Famil: Rubiaceae Taxo: Ixora pavetta Som: Ixora arborea Roxb. ex Sm. Ixora parviflora Vahl Commo Name: small-flowered ixora torch tree torchwood Questioaire : curret 20090513 Status: Assessor Approved Assessor: Patti Clifford Desigatio: EVALUATE Data Etr Perso: Patti Clifford WRA Score 1 101 Is the species highl domesticated? =-3, =0 102 Has the species become aturalized where grow? =1, =-1 103 Does the species have weed races? =1, =-1 201 Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If islad is primaril wet habitat, the (0-low; 1-itermediate; 2- substitute "wet tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" high) (See Appedix 2) 202 Qualit of climate match data (0-low; 1-itermediate; 2- High high) (See Appedix 2) 203 Broad climate suitabilit (evirometal versatilit) =1, =0 204 Native or aturalized i regios with tropical or subtropical climates =1, =0 205 Does the species have a histor of repeated itroductios outside its atural rage? =-2,?=-1, =0 301 Naturalized beod ative rage = 1*multiplier (see Appedix 2), = questio 205 302 Garde/ameit/disturbace weed =0, = 1*multiplier (see Appedix 2) 303 Agricultural/forestr/horticultural weed =0, = 2*multiplier (see Appedix 2) 304 Evirometal weed =0, = 2*multiplier (see Appedix 2) 305 Cogeeric weed =0, = 1*multiplier (see Appedix 2) 401 Produces spies, thors or burrs =1, =0 402 Allelopathic =1, =0 403 Parasitic =1, =0 404 Upalatable to grazig aimals =1, =-1 405 Toxic to aimals =1, =0 406 Host for recogized pests ad pathoges =1, =0 407 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humas =1, =0 408 Creates a fire hazard i atural ecosstems =1, =0 409 Is a shade tolerat plat at some stage of its life ccle =1, =0 410 Tolerates a wide rage of soil coditios (or limestoe coditios if ot a volcaic islad) =1, =0 Prit Date: 6/14/2012 Ixora pavetta (Rubiaceae) Page 1 of 5
411 Climbig or smotherig growth habit =1, =0 412 Forms dese thickets =1, =0 501 Aquatic =5, =0 502 Grass =1, =0 503 Nitroge fixig wood plat =1, =0 504 Geophte (herbaceous with udergroud storage orgas -- bulbs, corms, or tubers) =1, =0 601 Evidece of substatial reproductive failure i ative habitat =1, =0 602 Produces viable seed =1, =-1 603 Hbridizes aturall =1, =-1 604 Self-compatible or apomictic =1, =-1 605 Requires specialist polliators =-1, =0 606 Reproductio b vegetative fragmetatio =1, =-1 607 Miimum geerative time (ears) 1 ear = 1, 2 or 3 ears = 0, 4+ ears = -1 701 Propagules likel to be dispersed uitetioall (plats growig i heavil trafficked =1, =-1 areas) 702 Propagules dispersed itetioall b people =1, =-1 703 Propagules likel to disperse as a produce cotamiat =1, =-1 704 Propagules adapted to wid dispersal =1, =-1 705 Propagules water dispersed =1, =-1 706 Propagules bird dispersed =1, =-1 707 Propagules dispersed b other aimals (exterall) =1, =-1 708 Propagules survive passage through the gut =1, =-1 801 Prolific seed productio (>1000/m2) =1, =-1 802 Evidece that a persistet propagule bak is formed (>1 r) =1, =-1 803 Well cotrolled b herbicides =-1, =1 804 Tolerates, or beefits from, mutilatio, cultivatio, or fire =1, =-1 805 Effective atural eemies preset locall (e.g. itroduced biocotrol agets) =-1, =1 Desigatio: EVALUATE WRA Score 1 Prit Date: 6/14/2012 Ixora pavetta (Rubiaceae) Page 2 of 5
