;ftfsf] z'? tyf cgtolt/ ;fdfgo abnl eo{ xnsf aiff{ x'g] ;Defjgf b]lvg5 eg] ;ftfsf] dwolt/ df};d ;kmf /xg] b]lvg5. bf]nvf / sfe ]M ;ftfsf] clwsf+z lbgx?df clwstd tyf Go"gtd tfkqmddf s]xl a[l4 x'g] ;Defjgf 5. ;ftfsf] z'? tyf cgtolt/ ;fdfgo abnl eo{ xnsf aiff{ x'g] ;Defjgf b]lvg5 eg] ;ftfsf] dwolt/ df};d ;kmf /xg] b]lvg5. af/f, lrtjg,?kgb]xlm ;ftfsf] clwsf+z lbgx?df clwstd tyf Go"gtd tfkqmddf s]xl a[l4 x'g] ;Defjgf 5. sf:sl, kfnkfm ;ftfsf] clwsf+z lbgx?df clwstd tyf Go"gtd tfkqmddf s]xl a[l4 x'g] ;Defjgf 5. ;ftfsf] z'? tyf cgtolt/ ;fdfgo abnl eo{ xnsf aiff{ x'g] ;Defjgf b]lvg5 eg] ;ftfsf] dwolt/ df};d ;kmf /xg] b]lvg5. ;'v] {t, bfª, 8f]6LM;ftfsf] clwsf+z lbgx?df clwstd tyf Go"gtd tfkqmddf s]xl a[l4 x'g] ;Defjgf 5. ;ftfsf] z'? tyf cgtolt/ ;fdfgo abnl eo{ xnsf aiff{ x'g] ;Defjgf b]lvg5 eg] ;ftfsf] dwolt/ df};d ;kmf /xg] b]lvg5. jf+s], s}nfnlm;ftfsf] clwsf+z lbgx?df clwstd tyf Go"gtd tfkqmddf s]xl a[l4 x'g] ;Defjgf 5. ;ftfsf] z'? tyf cgtolt/ ;fdfgo abnl eo{ xnsf aiff{ x'g] ;Defjgf b]lvg5 eg] ;ftfsf] dwolt/ df};d ;kmf /xg] b]lvg5. h'dnf M;ftfsf] clwsf+z lbgx?df clwstd tyf Go"gtd tfkqmddf s]xl a[l4 x'g] ;Defjgf 5. ;ftfsf] z'? tyf cgtolt/ ;fdfgo abnl eo{ xnsf aiff{ x'g] ;Defjgf b]lvg5 eg] ;ftfsf] dwolt/ df};d ;kmf /xg] b]lvg5. afnlgfnl! r}t] wfg M ) r}t] wfgsf] a]gf{ tof/lsf] nflu t/fo{ / leql dw]zdf kmfu'g klxnf] ;ftfb]lv clgtd ;ftfleq tyf kxf8l If]qsf] nflu kmfu'gsf] bf]>f] ;ftfb]lv r}qsf] bf]>f] ;ftf;dd Aof8 /fvg] pko'qm ;do xf]. ) Aof8 agfp+bf! dl6/ rf}8fo{ / hdlg x]/l ndafo{ sfod ug{ ;lsg] tyf b'o{ Aof8 lardf $)-%) ;]= dl= -@ laqf_ sf] gfnl agfpg' kb{5. ;fwf/0ftof! s fdf wfg /f]kgsf] nflu!& ju{ dl6/ -s/lj! w'/_ /! /f]kglsf] nflu @^ ju{ dl6/sf] Aof8 agfpg' pko'qm x'g5. ) Aof8 agfpg' egbf cuf8l /fd /L kfs]sf] sdkf]i6 jf uf]a/ dn @-@=% s]= hl= k lt ju{ dl6/sf] b/n] df6f]df /fd /L ldnfpg'kb{5. ) Aof8df jlp /fvg' egbf cuf8l o'l/of $ u fd, l8=p=kl ( u fd tyf kf]6f; % u fd k lt ju{ dl6/sf] b/n] df6f]df /fd /L ldnfpg'kb{5. ) t/fo{, leql dw]z / kxf8sf a];lx? -&)) ld6/ ;Dd_ sf nflu l;kmf/l; ul/psf xlb{gfy-!, r}t]-@, r}t]-%, r}t]-^ wfgsf hftx?!=% s]=hl= k lt s f jf @=% s]= hl= k lt /f]kglsf b/n] nufpg' pko'qm x'g5. @ a;gt] ds} ) ds} afnldf ujf/f]sf]-maize borer_ k sf]k a9l epdf o;sf] Aoa:yfkg ug{sf af]km\o'/g # k ltzt hl=, # $ bfgfsf] b/n] cyjf lkmk f]lgn #% hl=,@ -bfgfsf] b/n] xftdf kghf / d'vdf df:s nufo{ ck/fgx lt/ xfjf grn]sf] ;dodf af]6sf] u'jf]df /fvg' kb{5. o;/l laiffbl /fvbfsf af{km\o'/g ^%) u fd / lkmk f]lgn %)) u fd k lt s fsf b/n] k of]u ug{'kb{5. ) laut jif{df em}f ds} afnldf km6\ofë f sl/fn] cfly{s IftL k' ofpg] epsf]n] o;sf] lgoldt cg'udg ug{' kb{5. cg'udg ubf{ olb &!