Phytophthora tentaculata detections in California native plant nurseries and restoration sites Suzanne Rooney Latham & Cheryl Blomquist, California Department of Food & Agriculture; Tedmund Swiecki & Elizabeth Bernhardt, Phytosphere Research; Ellen Natesan, San Francisco Public Utilities Commission; Susan Frankel, USDA FS, Pacific Southwest Research Stn, Albany.
Phytophthora tentaculata detections in California native plant nurseries and restoration sites Outline 1) First detections of Phytophthora tentaculata - New to USA. The state of this puzzle. 2) Other Phytophthora species detections at native plant nurseries & restoration sites. 3) Threats to endangered plant species. 4) Do we need to rethink restoration practices?
Phytophthora tentaculata in native plant nurseries and restoration sites Mimulus, Sticky monkey flower CDFA; NPS Q bank
Phytophthora tentaculata First detected in Monterey Co. 2012 on Diplacus aurantiacus Latham, CDFA
Phytophthora tentaculata: Second detection 2014 in a restoration site in Alameda Co. Diplacus aurantiacus (sticky monkey flower aka Mimulus) and Heteromeles arbutifolia (toyon) Latham, CDFA
Phytophthora tentaculata Native Plant Nursery Detections Detected in 2014 in three additional nurseries in: Placer Co. (Frangula californica, coffeeberry) Butte Co. (Diplacus aurantiacus and Salvia sp.) Santa Cruz Co. (Diplacus aurantiacus)
Phytophthora tentaculata on native plant nursery stock Photos: Latham, CDFA
Detected later in 2014 in another restoration site in Monterey Co. on Diplacus aurantiacus Credit: Latham, CDFA
Infected Healthy Photos: Latham, Blomquist, CDFA
Where do dirty nursery pots go? Janice Alexander, UC Cooperative Extension Marin Co.
Phytophthora hosts Natives Carex barbarae, Santa Barbara sedge California Coffee Berry, Frangula californica Flowers of Marin CNPS Toyon, Heteromeles arbutifolia The Watershed Nursery NPS Californianativeflora Juncus spp, rushes Sticky monkey flower, Diplacus aurantiacus subsp. aurantiacus (formerly Mimulus aurantiacus) Sage, Salvia Las Pilitas Nursery
Uncommon or new to California -P. tentaculata, -P. quercetorum, -P. inundata, -P. plurivora, P. niederhauserii Common in CA -P. cactorum, -P. cambivora, -P. cryptogea, -P. megasperma, -P. gonapodyides. Photos: Phytosphere Research
At least 18 different species of Phytophthora were detected: P. cactorum (8 different hosts) P. cactorum-like P. tentaculata P. cambivora P. hedraiandra P. inundata P. multivora P. megasperma P. megasperma-like P. quercetorum P. undulatum Phytophthora taxon Pg chlamydo P. cryptogea P. nicotianae P. niederhauserii Photos: Widmer, T. L. 2010. P. pini Plant Health Progress -2010- P. dreschleri 0317-01-RS P. plurivora Phytophthora gonapodyoides Phytophthora sp. Clade 6 Credit: Latham, CDFA P. cactorum P. cambivora
San Francisco s water supply comes from Yosemite Distance: 167 miles (269 km) 1910 Credits: SFPUC
SFPUC $86 million Construction 2011 2016 19 sites. SFPUC SFPUC Phytosphere Research
- Santa Clara Valley Water District Flood control Guadalupe River near San Jose Credit: Santa Clara Valley Water District
Endangered species Ceanothus ferrisiae, Rhamnaceae - Coyote ceanothus, California lilac Phytophthora cactorum Plant is endemic to Santa Clara County, CA. 6000 individuals remaining in 5 occurrences. Photos: J. Hillman, SCVWD; Phytosphere Research
Phytosphere Research
Acknowledgements Thanks to my co-authors and to Matteo Garbelotto, Doug Schmidt, Catherine Eyre & Melina Kozanitas UC Berkeley. Funding provided by: San Francisco Public Utilities Commission; USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station; USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, Washington DC; California Department of Food and Agriculture. For more info: www.suddenoakdeath.org