Core Knowledge Strands of Progression: History A: People and Places Long Ago Year One Year Two Year Three Ice Age, Stone Age, Bronze Age And Iron Age Teachers: The descriptions of the Ice Age, Stone Age, Bronze Age and Iron Age exemplify how long periods of human development are often described by reference to single, defining characteristics. The arrival of the Romans in Britain allowed the development of written history, because the Romans brought with them the skill of literacy. Identify the defining characteristics and broad chronology of the periods of the Ice Age, Stone Age, Bronze Age and Iron Age. Understand the importance of reading and writing for communicating ideas and information. Imagine what life would be like if it was not possible to read or write. Ancient Egypt Terms: archaeology, archaeologist, fertile Geography Identify the African continent on a map or globe. Understand the climate in Africa and its influence on vegetation, particularly in the Sahara Desert [Cross-curricular connection with Science Year 2] Understand the importance of the Nile River, floods and farming Identify key pharaohs Rameses II Amenhotep Tutankhamen [Cross-curricular connection with Visual Arts Year 2] Hatshepsut, woman pharaoh Akhenaten and Queen Nefertiti [Crosscurricular connection with Visual Arts Year 2] Identify key features in the Ancient Egyptian culture and religion Pyramids Mummies Great Sphinx Ancient Greece Teachers: This ancient civilisation forms an important foundation of Western culture. Encourage children to see how the politics, philosophies and myths of this civilisation have had a huge impact, even today. Explain how the city-states of Ancient Greece provided the earliest examples of the ideas of citizenship and democracy. [Cross-curricular connections with Language and Literature: Year 3] Terms: democracy, tyrant, philosopher, Olympic Games, Paralympic Games, Spartan Recognise important features in Ancient Greek geography Mediterranean Sea, Aegean Sea, Crete Become familiar with Sparta and its
Understand the difference between prehistory and written history. Animal gods Hieroglyphic writing Mesopotamia: The Cradle Of Civilisation Understand the importance of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in Mesopotamia Identify key features in the Ancient Mesopotamian culture and religion Cuneiform writing: understand why writing is important to the development of civilization Ziggurat temples Babylon city The Gate of Ishtar Become familiar with the Code of Hammurabi (early code of laws) Understand why rules and laws are important to the development of civilisation warrior culture Understand the importance of Athens as a city-state Athenian democracy Become familiar with the Persian Wars Marathon and Thermopylae Recognise the origin of the Olympic Games in Ancient Greece. Become familiar with Ancient Greek religion Worship of many gods and goddesses Zeus, Poseidon, Hades, Athena, Hara, Apollo, Artemis, Aphrodite, Ares, Hermes, Hephaestus Identify great thinkers from Ancient Greece Socrates, Plato, Aristotle Become familiar with Alexander the Great Growth of Hellenistic influence Gordion knot
Year Four Year Five Year Six (See Clashes and Conflicts) Teachers: Remind children of what has been learnt about Chinese geography and civilisation in Year 3. Build on this knowledge to explain the hugely powerful and influential Chinese dynasties and how new invaders vied for supremacy. Use concepts such as the Silk Road to explain how trade connected and influenced a variety of cultures and civilisations throughout Asia, Africa and Europe China: Dynasties And Conquerors Qin Shihuangdi, First Emperor (Ruled From 221 Bc until his death In 210 BC) Begins construction of Great Wall, 220 BC Han Dynasty (206 BC 220 CE) Trade in silk and spices The Silk Road; invention of paper Tang (618 907) and Song Dynasties Highly developed civilisation Extensive trade Important inventions (including compass, gunpowder, paper money) Mongol Invasions And Rule (13th Century) Chinggis Khan and the Golden Horde Khubilai Khan: establishes capital at what is Teachers: Encourage students to think about the variety of ways in which the Renaissance and the Reformation changed European civilisation and how developments in this period underpinned the modern world. Emphasise the importance of printing and literacy, new political philosophies, and scientific discoveries. The Renaissance And The Reformation The Renaissance Islamic scholars translate Greek works and so help preserve classical civilisation. A rebirth of ideas from ancient Greece and Rome New trade and new wealth Italian city states: Venice, Florence, Rome Patrons of the arts and learning The Medici Family and Florence The Popes and Rome Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo Renaissance ideals and values as embodied in
now Beijing Marco Polo Ming Dynasty (1368 1644) The Forbidden City Explorations of Zheng He African History Early African Kingdoms Kush (in a region also called Nubia) Once ruled by Egypt, then became rulers of Egypt Aksum (also spelled Axum) A trading kingdom in what is now Ethiopia Medieval Kingdoms of the Sudan Trans-Sahara trade led to a succession of flourishing kingdoms; Ghana, Mali, and Songhai Camel caravans; Trade in gold, iron, salt, ivory, and slaves The city of Timbuktu; Centre of trade and learning Spread of Islam into West Africa through merchants and travellers, Ibn Batuta (also spelled Battutah, Batuta), world traveller and geographer Mali: Sundiata Keita, Mansa Musa Songhai: Askia Muhammad The Courtier by Castiglione: the Renaissance man The Prince by Machiavelli: realworld politics The Reformation Gutenberg s printing press: the Bible made widely available The Protestant Reformation Martin Luther and the 95 Theses John Calvin The Counter-Reformation Copernicus and Galileo: Conflicts between science and the church Ptolemaic (earth-centered) vs. suncentered models of the universe Teachers: Explain how British influence and control expanded across the globe. Initially based on the expansion of trade, the British Empire developed into a colonial empire that held territory across Africa, the Indian subcontinent and Australia. Discuss the motivations for forming and maintaining a global empire, as well as the consequences for the native populations. Discuss the development of nationalism and national selfdetermination
Growth of British Empire Early exploration and trade Plantation of Ireland East India Company Americas Caribbean colonies; Barbados; Jamaica; Bahamas Jamestown 1607; colony of Virginia (see Year 2) Foundation of the Thirteen Colonies James Cook discovers Australia in 1770 Establishment of penal settlement; convict transportation Australian colonies valuable for wool and gold East India Company (EIC) Trading outposts on Indian subcontinent Growth in power and decline of Mughal rulers British influence across Asia through the EIC and Royal Navy Indian Rebellion of 1857 Indian soldiers mutiny: long-term grievances and issue of tallowgreased cartridges Siege of Delhi; Skirmishes at Cawnpore and Lucknow
British retaliation Massacre of Delhi British Raj End of the British East India Company British Crown takes control; Government of India Act 1858 Queen Victoria crowned Empress of India Scramble For Africa British colonial rule Ghana Sudan South Africa