Supportig Data: 101 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Is the species highl domesticated? No] No evidece of domesticatio that reduces ivasive traits. 102 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Has the species become aturalized where grow? NA] 103 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Does the species have weed races? NA] 201 2012. Nazimuddi, S./Qaiser, M.. Flora of Pakista - Rubiaceae. www.efloras.org, http://www.efloras.org/florataxo.aspx?flora_id=5 &taxo_id=242423581 202 2012. Nazimuddi, S./Qaiser, M.. Flora of Pakista - Rubiaceae. www.efloras.org, http://www.efloras.org/florataxo.aspx?flora_id=5 &taxo_id=242423581 [Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If islad is primaril wet habitat, the substitute "wet tropical" for "tropical or subtropical"?] Native distributio Idia; Bagla Desh; Celo; Pakista. [Qualit of climate match data? 2 - high] Native distributio Idia; Bagla Desh; Celo; Pakista. 203 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Broad climate suitabilit (evirometal versatilit)? No] USDA hardiess zoes: 8-10. 204 2012. Nazimuddi, S./Qaiser, M.. Flora of Pakista - Rubiaceae. www.efloras.org, http://www.efloras.org/florataxo.aspx?flora_id=5 &taxo_id=242423581 [Native or aturalized i regios with tropical or subtropical climates? Yes] Native distributio Idia; Bagla Desh; Celo; Pakista. 205 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Does the species have a histor of repeated itroductios outside its atural rage? No] No evidece of repeated itroductios. 301 2012. Uited States Departmet of Agriculture. USDA Plats Database - Ixora pavetta. USDA [Naturalized beod ative rage? Yes] Accordig to the USDA Plats Database, Ixora pavetta is aturalized i Florida. Natural Resources Coservatio Service, http://plats.usda.gov/java/cout?state_ame=fl orida&statefips=12&smbol=ixpa 302 2007. Radall, R.. Global Compedium of [Garde/ameit/disturbace weed? No] No evidece. Weeds - Ixora pavetta. http://www.arsgri.gov/cgi-bi/pgs/html/taxo.pl?103318 303 2007. Radall, R.. Global Compedium of Weeds - Ixora pavetta. http://www.arsgri.gov/cgi-bi/pgs/html/taxo.pl?103318 [Agricultural/forestr/horticultural weed? No] No evidece. 304 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Evirometal weed? No] No evidece. 305 2007. Radall, R.P.. Global Compedium of Weeds - Idex. http://www.hear.org/gcw/ 401 2012. Nazimuddi, S./Qaiser, M.. Flora of Pakista - Rubiaceae. www.efloras.org, http://www.efloras.org/florataxo.aspx?flora_id=5 &taxo_id=242423581 402 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Allelopathic? Ukow] [Cogeeric weed?] The Global Compedium of Weeds lists Ixora paludosa as a agricultural weed i Java. [o metio of impact or cotrol available] [Produces spies, thors or burrs? No] "Brached small tree, bark dark coloured, scabrous, ouger braches glabrous. Leaves opposite, 7-15 x 3.5 6.5 cm, glabrous, obtuse or shortl acumiate; petiole c. 5 mm log. Iflorescece cormbiform termial paicle. Flowers sessile, c. 64 mm log, fragrat, white or scarlet. Calx miute, teeth ver small, obtuse. Corolla-tube filiform, c. 6 mm log, glabrous, lobes 4, reflexed. Filamets c. 0.5 mm; athers ± equallig the corolla-lobes. Stle desel pubescet. exserted; stigma biforked. Fruit globose, 2-seeded, somewhat didmous, black whe ripe." 403 2010. Nickret, D.. The parasitic plat [Parasitic? No] Rubiaceae. coectio. Departmet of Plat Biolog, Souther Illiois Uiversit, Carbodale http://www.parasiticplats.siu.edu/idex.html 403 2012. Nazimuddi, S./Qaiser, M.. Flora of Pakista - Rubiaceae. www.efloras.org, http://www.efloras.org/florataxo.aspx?flora_id=5 &taxo_id=242423581 [Parasitic? No] Rubiaceae. 404 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Upalatable to grazig aimals? Ukow] 405 2010. Natioal Ceter for Biotecholog Iformatio. PubMed. U.S. Natioal Librar of Medicie, Bethesda, Marlad http://www.cbi.lm.ih.gov/sites/etrez [Toxic to aimals? No] No evidece. Prit Date: 6/14/2012 Ixora pavetta (Rubiaceae) Page 3 of 5
