DNW SURVEY 2015 BY AREA

DNW SURVEY 2015 BY AREA

Plant Survey 2015 After last year s Plant Survey, Sue Hayes and I decided that the zoning by Compartments wasn t very easy to use: we often weren t sure where the boundaries lay between Compartments and didn t know where we (or the plants) were. So - - - We re-zoned the whole Reserve, mostly using the paths as boundaries. There are now 14 Areas grouped broadly into Meadows, Wet Areas and Woods. Please see attached map. Inevitably of course, the meadows have woods or shaws on the boundaries and the woods have wet areas or open glades/ woodland edges etc. But at least we now know where we are and what plants are where. In 2014, we identified some 196 species. This year we are up to 288 and there are 336 species on the list. The Plant Survey is attached. Some plants we haven t seen this year ( musk mallow, honesty), others have re-appeared (bee-orchid) and some of the new species are because we ve finally noticed them when they were right in front of our noses (eared willow) -- or more often because we ve become a little more knowledgeable (e.g. grasses after the Orpington Field Club memorial course on grasses in July). Things we have noticed: More clumps of sweet violets Expanding badger territories The bee orchids back again (Yippee!) Yellow pimpernel thanks to Pat. Red Oaks with points on the leaves and smooth bark with Buddha eyes. Sessile Oaks finally found several more than the little one near central railings. Marsh thistles both white and purple. Occasional white (albino?) red bartsia. Occasional white hardheads/knapweed. Lots of apple trees in Tennis Wood. Wild pear trees. Eared Willow a large patch that has clearly been there for many years, unnoticed till it hung in front of my nose when studying the bindweed climbing over it. Osier also not apparent till it was toppled by the wind, closer to the ground. Lime trees several in the Triangle, not noticed before. Quite a lot of sweet briar/ Eglantine rose: it s not all dog rose, though they hybridise too! Soft rush in two separate places (Unfortunately) expanding branched bur-reed. (Unfortunately) expanding amphibious bistort. Several garden escapes which are not particularly invasive: mahonia, cotoneaster, firethorn, hellebores, cyclamen, daffodils, snowdrops, gooseberry, montbretia. Our very grateful thanks are due especially to Judy John who has been the final arbiter of identification and to the members of the Thursday work party who have contributed to our lists by acting as extra pairs of eyes. Christine Wallace 11/11/2015

102 Buttercup Creeping Buttercup Ranunculus repens 102 Meadow Buttercup Ranunculus acris 102 Bulbous Buttercup Ranunculus bulbosus 102 Goldilocks Buttercup Ranunculus auricomus 102 Lesser Celandine Ranunculus ficaria 104 Lesser Spearwort Ranunculus flammula 104 Marsh marigold Caltha palustris 108 Wood Anemone Anemone nemorosa 110 Traveller s-joy Clematis vitalba 113 Barberry Oregon-grape Mahonia aquifolium 121 Nettle Common Nettle Urtica dioica 132 Goosefoot Many-seeded Goosefoot Chenopodium polyspermum 135 Spear-leaved Orache Atriplex prostrata 150 Campion Common Chickweed Stellaria media 150 Greater Stitchwort Stellaria holostea 150 Lesser Stitchwort Stellaria graminea 152 Common Mouse-ear Cerastium fontanum 154 Three-nerved Sandwort Moehringia trinervia 163 Dock Wood Dock Rumex sanguineus 164 Broad-leaved Dock Rumex obtusifolius 164 Curled Dock Rumex crispus 164 Greek Dock Rumex cristatus 166 Common Sorrel Rumex acetosa 166 Knotgrass Polygonum aviculare 168 Amphibious Bistort Polygonum amphibian 170 Japanese Knotweed Fallopia japonica 176 St John s-wort Perforate St John s-wort Hypericum perforatum 176 Hairy St John s-wort Hypericum hirsutum 176 Tutsan Hypericum androsaemum 180 Mallow Common Mallow Malva sylvestris 180 Musk-mallow Malva moschata 188 Violet Sweet Violet Viola odorata