@ j6f km6\ofë f sl/f k lt au{ ld6/ ds} afnldf kfopdf dfq o;n] cfly{s Iflt k' ofp5 / ljiffblsf] k of]u ug{ ' pko'qm x'g5. of] cj:yfdf k fljlwssf] ;Nnfx cg';f/ dfnflyog %)% O{=;L=, @ Pd=Pn k lt ln6/sf] b/n] 5g{' kb{5. # ux'+ ) s]xl lbg otf t/fo{sf gjnk/f;l,?kgb}xl,slkna:t', lhnffdf kmf}hl sl/fn] gf]s;fg u/]sf] kfo{{psf]n] cgo lhnnfx?df klg o; sl/fsf] lgoldt cg'udg ug'{ xf]nf. ;fy} ujf/f] sl/f nfug] ;do epsf]n] o; sl/fsf] klg v]tdf cg'udg ug'{ xf]nf. ) kmf}hl sl/fsf] k sf]k b]lvpsf Joj:yfkgsf lgdg pkfox? ckgfpg' xf]nf. kmf}hl sl/fsf] Joj:yfkgsf ljlwx? M ) sl/fsf] ;+Vof tyf Ifltsf] cffsng ug{ jo:ssf] nflu alq / km]/f]dg kf;f]sf], nfef{sf] nflu vfn8] kf;f]sf] k of]u u/]/ cg'udg ug{ ' kb{5. lj?jfsf] k ToIf cg'udg ubf{ Ps nfef{ k lt uffh b]lvg] ljlqs} tn pnn]lvt pko'qm Joj:yfkg ljlwx? PsLs[t?kdf ckgfpg' kb{5. ) v]t leq / aflx/ /x]sf emf/kft lgsfng]. ) afnl sf6]kl5 nfef{ / crn cj:yfx? dfg{sf] nflu v]tnfo{ hf]tl 7'6fx? gi6 ug] { / v]tdf @ $ lbg;dd kfgl k6folbg]. ) k sf]k b]lvpsf] If]qdf wfg kl5 a9l sl/f nfug] afnl h:t}m ux', ds}, OTofbL gnufo{ cgo jfnl nufpg]. ) nfef{x? lbp+;f] kftkltë/df n'sl a:g] epsf]n] v]tsf] jl/kl/ vfn8f] vg]/ kftkltë/n] 9fSg] / To;df hddf epsf nfef{x? ;+sng u/l dfg] {. ) v]tdf kfgl k6fp/ @ ln6/ k lt x]s6/sf b/n] dl t]n /fvg] / nfef{x?nfo{ dfg{ aff;sf] k L jf 8f]/Lsf] ;xfotfn] jf]6 xnnfo dl t]n kfgldf emfg] {. ) h}ljs ljiffblx? h:t}m Go"lSno/ kf]lnx]8«f]l;;\ efo/; -NPV_ @%) Pn=O{ k lt x]s6/, j]l;n; y'l/gh]lg;;\ -Bt_ @ u fd k lt ln6/ kfgldf ld;fo af]6 lehg] u/l ;ffemfkv :k ] ug] {, cyjf Snf]/kfOl/km;!^% O{= l;= @ Pd=Pn= k lt ln6/ kfgldf ld;fo af]6 lehg] u/l ;f+emkv :k ] ug] {, cyjf ) sl/fsf] k sf]k Hofb} epdf Snf]/kfOl/km; / ;fok/d]ly gsf] ;+ld>0f epsf] ljiffbl @ Pd=Pn k lt ln6/ kfgldf ld;fo{ af]6 lehg] u/l ;f+emkv :k ] ug] {, cyjf Odfd]lS6g a]ghf]p6 % P;=lh= )=# u fd k lt ln6/ kfgldf ld;fo{ k sf]ksf] ;dodf cfjzostf cg';f/! @ k6s :k ] ug] {. ) o:tf ljiffbl k of]u u/]sf] @ # lbg ;Dd laxfg v]tdf uo{ d/]sf nfef{x? ;+sng ul/ gi6 ug{ 'kb{5, cgoyf kz'k+ifln] vfpdf xflgsf/s x'g;s5. $ pv' ) pv' /f]kg] ;do epsf]n]sdtldf b'o{ cffvnf epsf],:j:y alp nfo{ pkrf/ u/]/ dfq /f]kg' xf]nf. alpnfo{ pkrf/ ug{!% ldg]6 Snf]/kfO{/Lkm;!^% O{=;L= -Chloropyrifos 16% EC_,@=% Pd= Pn= k tl ln6/ kfgldf 8'afpg' xf]nf. ) pv' afnl sf6] kl5 v]tdf kftx? hnfpg] rngsf] sf/0fn] o;df cfl>t lalegg nfebfos ldqhljx? gi6 ep/ hfg ;S5. g]kfn s[lif cg';gwfg kl/ifb\ -gfs{_ sf] ljlegg cwoogx?af6, g]kfndf pv' v]tx df klg pv'sf] kftsf] km8\s] sl/f -Pyrilla_ sf k/hlal sl/fx? ;fy} cgo ldq hljx? klg k z:t dfqfdf kfopsf] 5.o:tf ldqhljx? nfo{ arfpg cyjf logsf] ;+Vof v]tdf sfod /fvl /fvg, v]tdf kftx? hnfpg} kg]{ epdf ;a} v]tsf] kftx? 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s[lif Nepal's First Agriculture weekly Mar ;fktflxs @)&# 6, 2017 ;fn kmfu'g Monday @# ut] ;f]daf/ 6 IPM through improving public and environmental health Kathmandu- 4-day Asia Pacific workshop on Empowering Farmers through Integrated Pest Management Farmers Field School (IPM FFS) in Support of Sustainable Intensification of Crop Production in the context of Climate Change kicked off last monday in Kathmandu. Inaugurating the workshop, Ms Radhika Tamang, Minister of State for Agricultural Development, said that Integrated Pest Management (IPM) through Farmers Field School (FFS) has been a significant contributor in improving public and environmental health and creating awareness in the continuation of all biological entities in the communities. Reaffirming