STATE OF THE ART WITHIN THE VITICULTURE AND VINARY IN REPUBLIKA SRPSKA Doc.dr Tatjana Jovanović Cvetković Prof.dr Dragutin Mijatović Mr Rada Grbić Univeristy of Banja Luka Faculty of Agriculture Brankica Tomaš Ministry for agriculture forestry and water management of Republic of Srpska SWG meeting, Aranđelovac, 11-13.06.2015.
STATE OF THE ART WITHIN THE VITICULTURE AND WINE PRODUCTION IN REPUBLIKA SRPSKA Aim of the presentation: overview of the present state of grape and wine production in Republika Srpska overview of the state of the grape and wine production in Republika Srpska from 1999 till 2012 Data source: Statistical Almanac of Republika Srpska, 2013. (Republic department for statistics) Registry of agricultural producers of Republika Srpska (Ministry for agriculture, forestry and water management of Republika Srpska) Meteorological data (Hidrometeorological department of Republika Srpska) Pedological data (Agricultural Institute of Republike Srpska, Banjaluka)
Geographical position of Republika Srpska Latitutde 42 33 and 45 16 Longitude 16 11 and 19 37 North and east part of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Viticulture area of Republika Srpska North part of Republika Srpska Banja Luka, 164 m Soil: Hidromorphic soils Climate: Moderate-continental South part of Republika Srpska (East Hercegovina) Soil: Shallow soils on calcit-dolomite substrate Climate: Mediterranean Trebinje, 274 m
Climate factors indicating wine growing Mjesec Month Temperatura Temperature ( C) Banja Luka Insolacija Insolation (h) Padavine Rainfall (mm) Pot. (h) Temperatura Temperature ( C) Trebinje * Insolacija Insolation (h) Padavine Rainfall (mm) Pot. (h) I 1,0 71,5 67,1 280,1 5,7 132 167,4 287,7 II 3,1 92,6 66,1 296,8 6,2 145 152,7 299,7 III 7,6 144,6 73,4 364,9 9,8 179 140,4 369,7 IV 12,1 166,5 104,7 399,4 13,1 212 110,0 401,9 V 17,2 233,4 75,6 455,1 18,6 272 76,8 453,3 VI 20,9 261,3 108,2 459,5 22,6 311 70,8 455,0 VII 22,0 273,1 83,6 465,1 25,1 349 47,2 464,2 VII 21,7 248,2 71,1 427,9 24,7 329 56,1 430,5 IX 16,1 172,4 114,7 369,4 19,2 256 170,3 374,0 X 12,3 138,8 70,7 333,2 15,7 200 152,2 342,9 XI 7,1 79,0 95,0 281,9 10,6 132 228,4 296,0 XII 2,2 43,0 94,6 265,2 7,0 117 256,5 282,1
Climate factors indicating wine growing Klimatski pokazatelji Climatic indicators Srednja vegetaciona temperatura, ( C) Average air temperature in vegetation, ( C) Srednja godišnja temperatura, ( C) Average annual air temperature, ( C) Apsolutna minimalna temperatura, ( C) Absolute minimal air temperature, ( C) Vegetaciona suma efektivnih temperatura, ( C) The effective temperature sum in vegetation, ( C) Insolacija tokom vegetacije, (h) Insolation in vegetation, (h) Vegetaciona količina padavina, (mm) The rain sum in vegetation, (mm) Potencijalno trajanje sunčeva sjaja u vegetaciji, (h) Potential duration of sunshine in vegetation (h) Trebinje Banja Luka Razlika 19,9 17,5 +2,4 14,9 11,9 +3,0-8,4-26,4-18,0 2114,1 1602,2 +511,9 1929,0 1493,7 +435,3 683,4 628,6 +54,8 2921,8 2909,6 +12,2 Utmost difference: values of absolute minimal temperatures Values of the rest of climatic factors: favorable conditions for wine growing in Eastern Hercegovina.
Areas and production of grapes and wine in the Republic of Srpska Analysis of statistical data on the production of grapes and wine in the Republic of Srpska for the period from 1999 to 2012 (Statistical Yearbook of the Republic of Srpska, 2012) shows that there was an increase in the total area of vineyards in the period, which resulted in increase in production of wine. Although it is difficult to precisely determine the intensity of the development of viticulture in the northern part of the Republic of Srpska and Eastern Herzegovina, field data indicate that the trend of establishing new vineyards is present in both regions. In line with increase in the total area of vineyards in the observed period, there was also an increase in the total number of productive vines of nearly a million productive vines (Table 1).