186 Early Dog-violet Viola reichenbachia 186 Common Dog-violet Viola riviniana 202 Cabbage/ Crucifer Hedge Mustard Sisymbrium officinale 202 Wild Radish Raphanus raphanistrum 208 Honesty Lunaria annua 210 Lady s-smock Cardamine pratensis 210 Wavy Bitter-cress Cardamine flexuosa 210 Large Bitter-cress Cardamine amara 210 Water-cress Rorippa nasturtium 212 Garlic Mustard Alliaria petiolata 216 Shepherd s-purse Capsella bursa-pastoris 232 Primrose Cowslip Primula veris 232 Cyclamen Cyclamen hederifolium 234 Yellow pimpernel Lysimachia nemorum 234 Scarlet pimpernel Anagallis arvensis 236 Currant Red Currant Ribes rubrum 237 Gooseberry Ribes uva-crispa 242 Saxifrage Meadow saxifrage Saxifraga granulata 252 Rose Wall Cotoneaster Cotoneaster horizontalis 252 Garden Cotoneaster 254 Field-rose Rosa arvensis 256 Sweet-briar/ Eglantine Rosa rubiginosa 256 Dog-rose Rosa canina Dog-rose/Eglant hybrid 256 Bramble Rubus fruticosus 256 Raspberry Rubus idaeus 259 Creeping cinquefoil Potentilla reptans 260 Barren Strawberry Potentilla sterilis 260 Wild Strawberry Fragaria vesca 262 Agrimony Agrimonia eupatoria 264 Salad Burnet Sanguisorba minor

264 Fodder Burnet Sanguisorba minor ssp muricata 264 Great Burnet Sanguisorba officinalis 264 Meadowsweet Filipendula ulmaria 264 Wood Avens aka Geum urbanum Herb Bennet 274 Pea Red Clover Trifolium pratense 274 White Clover Trifolium repens 276 Hop Trefoil Trifolium campestre 276 Lesser Trefoil Trifolium dubium 282 Tufted Vetch Vicia cracca 282 Bush Vetch Vicia sepium 282 Common Vetch Vicia sativa 282 Hairy Tare Vicia hirsuta 282 Smooth Tare Vicia tetrasperma 284 Meadow Vetchling Lathyrus pratensis 284 Grass Vetchling Lathyrus nissolia 288 Tall Melilot Melilotus altissimus 289 Black Medick Medicago lupulina 290 Spotted Medick Medicago Arabica 290 Common Bird s- foottrefoil Lotus corniculatus 298 Broad-lved Willowherb Epilobium montanum 298 American Willowherb Epilobium ciliatum 298 Willowherb Great Willowherb Epilobium hirsutum 298 Hoary Willowherb Epilobium parviflorum 300 Rosebay Willowherb Chamerion augustifolium 300 Enchanter s Nightshade Circaea lutetiana 307 Spurge Wood Spurge Euphorbia amygdaloides 308 Sun Spurge Euphorbia helioscopia 308 Petty Spurge Euphorbia peplus 310 Dog s Mercury Mercurialis perennis 317 Wood Sorrel Wood Sorrel Oxalis acetosella

319 Geranium Herb-Robert Geranium robertianum 319 Long-stalked Crane s-bill Geranium columbinum 320 Small-flowrd Crane s-bill Geranium pusillum 320 Dove s-foot Crane s-bill Geranium molle 320 Cut-leaved Crane s-bill Geranium dissectum 324 Ivy Ivy Hedera helix 329 Carrot Cow Parsley Anthriscus sylvestris 330 Hedge Parsley Torilis japonica 330 Pignut Conopodium majus 334 Ground Elder Aegopodium podagraria 336 Wild Angelica Angelica sylvestris 336 Hogweed Heracleum sphondylium 338 Alexanders Smyrnium olusatrum 336 Sanicle Sanicula europaea 342 Corky-fruited Waterdropwort Oenanthe pimpinelloides 346 Wild Carrot Daucus carota 352 Nightshade Woody Nightshade Solanum dulcamara 352 Periwinkle Lesser Periwinkle Vinca minor 352 Greater Periwinkle Vinca major 354 Bindweed Field Bindweed Convolvulus arvensis Hedge Bindweed Calystegia sepium 354 Large Bindweed Calystegia silvatica 360 Borage Wood Forget-me-not Myosotis sylvatica 360 Field Forget-me-not Myosotis arvensis 362 Green Alkanet Pentaglottis sempervirens 364 Russian Comfrey Symphytum uplandicum 364 Abraham-Isaac-Jacob Trachystemon orientalis 370 Dead-Nettle Water Mint Mentha aquatica 372 Red Dead-nettle Lamium purpureum 372 White Dead-nettle Lamium album