the commitment of Nepal in international conventions like FAO Code of Conduct on the distribution and use of pesticides, Rotterdam Convention, Stockholm Convention and Basel Convention, Minister of State Tamang expressed Sergey Levin, deputy minister of Russia s Ministry of Agriculture and Thani Ahmed Al Zeyoudi, Minster of Climate Change and Environment for the UAE, met last week at Gulfood, International Food and Beverage Exhibition. They main goal of the meeting was to discuss mutually beneficial cooperation in agricultural production area. the confidence that biological control will gain momentum towards achieving a sustainable and feasible approach to replace chemical pesticides. Dr Somsak Pipoppinyo, FAO Representative in Nepal and Bhutan, said that FAO support to the IPM program significantly contributed in the areas of human resource development, mainstreaming and institutionalization of IPM and FFS program in the country. Dr Piao Yongfan, Senior Plant Protection Office of FAO Asia Pacific Region Office at Bangkok, said that FFS has been a successful approach to enhance the skill and capacity of the farming community. Speaking from the chair, Dr Suroj Pokhrel, Secretary of Ministry of Agricultural development, hoped that the workshop will be successful to find a way-out to address the emerging challenge like climate change and conservation of pollinators. He said that the IPM tool Russia expressed its willingness to restore the trade turnover between countries, has been successfully adopted in the government extension and education system. Dila Ram Bhandari, Director-General of the Department of Agriculture, Dr Dilli Ram Sharma, Director of Plant Protection Directorate extended their best wishes for successful completion of the workshop. 29 experts from Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Viet Nam are participating in the workshop. Experts from the participating countries are scheduled to make presentations on IPM-FFS and empowerment work in support of Sustainable Intensification of Crop Production in the context of Climate Change, showcasing relevant IPM- FFS work on Climate Change mitigation and adaptation and submission of a country paper on the updated status of IPM in the workshop. Interpretationtranslation training held successfully Kathmandu : A two day skill development training on interpretation and translation organized by La via Campesina (LVC-international peasant movement) along with All Nepal Peasants Federation (ANPFa) in cooperation with Solidarity Interpretation group successfully held in Kathmandu. The program was attended by around 20 trainees volunteers who were part of the various CSOs and social movements especially working on the issue of peasantry and agriculture. Data Ram Khanal-secretary of ANPFa in his inauguration speech shared the situation of agriculture and peasantry in Nepal. Mr. Pramesh Pokharel, youth peasant leader and secretary of foreign affairs of ANPFa highlighted the significance and value of interpretation to