Production of grape in Republic of Srpska Tabela. Pokazatelji proizvodnje grožđa u Republici Srpskoj (1999. 2012) Table. Production data of grape in Republic of Srpska (1999 2012) Godina Year Površine Areas (ha) Ukupan broj čokota Total number of vines (000) Broj rodnih čokota Number of productive vines (000) Ukupna proizvodnja grožđa Total production of grapes (t) 1999 130 563 558 853 2000 131 563 563 1001 2001 133 573 563 906 2002 132 486 482 570 2003 148 526 486 585 2004 265 950 496 570 2005 280 969 535 756 2006 288 889 756 1511 2007 298 1040 871 1835 2008 372 1232 892 2044 2009 547 1704 1204 3483 2010 527 1654 1501 3181 2011 518 1741 1508 3033 2012 514 1752 1587 2958 The total production of grapes in the analyzed period is also characterized by a tendency of growth. However, the total production of grapes shows a significant variation by year in this period, which is a consequence not only of the said transformations of viticulture in the analyzed period (clearing, renewal of old vineyards and establishing of new ones), but also of different weather conditions that undoubtedly affect yields.
Production of grape and wine in Republic of Srpska Fluctuations present in the production of wine can be related inter alia to levels of the production of grapes, but in some cases also to the lack of sufficient and adequate processing capacities. Construction of modern processing and storage capacities is certainly one of the serious activities that need to be implemented in the next period, in order to improve and upgrade the viticultural production in the Republic of Srpska.
Main characteristics of present viticultire and wine production on North Bosnia Areas - mostly small areas - bigest area - ZZ "Celeryi Banjalučke biskupije, Mahovljani - tendency to increase Cultivars - white wine cultivars: Riesling Rajnski, White Bourgundy, Sauvignone,Traminer, Chardonnay -red wine cultivars: Cabernet Sauvignon, FrankovkaBlack Bourgunday, Merlot Grape processing - produstion of red and white wines - small processing capacities - building and equipping of vaster vineries (Wine celary Jungić, Čelinac) Association of grape and wine producers of Republic of Srpska
Main characteristics of present viticultire and wine production on East Herzegovina Areas grape production is concentrated on: Popovo polje, Petrovo polje, Mokro polje - Trebinje - biggest areas coverd by "Agrofin, Popovo polje and "Vukoje" - small parcels - tendency to increse Cultivars - white wine cultivars: Žilavka, Chardonnay, Smederevka - red wine cultivars: Vranac, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Plavac mali
Main characteristics of present viticultire and wine production on East Herzegovina Producers aims Production of quality and high-quality white and red wines Processing capacities - big number of small celeries (familiy business) - celeries with bigger processing capacities Registered celeries: "Celery Vukoje" " Celery Manastira Tvrdoš" "Celery Anđelić" "Celery Herceg-vino" "Celery Andrija Lečić" "Celery Proto" "Celery Ratković" "Celery Petijević" "Celery Nožica" "Celery Tarana" "Celery Aćimović" "Celery Bojanić" "Celery Popovac" "Celery Berak" "Celery Korać Society of viticulturists and wine producers of East Herzegovina Vinos
Collections University in Banja Luka - Faculty of Agriculture and Genetic Resources Institute establshed two collections of vine varieties: The collection of varieties resistant to biotic and abiotic growing conditions - Dragutin Mijatović, Kozarska Dubica(48 varieties); The collection Autochthonous varieties - nunnery "Petropavlov manastir" - Trebinje (12 varieties);.
Legal regulations in the fields of viticulture and winemaking Production of grapes and wine in the Republic of Srpska is currently partly regulated by the laws at the Republic of Srpska level: Law on Planting Material - regulating the method of production and trades of planting materials, and the Law on Wine and Brandy - that lays down the methods and conditions of production of wine,grape brandy and other grape and wine products,as well as their marketing. Still, it is necessary to bring the existing legislation up to date by certain bylaws or rules that would regulate the stated field in more detail, and harmonize it with the legal framework at the state level.
CONCLUSIONS Viticulture and wine production in Republika Srpska is in transition phase and main characteristics are: - demolition of old vineyards and establishment of new ones, - introduction of different cultivars, - establishment of new processing capcities and introduction of new (modern) technologies into the production of wine in order to improve wine quality. Restriction factors within the present production: - small parcel sizes, - lack of adequate law regulations (mainly lack of viticulture regionalization).
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