374 Yellow Archangel Lamiastrum galeobdolon Variegated Yellow Archan L. galeobd. ssp. argentatum 378 Ground-ivy Glechoma hederacea 379 Hedge Woundwort Stachys sylvatica 380 Black Horehound Ballota nigra 380 Selfheal Prunella vulgaris 382 Bugle Ajuga reptans 386 Waterstarwort Commn Water-starwort Callitriche stagnalis 387 Plantain Ribwort Plantain Plantago lanceolata 387 Greater Plantain Plantago major 390 Olive Wild Privet Ligustrum vulgare 390 Garden Privet Ligustrum ovalifolium 394 Figwort Common Figwort Scrophularia nodosa 394 Water Figwort Scrophularia auriculata 400 Germander Speedwell Veronica chamaedrys 400 Wood Speedwell Veronica montana 400 Thyme-leaved Speedwell Veronica serpyllifolia 400 Heath Speedwell Veronica officinalis 402 Brooklime Veronica beccabunga 402 Commn Field Speedwell Veronica persica 402 Slender Speedwell Veronica filiformis 402 Ivy-leaved Speedwell Veronica hederifolia 405 Red Bartsia Odontites vernus 407 Yellow Rattle Rhinanthus minor 407 Greater Yellow Rattle Rhinanthus augustifolius 414 Bellflower Nettle-leaved Bellflower Campanula trachelium 419 Bedstraw Hedge Bedstraw Galium mollugo 420 Cleavers/Goose Grass Galium aparine 422 Crosswort Galium cruciata 422 Lady s Bedstraw Galium verum 424 Honeysuckle Honeysuckle Lonicera periclymenum

426 Shrubby Honeysuckle Lonicera nitida 426 Snowberry Symphoricarpos albus 428 Valerian Common Valerian Valeriana officinalis 440 Daisy Common Ragwort Senecio jacobaea 440 Hoary Ragwort Senecio erucifolius 440 Oxford Ragwort Senecio squalidus 440 Groundsel Senecio vulgaris 444 Common Fleabane Pulicaria dysenterica 447 Guernsey Fleabane Conyza sumatrensis 448 Oxeye Daisy Leucanthemem vulgare 450 Daisy Bellis perennis 450 Colt s-foot Tussilago farfara 452 Yarrow Achillea millefolium 455 Scentless Mayweed Tripleurospermum inodorum 455 Pineapple Mayweed Matricaria discoidea 456 Mugwort Artemisia vulgaris 463 Spear Thistle Cirsium vulgare 463 Marsh Thistle Cirsium palustre 463 Creeping Thistle Cirsium arvense 466 Common Knapweed Centaurea debeauxii 468 Lesser Burdock Arctium minus 470 Dandelion Taraxacum spp 470 Jack-go-to-bed-at-noon Tragopogon pratensis or Goat s-beard 473 Nipplewort Lapsana communis 474 Cat s-ear Hypochaeris radicata 474 Rough Hawkbit Leontodon hispidus 474 Autumn Hawkbit Leontodon autumnalis 476 Beaked Hawk s-beard Crepis vesicaria 477 Rough Hawk s-beard Crepis biennis 477 Smooth Hawk s-beard Crepis capillaris 478 Bristly Oxtongue Picris hieracioides

480 Perennial Sow-thistle Sonchus arvensis 480 Smooth Sow-thistle Sonchus oleraceus 480 Prickly Sow-thistle Sonchus asper 484 Waterplantain Water-plantain Alisma plantago 496 Arum Cuckoo-pint Arum maculatum 496 Italian Lords-and Ladies Arum italicum 498 Duckweed Common Duckweed Lemna minor 500 Bur-reed Branched Bur-reed Sparganium erectum 506 Lily Butcher s-broom Ruscus aculeatus 510 Bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta 510 Hybrid Bluebell Hyacinthoides x massartiana 510 Spanish Bluebell Hyacinthoides hispanica 515 Ramsons/Wild Garlic Allium ursinum 515 Three-cornered Garlic Allium triquetrum 516 Daffodil Narcissus pseudonarcissus 516 Snowdrop Galanthus nivalis 518 Iris Yellow iris Iris pseudocorus 518 Stinking Iris Iris foetidissima 518 Montbretia Crocosmia x crocosmiiflora 520 Spring Crocus Crocus vernus 520 Yam Black Bryony Tamus communis 535 Orchid Early-purple Orchid Orchis mascula 536 Pyramidal Orchid Anacamptis pyramidalis 542 Commn Spotted Orchid Dactylorhiza fuchsii 545 Bee Orchid Ophrys apifera TREES 120 Elm English Elm Ulmus procera 123 Walnut Walnut Juglans regia 124 Beech English/Pedunculate Oak Quercus robur 124 Sessile Oak Quercus petraea 124 Red Oak Quercus rubra