405 2012. Specialized Iformatio Services, U.S. Natioal Librar of Medicie. TOXNET toxicolog data etwork [olie database]. Natioal Istitutes of Health, http://toxet.lm.ih.gov/ [Toxic to aimals? No] No evidece. 406 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Host for recogized pests ad pathoges? Ukow] 407 2010. Natioal Ceter for Biotecholog [Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humas? No] No evidece. Iformatio. PubMed. U.S. Natioal Librar of Medicie, Bethesda, Marlad http://www.cbi.lm.ih.gov/sites/etrez 407 2012. Specialized Iformatio Services, U.S. Natioal Librar of Medicie. TOXNET toxicolog data etwork [olie database]. Natioal Istitutes of Health, http://toxet.lm.ih.gov/ [Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humas? No] No evidece. 408 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Creates a fire hazard i atural ecosstems? No] No evidece of biomasss accumulatio that creates a fire hazard. 409 2012. Food Plats Iteratioal. Torchwood, Gadhal, Nivari - Ixora pavetta. http://www.cmsvr.com/fmi/iwp/cgi?- db=fpi_db_%202011_ma&-loadframes 410 1994. Visalaksihi, N.. Fie root damics i two tropical dr evergree forests i souther Idia. Joural of Biosciece. 19: 103-116. 411 2012. Nazimuddi, S./Qaiser, M.. Flora of Pakista - Rubiaceae. www.efloras.org, http://www.efloras.org/florataxo.aspx?flora_id=5 &taxo_id=242423581 [Is a shade tolerat plat at some stage of its life ccle? Yes ] Bright shade to full su. [Tolerates a wide rage of soil coditios (or limestoe coditios if ot a volcaic islad)?] Ixora pavetta grows o ferralitic soil i Marakkaam Forest Reserve, Idia. [Climbig or smotherig growth habit? No] Small tree. 412 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Forms dese thickets? Ukow] 501 2012. Nazimuddi, S./Qaiser, M.. Flora of Pakista - Rubiaceae. www.efloras.org, http://www.efloras.org/florataxo.aspx?flora_id=5 &taxo_id=242423581 502 2012. Nazimuddi, S./Qaiser, M.. Flora of Pakista - Rubiaceae. www.efloras.org, http://www.efloras.org/florataxo.aspx?flora_id=5 &taxo_id=242423581 503 2010. www.atiomaster.com. Ecclopedia Nitroge fixatio. Natiomaster.com, http://www.atiomaster.com/ecclopedia/nitrog e-fixatio 503 2012. Nazimuddi, S./Qaiser, M.. Flora of Pakista - Rubiaceae. www.efloras.org, http://www.efloras.org/florataxo.aspx?flora_id=5 &taxo_id=242423581 504 2012. Nazimuddi, S./Qaiser, M.. Flora of Pakista - Rubiaceae. www.efloras.org, http://www.efloras.org/florataxo.aspx?flora_id=5 &taxo_id=242423581 [Aquatic? No] Rubiaceae; terrestrial; tree. [Grass? No] Rubiaceae; tree. [Nitroge fixig wood plat? No] Rubiaceae. [Nitroge fixig wood plat? No] Rubiaceae. [Geophte (herbaceous with udergroud storage orgas -- bulbs, corms, or tubers)? No] Tree; wood. 601 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Evidece of substatial reproductive failure i ative habitat? No] No evidece. 602 2010. Naak, K.G./Davidar, P.. Polliator limitatio ad the effect of breedig sstems o plat reproductio i forest fragmets. Acta 602 2012. Food Plats Iteratioal. Torchwood, Gadhal, Nivari - Ixora pavetta. http://www.cmsvr.com/fmi/iwp/cgi?- db=fpi_db_%202011_ma&-loadframes 603 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Hbridizes aturall? Ukow] [Produces viable seed? Yes] "There was o sigificat relatio betwee umber of flowerig idividuals ad the level of atural fruit set, except for two species, Derris ovalifolia, ad Ixora pavetta. I these species the atural fruit set decreased with icreasig populatio size, agai idicatig polliator limitatio>" [Produces viable seed? Yes] Ca be grow from seed or greewood cuttig. Prit Date: 6/14/2012 Ixora pavetta (Rubiaceae) Page 4 of 5