consolidate the local movement and link with global movement. He said that, we want more volunteers to help the movements through their professional skills to uphold the spirit of saying there is no internationalization of movement without interpretation and no revolution without interpreters. I hope that this skill will help our farmers to be updated with what's happening around the world and to carry our voices to the larger audiences. Honorable Shanta Manavi, former minister for livestock development shared her experience on how interpreters do their jobs and how she was able to take the responsibility of ICC member of La Via Campesina with the help of interpreters. She also spoke about the importance of confidence, expression and reflexivity for the interpreters. Trainers representing various movements of students, youths, women, Dalits, indigenous groups including progressive likeminded NGOs/CSOs were present in the program. The training was also fruitful to develop skills of memorizing, note taking, confidence building and developing the skill of public speaking-one of the participants from NGO Federation of Nepal said. Katie Whiddon, who was the trainer from Spain also made a presentation on conceptual and methodological issues of interpretation. Russia will supply honey and eggs to the UAE which, in these last days, decreased almost 1,5 time. The range of the products delivered by Russia s companies to the UAE may also increase with milk, meat and grain in the nearest future, says Mr. Levin. The parties have discussed potential interest of the UAE companies to invest in Russia s agricultural sector. Russian deputy minister of Agricultural department suggested locating the UAE production facilities in Russia and delivering the goods produced there to local, the UAE and international markets. The countries also agreed to deliver Russian honey, eggs and derivatives to the emirates. According to the agreement, any company certified by Russian Federal Veterinary Service can supply its products to the UAE market.

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Pp6f ;]jf s]gb n ^ j6f;dd uflj; x] g ' { kg] { epsfn] k fljlws ;]jf kfog eg]/ egg' egbf klg ls;fgx?nfo{ ;d:of kgf{ ;fy cfkm"nfo{ kfos kg]{ ;]jf s]gb jf lhnnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{nodf cfpsf] a]nfdf cfkm";+u ;DjlGwt ;d:of /fvg' eof] eg] xfdln] tl ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ ttk/ 5f}+. lw/]gb a:g]t x/]s sfof{non] cfkm\gf sfo{qmd clgjfo{?kdf ;fj{hlglss/0f u/]sf] x'g'kb{5. gful/sn] sfo{qmdsf] af/]df hfgsf/l kfpg' p;sf] clwsf/ xf]. kz' ;]jfsf nflu :yflkt epsf sfof{nox?af6 ;~rflnt sfo{qmdsf af/]df rf;f] lng] u/f} +. hglxtsf nflu kz' ;]jf ljefu / s[lif ;fktflxs Contact: Ph:+ 977-01-5538748,9851066977 Fax: + 977-01-5534428 Email: nafseeds@gmail.com /www.nafseed.com xa a f]8sfl:6ª\ k f=ln=åf/f k sflzt, sfof{nom afuahf/, kmf]g g+m (*%!)%($%%,kf]=j=g+=m$#!@, O{ d]nm sajnepal@gmail.com, d'b 0fM Zj]tsfnL 5fkfvfgf, sfo{sf/l ;Dkfbs M of]u]gb k tfk zfxl ;DkfbsM j}s'07 e08f/l