124 Holm/Evergreen Oak Quercus ilex 124 Sweet Chestnut Castanea sativa 124 Beech Fagus sylvatica 124 Copper Beech Fagus sylvatica f purpurea 126 Birch Hornbeam Carpinus betulus 126 Hazel Corylus avellana 126 Alder Alnus glutinosa 126 Italian Alder Alnus cordata 128 Downy Birch Betula pubescens 128 Silver Birch Betula pendula 128 Silver/Downy Birch hybr Betula x aurata 179 Lime Common Lime Tilia x vulgaris / europaea 192 Willow White willow Salix alba 192 Crack-willow Salix fragilis 192 Osier Salix viminalis 193 Goat/Pussy Willow Salix caprea 193 Eared Willow Salix aurita 194 Aspen Populus tremula 194 Grey Poplar Populus x canescens 194 White Poplar Populus alba 248 Rose Rowan Sorbus aucuparia 249 Common Whitebeam Sorbus aria 249 Swedish Whitebeam Sorbus intermedia 249 Wild Cherry Prunus avium 249 Blackthorn aka Sloe Prunus spinosa 249 Wild Plum Prunus domestica 249 Cherry Plum Prunus cerasifera 250 Cherry Laurel Prunus laurocerasus 250 Portuguese Laurel Prunus lusitanica 250 Pear Pyrus communis sensu latu 250 Crab apple Malus sylvestris 250 Apple (garden) Malus domestica

250 Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna 250 Midland Hawthorn Crataegus laevigata 250 Hawthorn hybrid Crataegus media 302 Dogwood Dogwood Cornus sanguinea 304 Spindle Spindle Euonymus europaeus 305 Holly Holly Ilex aquifolium 315 Horsechstnut Horse-chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum 316 Maple Field Maple Acer campestre 316 Sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus 316 Norway Maple Acer platanoides 390 Olive Ash Fraxinus excelsior Cultivated Ash??? 424 Honeysuckle Elder Sambucus nigra 424 Guelder-rose Viburnum opulus Garden Snowball Tree Viburnum opulus Sterile Garden Viburnum Viburnum plicatum 424 Wayfaring Tree Viburnum lantana 50 Pine Scots Pine Pinus sylvestris 50,67 Yew Yew Taxus baccata GRASSES F140 Giant Fescue Festuca gigantea F141 Red Fescue Festuca rubra F141 Perennial Rye-grass Lolium perenne F142 Annual Meadow Grass Poa annua F142 Rough Meadow Grass Poa trivialis F142 Smooth Meadow Grass Poa pratensis F142 Cock s-foot Dactylis glomerata F143 Crested Dog s-tail Cynosurus cristatus F143 Wood Melick Melica uniflora

F144 Hairy Brome Bromus ramosus F144 Soft Brome Bromus hordeaceus F144 False Brome Brachypodium sylvaticum F144 Bearded Couch Grass Elymus caninus F144 Common Couch Grass Elymus repens F145 Wall Barley Hordeum murinum F144 Meadow Barley Hordeum secalinum F145 False Oat Grass Arrhenatherum elatius F146 Tufted Hair-grass Deschampsia cespitosa F146 Sweet Vernal Grass Anthoxanthum odoratum F146 Yorkshire Fog Holcus lanatus F147 Common Bent Agrostis capillaris F147 Creeping/White Bent Agrostis stolonifera F147 Timothy Phleum pratense Catstail Phleum bertolonii F147 Meadow Foxtail Alopecurus pratensis F148 Wood Millet Milium effusum OTHER F127 Soft Rush Juncus effusus F128 Hairy Wood-rush Luzula pilosa F128 Field Wood-rush Luzula campestris F138 Pendulous Sedge Carex pendula F138 Wood Sedge Carex sylvatica F140 Remote Sedge Carex remota ---- Horsetail Equisetum arvense A41 Hart s Tongue Fern Asplenium scolopendrium A67 Soft Shield Fern Polystichum setiferum

A76 Common Male Fern Dryopteris filix-mas A80 Broad Buckler Fern Dryopteris dilatata A83 Bracken Pteridium aquilinum