604 2010. Naak, K.G./Davidar, P.. Polliator limitatio ad the effect of breedig sstems o plat reproductio i forest fragmets. Acta 605 2010. Naak, K.G./Davidar, P.. Polliator limitatio ad the effect of breedig sstems o plat reproductio i forest fragmets. Acta [Self-compatible or apomictic? No] Self-icompatible. [Requires specialist polliators? No] I this experimet o polliator limitatio ad breedig sstems, Ixora pavetta was visited b moths, bees ad srphid flies. 606 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Reproductio b vegetative fragmetatio? Ukow] 607 2012. Food Plats Iteratioal. Torchwood, Gadhal, Nivari - Ixora pavetta. http://www.cmsvr.com/fmi/iwp/cgi?- db=fpi_db_%202011_ma&-loadframes [Miimum geerative time (ears)? ] Slow-growig. 607 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Miimum geerative time (ears)? Ukow] 701 2012. Nazimuddi, S./Qaiser, M.. Flora of Pakista - Rubiaceae. www.efloras.org, http://www.efloras.org/florataxo.aspx?flora_id=5 &taxo_id=242423581 702 2010. Naak, K.G./Davidar, P.. Polliator limitatio ad the effect of breedig sstems o plat reproductio i forest fragmets. Acta [Propagules likel to be dispersed uitetioall (plats growig i heavil trafficked areas)? No] No evidece. [Propagules dispersed itetioall b people? Yes] Widel cultivated throughout the Ido-Pakista subcotiet. 703 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Propagules likel to disperse as a produce cotamiat? No] No evidece. 704 2012. Nazimuddi, S./Qaiser, M.. Flora of Pakista - Rubiaceae. www.efloras.org, http://www.efloras.org/florataxo.aspx?flora_id=5 &taxo_id=242423581 [Propagules adapted to wid dispersal? No] Fruit globose, 2-seeded, somewhat didmous, black whe ripe. 705 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Propagules water dispersed? Ukow] 706 2012. Nazimuddi, S./Qaiser, M.. Flora of Pakista - Rubiaceae. www.efloras.org, http://www.efloras.org/florataxo.aspx?flora_id=5 &taxo_id=242423581 707 2012. Nazimuddi, S./Qaiser, M.. Flora of Pakista - Rubiaceae. www.efloras.org, http://www.efloras.org/florataxo.aspx?flora_id=5 &taxo_id=242423581 708 2012. Tadwalkar, M.D./Joglekar, A.M./Mhaskar, M./Kaade, R.B./Chava, B./Watve, A.V./Gaeshaiah, K.N./Patwardha, A.A.. Dispersal modes of wood species from the orther Wester Ghats, Idia. Tropical Ecolog. 53(1): 53-67. [Propagules bird dispersed? Yes] Fruit globose, 2-seeded, somewhat didmous, black whe ripe. [Propagules dispersed b other aimals (exterall)? No] Fruit globose, 2-seeded, somewhat didmous, black whe ripe. [o meas of attachmet] [Propagules survive passage through the gut? Yes] Aimal dispersed. 801 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Prolific seed productio (>1000/m2)? Ukow] 802 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Evidece that a persistet propagule bak is formed (>1 r)? Ukow] 803 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Well cotrolled b herbicides? Ukow] 804 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Tolerates, or beefits from, mutilatio, cultivatio, or fire? Ukow] 805 2012. WRA Specialist. Persoal Commuicatio. [Effective atural eemies preset locall (e.g. itroduced biocotrol agets)? Ukow] Prit Date: 6/14/2012 Ixora pavetta (Rubiaceae) Page 5 of 5
Summar of Risk Traits High Risk: Native to tropical ad subtropical regios Naturalized i Florida Shade tolerat Aimal/bird dispersed seed Low Risk: Not a recorded as a weed Does ot have wide evirometal toleraces Not toxic to humas or aimals Is ot self-compatible Slow-growig